SCOUT, n. Fr. Escoute, a spie, eaves dropScout, v. per, prying companion: also a scout, scout-watch, or sentinel: the discoverer, or forerunner of an army, (Cotgrave.) Skinner derives from Escouter (auscultare,) to listen. Junius gives the Dut. Schowts, speculatores, from Schowen, speculari, and derives from the Greek of the Later Ages EKOVATAι, auscultatores, listeners. Tooke says,--a scout means (subaud. some one, any one) sent out. (used in old Eng. as equivalent to,-thrown, or cast; and is past part. of Scyt-an, to throw, to cast forth, to throw out.) One sent out before an army, to collect intelligence by any means.

To scout, to throw or cast away; to reject; to act as a scout, or as one sent out as a spy; to go out or about as a spy.

To scout, (met.)—to reject, to repel or repulse.

Such was his hap to warre both night and daye, To watche and warde at euery time and tyde, Though foes were farre yet skowted he alwaye.

Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe.

Thus cōtynually they were faine to make watche by their constables in ye feldes, and high wayes about ye courte, and to sende out scout watches a myle of, to se euer if any suche people were commyng to them warde, as they were enfourmed of, to the entent that if theyr scoutwatche hard any noyse, or mouyng of people drawyng to the cite warde, than incontynent they shulde gyue them knowledge. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. 1

The best sort of those,

c. 16.

That woo thy mother, watchfull scouts addresse
Both in the streights of th' Ithacensian seas,
And dusty Samos -Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xv.

Mount. What were those past by?

Roc. Some scout of soldiers, I think.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Knight of Malta, Activ. sc. 2. Whereas his posting scouts, king Henry's power desery'd,

As when from mountain tops the dusky clouds
Ascending, while the north wind sleeps, o'respread
Heav'ns chearful face, the lowring element
Scowls o're the dark'ned lantskip snow, or shoure.
Millon. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

I've seen the morning's lovely ray
Hover o'er the new-born day.
With rosy wings so richly bright,
As if he scorn'd to think of night,
When a ruddy storm, whose scou!
Made heaven's radiant face look foul,
Call'd for an untimely night
To blot the newly-blossom'd light.

Crashaw. The Delights of the Muses.
In rueful gaze

The cattle stand, and on the scowling heavens
Cast a deploring eye, by man forsook,
Who to the crowded cottage hies him fast,
Or seeks the shelter of the downward cave.

Thomson. Summer.

Each letter'd. grave, pedantic dunce
Wakes from his lethargy at once,
Shrugs, shakes his head, and rubs his eyes,
And, being dull, looks wondrous wise,
With solemn phiz, and critic scowl.

Lloyd. To William Hogarth, Esq.
Lower'd the grim morn, in murky dies,
Damp mists involv'd the scowling skies,
And dimm'd the struggling day.-Warton. The Suicide.
SCRABBLE. Dut. Schraepen, schrabben,
schraeffen, schraeffeten,

To scrape, of which word, (scrape,) scrabble is the diminutive, with the mere change of p into b.

And he changed his behaviour before them, and fained him selfe mad in their hands, and scrubled on the doores of the gate, and let his spettel fall downe vpon his beard. Bible. 1 Sam. xxi. 13. Scrag appears to be formed from crag; and in G. Douglas, crabs are called scrabbis. Lye has Hrac-od, laceratus, ragged; the common

SCRAG, n. SCRA'GGED. SCRA'GGY.

With him, that power his pride had lov'd so well,
His monstrous universal empire, fell:
No heir, no just successor left behind,
Eternal wars he to his friends assign'd,
To tear the world, and scramble for mankind.

Rowe. Lucan's Pharsalia, b. x.

But because the desire of money is constantly, almost every where the same, its vent varies very little, but as its greater scarcity enhances its price, and increases the scramble: there being nothing else that does easily supply the want of it.-Locke Of Lowering of Interest.

All the little scrambiers after fame fall upon him.

Addison. To the undiscerning eye of giddy ambition it naturally presents itself, amidst the confused cramble of politics and war, as a very dazzling object to fight for. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. iv. c. 7. SCRA'NNEL. Scrannil, a meagre or lean person, (Gloss. of Lanc. Words.) The word seems connected with, if not the same as cranny, a small chink or fissure: and applied by Milton to pipes, as if not sound or air-tight. And hence,Harsh, shrill, shrieking; sharp, meagre, spare. "And when they list, their lean and flashy songs "Grate on their serannel pipes of wretched straw." Milton. Lycidas. Unlike to living sounds it came,

Unmix'd. unmelodis'd with breath;
But, grinding through some scrannel frame,
Creak'd from the bony lungs of death.

Langhorne. Fables of Flora, Fab. 11. SCRAP, or A scrap (of food) quod a cibo SCRAPE. abrasum. Skinner, part. of the A. S. Screop-an, any thing, something the past scraped off, (Tooke.)

A small, a minute portion.

A poore man shall as soone breake his necke as his fast with them, but of the scraps and wyth the dogges, when dinner is done.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 134

hy'd.

