། in re To muck is to cover with, to spread over with Muck is applied, (met.) to dirt, rubbish, dross, For he was grutchende euermore, There was with hym none other fare, But for to pinche, and for to spare, Of worldes mucke to gette encres.-Gower. Con. A. b. v But if he gather'd roote amongst his feeres, And light on lande that was well muckte in deede, Then stands it still, or leaues increase of seede. der Gascoigne. Gardenings. Who so gladly halseth the golden meane, Voide of daungers advis'dly hath his home Surrey. Praise of Meane and Constan Estate. But minds of mortall men are muckell mard On Dr. Corbet's Marriage, (from Wit Restor'd, 1658.) But all his mind is set on mucky pelfe. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 9. Oh Mediocrity Thou priceless jewell, only mean men have But cannot value; like the precious jem Beaum. & Fletch. The Queen of Corinth, Act iii. sc. 1. Each muck-worme will be rich with lawless gaine, Ab! Gaffer Pestel, what brave days were those Me humbler lot!) let blameless bliss engage, Cooper. The Tomb of Shakespeare. MUCK. “I have learned," says Malone, “that G-mocca, or a-muck (for so the word should be written) is used in the Malay language adverbially, as one word, and signifies, if we may so write, dingly."Malone. Additional Note to Dryden. He Lucian] ran a muck, and laid about him on all sides, ith more fury on the Heathens, whose religion he prosed; he struck at ours but casually, as it came in his way, rather than sought it-Dryden. Life of Lucian. Satire's my weapon, but I'm too discrete To run amuck and tilt at all I meet. Pope. Horace, b. ii. Sat. 1. MUCKER, v. A. S. Mucg, muga, a heap. MECKERER. (See MUCH, and MORE.) Chaucer renders the Lat. Coacervare, to mucker; and the It. has Ammuchiare, mucchiare, mocchiare, to heap up, to accumulate. Scot. Mochre, (see Jamieson.) Led, trowe ye that a coveitous wretch, That blameth love, and halte of it dispite, That of tho pens that he can muckre and ketch As is in love. Chaucer. Troil. & Cres. b. iii. beter renome to theim that dispenden it, than to thilke Certes, that gold and that money shineth, and yeueth ke that mockeren, for auarice maketh alwaie muckerers to ben hated, and largesse maketh folke dere of renome. Id. Boecius, b. ii. But as some as thy backe is turned fro the preacher, thou ext on with al thy forcasting studies, to muckre vp Jes-Udal. James, c. 1. MUCOUS. See MUCILAGE. Its food being flies and such as suddenly escape, it hath the tongue a mucous and slimy extremity, where by upon a sadden emission it inviscates and tangleth those insects. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 21. Lat. Mucro, a point; Gr. MICRO. True it is that the mucro or point thereof inclineth unto Ce le-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 2. Gems are here shot into cubes consisting of six sides and ated or terminating in a point.-Woodward. VOL. II. MUD, v. MUD, n. MU'DDLE, v. MUDDY, V. MUDDY, adj. MU'DDILY. MU'DDINESS. Dut. Modder; Ger. Moder; Sw. Modd. The A. S. Mic-jan is also written Mi-han, to wet; - whence mud will be regularly formed, and (as the Lat. Lutum) will mean, (any thing, soil, earth, &c.) wetted. To mud, To cover with, to bedaub with mud; and, consequentially, to bedaub, to pollute, to defile; to And muddy,turmoil, to disturb. Foul, turbid; thick, dull. Call back the bloud that made our stream in nearness, 'Tis too much mudded; I do grieve to know it. Beaum. & Fletch. The Woman Hater, Act v. sc. 3. Partly that she may the better, by this closeness, preserve her own natural taste and vigour from the corruptions of the world; and partly, that she may not be defiled and mudded by the prophane feet of the world. Bp. Hall. Hard Texts. Song of Solomon, iv. 12. She runs her silver front into the muddy fen. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 25. Dol. You muddie rascall, is that all the comfort you giue me?-Shakespeare. 2 Pt. Hen. IV. Act ii, sc. 1. The people muddied, Thicke and vnwholsome in their thoughts, and whispers For good Polonius' death; and we haue done but greenly In hugger mugger to interre him. Id. Hamlet, Act iv. sc. 5. It seems a very wilde leap of nature, that the soul of man, from being so deeply and muddily immersed into matter as to keep company with beasts, by vitall union with gross flesh and bones, should so on a suddain be changed. He brought with him diuers things, which he ment to present her, with his own hands, that is to say, a partlet, a mufler, a cup, and other things.-Stow. Hen. VIII. an. 1539. A philosopher that says, That which supports accidents is something he knows not what; and a country-man that says, The foundation of the great church at Harleam is supported by something he knows not what, and a child that stands in the dark upon his mother's muff, and says he stands upon something he knows not what, in this respect talk all three alike.-Locke. Letter to the Bishop of Worcester. Her fur is destin'd still her charms to deck, Pitt. The Fable of the Young Man and his Cat. When the malefactour comes once to be muffled and the fatal cloth drawn over his eyes, we know that he is not far from his execution.