world. But if our trade is to be maintained and our treaty rights are to be observed, it will soon become necessary for us to take a far stronger line than we have lately adopted in our relations with the celestial empire. The chapter on trade shows that our commerce in the far East is not what it was; and this is the more important since signs are not wanting that there is a danger of a still further contraction, owing to the advance made. by other nations, and the growing hostility of the Chinese Government.