Jun. Take more men, And scout him round.

Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 22.

Beaum. & Fletch. Bonduca, Act iv. sc. 2. See tools of arbitrary sway, And priests, like locusts, scout away Before the western wind-Walsh. Imitation of Horace.

About that time he [Michael Hudson] being esteemed an understanding and sober person and of great fidelity, was made scoutmaster-general to the army in the north parts of England.-Wood. Athene Oxon. vol. ii.

One Sir Wm. Neale, Knight, had been scout-master general to K. Chas. I. and a stout proper man and a good soldier.-Id. Ib.

What causes move us, knowing as we must,
That these menageries all fail their trust,
To send our sons to scout and scamper there,
While colts and puppies cost us so much care?

Cowper. Tirocinium.
When lo so will'd her fate, a numerous band
Of Christian scouts were ambush'd near at hand,
Dispatch'd to impede the passage, o'er the plain,
Of sheep and oxen to the pagan train.

crag, a ragged or broken mass.

Any thing ragged, cleft, cracked or broken: any thing bare, or meagre, spare or lean.

I believe their honest and ingenuous natures coming to the universities to store themselves with good and solid learning, and there unfortunately fed with nothing else but the scragged and thorny lectures of monkish and miserable sophistry, was sent home again with such a scholastical bur in their throats, as hath stopp'd and hinder'd all true and generous philosophy from entring.

Milton. The Reason of Church Government, b. ii. Nor untrembling canst thou see, How from a scraggy rock, whose prominence Half overshades the ocean. Philip. Cider, b. i. The Bashee Island hath one steep scraggy hill, but Goat Island is all flat and very even.

Dampier. Voyages, an. 1687. Such a constitution is easily known by the outward appearances of the body being lean, warm, hairy, scraggy, dry, without a disease, with hard and firm muscles. Arbuthnot. Nature of Aliments, c. 6. SCRA'LLING. Perhaps scrabbling or scram

bling. Hoole. Jerusalem Delivered, b. iv.

SCOWL, n. A. S. Sceol-eag; Ger. Shal, Scowl, v. shiel. Wachter derives from the Gr. Ex-ev, vertere, contorquere, to turn, to twist. Tooke thinks scowl is the past part. of Scyllan, to separate that Sceol-eag are separated eyes, or eyes looking different ways: and he produces this very early usage-" Than scripture scorned me and a skile loked," (Vision of Piers Plouhman, p. 53.)

A scowl, (of the eyes)—is a look or cast of the eyes (with contracted brows) indifferently, sideways or straightforwards: a frowning look of anger or discontent. To scowl, formed upon the noun, is,

To look frowningly, with anger or discontent, gloom or sullenness.

Miso having now her authority increased, came with acouling eyes to deliver a slavering good morrow to the two ladies.-Sidney. Arcadia, b. ii.

But with bent louring browes, as she would threat,
She scould, and frownd with froward countenau ace;
Unworthy of faire ladies comely governaunce.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, ò. ii. c. 2.

Euen so, or with much more contempt, men's eycs
Did scowle on Richard.-Shakes. Rich. II. Act v. sc. 2.

SCRAMBLE, v. SCRAMBLE, n. SCRAMBLER.

}

Let him but attempt to touch the egs, they will shew like yoong scralling pullets without feather or downe. Holinshed. Description of Ireland, c. 4. Scramble, certatim arripere, either from the Dut. Krabbelen, to tear with Dut. Schreffen, rathe nails, or from screop-an ; dere, scalpere, q. d. corradere, to scrape together, In the Lancashire dialect, a striving to catch (Skinner.) In the North it is called a scraffle. things on the hands and knees on the floor is called a scramble, scrabble, or scrattle. Generally,

To strive or struggle, disorderly, indiscriminately; to seize, or get possession of all or any

portion of a common prize.

The cowardly wretch fell down, crying for succour, and, scrambling through the legs of them that were about him. Sidney. Arcadia, b. ii.

Dor. I thank ye, dear friend,

I know she loves him.

Alice. Yes, and will not lose him,
Unless he leap into the moon, believe that,
And then she'l scramble too.

Beaum. & Fletch. Mons. Thomas, Act ii. sc. 1.

I love a souldier, and can lead him on,
And if he fight well, I dare make him drunk ;
This is my vertue, and if this will do,

I'll scramble yet amongst 'em.-Id. Captain, Act ii. sc.1.

He drinkes water, and lives on wort leaves, pulse, like a Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 157. But of a little remnant, got by fraud,

(For all ill turns he lov'd, all good detested, and believ'd no God)

Thrice in a week he chang'd a hoarded groat, With which of beggars' scraps he bought. Otway. Complaint of his Muse. There are no tame animals here [Botany Bay] except dogs, and of these we saw but two or three, which frequently came about the tents, to pick up the scraps and bones that happened to lie scattered near them.

SCRAPE, v. SCRAPE, n. SCRAPER, N. SCRAPING, n. SCRAPINGLY.

