I the Sayenge, that they wold not maculate the honour of theyr people wyth suche a reproche, to be saide, that they had made aliaunce with disars. Sir T. Elyot. The Governour, b. i. c. 26. With that thy rare green eye, which never yet Beaum. & Fletch. The Two Noble Kinsmen, Act iii. sc. 1. I speake not, be thou true, as fearing thee: For I will throw my gloue to death himselfe Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act iv. sc. 4. MAD,. Skinner says, Gemaad, gemad, MAD, adj. insanus, vecors. It. Matto, stulMADDEN, v. tus. The older etymologists MA'DDISH. refer our Eng. Mad to the MA'DDINGLY. Greek; but do not agree upon MA'DLY. the specific source. Serenius, MA'DMAN. from the Goth. Mod, anger. MADNESS. Tooke, from the A. S. Met-an, somniare, to mete, to dream; past part. Matt, and Tooke also disputes the Greek origin ascribed to the It. Matto. The Greek derivatives The observes) in the Italian proceed through the Latin; and in the Latin, there is nothing which resembles Matto. 'Twas then, the madding Monarchs to compose, The Pylian Prince, the smooth-speech'd Nestor rose, Savage. To John Powell, Esq. Her mien, her shape, her temper, eyes, and tongue, Parnell. An Elegy to an Old Beauty. Dryden. Palamon & Arcite. Gray. Elegy. c. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 8. Is it because Liberty in the abstract may be classed among Madness is popularly applied to such a disorder the blessings of mankind that I am seriously to felicitate a his own affairs. Mad-insane, or unsound of understanding, Esordered or distracted to the loss of reason, to a olent, furious excess; to frenzy or delirium; farious, frantic, delirious. See the quotations from Drummond and Gray. And these wordis were seyn bifore hem as madnesse and the bileueden not to hem.-Id. Luke, c. 24. Festus seide with greet voice, Poul, thou maddest, many tres turnen thee to woodnesse. And Poul seide, I madde to thou best Festus, but I speke out the wordes of treuthe and sobrenesse.-Id. Dedis, c. 26. Festus said we a lowde voyce. Paule, yu arte besydes thy Muche learninge hath made ye mad. And Paul said: not mad, most dere Festus: but speake ye woordes of traeth and soberness.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Saffireth thee, but if thy wittes madde, Chaucer. The Milleres Tale, v. 3555. But now from me his madding mind is start, What sweet delight a quiet life affords, "Certes, madame," quath thys other, "so ne may yt nogt Madame, I am a man of thyne, That in thy courte haue long serued.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. In which [a chariot] they mean to Paris him to bring, Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt. In the colleges many of the young divines, and those in next aptitude to divinity, have been seen, prostituting the shame of that ministry, which either they had, or were nigh having, to the eyes of courtiers and court-ladies, with their grooms and madamoisellaes.-Milton. Apol. for Smectym. MA'DDER. A. S. Madre; Dut. Meed; It. Madera; which latter, Skinner thinks, may be, q. d. materia tinctoria. Minshew,-from Dut. Meeden, tingere, to tinge, to dye; but there appears no authority for such a word. MADRIGAL. Fr. and Sp. Madrigale, It. Madriale, madrigale; also more anciently written mandriale, (Menage,) from the It. and Sp. Mandra; Fr. Mandre; Lat. Mandra, a sheepfold, or any place for sheep and shepherds to take shelter in; and thus madrigal was originally applied to chanson de berger, the shepherd's song. See Menage's French and Italian Etymologies; he derives the Lat. Mandra, from the Gr. Avтро, a cave. While shaggy satyres, tripping o'er the strands, Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, b. i. s. 4. Dryden. Art of Poetry, c. 2. To stutter, or stammer. Yet notwithstanding he deliuered his speeches by reason of his palseie, in such staggering and mafling wise, &c. Holinshed. Ireland, an. 1532. The familiar friends and schollers (by report) of Plato did imitate him in stooping forward: and those of Aristotle in his stammering and maffling speech. Holland. Plutarch, p. 74. They also abuse their power, and go too far in their commandements, (for so they be called at the wine) who enjoyne stutters, stammerers, and mafflers to sing, or bald-pates to kembe their heads, or lame creeples to go upright on their feet without halting.-Id. Ib. p. 535. As when a spark Lights on a heap of nitrous powder, laid Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iv. Thus useful arms in magazines we place, Pope. Essay on Criticism. We essayists who are allowed but one subject at a time are by no means so fortunate as the writers of magazines, who write upon several. If a magaziner be dull upon the Spanish war, he soon has us up again with the ghost in Cock-lane.