-South, vol. i. Ser. 12. Balbutius muffled in his sable cloak, Like an old druid from his hollow oak, MUG. Young. Love of Fame, Sat. 3. More. Immortality of the Soul, b. iii. c. 1. The country about Phere was thick set with trees, and otherwise full of gardens and mud-walls. It soon ended in a secret lamentation, that the fountains of every thing praise-worthy in these realms, the uni-: versities, should be so muddied with a false sense of this virtue as to produce men capable of being so abused. Spectator, No. 484. I say, had all this globe been mire or mud, then could there have been no possibility for any animals at all to have lived, excepting some few, and those very dull and inferior ones too.-Ray. On the Creation, pt. ii. already mudded by so many contentious enquiries. He never muddles in the dirt Swift. Dick's Variety. If none invite you, sir, abroad to roam, Pitt. Dialogue between a Poet and his Servant. The muddy beverage to serene, and drive The purest water issuing from the fountain, when it slides into a dirty and muddy kennel, immediately loses its clearness and virginity, and becomes as filthy as the place in which it runs.-South, vol. ix. Ser. 1. The mud-fed carp refines amid the springs. Armstrong. An Epistle to John Wilks, Esq. Dut. Mof, moffle; Ger. Muff, muffel; Fr. Moufle; Low. Lat. Muffula; (manium infula? See Cotgrave interprets Fr. Mufle," the snout or muzzle," the lower part of Menage and Wachter.) the head of some animals. To muffle is thus applied, To cover or envelope (e. g. the hand), so as to impede, embarrass, or prevent the action of the distinct parts; to cover, to enfold or wrap up; (so as to conceal from view, or protect from weather.) As though our eyes were muffled with a cloude. Gascoigne. Chorusses from Jocasta, Act iii. And ye leper in whome the plage is shall haue his clothes ret and his hed and his mouth moffeld, and shal be called vncleane.-Bible, 1551. Leuiticus, c. 13. And rings and mufflers.-Geneva Bible, 1561. Isa. iii. 21. Would should be kept by thee or me, 1321 He has the confidence to say, that there is a mug-house near Long Acre, where you may every evening hear an exact account of distresses of this kind.-Tatler, No. 180. At other times the circling mug, Like Lethe's draught, or opiate drug, Lloyd. A Familiar Epistle to a Friend. Get a ride as soon as weather serves. Deuced muggy still An Italian winter is a sad thing, but all the other seasons. are charming.-Lord Byron. Diary, Jan. 6, 1831. sound. From mugiens, pres. part. of mugire, to low or bellow. 4. That a bittor maketh that mugient noyse, or as we term it bumping, by putting its bill into a reed as most believe, or as Bellonius and Aldrovandus conceive, by putting the same in water or mud, and after a while retaining the ayr but suddenly excluding it again, is not so easily made out. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 27. Whether the large perforations of the extremities of the weazon, in the abdomen, admitting large quantity of ayr within the cavity of its membranes, as it doth in frogs, may not much assist this mugiency or boation, may also be con And ouer the olyue trees and mulbery trees that were in the valeyes was Baal Hanan the Gadarit. Bible, 1551. 1 Chronicles, c. 27. In the 5th year, he gave order for planting of mulberrytrees, and breeding of silk worms, that England might be a country, as well of silk as cloth.-Baker. K. James. MULCT, v. MULCT, n. MU'LCTUARY. Fr. Multer; It. Multare; Sp. Multar; Lat. Multare, to amerce. Vossius quarrels with the etymology of Varro, and with good reason, but has no better to propose. To amerce, to impose, to exact an amercement, fine, or penalty. How many poore creatures hast thou mulcted with death Suckling. To his Rival. for thine own pleasure.-Bp. Hall, A Meditation on Death. For the offence, a mulct imposed on the possessors of Blackmore (called white-hart silver) is to this day paid into the exchequer.-Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 2. Selden. Illust. A mulct thy poverty could never pay, Dryden. Religio Laici. The last common branch of the king's revenue, consisted of forfeitures, both of lands and goods, in cases of treason; and fines, or some known mulctuary punishments upon other crimes which were distinctly prescribed in the Saxon laws even for manslaughter and murder itself. Sir W. Temple. Introd. to the Hist. of England. MULE. Formerly also written Moyl MULETE'ER. Fr. Mule, mulet; It. Mulo; Sp. MU'LISH. Mulo; Lat. Mulus. Vossius suggests four several etymologies. One, the Gr. Moλos, labour, he supports by a reference to Pliny. See the quotation from Holland. The mule is a cross breed from the horse and ass; and the word is applied to other productions out of their specific course. Mulish, (met.)-stubborn, obstinate. - & myd so gret charge therto Of mules, of cartis and of horse.-R. Gloucester, p. 189. Foorth with a fewe rode this queene.-Gower. Con. A. b.ii. This is right the old embleme of the moyle cropping of thistles.