Cook. First Voyage, b. ii. c. 5. A. S Screop-an; Dut. Schrabben, schrapen; Ger. Schrappen ; Sw. Skrupa, radere, corradere, scalpere; to rase, to scrub, (qv.)

To draw one thing (usually, something edged, an edged tool or instrument) over the surface in contact with the surface of another thing or substance, (to rub ;) to draw or get together by earnings or savings. Scrape, n. (met.) scraps, by bits or small portions, by parsimonious

A state of diffienity; generally, the effect of heedlessness or mischievousness.

And scrapid the dorr welplich, and wynyd wyth his mowith After a doggis lyden, as ner as he conith.

The Pardonere & Tapstre. And then shall e dooe therein as did a lyke learned and wrote Jesus Christus, because he thought the deuils priest, that through out al the ghospels scraped out diabolus name was not mete to stande in so good a place. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 421.

And bow soon einig may be turned into ewig, not with scrape of knife, but with the least dash of a pen, so that it shall neuer be perceuied, a man that will proue may easely sce. Ascham. Discourse of Germany.

scrapings and blottings out, with other such writings as The abbot of St. Albans sent the book so disfigured with there were found, unto the king.

State Trials. Hen. V. an. 1413. Thereafter all that mucky peife he tooke, The spoile of peoples evil gotten good, The which her sire had scrap't by hooke and crooke, And burning all to ashes pour'd it down the brooke. Spenser Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 2.

The same experience hath taught, that for old olive trees (overgrowne with a kind of mossie skurfe) it is pass ng good, ech other yeare to scrape and claw them well."

Helland. Plinie, b. xvii. c. 18

Yet this inestimable pearle, wil all

Our dunghil chanticheres, but obuious call;
Each moderne scraper, this gem scratching by;
His oate preferring far.

Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xxiv

Unblest with his ill-gotten store,
Th' insatiate youth still craves for more ;
To counsel deaf, t' examples blind,
Scrapes up whatever he can find.

Somervile. The Bald Batchelor. Having laid a pretty quantity of these scrapings together, I found, as I looked for, that the heap they composed was white-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 721.

That live scrapingly and uncharitably, and uselesly to the world, all their lives long, and then when they come to die, think to attone for their sins and neglects of this kind by shewing some extraordinary bounty to the poor, or devoting some part of their estates to public or pious uses? Sharp, vol. i. Ser. 3.

To arrive at this surprising expedition, this musical legerdemain, it is, indeed, necessary to do little else than scrape and pipe.-Knox, Ess. 70.

The too eager pursuit of this his old enemy through thick and thin has led him into many of these scrapes.

Waburton. Divine Legation, b. ii.

SCRAT, i. e. Scratch, (qv.)

Ambitious mind, a world of wealth would haue,
So scrats, and scrapes, for scorfe and scornie drosse.

Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 506.

It is an ordinary thing for women in such cases to scrat the faces, slit the noses of such as they suspect.

Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 610.

SCRAT, n. A. S. Scritta, hermaphroditus; because such being supposed to have a small scrat or scratch, or fissure.

At the same time word was brought out of Vmbria, that there was an hermaphrodite or skrat found, almost twelve yeers old-Holland. Livy, p. 1036.

SCRATCH, v. SCRATCH, n. SCRATCHING, n. Fr. Grater; It. Grattare. SCRATCHINGLY. Chaucer writes—“ cratching of cheeks." See CRATCH.

Dut. Krassen, kratsen, or kretsen ; Ger. Kreetzen;

To make narrow or lineal separations of the surface, by drawing a rough or hard substance over it; to tear the surface, (sc. with the nails, with any thing pointed :) to draw irregular lines; to write irregularly, badly.

The which kind of pleasure, if any man take for his felicity, that man must needs grant that then he shall be in most felicity, if he live that life which is led in continual hunger, thirst, itching, eating, drinking, scratching, and rubbing.-Sir T. More. Utopia, b. ii. c. 7.

Himself, which methinks is strange, shewing at one instant both steadiness and nimbleness; sometimes making him turn close to the ground, like a cat, when scratchingly she wheels about after a mouse.-Sidney. Arcadia, b. ii. "How can I tell, but that his talants may Yet scratch my sonne, or rend his tender hand?" Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 12.

Tho. 'Tis most necessary,
Hang up your julips and your Portugal possets,
Your barley broths, and sorrel saps, they are mangy,
And breed the scratches only.

Beaum. & Fletch. Monsieur Thomas, Act iii. sc. 1.
Can we not leave this worme? or will we not?
Is that the truer excuse? or have we got

In this, and like, an itch of vanitie,
That scratching now's our best felicitie ?

B. Jonson. Epistle to a Friend.

Thou'lt ha' vapours i' thy leg again presently; pray thee go in, it may turn to the scratches else.

Id. Bartholomew Fair.

Thou hast but done what boys or women can;
Such hands may wound, but not incense a man.
Nor boast the scratch thy feeble arrow gave,
A coward's weapon never hurts the brave.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xi.