-Goldsmith, Ess. 9. The first is madder, (rubia,) in great request among diers and curriers for to set a colour upon their wooll and leather, right necessarie. The best of all and most commended is our madder of Italie, principally that which groweth about vilages neare unto our citie of Rome. Holland. Plinie, b. xix. c. 3. Urban or Sylvan, or whatever name Madder also afforded something peculiar and very differ- Delight thee most, thou foremost in the fame ing from what we have newly mentioned. Of magazining chiefs, whose rival page Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 750. With monthly medly, courts the curious age. Byrom. The Passive Participle's Petition. The cultivation of madder was, for a long time, confined Gent. [Such a one] I much mistake else, by the tythe to the United Provinces, which, being PresbyMAGGOT. Goth. and A. S. Matha; Dut. Was sent in th' other night, a little maddish. terian countries, and upon that account exempted from this MA'GOTTY. Made, made, maeye, which latter Beaum. & Fletch. The Pilgrim, Act iv. sc. 1. dying drug against the rest of Europe. destructive tax, enjoyed a sort of monopoly of that useful Kilian (as Junius adds) derives from Maeyen, Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. v. c. 2. metere, depascere; to feed upon. The Dut. MADEFA'CTION. Fr. Madéfier; Lat. Ma-Mayen is from the Goth. Mat-yan or mat-gan, the defieri, madefacere, madefactum; to moisten, to third person of which is matgith, that which eateth. become moist. Lat. Mad-ere; Gr. Mud-av; to wet, to soak. Drummond, pt. i. son. 49. I maddingly affrighted through the villages. Id. Women Pleased, Act iv. sc. 1. Put as to him who Cotis did upbraid, A call'd his rigour madness, raging fits: Catent thee, thou unskilful man, he said; My madness keeps my subjects in their wits. Daniel. Civil Wars, b. vii. Others sent messengers & tokens, which very many of the With-Stow. The West Saxons. A wetting, making or being wet. ged yong men accepted and beleeued, for good eneth it not, except it vapour. The cause is, for that heat Water, being contiguous with aire, cooleth it, but moistand cold have a virtual transition, without communication of substance; but moisture not: and to all madefaction there is required an imbibition.-Bacon. Nat. Hist. § 865. MADGE-HOWLET. In French called Ma Dor. And is your hate so mortal? Mary. No not to his person, Bot to his qualities, his mad-cap follies, Which still like Hydras' heads grow thicker on him. And see MOTH. Your worm is your onely emperour for diet. We fat all creatures else to fat vs, and we fat ourselfe for magots. Shakespeare. Hamlet, Act iv. sc. 3. Out of the sides and back of the most common caterpillar, which feeds upon cabbage, cole-wort, and turnep-leaves, which we have described in the catalogue of Cambridge plants, we have seen creep out small maggots to the number sometimes of threescore or more, which so soon as ever they came forth, began to weave themselves silken cases of a came out thence in the form of small flies with four wings. Ray. On the Creation, pt. ii. Beaum. & Fletch. Monsieur Thomas, Act 1, sc. 2. chette, whence, or from Madge, for Margaret, and yellow colour, wherein they changed, and after some time La Out you mad-headed ape, a weazell hath not such a tee of spleene, as you are tost with. VOL II. Shakespeare. 1 Pt. Hen. IV. Act ii. sc. 3. howlet, Skinner forms the word. See OWL. I'le sit in a barn with Madge-howlet, and catch mice first. MA'GIC, adj. MAGIC, n. MA'GICAL. MAGICALLY. Fr. Magique It. Magica; Sp. Magica: Lat. Magica; Gr. Μαγική, μαγεια, from μα and this from the Persian. yos, The first quotation from Ralegh explains the ancient usage of the word by the Persians, and the second, the common modern application. MAGICIAN. MA'GI. But thurgh his magike for a day or tway, It semed all the rockes were away. Here is the deficience-Physicians have not set down and delivered over certain experimental medicines for the cure of particular diseases, besides their own conjectural and magisterial descriptions.-Bacon. On Learning, b. ii. I finde a vast chaos of medicines, a confusion of receipts and magistrals, amongst writers, appropriated to this disease, some of the chiefest I will rehearse. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 382. Let it be some magistrall opiate. Bacon. History of Life and Death, p. 29. What a presumption is this for one, who will not allow Chaucer. The Frankeleines Tale, v. 11,606. liberty to others, to assume to himself such a licence to controul so magistrally.-Bishop Bramhall against Hobbes. The physicians have frustrated the fruit of tradition and Id. The Monkes Tale, v. 14,214. experience by their magistralities, in adding, and taking out, and changing quid pro quo, in their receipts, at their pleasures.-Bacon. On Learning, b. ii. In al that lond magician was non, Jason, whiche sigh his fader olde, Of art magike, whiche she couth, She wolde make ayenewarde newe.-Gower. Con. A. b. v. Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. iv. And writing straunge characters on the grownd, It is confessed by all of understanding, that a magician (according to the Persian word) is no other than Divinorum cultor et interpres, a studious observer and expounder of divine things and the art itself (I mean the art of natural magick) no other, Quam naturalis philosophiæ absoluta consummatio, than the absolute perfection of natural philosophy. Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 11. s. 3. And that distill'd by magicke flights, Shakespeare. Macbeth, Act iii. sc. 3. Id. Antony & Cleopatra, Act iii. sc. I. Medicines were called pharmaca, which anciently signified poysons; because it was believed, that unless they were magically used, they would do more hurt than good." Grew. Cosmo. Sacra, b. iv. c. 8. He is called a magician now-a-days who having entered league with the devil, useth his help to any matter. Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 11. s. 2. They by the altar stand, while with loose hair Waller. Virgil. Æneis, b. iv. Some have fancied that envy has a certain magical force in it, and that the eyes of the envious have by their fascination blasted the enjoyments of the happy.-Spectator, No.19. There dire magicians threw their mists around, We read, in the Book of Exodus, of an express trial of skill, if we may be allowed the expression, between Moses and the magicians of Egypt, in the exercise of miraculous powers; in which the magicians were completely foiled,not because their feats were not miraculous, but because their power, as they were at last driven to confess, extended not to those things which Moses did.-Horsley, vol. i. Ser.11. The arts of magic were equally condemned by the public opinion and by the laws of Rome; but as they tended to gratify the most imperious passions of the heart of man, they were continually proscribed, and continually practised. Gibbon. Roman Empire, c. 25. These mighty piles of magic-planted rock, MAGISTERY. MAGISTE RIAL. MAGISTERIALLY. MAGISTE RIALNESS. MAGISTRALL. MAGISTRALLY. MAGISTRALITY. Mason. Caractacus. Magistery, as used by master like, with the authority of a master, in the manner of a master; authoritative, domineering; powerful, efficacious, of sovereign or supreme power or efficacy. Upon this ground Paracelsus, in his Archidoxis, extracteth the magistery of wine; after four monthes digestion in horse-dung, exposing it unto the extremity of cold; whereby the aqueous parts will freeze, but the spirit retire, and be found uncongealed in the center. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 1. Your assertion of the originall of set forms of liturgy. I justly say is more magistrall, than true, and such as your own testimonies confute. Bp. Hall. Answer to the Vindication of Smectymnuus, s. 2. Although majestery be a term variously enough employed by chymists, and particularly used by Paracelsus to signify very different things; yet the best notion I know of it, and that which I find authorized even by Paracelsus in some passages, where he expresses himself more distinctly is, that it is a preparation whereby there is not an analysis made, of the body assigned, nor an extraction of this or that principle, but the whole, or very near the whole body, by the help of some additament, greater or less, is turned into a body of another kind.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 637. Those who have fairly and truly examin'd, and are thereby got past doubt in all the doctrines they profess and govern themselves by, would have a juster pretence to require others to follow them: but these are so few in number, and find so little reason to be magisterial in their opinions, that nothing insolent and imperious is to be expected from them. Locke. Of Human Understanding, b. iv. c. 16. s. 4. I have of late years met with divers such vain pretenders, who blush not to talk of rhetorick more magisterially than Aristotle or Tully would.-Id. Ib. He [Dr. Tully] chargeth him [Bull] with too much precipitancy and magisterialness in judging. Nelson. Life of Dr. George Bull, s. 40. Acanthe here, When magisterial duties from his home Her father call'd, had entertain'd the guest. Glover. The Athenaid, b. xv. The claim of infallibility, or even of authority to prescribe magisterially to the opinions and consciences of men, whether in an individual, or in assemblies and collections of men, is never to be admitted.-Bp. Horsley, vol. ii. Ser. 15. MAGISTRACY. Fr. Magistrat, magisMAGISTRATE. trature; It. Magistrato; MAGISTRA'TICK. Sp. Magistrado; Lat. Magistratus, from magistrare, regere, temperare, to rule; and this from magister, which (says Vossius) is either from magis, greater, as minister from minus, or rather from the Gr. MeyOTOS, the greatest, whence magistrates are by the Greeks called μεγιστάνες. But see MAGNIFY. Magistracy. the office or station of magistrate, i. e. of one greater than, or superior to, placed over or above, in power or authority over, others in society, or social body, in a state; one appointed or invested with authority to interpret and execute the laws or some portion of them. And Pilat clepide togidere the princis of prestis and the magestratis of the puple.-Wiclif. Luke, c. 23. They which haue such auctorities to them comitted, may be called inferiour gouernors, hauynge respect to theyr office or dueties, wherin is also a representation of gouernance: all be it they be named in Latine magistratus. And herafter I intende to cal them magistrates, lackynge an other more conuenient worde in Euglyshe. Sir T. Elyot. The Governour, b. i. c. 3. not of the internal and essential glory which is in magistra tick or ecclesiastick power and order, (which are both divine,) yet are so far not only convenient, but almost necessary, as they help to keep both laws and religion from -1 contempt, and from that vulgar insolence to which seditious and atheistical humours are subject. Bp. Taylor. Artificial Handsomeness, p. 169. Magistrates are to govern according to those instructions of Job, c. xxix. 14. I put on righteousness, and it clotheth me; my judgment was as a robe and a diadem. I was eyes to the blind, and feet was 1 to the lame. I was a father to the poor, and the cause which I knew not, I searched out. Clarke, vol. i. Ser. 49. J Of magistrates some also are supreme, in whom the sovereign power of state resides: others are subordinate, deriving all their authority from the supreme magistrate, accountable to him for their conduct, and acting in an inferior secondary ■ sphere.