-Beaum. & Fletch. The Scornful Lady, Act ii. sc. 1. Ever after they made a proverb of it and called such as were painfull and willing to do that which they were commanded without grudging Marius moils. North. Plutarch, p. 354. Friday the third day of May, his lordship being amply furnished all at the king's cost with coaches, litters, mules, mulets and all other necessaries.-Stow. James, an. 1604. Between the hee asse and a mare is a mule engendred, and foled in the twelfth moneth: a beast of exceeding strength to beare out all labour and travell. Holland. Plinie, b. viii. c. 44. Talb. Base muleteers of France, Like pesant foot-boys doe they keep the walls And dare not take up armes, like gentlemen. Shakespeare. 1 Pt. Hen. VI. Act iii. sc. 2. Then from the ships proceeds A train of oxen, mules, and stately steeds, Vases and tripods (for the funeral games.) Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xxiii. For Idæus directed the mulish machine The mullok on an hepe ysweped was Gower, Con. A. b. v. MULLIGRUBS seems to have an application somewhat similar to that of Maw-worm, viz. to some unknown disease in the bowels, for which word will then be easily accounted for; and as to fanciful causes are assigned: the latter part of the the first, Dr. Jamieson is too learned. Thom. What's the matter? Whether go all these men-menders? these physicians? Whose dog lies sick o' th' mulligrubs? Beaum. & Fletch. Monsieur Thomas, Act ii. sc. 2. MULTIFARIOUS. Į Lat. Multifarius, from MULTIFA'RIOUSLY. multum, and fari, quod multis modis est fari; sic Græcis TоAupаTOS, a paval, fari; deinde non sermonis tantum, sed et aliis varietatibus dicitur, (Martinius.) Generally, Various, or having many variations; diversified. When a man acts with a multifarious intention he must needs be distracted in his operations, and the force of his faculties being divided by the multiplicity of his aims. must needs be so weakened, that 'twill be impossible for him to pursue any one of them with vigour and activity. Scott. Christian Life, pt. i. c. 4. The beauteous lake, The pines wide-branching, falls of water clear, The multifarious glow on Flora's lap Lose all attraction. The generic words which abound in language assort, and (if I may use the expression) pack up under a comparatively small number of comprehensive terms, the multifarious objects of human knowledge. Glover. Leonidas, b. iv. Stewart. The Human Mind, vol. ii. c. 2. s. 2. MULTIFIDOUS. Lat. Multifidus, in multis partibus fissus, from findere, to cleave. Cleft, or divided into many parts. Thus much we may observe, those animals are only excluded without sight, which are multiparous and multifidous, that is, which have many at a litter, and have also their feet divided into many portions. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 27. MULTIFORM. Į Lat. Multiformis (multus, MULTIFORMITY. and forma, a frame, or Byrom. To George Lloyd, Esq. Ep. 3. shape.) The creature is so sure to kick and bite, Having many forms or shapes, many appearances; various, or divers, in form, shape, or ap Cowper. Progress of Errour. pearance. -born in wedlock, (Lat. Mulier.) The Ladies of Rhodes Haue made their petition to Cupid As one prejudicial to their muliebrity. } Soliman & Perseda, (1599.) If the said lands should according to the queens lawes descend to the right heire, then in right it ought to descend to him, as next heire being mulierlie borne; and the other not so borne.-Holinshed. Chron. of Ireland, an. 1558. Vinum mollitum; i. e. rendered milder by admixture of sugar, and having its spirit subdued by warmth. It is probably from the A. S. Milescian, mitescere. Hanmer (on Shakespeare) says, softened, and dispirited as wine is when burnt and sweetened. Lat. Mollitus. MULL, v. MULSH, V. MULSH, n. Mulsh, which Ray calls straw half rotten, is from the same source; to mulsh the roots of trees, is to lay about them straw or other litter, softened or saturated with water; also to soften or saturate the earth itself. Peace is a very apoplexy, lethargie, mull'd, deafe, sleepe, insensible, a getter of more bastard children then warres a destroyer of men.-Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act iv. sc. 5. Now we trudg'd homeward to her mother's farm To drink new cyder mull'd with ginger warm. Gay. The Shepheard's Week, Past. 5. While gen'rous white-wine, mull'd with ginger warm, Safely protects her inward frame from harm. MULL, n. MULLOCK. dung, rubbish. Jenyns. The Art of Dancing, c. 2. Ray, (North Country Words,)Mullock, dirt, rubbish. Tyrwhitt, See MULL, ante. Air, and ye Elements the eldest birth And nourish all things.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. v. How prophane are others? barking out a multiformity of oathes like hellish Cerberi, as if men could not be gallants, unlesse they turned devils. Purchas. His Pilgrimage. To the Reader. From that most one God flowes multiformity of effects, and from that eternall God temporall effects. Bp. Hall. Noah's Dove. That the πολυποίκιλος σοφία, the manifold or multiform wisedom of the Creatour might be displayed, acknowledged, and celebrated.-Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 11. You have seen, that, by virtue of that peculiar structure which brings them under these rules of interpretation, the most multiform of the scripture prophesies do equally with the most simple afford a positive evidence of God's providential government of the world.