Black soot, or yellow walnut, shall disgrace
This little red and white of Emma's face.
These nails with scratches shall deform my breast,
Lest by my look or colour be express'd

The mark of aught high-born, or ever better dress'd.
Prior. Henry & Emma.

No skill in swordmanship, however just,
Can be secure agains: a madman's thrust;
And even virtue, so unfairly match'd,
Although immortal, may be prick'd or scratch'd.

Cowper. Charity.

If it were not so common among us we should be astonished to think how a man, by looking upon a few scratches upon paper, according to the shapes in which they

But scorning all these kindes
I would become a cat,

To combat with the creeping mouse

and scratch the screeking rat.-Turberville. The Louer.
The litle babe did loudly serike and squall,
And all the woods with piteous plaints did fill.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 4.
Let screeching owls nest in your razed roofs.
Bp. Hall, b. i. Sat. 9.
for feare, and allaieth the paine which they feele in toothing.
It keepeth them from starting or skriching in their sleep
Holland. Plinie, b. xxviii. c. 19.

Under his cave the buzzing screech-owl sings,
Beating the windows with her fatal wings.
Drayton. The Barons' Wars, b. v.

The birds obscene, that nightly flock'd to taste,
With hollow screeches fled the dire repast;
And ravenous dogs, allur'd by scented blood,
And starving wolves ran howling to the wood.
Pope. Thebais of Statius, b. i.
and having, by a skreek or two, given testimony to the
Others peep forth into the light, as it were only to see it;
misery of this life, presently die and vanish.
Bp. Bull, vol. iii. Ser. 1.

The owl at Freedom's window scream'd
The screech-owi, prophet dire, whose breath
Brings sickness, and whose note is death.

Churchill. The Duellist, b. i.

As soon as learning began to dawn, toward the beginning of the sixteenth century, these birds of night were forced to fly from day, though they screeched and clapped their wings for a while.

Bolingbroke. Ess. Authority in Matters of Religion.

1

From trembling tombs the ghosts of greatness rise,

And o'er their bodies hang with wistful eyes;

Or discontented stalk and mix their howls
With howling wolves, their screams with screaming owls,
Savage. The Wanderer, c. 4.

The famish'd eagle screams, and passes by.

SCREEN, v. SCREEN, or

SKREEN, n.

}

Gray. The Bard.

Fr. Escran, escrene, écrene; Low Lat. Screona, screuna. In some places, the holes or caverns dug in the earth, and covered with heaps of dirt (of which Tacitus speaks as usual among the ancient Germans, Ger. c. 16,) are at this day called Escrenes. See Du Cange, Voss. (de Vit. lib. ii. c. 17,) and Menage. The editor of Menage derives from the Ger. Schrein, arca; and this (Wachter says) is the Low Lat. Screona, also from scrinium. (See SHRINE.) Skinner thinks-from Ger. Schirmen, tegere, protegere, to cover, to protect, to defend.

A screen is any thing that covers, hides, conceals, protects.

He brought our Saviour to the western side
Of that high mountain, whence he might behold
Another plain, long but in bredth not wide,
Wash'd by the southern sea, and on the north
To equal length back'd with a ridge of hills
That screen'd the fruits of th' earth and seats of men
From cold Septentrion blasts.

Milton. Paradise Regained, b. iv.
There, as they entred at the scriene, they saw
Some one, whose tongue was for his trespasse vyle
Nayld to a post, adiudged so by law.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 9.
The whiles the prince hard preased in betweene,
And entraunce wonne: streight th' other fled away,
And ran into the hall, where he did weene
Himselfe to save; but he there slew him at the skreene.
Id. Ib. c. 11.

The trees (as screenlike greatnesse) shades his raye,
As it should shine on none but such as they.

Browne. Britannia's Pastorals b. ii. s. 5. A little within the shoar where we anchored was a town of negroes, natives of this coast. It was skreen'd from our sight by a large grove of trees that grew between them and the shoar.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1683.

Beneath a table, trembling with dismay, Couch'd close to earth, unhappy Medon lay, Wrapp'd in a new-slain ox's ample hide: Swift at the word he cast his screen aside.

Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. xxii.

He therefore timely warn'd himself supplies
Her want of care, screening and keeping warm
The plenteous bloom, that no rough blast may sweep
His garlands from the boughs.-Cowper. Task, b. iii.
Our fathers knew the value of a screen

From sultry suns; and in their shaded walks
And long protracted bow'rs, enjoy'd at noon
The glooin and coolness of declining day.—ld. Ib. b. i.

SCREEN, n. Perhaps, consequentially, from SCREEN, v. screen, supra; which, being sometimes made of twigs at some distance apart, would serve as a sifter. Lat. Secerniculum, from se-cernere. Some say from the Bar. See SECERN.

A skuttle or skreene, to rid soil from the corn. Tusser. Husbandry Furniture. Mixing it with one part of rotten cow-dung, (some prefer time before.-Evelyn. Kalendarium. May.

Where we lay, our chimneys were blowne downe,
And (as they say) lamentings heard i' th' ayre;
Strange schreemes of death.