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 2. Thus far hath been considered chiefly the power of kings and magistrates; how it was and is originally the people's, and by them conferr'd in trust only to be employ'd to the common peace and benefit; with liberty therfore and right remaining in them to reassume it to themselves, if by kings or magistrates it be abus'd: or to dispose of it by any alteration, as they shall judge most conducing to the public good. Milton. The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates. In all tyrannical governments the supreme magistracy, or the right both of making and of enforcing the laws, is vested in one and the same man, or one and the same body of men. Id. Ib. MAGNALITY. Low Lat. Magnalis, magna lia, from the Lat. Magnus, great. So long therefore (for the resemblance which dominion hath) do those that are powerful retain the image of God, as according to his commandments they exercise the office or magistracy to which they are called. usual. Although perhaps too greedy of magnalities, we are apt to make but favourable experiments concerning welcome truthes, and much desired verities. Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 2. s. 2. Both civil and religious acts study to conciliate to themselves a majesty and reverence, by habits and ornaments; by comely robes and costly vests; which, though they are Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 3. Though honest minds do glorifie God hereby; yet do they most powerfully magnifie him, and are to be looked on with another eye, who demonstratively set forth its magnalities, who not from postulated or precarious inferences, intreat a courteous assent; but from experiments and undeniable effects, enforce the wonder of its maker.-Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 4 MAGNANIMITY. Fr. Magnanime; It. MAGNA'NIMOUS. Magnanimo; Sp. MagMAGNA'NIMOUSLY. nanimo; Lat. Magnanimus, i. e. .e. magnus animus; of or pertaining to, having or possessing, a great mind. See MAGNIFY. Greatness of mind; loftiness of thought, feeling, or sentiment: opposed to pusillanimity, and mean spiritedness. See the quotation from Sir T. Elyot. Right so men gostly, in this maiden free Sawen of faith the magnanimitie. Chaucer. The Second Nonnes Tale, v. 15,578. Magnanimitie is a vertue moche commendable, and may be in this wyse defyned, that it is an excellencie of mynde, concernynge thinges of great importaunce or estimation, doinge al thynge, that is vertuous, for the acheuinge of honour.-Sir T. Elyot. The Governour, b. iii. c. 13. I seeme to see a farre off (for my comfort) the highe and triumphant vertue called magnanimity accompanied with industrious diligence.-What shal I do then? Shall I yeid to miserie as iust plague appointed for my portion? Magnanimity saith no, and industry seemeth to be of the verie same opinion.-Gascoigne. The Steele Glas. Never had worthy man for any fact, A more fair, glorious theatre than we; Wheron true magnanimity might act Brave deeds, which better witnessed could be. Daniel. Civil Wars, b. vi. Both striv'd for death; magnanimous debate! Whilst with religion, vertue emulous stood: They generously devout, devoutly brave, Taught Gentiles worth, true zele to Christians gave. Stirling. Domes-day. The Ninth Houre. Who first from death by deeds redeem'd their names, And eminent magnanimously grew, They onely praise, not profit did pursue. Id. Ib. The Fourth Houre But before I descend to particulars, it will not be amiss to take notice of one consideration, that may in genera make it probable that the Christian Religion is rather favourable, than opposite to true magnanimity. Boyle. Works, vol. v. p. 552 Lives there on earth, almost to Greece unknown, A people so magnanimous, to quit Their native soil, traverse the stormy deep, And by their blood and treasure spent for us, Redeem our States, our liberties, and laws! Thomson. Liberty, pt. ii In the height of his agonies, with a magnanimity not les extraordinary than his patient endurance of pain and co tumely, he accepted the homage which in that situation w offered to him as the King of Israel; and, in the highe tone of confident authority, promised to conduct the penite companion of his sufferings that very day to Paradise. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 1 With Hannibal at her gates, she [Holland] had nobly a magnanimously refused all separate treaty. Burke. Letters on a Regicide Peace, Let MAGNETICK. MAGNE TICKNESS. MAGNETISM. And thus where he so highly magnifieth the beliefe of God's promises only, setting all other articles of the faithe Having the powers of as thingis of a second sorte, him selfe belieueth as ye see the magnet; attractive. On th' other syde an hidious rock is pight Of mightie magnes-stone. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 12. Dinocrates began to make the arched roofe of the temple of Arsinoe all of magnet, or this loadstone, to the end, that within that temple the statue of the said princesse made of yrus, might seeme to hang in the aire by nothing. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxiv. c. 14. The honour of that inuention, as touching the propertie of the magnetical needle in pointing towards the poles, is Eributed by Blondus to the citizens of Amalfe. Stow. Q. Elizabeth, an. 1602. There is an opinion, that the moon is magnetical of heat, s the sun is of cold and moisture.-Bacon. Nat. Hist. § 75. [We see] many greene wounds by that now so much used aguentum armarium, magnetically cured. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 96. It related not to the instances of the magneticalness of lightning-History of the Royal Society, vol. iv. p. 253. The magnetic poles are also a great secret; especially now they are found to be distinct from the poles of the earth. Grew. Cosmo. Sacra, b. i. c. 2. The magnetickness of their external success. Men that ascribe thus much unto rocks of the North, rust presume or discover the like magneticals in the South. Fr. in the Southern Seas and far beyond the Equator vafates are large, and declinations as constant as in the Northern Ocean-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 3. They must, obedient to mechanic laws. Blackmore. The Creation, b. i. Who can enough magnetic force admire.-Id. Ib. Many other magnetisms may be pretended and the like But magnetism is so fertile a subject, that if I had now the leisure and conveniency to range among magnetical riers. I should scarce doubt of finding, among their many experiments and observations, divers, that might be added those above delivered, as being easily applicable to the present argument.-Boyle. Works, vol. iv. p. 345. Thas safe thro' waves the sons of Israel trod; Harte. Thomas à Kempis. A Vision. The virtue of his death, and the consequent " b resurrection" (as the apostle styles it), compose a divine tical influence (if one may use the expression), which act upon the mass of mankind and draw them upwards fre the earth.-Horne. Works, vol. v. Dis. 3. the promises as lyttell as the tother. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 562. And Dauid said Solomon my sonne is yong and tender, and we must buylde an house for the Lord, magnifical, excellent and of great fame and dignitie throughout all countreis.-Geneva Bible, 1561. 1 Chron. xxii. 5. He spake in all points as their prince; modestly indeed of his owne person, and of the weale-publicke magnifically. Savile. Tacitus. Historie, p. 139. Salamon was in a greate deale lesser tyme builded, than This I dare boldly affirme that that magnificent temple of this Isopes crow was decked with hys borrowed fethers. Barnes. Workes, p. 357. The least error in a small quantity, as in a small circle, be proportionally magnified.-Grew. Cosmo. Sacra, b. ii. c. 5. will, in a great one, as in the circles of the heavenly orbs, Dread soveraine goddesse, that doest highest sit And this is the full and plain meaning of those words so often used in Scripture for the magnification of faith, The just shall live by faith.-Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 3. Far distant he descries A Prince is never so magnificent Massinger. The Emperor of the East, Act ii. sc. 1. A domineering pedant o're the boy, [Cupid] Shakespeare. Love's Labour Lost, Act i. sc. 1. What ark, what trophy, what magnificence Sperone Speroni replied to [Francis Maria II. Duke of Rovere] "that he preferred to live for one day like a man [rather] than for a hundred years like a brute, a stock or a This was thought and called, a magnificent answer, down to the last days of Italian servitude. stone.'" Byron. Childe Harold, c. 4. s. 31. Note. [Verona] can boast of possessing one of the noblest monuments of Roman magnificence now existing; I mean its amphitheatre, inferior in size, but equal in materials and in solidity to the Coliseum.-Eustace. Italy, vol. i. c. 2. We commonly find in the ambitious man a superiority of parts, in some measure proportioned to the magnitude of his designs. Bp. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 4. MAG-PIE. Minshew and Sherwood,-a MA'GOT-PIE. Magatapie. Magot-pie (says Steevens) is the original name of the bird: magot being the familiar appellation given to pies, as we say Robin to a red-breast, Tom to a titmouse, Philip to a sparrow, &c." It is not unusual to call this bird also Madge. See PIE. Augures, and vnderstood relations haue, Shakespeare. Macbeth, Act iii. sc. 4. Where the fond ape himselfe uprearing hy Spenser. Mother Hubberd's Tale. Shakespeare. Othello, Act i. sc. 2. Mens hilaris, requies, moderata dieta is a great magnifier of honest mirth, by which (saith Gornesius) we cure many passions of the minde, in ourselves, and in our friends. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 298. And fast by hanging in a golden chain Number, though wonderful in itself, and sufficiently mag Fr. Magnifier; It. Mag- nifiable from its demonstrable affection, hath yet received nificare; Sp. Magnificar; Lat. Magnificare, q. d. magnum facere, to make or cause to be great: magnificus, qui magna facit, who does great things. A. S. Mag-en; Lat. MagnSee MAY, and MIGHT. To enlarge, to amplify, us. to augment, to aggran Magnificence, greatness or grandeur; but appd rather to the splendour, the splendid pomp, e sumptuousness, of grandeur, than to simple randeur itself. Magnificent,-in Shakespeare, pretending to Seatness. adjections from the multiplying conceits of men. Yalden. On Sir Willoughby Aston. Where's now the vast magnificence, which made Thy wond'rous brightness, which no more Pomfret. Eleazar's Lamentation over Jerusalem. 