-Bp. Horsley, vol. ii. Ser. 18. MULTIPAROUS. Bearing, or bringing forth, (Lat. Parere,) many-at a litter. See MULTI Multiplication, (as in Chaucer, Gower, and Stow,)-is applied, to the making of gold and silver. That God for hus grace. goure grayn multeplie. Here is a mitaine eke, that we may see: Chaucer. The Pardoneres Tale, v. 12,308. Id. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16,305. And thus though that he multiplie It maketh multiplication Gower. Con. A. b. v. Id. Ib. b. iv. Some things do through our judgment pass As through a multiplying-glass.-Cowley. Ode. Of Wit. Those substances which are whole in the whole are by his own doctrine neither divisible nor multiplicable, and how then can Christ's body be supposed to be multiplicable (for there are no other words to express my meaning, though no words can speak sense according to their doctrine, words not signifying here as every where else, and among them as they did always in all mankind) how can it, I say, be mulliplied by the breaking of the wafer or bread upon the account of the likeness of it to a substance that cannot be broken, or if it could, yet were not mullipliable? Bp. Taylor. Of the Real Presence, s. 11. They [the purveyors] are the only multipliers in the world; they have the art of multiplication. Bacon. A Speech touching Purveyors. Therefore the multiplying of nobilitie, and other degrees of qualitie, in an over proportion, to the common people, doth speedily bring a state to necessity.-Id. Ess. Seditions. Good deeds are very fruitfull; and not so much of their nature, as of God's blessing multipliable. Bp. Hall. Meditations & Vows, Cent. 3. Item, you commaunded multiplication and alcumistrie to bee practised, thereby to abait the king's coine. Stow. Edw. VI. an. 1549. For properly the animal [Amphisbæna] is not one, but of principal parts.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 15. multiplicious or many, which hath a duplicity or gemination For the seed conveyeth with it not only the extract and single idea of every part, whereby it transmits their perfections and infirmities; but double and over again; whereby sometimes it multipliciously delineates the same as in twins, in mixed and numerous generations.-Id. Ib. b. vii. c. 2. To see the multiplicity of books That pester it, may well believe the press, Sick of a surfeit. Drayton. The Moon-Calf. Echo with their sorrow sports; From hill to hill from grove to grove she bounds, And catches, breaks, and multiplies the sounds. Lewis. Statius. Thebaid, b. vi. There is another thing considerable in this multiplicate number of the eye; and that is, that the object seen is not multiplied as well as the organ, but appears but one, though seen with two or more eyes. Derham. Physico-Theology, b. iv. c. 2. This sense [smelling] I shall dispatch in less compass than the two last, because its apparatus, although sufficiently grand and admirable, (yet) is not so multiplicious as of the eye or ear.-Id. Ib. b. iv. c. 4. Moreover, as the manifold variation of the parts, so the multiplicity of the use of each part, is very wonderful. Grew. Cosmo. Sacra, b. i. c. 5. In the fecundity of the human, as of every other species of animals, nature has provided for an indefinite multiplication.-Paley. Moral Philosophy, b. vi. c. 11. MULTIPOTENT. Lat. Multipotens, multum, much, and potens, powerful. Having much power. By Joue multipotent, Thou shouldst not beare from me a Greekish member MULTIPRESENCE. Multum, much, and præsens, present, or being before. A being before (sc. sensible) in many places at once. I would that exploded opinion of Transsubstantiation, and Lat. Multiplicare, multipli- (which is the root of it) the multi-presence of Christ's body, cem facere; to render ma- did not utterly overthrow the truth of his humanity. nifold, multiplex, multis plicis constans, consisting of many folds. Bp. Hall. No Peace with Rome, s. 25. MULTITUDE. Į Fr. Multitude; It. MultiMULTITUDINOUS. tudine; Sp. Multitud; Lat. To increase by many Multitudo. involutions; generally, to increase the number. A great number, a large collection or assembly of individuals; a great many. Daniel. Civil Wars, b. ii. Cleane from my hand? no: this my hand will rather Shakespeare. Macbeth, Act ii. sc. 2. The multitudinous tongue, let them not licke Id. Coriolanus, Act iii. sc. 1. The guilt of the crime lights upon one, but the example of it sways a multitude; especially if the criminal be of any pate or eminence in the world.