Shakespeare. Macbeth, Act ii. sc. 3.
Mach. I haue done the deed:
Didst thou not heare a noyse?

Lady. I heard the owl schreame, and the crickets cry. Did not you speake? Id. Ib. Act ii. sc. 2. For soon a whirlwind rose around, And from afar he heard a screaming sound, As of a dame distress'd, who cry'd for aid, And fill'd with loud laments the secret shade. Dryden Theodore & Honoria.

SCREW, v. Į Fr. Escroue; Dut. Schroef; SCREW, n. Ger. Schrawbe. Skinner derives the Fr. from ex, and roue; because it is turned round like a wheel. Wachter, from the Ger. which (he says) is the genuine word, and Germanic in its origin. See the quotation from Wilkins, for a scientific description of the screw. To screw (met.) is,

To twist close, to distort.

To twist close, to pinch hard; to squeeze tight.

No more to what end?
Why should I write this downe, that's riueted,
Screw'd to my memorie.

Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act ii. sc. 2.
With stormes of whistlings then, his flocks he draue
Vp to the mountaines; and occasion gaue

For me to vse my wits; which to their height,

I striu'd to skrew vp.-Chapman. Homer, Odys. b. ix.

The salt rilles also that crosse the same doo so separat the one of them from the other, that they resemble the slope course of the cutting part of a scrue or gimlet, in verie perfect maner, if a man doo imagine himself to looke downe from the top of the mast vpon them.

Holinshed. Description of Britaine, c. 10. Why, suppose I had a delicate screw'd gun, if I left her clean, and found her foul, I should discover, to my cost, she had been shot in.-Dryden. Marriage à la Mode, Act v. sc.1.

That which is usually recited for the sixth and last mechanic faculty, is the screw, which is described to be a kind of wedge that is multiplied, or continued by a helical (spiral] revolution about a cylinder, receiving its motion not from any stroke, but from a vectis at one end of it.

Wilkins. Archimedes, c. 9. If while our backs are turned an unlucky boy screws & piece of deal upon one of the leaves, we do not reckon the chip or the deal a part of the table.

Search. Light of Nature, pt. i. c. 2.

How readily upon the gospel plan,
That question has its answer-What is man?
Sinful and weak, in ev'ry sense a wretch:

An instrument, whose chords upon the stretch,
And strain'd to the last screw that he can bear,
Yield only discord in his Maker's ear.-Cowper, Truth.

SCRIBE. SCRIBBLE, V.

SCRIBBLE, n.

SCRIBBLER.

Fr. Scribe, escrivaine, escrivaillée; It. Scriba; Sp. Escriba; Lat. Scrib-ere. Becan (see Vossius) derives from the SCRIBBLING, N. Dut. Schrabben, (to SCRIBABLE. scrape,) because a line or SCRIBA'CIOUS. stroke in writing is formed by scraping or drawing (sc. a style, a pen) over the surface (of paper, parchment, or other substance). Scribble would then be scrabble, with the mere difference of the vowel. Vossius thinks scrib-ere is manifestly from Gr. Tpap-ev,-y changed into See The origin of all is probably the same. GRAVE. Scribe, a writer; and see the quotation from South.

c.

To scribble,-to write careless, hasty, ill-formed letters; to write carelessly, hastily.

And I seye to you that but your rigtwisnesse be more plentuous thanne of scribis and farisees, ye schul not entre in to the kyngdom of hevenes.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 5.

For I saye vnto you, excepte your ryghteousnes exceade the ryghteousnes of the scrybes and pharyses, ye can not entre into the kingdō of heauē.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

In sooth to say, though all the erth so wanne
Were parchment smooth, white, and scribabell,
And the great sea, that called is the oceane,
Were tourned into ink blacker than sabell,
Euery stick a pen, each man a scriuener abell,
Not coud they write womans trechery,
Beware therfore, the blind eateth many a flie.

Ballad on Woman's Chastity. Imputed to Chaucer. One of the foresayde jj parsonis so condempned, was scrybe to the pope, and that other was donar.

Fabyan. Chronycle, c. 159. Thereat Jove wexeth wroth, and in his spright Did inly grudge, yet did it well conceale; And bade Dan Phoebus scribe her appellation seale.

Spenser. Faerie Queene. Of Mutabilitie, c. 6.

My hasty hand forthwith doth scribble on apace, Least willing hart might thinke, it ment to come behind. Gascoigne. The Louer declareth his Affections, &c. For al ye time betwene his death & the pclamig could scant haue suffised vnto ye bare wryting alone, all had it bene but in paper & scribled forth in hast at aduĕture. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 56. My lowely and myek scribling unto your noble grace at this time is, grudging in my conscience, that the religion which we do observe and keep is no rule of S. Benet, nor yet no commandment of God.

Strype. Eccles. Mem. Hen. VIII. b. i. c. 35.

But soon forgetting what she went about,
Poor queen, she fell to scribling to her lover:
Here she put in, and there she blotted out,
Her passion did so violently move her.

Drayton. Barons' Wars, b. vi.