4. The denial of this assistance seems to take off from the energy of prayer in general, and from the virtue of prayer magnificently, and to which it so frequently exhorts us. One of our microscopes has been counted by several of the To these thy naval streams, disused. For the sacrifices which God gave Adam's sonnes, were no dumme popetrie or superstitious Mahometrie, but signes of the testament of God.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 257. So did the squire, the whiles the carle did fret And fume in his disdainefull mynd the more, And oftentimes by Turmagant and Mahound swore. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 7. My mighty Mahound kinsman, what quirk now? Beaum. & Fletch. Rule a Wife and have a Wife, Act iv. sc.1. All of this kindred are called Emyri, that is, Lords, cloathed with (or at least, wearing turbants of) greene, which colour the Mahumetans will not suffer other men to weare.-Purchas. Pilgrimage, b. iii. c. 6. The Mahometans make it a part of their religion to propagate their sect by the sword; but yet still by honourable wars, never by villanies and secret murders. Bacon. Charge against Mr. Owen. In the Catecheses Mystagogicæ or instructions of Peter Guerra de Lorca, concerning conuerting and keeping from Mahometisme, are rehearsed and refuted a great part of their superstitions.-Purchas. Pilgrimage, b. iii. c. 5. There is extant a constitution of Methodius, Patriarke of Constantinople, touching the diuersities of penances (according to the diuersitie of the offence) to bee performed by such as haue reuolted from the faith to Mahumetisme.-Id. Ib. In the East, where the warmth of the climate makes cleanliness more immediately necessary than in colder countries, it is made one part of their religion: the Jewish law, and the Mahometan, which in some things copies after it, is filled with bathings, purifications, and other rites of the like nature.-Spectator, No. 632. Mr. Gibbon comes forward with all the rancour of a renegado, against christianity. He tramples upon it at first, with a cloven-foot of heathenism. He dungs upon it at last, from the dirty tail of Mahometanism. Whitaker. Review of Gibbon's History, p. 256. From all those differential marks, I am inclined to suspect that our old structures have been new-named, and Mahometanised without sufficient proof of their Arabic origin. Swinburne. Spain, Let. 44. MAID, n. Goth. Magath; A. S. MAIDEN, adj. Mag-den, mad-en, madenMA'IDEN, n. man, and also mageth; Dut. MA'IDEN, v. Maged, maegd. Skinner deMAIDENHEAD, or rives from the Goth. and MA'IDENHOOD. A. S. Mag-an, posse, q. d. MA'IDENLY, adj. viripotens. (Vir-go, see MA'IDENLY, ad. VIRGIN.) Junius is struck MA'IDHOOD. by the manifest affinity between the Goth. Magath, and the Gr. Meyebos, greatness, dignity, majesty; and enlarges upon the dignity and majesty which has been attributed to a state of pure virginity or maidenhood. But it is remarkable that the A. S. Mag, maga, was a name applied to a father and to a son, and in general to relations and kindred. Maid is in old authors written, as in the extracts from R. Brunne, Chaucer, and Gower, maie: thus following the same course of corruption as the verb mag, (i. e. may,) and probably derived from it. (See MAN.) The word is applied to A female child; to a female who has preserved her chastity; a virgin; to a female servant. Maiden, adj.-pure, unsullied, unstained, unpolluted; unsullied by use or abuse, untouched, untaken; unspotted, unused. Maiden. Warton says, "Surrey speaks loosely and poetically in making the maiden tower, the residence of the women. The maiden-tower was common in other castles, and means the principal tower, i. e. the tower of the greatest strength and defence." He produces several instances of this use of maiden, and asserts it to be a corruption of the old Fr. Magne, or mayne, great. The principal tower was also named the master-tower. MASTER. See Is it a tyme to receaue silver, & receaue garments, oliue trees, vyne yards, oxen, shepe, menseruants, and mayde seruants?-Bible, 1551. 4 Kings, c. 5. She found at last, by very certain signes And speaking markes of passed monuments, Bp. Hall, b. iii. Sat. 3. Id. 1 Pt. Hen. VI. Act iv. sc. 6. Is there not charmes Dryden. Theodore & Honoria. Behold MAJESTY. MAJESTICKNESS. Glover. The Athenaid, b. vi. Fr. Majesté; It. Maestà, magestà; Sp. Maistad, magestad; Lat. Majestas, from the old majus, i. e. magnus, great. See MAGNIFY. Greatness, grandeur ;action or conduct suiting greatness of station, bespeaking greatness of mind: worthy of greatness; a dignified stateliness or R. Gloucester, p. 13. loftiness. See the quotations from Elyot and Clarke. Mr. Nares suggests a different origin: that the tower was so called because never touched or taken; and Beauvais, he adds, on the Oise, is for that reason named La Pucelle. And, in confirmation of this, see the quotation from Hall. And this mayde y spoused was of so riche blode. And somme to lese here maidenhed, wyues for to be. Id. p. 95. The name or title by which persons of the rank of kings and queens are addressed. Whanne mannes sone schal come in his maieste, and alle And God that siteth hie in magestee And hadde lyued with hir housbond sevene yeer fro hir greatte authoritie, the fountayne of all excellent manners is maydenhod.