-South, vol. vi. Ser. 6. First an all-potent all-pervading sound Bade flow the waters-and the waters flow'd, Jones. Hymn to Narayena. Mum, Skinner calls, an interjection indicating sence, because while we pronounce this word we draw the upper to the lower lip, and shut the th: it may be so applied from the silence observed by mummers when playing their tricks, and especially when making them a cloak for thievery. Mome, one who cannot or will not speak; a speechless, senseless, stupid fellow. Thow mygt bet mete ye myst on Malverne hulles But I must tell this tale thus for the nones long Gascoigne. Epitaph upon Capt. Bourchier. Id. The Fruites of Warre. And gaue on me a glum He would make him [the reader] wene he were walking Delaryng her [his natural mother] openly to be a woman pen to carnall affection, and dissolute liuying, which ng if it had beene true (as it was not in deede) euery good naturall childe would haue rather mummed at, than to have blasted abroad, and especially she beyng aliue. Grafton. Rich. III. an. 2. As one with griefe and anguishe over-cum; Bat hanging downe his head did like a mome appeare. Curse net (this mad-man sayd) but sweare That women be vntrew, Their lone is but a mummerie, 2 an April's dew. Warner. Albion's England, b. vii. c 36. This same truth is a naked and open day-light, that doth Couper. Expostulation. MUM. Dut. Momme; Ger. Mumme; which See how the Belgæ, sedulous and stout, To utter an indistinct, an inarticulate sound or “Ne momblisnesse ne sonenesse"-No mumbling Of this mat [matter] ich myghte momely wel longe. And how they were accompanied with mo Mass-momblers, holy-water-swingers. Bale. Yet a Course, &c. fol. 88. Then came the Furies with their bosoms bare, Drayton. The Moon-Calf. Some carry-tale, some please-man, some slight zanie, Shakespeare. Love's Labour Lost, Act v. sc. 2. Gay, Fab. 23. Then he thinks of Parnassus and Helicon streams Byrom. The Poetaster. Tib. You shall grow mummy rascals. Beaum. & Fletch. The Sea Voyage, Act iii. sc. 1. Mummy hath great force in stanching blood; which may be ascribed to the mixture of balms that are glutinous. Bacon. Naturall Historie, § 980. Thy virtues are The spices that embalm thee; thou art far Each marble spoke thy shape, all brass thy name. J. Hall. Poems, (1646,) p. 50. Mummy is one of the useful medicines commended and given by our physicians, for falls and bruises, and in other cases too. Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 451. Yet it were modest, could it but be said, Dryden, Prol. 39. So corrosive is this smoake about the city, that if one would hang up gammons of bacon, beefe or other flesh to fume, and prepare it in the chimnies, as the good housewifes do in the country, where they make use of sweeter fuell, it will so mummifie, drye up, waste and burne it that it suddainly crumbles away, consumes and comes to nothing. Evelyn. Fumifugium, pt. i. Let some soft mummy of a peer, who stains Falconer. The Demagogue. See MUMBLE. To speak, to eat, to move the lips with the mouth nearly closed; consequentially, to Ter. The tailor will run mad upon my life for't. Not out of passion neither (leave your mumping,) Petill. In's cabin, Id. Bonduca, Acti. sc. 2. A saylor's wife had chestnuts in her lappe, Now again, I hear the pit-a-pat of a pretty foot through The pompous wealth renouncing of mondain glory. Skelton. The Boke of three Fooles. The third Foole. Here I give to understand, (If e'er this coffin drive a-land) I, king Pericles, have lost This queen, worth all our mundane coast. Shakespeare. Pericles, Act iii. sc. 1. We must now proceed to give a more full and perfect account of these three several fates, or hypotheses of the mundane system before mentioned, together with the grounds of them.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, 17. The love of mundanity, wherein do indeed reside the vital spirits of the body of sin, the onely subject of the prince of this age's empire. Mountague. Devoute Essayes, pt. i. Treat. 20. s. 1. All our mundanities are not to be assaulted at once, for fer of sensitive natures being subject to too great and sudden desolation and dismayedness. Mountague. Devoute Essayes, Treat. 6. s. 3. It. MUNDIFY, v. The leaves of the wild oliue reduced into a cataplasme, serveth well to cleanse and mundifie where need is. Holland. Plinie, b. xxiii. c. 4. And so doth fire cleanse and purifie bodies, because it consumes the sulphureous parts, which before did make them foul: and therefore refines those bodies which will never be mundified by water.-Brown. Vulg. Err. b. iv. c. 12. The juice both of the braunches and hearbe itself as also of the root, is singular for to scour the jaundice, and all things els which have need of clensing and mundification. Holland. Plinie, b. xxiv. c. 6. The powder of this stone [the calamine] is commended principally in medicines for the eyes, for a gentle mundificative it is, and cleanseth the ulcers and sores incident unto them.-Id. Ib. b. xxxvi. c. 21. Stale butyr that hath been long kept, is mingled in many compositions for by nature it is astringent, emollitive, incarnative, and mundificative.—Id. Ib. b. xxviii. c. 9. MUNICIPAL. Fr. Municipal; It. MuniciMUNICIPALITY. pale; Sp. Municipal; Lat. Municipalis; Municipes, a munere capiendo, sic appellantur; and were thus,-muneris cum populo Romano honorarii participes. Municipalis lex, quæ propria est cujusque municipi. (See Vossius.) (A bye-law. See BYE.) Municipal, as now used, is Of or pertaining to a town or township; to a district of a certain number of towns; and (as by Blackstone extended) to one whole state or nation. The greatest part of this booke is bestowed in the description of the colledges and collegiate houses founded in this cittie, for the professors of the municipall or common law of this land.