Lastly, that in my tedious scribble

I may not seem incorrigible,

I will conclude.-Cotton. Epistle to J. Bradshaw, Esq. We have some letters of popes (though not many), for popes were then not very scribacious, or not so pragmatical. Barrow. Of the Pope's Supremacy.

This is the same, (some few alterations being made,) with a fanatical scribble publish'd open and bare-fac'd to the world.-Wood. Athena Oxon. vol. ii.

And Martin Mar-prelate, the Marvel of those times, was the first presbyterian scribbler, who sanctified libels and scurrility to the use of the good old cause. Dryden. Religio Laici, Pref.

SCRIMER.

A. S. Scrimbre, (or scirmbre, a fencer, Verstegan.) A sword player, a master of defence or fencing master, (Somner.) Dut. Scheimer; Fr. Escumeur, from Shirmen, to defend. See SCREEN and SKIRMISH.

The scrimers of their nation, He swore, had neither motion, guard, nor eye, If you oppos'd them.-Shakespeare. Hamlet, Act iv. sc. 7. SCRINE, i. e. Shrine, (qv.) Lat. Scrinium. Anciently, (says Verstegan,) a chest or cofer. Help then, O holy virgin, chiefe of nyne, The weaker novice to perform thy will; Lay forth out of thine everlasting scryne The antique rolles, which there lye hidden still, Of faerie knights-Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. Introd. This man of infinite remembraunce was, And things foregone through many ages held, Which he recorded still as they did pas, Ne suffred them to perish through long eld, As all things els the which this world doth weld; But laid them up in his immortal scrine, Where they for ever incorrupted dweld.-Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 9.

SCRIP.

Sw. Skrappa, skreppa.

SCRIPPAGE. Minshew derives from Scirpus, a rush, whence Scripea, a basket made of rushes. Skinner prefers A. S. Scrape, meet, convenient, May it not befit, q.d. Theca commoda.

A scrap-bag, a small bag or sack for scraps? And he seide to hem, whanne I sente you without sachel and scrippe and schoon, wher ony thing failide to you? And thei seiden nothing.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 22.

And he said vnto them: when I sent you wythout wallet and scryppe & shoes: lacked ye any thyng? And they said, no.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

Whan folk in chirche had yeve him what hem lest,
He went his way, no longer wold he rest,
With scrippe and tipped staf, ytucked hie.

Chaucer. The Sompnoures Tale, v. 7316.
This house in all times
Was full of shipmen and pilgrimes,
With scrippes brette full of leasings,
Entermelled with tidings.-Id. House of Fame, b. iii.
He picks out five, away with him to bring,
Such as he knew would fit his trusty sling,
And in his scrip them closely doth bestow,
By which he vows Goliah's overthrow.

Drayton. David & Goliah.

Clo. Come Shepheard, let vs make an honorable retreit, though not with bagge and baggage, yet with scrip and scrippage.-Shakespeare. As You Like It, Act iii. sc. 2. "Blest be Telemachus! in every deed Inspire him, Jove! in every wish succeed!" This said, the portion from his son convey'd With smiles receiving on his scrip he lay'd.

SCRIPT. SCRIPTURE. SCRIPTURAL. SCRIPTORY. SCRIPTURIENT.

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And he began at Moses, and at all the prophets, and interpreted vnto the in all scriptures which were wrytten of hym.-Bible, 1551. Luk, c. 24.

I trow it were to longe you to tary,
If I you told of every script and bond,
By which that she was feoffed in his lond,
Or for to rekken of hire rich array.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9500.

The statue of Mars upon a carte stood
Armed, and loked grim as he were wood,
And over his hed ther shinen two figures
Of sterres, that ben cleped in scriptures.

Id. The Knightes Tale, ▼. 2088.

Of whiche thynge all the ordinaunce and the sothe (for as moche as folke that been to comen after our daies, shal knowen it) I haue putte it in scripture, and in remembraunce.-Id. Boecius, b. i.

Whiche Daniell in his scripture

Expowned, as to fore it tolde-Gower. Con. 4. Prol.

Thane the olde man sayde, sir, surely vnder this tombe, lyeth your father; than the lorde of Manny redde the scrip ture on the tombe, the whiche was in latyn, and ther he founde yt the olde man had sayd trouth, and gaue hym his rewarde-Berners. Froissart. Cronyele, vol. i. c. 110.

But herein appeared his true hautinesse of mind indeed, and that unmatchable spirit of his, That when upon the battell at Pharsalia, as wel the cofers and caskets, with letters and other writings of Pompey as also those of Scipioes before Thapsus, came into his hands, he was most true unto them, and burnt al, without reading one script or scroll. Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 25.

With such differences of reeds, vallatory, sagittary, scriptory, and others, that might be furnished in Judea. Brown. Miscell. p. 82.