-Id. Ib. Thou glory of womanhed, thou faire may. Chaucer. The Man of Lawes Tale, v. 5271. But truely Creseide sweet maie, Id. Troilus & Creseide, b. v. I redy how whilom was a maide There came Neptunus And in his herte suche plesance That all his herte aros on high.-Gower. Con. A. b. v. She wolde hym prey, That forty daies of respite He wolde hir graunt, vpon this plight, Id. Ib. b. iv. The large grene courtes where we were wont to hove, Surrey. Prisoner in Windsour. I cannot too much prayse your treuth and fidelite to your souereigne Lord the Kynge of Fraunce, considerynge how manfully you haue defended this Cytee [Tournay] sythe the beginnynge of this siege, but alas, although it be wrytten on the gates, grauen in stone, Iammes ton ne a perdeu ton pucellage, that is to say, thou haste neuer lost thy maidenhed; yet yf thys Cytee had not ben well furnished and euer at the day appoyncted suer of restreue, it could not haue contynued.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 5. Lyke to Aryna maydenly of porte. In a gouernour or man, hauing in the publike weale some maiestie, whiche is the holle proportion and fygure of noble estate, and is proprelye a beautie or comelynesse in his countenance, langage, and gesture, apt to his dignite, and accommodate to tyme, place, and company. Sir T. Elyot. The Governor, b. ii. c. 2. The king our master hath a purpose and determination, A crown of such majestic towers doth grace Denham. Cooper's Hill. Such a serene, soft, rigorous, pleasing, fierce, the supereminent glory and majesty of God. It sets forth A lady of a more majestic mien; Id. Virgil. Eneis, b. x. The expression is so majestic, yet familiarized with such easy simplicity, that the more we read and study these writings with pious dispositions and judicious attention, the more we shall see and feel of the hand of God in them. Secker, vol. v. Ser 6. MAIEUTICAL. Gr. MateVTIKOS, obstetricius. Cudworth uses this Græcism. See OBSTETRI CIOUS. MAIL, n. Fr. Maille; It. Maglia; Sp.Malla; MAIL, v. tunica ferrea reticulata, (says Skinner,) from the Fr. Maille, macula retis, from its manifest resemblance to the meshes of a net; and to the same effect, Menage. Mail, then, is strictly The mesh, singly; but applied to the coat Shal perce his brest.-Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale, v. 9078. No more his herte than his male Gower. Con. A. b. iv. Ne plate, ne male, could ward so mighty throwes, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 5. Shakespeare. Troyl. & Cress. Act iii. sc. 3. Drayton. The Barons' Wars, b. ii. Hoole. Orlando Furioso, b. xlv Mickle. The Lusiad, b. i. MAIL, or Fr. Male; Sp. Maleta; Dut. MALE. Maele. Menage forms it thus from the Lat. Mantica, a bag. Mantica, diminutive manticula, manta, malla. It is not improbably the same word as the preceding, applied to a bag instead of a vesture, and for the same reason, because made of net-work, as those which anglers use still are, and as the modern reticule also is. It is applied not only to The bag; but that which conveys, (boy, carCartwright. To the Countess of Carlisle.riage, &c.) or by which it is conveyed. If I were ever to fall in love again (which is a great If thou do'st it halfe so grauely so majestically, both in In the earth of the house of my majestatick presence. This phrase, the majesty, used thus absolutely and inde- Inglond, Scotlond & Wales, Ireland therto was laid, Chaucer. The Milleres Prologue, v. 3117. Id. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,853. This day [May 20, 1709] a mail arrived from Holland, by which there are advices from Paris, That the kingdom of France is in the utmost misery and distraction. Tatler, No. 18. (3.) By the 5 Geo. III. c. 25. and 7 Geo. III. c. 50. if any person shall rob any mail, in which letters are sent by the pest, of any letter, packet, bag, or mail of letters, such aders shall be guilty of felony, without benefit of clergy. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 17. MAIM,. Skinner says, perhaps from the Fr. Maymis, mutilated, mehaing, mutilation, mehaigner, to mutilate, all from the Lat. Mancus. And Menage, the MA'YMING, n. Fr. Mehaigner; It. Magagnare, from Fr. Mancer, It. Mancare, and this from manBut Junius thinks it is clearly formed from the reduplication of mai, in maimaitun, abscindebant; from Goth. Maitan, to cut off, to amputate. To wound, so as to disfigure the appearance of, er disable from the use of; to lame by mutilation; to mutilate. Maim, noun,— Mutilation, defect, injury, or mischief,-in some essential particular. For the legal acceptation of main, or mayhem, see the quotation from Black Away fro trouth it doth so varie Sieke hertes with couetise.-Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose. And destroy as that sect hath done many a good religious bae spoyled, meyhemed, & slaine many a good vertuous a robbed, polluted, and pulled downe manye a goodly Church of Christ.