-G. Buck to Sir Ed. Coke. The Third Universitie. Episcopacy is and hath long been setled in this kingdom, and (as it were) incorporated into it, and enwoven into the municipall laws of this land.-Bp. Hall. The Modest Offer. Municipal law is also "a rule of Civil conduct." This distinguishes municipall law from the natural, or revealed; the former of which is the rule of moral conduct, and the latter not only the rule of moral conduct, but also the rule of faith.-Blackstone. Commentaries, s. 2. Introd. We provide first for the poor, and with a parental solicitude, we have not relegated religion (like something we were ashamed to shew) to obscure municipalities or rustick villages.-Burke. On the French Revolution. MUNIFICENT. MUNIFICENCE. MUNIFICENTLY. MUNIFIC. Fr. Munificence; It. Munificenza; Sp.Munificencia; Lat. Munificentia,-applied to liberality or largess, in muniis faciendis, i. e. in exhibiting the usual public games to the people; and then, generally, toLiberality, generosity, bountifulness. That God doth graciously accept, and munificently recompence our good works even with an incomprehensible glory, wee doubt not.-Bp. Hall. The Old Religion, c. 5. s. 2. Who [King Edward the Sixth] is not to be mentioned, without particular honour, in this house, which acknowledges him for her pious and munificent founder. Atterbury, vol. i. Ser. 2. But our princely guest To thee, munific ever-flaming Love! Blacklock. Hymn to Divine Love. From a thorough conviction of this truth, our munificent benefactor Mr. Viner, having employed above half a century in amassing materials for new modelling and rendering more commodious the rude study of the laws of the land, consigned both the plan and execution of these his publicspirited designs to the wisdom of his parent university. Blackstone. Commentaries, vol. i. s. 1. Introd. The institution of a school of statuary in the house of a young nobleman [the Duke of Richmond] of the first rank rivals the boasted munificence of foreign princes. Walpole. Anecdotes of Painting, vol. i. Pref. MUNITE, v. MUNITION. MUNITING, n. MUNITY. MU'NIMENT. MUNIFICENCE. Fr. Munir, munition; It. Munire, munizione; Sp. Municion; Lat. Munitio, from munire, to enwall, or surround with walls, (muris,) to defend, to fortify. To defend, to fortify, to strengthen, to secure. Muniments, securities, writings, evidences, records, as securities for right or title. By munificence, Spenser means defence or fortification, from munio, and facio: and Warton justly calls it an injudiciously coined word. By protractyng of tyme and longe space Kyng Henry might fortefie & munite all daungerous places and passages w souldiours & men of warre.-Hall. Hen. VII. an. 11. The distroyer is come before thy face, keep thy munition, loke to the way, make [thy] loynes strong increase [thy] strength mightily.-Geneva Bible, 1561. Nahum, ii. 1. The archbishop answered that hee tooke nothing in hand against the king's peace, and he was in armour, & munited with men only for feare of the king whome hee coulde not safely come vnto to speake.-Stow. Hen. IV. an. 1405. This action of our death especially Shows all a man. Here only he is found. With what munition he did fortify His heart.-Daniel. Death of the Earl of Devonshire. Men must be ware, that in the procuring or muniting of religious unity they do not dissolve and deface the lawes of charity and of humane society. Bacon. Ess. Of Unity in Religion. To those I may answer, that I have put up these colours in deed, that those vessels I would speak with, might not fly from piety at first sight, as from an enemy to pleasure, that speaking with them, I might shew them how devotion coming and possessing our minds, doth rather compose the munity, then infringe the true liberty of our affections. Mountague. Devoute Essayes, pt. i. Treat. 4. s. 2. Upon a day, as she him sate beside, By chance he certain miniments forth drew, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 8. I [do] confess a Beaumont's book to be B. Jonson. On the Poems of Sir John Beaumont. The defenced city shall be desolate: no defence or munition can keep out a judgment, when commissioned by God to enter.-Id. vol. viii. Ser. 5. MURDER, or MURTHER, V. MURTHER, n. MU'RTHERER. MU'RTHERESS. MURTHERING, n. MU'RTHEROUS. MURDERMENT. A. S. Myrthrian; Goth. Maurthrjan; Ger. Morden; Dut. Moorden; Sw. Moerda; Fr. Meurtrir. It is Tooke's opinion that the noun Murther is the A. S. Morthe, the third pers. sing. of the A. S. verb Myrr-an, to mar; (see MORTAL, and MORROW ;) but it seems more probable that the Goth. and A.S. verb Maurthrjan, myrthrian, were formed upon this third person, and the English noun and verb from it. The primitive meaning of the Goth. and A. S. verb is to dissipate, to disperse, to spread abroad, to scatter: and Morthe, quod dissipat, (sub. vitam,) that which dissipates, dissolves, and consequentially destroys life. (See MIRTH.) To murder then is,— To mar, to destroy; to destroy life, to kill, or quell, to put to death. See the quotation from Blackstone. The kynge's brethren, Aurele and Ambrose, Dradde, for here eritage, ymorthred for to be. R. Gloucester, p. 110. More marthre are nas [was not ere] in so lute stounde. Id. p. 559. Suich was the morthre of Einesham (uor bataile non it nas.) Id. p. 560. And ho so morthrerth a goud man me thynketh in myn in wit. He for doth the light that oure lorde loketh to have worshep of. Piers Plouhman, p. 334. O blessful God that art so good and trewe, Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15,057 The Nine Ladies worthy. Imputed to Chaucer The treson of the mordring in the bedde. Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2003 My ladie Dionyse hath bede, Gower. Con. A. b. viii Slain is the mordrer and the mordrice Through very trouth of rightwisnesse.-Id. Ib. The justice of bloude shall flee the murtherer, as sone as he fyndeth hym-Bible, 1551, Numbers, c. 35. With the slaughter and murdermente of howe manye persons, is the seigniourie of some one citie now and then gotten into mennes handes and possession?-Udal. Luke,c.4. Evan. Am I still hated? Hast thou no end, O fate, of my affliction? Beaum. & Fletch. A Wife for a Moneth, Act v. sc. 1. In the end a conspiracie was made for the murthering of him, and by the senators executed. Holinshed. Conquest of Ireland, c. 1. If Phocas be a coward (said the Emperor Mauritius) then is he murtherous.-Ralegh. Hist. of the World, b.v. c. 2. s. 3. The first great disturbance in the world after the fall of man was by a murderer; whom the vengeance of God pursued to that degree, that he professed that his punishment was greater than he could bear, though he himself could not say, that it was greater than he had deserved. South, vol. xi. Ser. 2. He delights to commission his curse to arrest a bloody Ahab, just as he is going to take possession of the price of blood, and to dash out the brains of a murderous Abimelech in the very head of his army.-Id. Ib. Diana's vengeance on the victor shown, Dryden. Palamon & Arcite. The name of murder (as a crime) was anciently applied only to the secret killing of another; (which the word moerda signifies in the Teutonic language;) and it was defined, homicidium quod nullo vidente, nullo sciente, clam perpetratur.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 14. This [amercement] was an ancient usage among the Goths in Sweden and Denmark, who supposed the neighbourhood, unless they produced the murderer, to have perpetrated or at least connived at the murder; and, according to Bracton, was introduced into this kingdom by King Canute, to prevent his countrymen the Danes from being privily murdered by the English.-Id. Ib. Cruel with guilt, and daring with despair, MURE, v. MURAL. MU'RALED. MU'RAGE. MU'RING, n. Johnson. Lonaon. Fr. Murer, muraille; It. Murare, murale; Sp. Murar, mural; Lat. Murus, a wall, muralis. Murus, anciently written marus, is derived by Scaliger and Vossius from Gr. Moipa, pars, rata scilicet cujusque civis pars,-Scaliger; quia quisque pro ratâ parte muros, extruebat, reficiebat, ac tutabatur. To wall or enwall,-to compass or surround with walls; to fortify, to strengthen; to enclose, to shut up. At last, when as he found his force to shrincke, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. II. It is a witty and good observation of Gregory that the prophet prayes, set a door before my lips; a door, not a wall he would not have his tongue mured up for all occasions.-Bp. Hall. Ser. at Hampton, Sept. 1624. Other durst not front the battle of the Macedonians, which was so strongly imbatteled on every side, and so mured in with a wall of pikes, presenting their armed heads break them.-North. Plutarch, p. 213. on every side a man could come, that it was impossible to temple of Minerva called Calciæcos, whither he fled for Agesilaus his [Pausanias] father pursued him into the sanctuary; where he caused the doors of the temple to be mured up with brick, and so famished him to death. Holland. Plutarch, p. 714 Walls are either entire and continual, or intermitted; the entire maring is by writers diversly distinguished. Reliquie Wottonian, p. 19. Dauntless as deities exempt from fate, MURK. See MIRK. MURMUR, v. Fr. Murmurer; It. MormoMURMUR, R. rare; Sp. Murmurar; Lat. MURMURATION.Murmurare; Gr. Mopμupeiv, MURMURER. properly spoken of flowing MURMURING, n. waters, a little roughened. MURMUROUS. Vossius does not think from the verb Mup-e, to flow, but formed from the round, in which opinion he was preceded by Varro nd Quintilian. (See SIBILANT.) And the appiration certainly is To make the noise, to utter the sound of roughly They murmured, as doth a swarme of been, Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,517. Varmer also is oft among servants and grutchen when roveraines bidden hem do leful thinges. Id. The Persones Tale, p. 156. And with that soun he herd a murmuring MURR. Skinner, from Lat. Mori; Min- | cere. The old noun murr, was applied to that which And God on hem sendeth other meschaunce moreyne. Empedocles is of this advice, that together with the respi- This plague of murrein continued twenty-eight yeare ere His cattle must of rot and murren die, dent to cattle; and ends with the description of a fatal I then had plann'd a life From Fr. Morée, morel, Hir name is murmure and compleint, Ther can no man hir chere peint To sette a glad semblant therin.