By scripture it hath in the wisedome of God seemed meet to deliuer vnto the world much but personally expedient to be practised of certaine men; many deepe and profound points of doctrine, as being the maine originall ground whereupon the precepts of dutie depend; many prophesies. the cleere performance whereof might confirme the world in beliefe of things vnseene; many histories to serue as looking glasses to behold the mercy, the truth, the righteousnesse of God towards all that faithfully serue, obey and honour him; yea, many entire meditations of pietie, to be as patternes and presidents in cases of like nature; many things needfull for explication, many for application vnto particular occasions, such as the prouidence of God from

time to time hath taken to haue the seuerall bookes of his Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. i. § 13

holy ordinance written.

It is ridiculous to say, that bills of exchange shall pay our debts abroad: that cannot be, till scrips of paper can be made current coin. [Scrips of paper, Locke afterwards calls three or four lines writ on paper.j Locke. Considerations on Interest, &c.

For if you will stand to what you have granted, That scripture is as perfect a rule of faith as a writing can be: you must then grant it both so compleat, that it needs no addition, and so evident, that it needs no interpretation: For both these properties are requisite to a perfect rule, and a writing is capable of both these properties.

Chillingworth. Religion of Protestants, pt. 1. c. 2.

This grand scripturient paper-spiller,

This endless, needless margin filler,
Was strangely tost from post to pillar.

Wood. Athene Oxon. vol. ii. Wm. Prynne.

It must argue great conceitedness and self-sufficiency, for a man to expect to be heard, or attended to, as a scripturist, or a textuary, in opposition to the Christian world; unless he first fairly considers and confutes what the ablest writers have pleaded for the received construction, and next as fairly proves and enforces his own.

Waterland. Works, vol. vii. p. 9. Introd. Whoever expects to find in the Scriptures a specific direction for every moral doubt that arises, looks for more than he will meet with.-Paley. Philosophy, c. 4.

Giving up as indefensible, what is truly scriptural, is so far casting off scripture; and unbelievers will refute our interpretations, and take advantage of our concessions; whereas, keeping close to the plan of God's word, we need not fear maintaining our ground.-Secker, vol. ii. Ser. 35. See SCRIBE. Fr. Escrivain; SCRIVENER.

Sp. Escribano.

A writer; one who writes or draws up in writing-legal, commercial, or mercantile securities; securities for money.

The wofull complaint, which that ye shall here,
But even like as doth a skriuenere,
That can no more what that he shall write,
But as his maister beside doth endite.

Chaucer. The Complaint of the Black Knight.
Touching thy letter, thou art wise inough,
I wot thou nilte it deigneliche endite,
As make it with these argumentes tough,
Ne Acriveiniske cr craftely thou it write.

Id Troil. & Cres. 1. 1

Francis. Horace, b. i. Sat. 5.

SCROFULA. Į It. Scròfa, scròfola; Fr. SCRO FULOUS. Scrofoles; Lat. Scrofula, from scrofa, a sow. The disease and the animal have the same Gr. name, Xoipas.

A cataplasme of the leaves and hogs grease incorporat togither, doth resolve the scrophules or swelling kernels called the king's evill.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxii. c. 14.

Excess, the scrofulous and itchy plague,
That seizes first the opulent, descends
To the next rank contagious, and in time
Taints downwards all the graduated scale
Of order, from the chariot to the plough.

Cowper. Task, b. iv.

SCROLL, or Fr. Escroue. (See ESCROW.) SCROWL. The book wherein a goaler sets down and registers the names and surnames of his prisoners: a roll containing the particulars of the court's expense: a survey of ground held by a copyholder. (See Cotgrave.) Minshew thinks scroll is corrupted from roll; and Skinner derives escroue (see SCREW) from ex, and roue, a wheel. We say indifferently,

A scroll or roll of parchment; a paper or writing, rolled or folded up.

Knowynge that y⚫ sayd Baylly vsed to bere serowys and prophecye aboute hy, shewyng to his cōpany that he was an enchauter and of ylle disposicio, and that they shuld well knowe by such bokes as he bare vpon hym.

Fabyan. Chronycle. Hen. VI. an. 1450.

All though he [Rich. II. Jhad and myght suffyciently haue declared his renouncement by the redynge of an other meane

persone, yet he, for the more suretie of the mater, and for the sayde resygnacyon shuld haue his full force and strengthe, he therfore redde the scrowle of resygnacyon hymselfe, in maner and fourme as foloweth.-Id. Ib. an. 1398.

To whose hands, custody, knowledg, or possession, any of the said accompts, books, scroles, instruments, or other writings concerning the premises, or any part thereof, did, or is come.-Burnet. Records, pt. ii. b. ii. No. 28.

What wonder though my melancholious muse,
Whose generous course some lucklesse starre contractes
Her bold attempts to prosecute refuse,
And would faine burie my abortiue scroules.

Stiriing. Of an Inundation of Douer.

But herein appeared his [Cæsar's] true hautinesse of mind indeed, and that unmatchable spirit of his, that when upon the battell at Pharsalia, as wel the cofers and caskets with letters and other writings of Pompey, as also those of Scipioes before Thapsus, came into his hands, he was most true unto them, and burnt al, without reading one script or scroll-Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 25.