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 277. But my late maymed limbs lack wonted might To doo their kindly services, as needeth. Spenser. Mother Hubberd's Tale. I am to crane pardon for that I rather leaue it out altoether, then presume to doe it maymedly. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 614. Mar. If we believe, and you prove recreant, Livia, Think what a maim you give the noble cause Te now stand up for. Beaum. & Fletch. The Tamer Tamed, Act ii. sc. 2. was Lucullus' imperfection and maim, either by are or frowardness of fortune, that he lacked the chiefest a general should have, which was, to be beloved of his ers-North. Plutarch, p. 442. Preedom from all defects and imperfections, diseases, and Csempers, infirmities and deformities, maimedness and monstrous shapes. Bolton. Last and Learned Work, (1633,) p. 129. T'ambitious and the covetous desire More than their worth deserves, or wants require : By the antient law of England he that maimed any man, A man's limbs (by which for the present we only underthose members which may be useful to him in fight, and the loss of which alone amounts to mayhem by the comare also the gift of the wise Creator to enable him protect himself from external injuries in a state of nature. Id. Ib. b. i. c. 1. this from Lat. Magn-us; (which is itself from Forceful, powerful, mighty; and, consequen- Force, power, might, and, consequentially, the Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 8. Whiles his false broker lieth in the wind, Bp. Hall, b. iv. Sat. 5. Beaum. & Fletch. The Mad Lover, Act iii. sc. 1. Shakespeare. Winter's Tale, Act iii. sc. 3. Their mightie puissance in mainrent, lands, and great possessions at length was (through suspicion conceiued by the kings that succeeded) the cause in part of their ruinous decay.-Holinshed. Historie of Scotland, an. 1308. Damn'd Pisanio, Hath with his forged letters (damn'd Pisanio) Till from their main-top joyful news they hear. Dryden. Annus Mirabilis. MAIN, (at Cards,) lit. a hand; (Fr. Main; Lat. good, the prize in hand, in possession. Were it good to set the exact wealth of all our states Al at one cast! To set so rich a mayne On the nice hazard of one doubtfull houre, were not good. Shakes. 1 Pt. Hen. IV. Act iv. sc. 1. 14 pass our tedious hours away, We throw a merry main; Greise at serious ombre play. MAIN, adj. MAIN, MAINLY. Dorset. Song written at Sea, 1665. in a few minute particulars of no moment. Porteus, vol. i. Lect. 2. MA/INOUR. See the quotations. Main, with all his might and main-from the A. S. Magen, force, power, from the A. S. verb, Mom, posse, to may, or be able. The adj. immediate pursuit after the act is done. er derives from the Fr. Magne, great; and All offenders against vert and venison: who may be attached by their bodies, if taken with the mainour, (or mainoeuvre, a manu,) that is, in the very act of killing venison or stealing wood, or preparing so to do, or by fresh and Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iii. c. 6. A thief taken with the mainour, that is with the thing stolen upon him in manu, might, when so detected flagrante delicto, be brought into court, arraigned, and tried, without indictment.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 23. MAINPRISE.) From the Fr. Main, the MA'INPERNOUR. hand, and prise, captus, from prendere, capere, to take, q. d. manu-captio. See the quotations from Blackstone. Yf he may amendes do. let maynpryse hym have. And whilest he yet remained in Mounster, he deuised waies how to haue the earle of Desmond apprehended: which being brought to passe, he afterward deliuered him vpon mainprise of these suerties whose names ensue. Holinshed. Ireland, an. 1343. And because he made default, the lord iustice verelie tooke the aduantage of the bond against the mainpernours. Id. Ib. He therefore, judging it below him And mainprize for him to the gaol.-Hudibras, pt. iii. c. 1. I. The writ of main-prize, manucaptio, is a writ directed to the sheriff (either generally, when any man is imprisoned for a bailable offence, and bail hath been refused, or specially, when the offence or cause of commitment is not properly bailable below,) commanding him to take sureties for the prisoner's appearance; usually called mainperners, and to set him at large.-Blackstone. Comment. b. iii. c. 8. MAINTAIN, v. Fr. Maintenir; It. Man- R. Brunne, p. 60. O ye traitours and maintainers of madnesse, Id. The Lamentation of Mary Magdalen. Id. Dreame. She had so stedfast countenaunce, Gower. Con. A. b. i. We must haue a schole to teache God's worde in (though it needed not to bee so costly) and therefore it is lawfull to vow vnto the building or maintenace therof, & vnto the helping of all good workes.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 20. In the later end of thys yere came the thyrde cappe of maynlenaunce from the pope.-Fabyan, vol. i. an. 1506. The xix daye of May was receyued into London a capp of mayntenaunce and a swerde sent from Pope July, with a great compaignye of nobles and gentlemen which was presented to the kyng on the Sonday then next ensuyng with great solempnytie in the Cathedrall church of Sainct Paul. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 6. When Bedford (who our only hold maintain'd) Spenser. Epistle to Master Harvey, signed E. K. Barrow. Of the Pope's Supremacy |