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. But wordes dare I speake none, Wherof she might be displeased: But in myne herte I am diseased With many a murmour, God to wote.-Id. Ib. Make ye no murmuracion. Skelton. The Boke of Colin Clout. Those murmurers against God, as soone as they repented ere healed of their deadly woundes, thorough lookynge on asen serpent onely, without medicine or any other -Tyndall. Workes, p. 14. Great marmoring ther arose in Inglande bitwene the berus and ye kyngs cousell. Berners, Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 6. The silver-sounding instruments did meet Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 12. But as they shewed themselues no lesse than ingrat infide in the behalfe, so the Lord considered their vnthankfull es and gaue them euer since such scarsitie, as the Beatest murmurers haue now the least store. Halinshed. The Description of England, b. iii. c. 8. Bat with his clownish hands their tender wings By long obedience he confest That serving her was to be blest. Te murmurers, let True evince That men are beasts, and dogs have sense! Prior. True's Epitaph. This should silence the proud regrets and murmurings of arts, at the absoluteness of God's decrees and pursfer why may not his decree be as absolute as his e-South, vol. viii. Ser. 9. Band his swoln heart the murmurous fury rolls. Yet Lark, how through the peopled air The busy murmur glows! In the mean time I shall make a shew of some of my Gray. Ode on the Spring. to The chanons of the same chappell in their mantles So stibium or glass of antimony, appears somewhat red in On the other side with a shippe, called the Tryumphe, MURRION See MORION. MUSCADEL. } Fr. Muscadel, muscat; It. Moscatello, so called either from their scent of musk, or because flies (musca) feed eagerly upon them; in confirmation of the latter the Uva Apiana of Pliny are referred to. See Menage and Skinner; and the quotation from Pliny. And at night to banquet with dew (as they say) of all maner of fruits and confections, marmelade, succad, grene ginger, comfeittes, sugar plate, with malmesay and romney burnt with sugar, synamon & cloues, with hastarde, muscadell and ipocrasie.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 229. As touching the muscadell wines, (Apianæ) they tooke that name of bees, which are so much delighted in them, and desirous to settle and feed of them. Holland. Plinie, b. xiv. c. 2. MUSCLE. Fr. Muscle; Sp. Musculo; Lat. who observes that aves was the general denomination of shell-fish, anо Toυ μvew, from their shutting themselves up. Frydays and fastyng dayes ferthyngworth of muscles Were a feste for suche a folk.-Piers Plouhman, p. 152. perle, the most precious, and best that euer toforn came in A muskell in a blewe shell, had enclosed a margarite my sight.-Chaucer. The Testament of Loue, b. i. The mussel often trimm'd Eslif. And here's a chain of whitings' eyes for pearls, MUSCLE. Fr. Muscle; It. Muscolo; Sp. Musculo; Lat. Musculus; Gr. Mus; because it resembles a skinned mouse, or the fish so called. (See Vossius.) More probably from the Greek verb Mue, to cover; because the muscles cover or clothe the bones. Cotgrave calls the Fr. Muscle, the instrument of voluntary motion, compounded of sinews, veins, arteries, tendons, and flesh, and having a skin peculiar to itself. And with fell tooth accustomed to blood, Launched his thigh with so mischievous might That it both bone and muscles ryved quight. Spenser. Astrophel. The tendinous [fibres] are parallel and direct between the two ends of a muscule. And upon these the far greater stress of the muscular action doth depend. Grew. Cosmo. Sacra, b. i. c. 4. s. 14. The guts of a sturgeon, taken out and cut to pieces, will and muscularity.-Id. Museum. still move, which may depend upon their great thickness Yea, and withall, it [the baine or bath] doth mitigate and cause to vanish and passe away the secret lassitudes of the musculous members.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 509. She [Sculpture] saw the head, The uvous coat or iris of the eye hath a musculous power. and can dilate and contract that round hole in it, called the pupil or sight of the eye.-Ray. On the Creation, pt. ii. And therefore almost the whole musculous flesh of the body is bestow'd upon the tail and back, and serves for the vibration of the tail, the heaviness and corpulency of the water, requiring a great force to divide it.-Id. Ib. pt. i. [Isaac Fuller] understood the anatomic part of Painting, perhaps equal to Michael Angelo, following it so close, that he was very apt to make the muscelling too strong and prominent. Walpole. Anecdotes of Painting, vol. iii. c. 1. This part was very bad, and the colouring of the Saturn too raw, and his figure too muscular.-Id. Ib. Desherite Edward of alle his seignorie, And whanne he hadde seide these thingis iewes wenten out fro him and hadden mych questioun, either musyng operate upon the first summons:- Observer, No. 91. a tenui, quo mures referunt, strepitu. Junius, among hemsilf.-Id. Dedis, č. 28. |