When the strangers go away, their Peans [guides among the Moors,] desire them to give them their names in writing, with a certificate of their honest and diligent serving 'em and these they shew to the next comers, to get into business; some being able to produce a large scrowl of such certificates.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1689.

There is in the poor-house of this city, his own [De Vos.] portrait by himself, in black, leaning on the back of a chair, with a scroll of blue paper in his hand, so highly finished. in the broad manner of Correggio, that nothing can exceed it.

Reynolds. Journey to Flanders & Holland.

SCRUPLE, n. SCRUPLE, V. SCRU'PIER. SCRUPULIZE, v. SCRUPULOUS. SCRUPULOUSLY. SCRUPULOUSNESS. SCRUPULO'SITY.

Fr. Scrupule; It. Scrùpolo; Sp. Escrupulo; Lat. Scrupulus, from scrupus, saxum asperum, a sharp stone: hence, a hurt, a hinderance, an impediment. Met..

tion, a doubt, a fear, an apprehension; a nicety, a A difficulty, a hesitadelicacy.

A weight equalling twenty grains, or the third part of a dram: any small portion.

And sith I looke in this matter but only vnto God, it maketh me little matter, though men cal it as it please the, & say it is no consience but a foolish scruple.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1435. Thinke you that apostles would not haue bene to scrupulous to haue dronke his very bloud? seing it was so playne agaynst Moses lawe if they had vnderstand hym so grossely as ye do.-Fryth. Workes, p. 143.

He ware vpon his head a diademe of purple, interpaled with white, like as Darius was accustomed, and fashioned his apparaile after the manner of the Persians, wythout scrupulositie of anye euill token that it signifyed for the victorer to chaunge his habite into the fashion of him whome he had vanquished.

Brende. Quintus Curtius, fol. 151. From the bough She gave him of that fair enticing fruit With liberal hand: he scrupl'd not to eat Against his better knowledge, not decear'd, But fondly overcome with feral charm.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ix.

Bast. By heaven, these scroyles of Angiers flout you, kings. Shakespeare. John, Act ii. sc. 2. Hang them, scroyles! there's nothing in them i' the world. B. Jonson. Every Man in his Humour, Act i. sc. 1. I cry thee mercy, my good scroyle, was't thou?

SCRUB, v SCRUB, n. the p into b.

Id. The Poetaster, Act iv. sc. 1. To scrub is to scrape, by the change of the vowel a into u, and (See SCRAPE.) The difference of

We shall therefore choose rather to break those laws of method, (neglecting the scrupulosity thereof) and subjoyn them immediately in this place, craving the reader's pardon for this preposterousness. Cudworth. Intellectual System, b. i. c. 3.

Captain Swan having received the two letters, did not doubt but that the English did design to settle a factory here therefore he did not much scruple the honesty of these people, but immediately ordered us to get the ship into the river.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1686.

And there is no occasion to be scrupulously nice and critical in distinguishing to which of the parts the name strictly belongs.-Waterland, Works, vol. vii. p. 24.

The scrupulousness of the parents or friends of the deceased persons deprives us oftentimes of the opportunities of anatomizing the bodies of men, and much more those of women.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 68.

I have been so severe in rejecting not only relations, but even authors not otherwise obscure, that, how much soever I foresaw my scrupulousness might impoverish my history, yet there are some whole treatises about cold countries, whence I have shunned to borrow any one authority.

Id. Ib. p. 478. Pref.

It may indeed, and doth sometimes happen, that this perplexity and scrupulosity about actions doth proceed from distemper and indisposition of body; and, where it doth so, it is a spice of that religious melancholy I am here to speak of.-Sharp, vol. iii. Ser. 2.

In matters, I mean, where duty doth intervene, and where pure conscience ought to guide and govern us; from making professions and ostentations, (void of substance, of peculiar sanctimony, integrity, scrupulosity, spirituality, truth, of knowledge, of good purpose,) great semblances of refinedness, like those Pharisees so often therefore taxed in the Gospel.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 11.

In what more the love of God consists, I know not: so that I scruple not to rest it on reason, rather than on passion.-Gilpin. Hints for Sermons, § 29.

Pleasure and interest are his chief good, his only objects of serious pursuit; and in the attainment of these he is not scrupulously delicate.-Knox. Ess. No. 102.

Motives, indeed, are not to be too scrupulously inquired into, while actions are found to be laudable. Id. Ser. Religion the chief Concern of Life.

SCRUTATOR. SCRUTINY, n. SCRUTINIZE, V. SCRUTINOUS.

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Fr. Scrutateur, scrutiné;

It. Scrutatore, scrutinio; from scrutari, to search into; from Lat. Scruta, Sp. Escrutinader, escrutinio; Lat. Scrutator, scrutinium; Gr. XPUTη, YOUTη, orts, lumber; things thrown aside together, as litter or refuse and thence article that may be applied to a use. scrutari, to look into such things, (sc.) for some See Vossius in v. Scruta. And, generally, Scrutiny, is,—

A search, an examination, an inquiry an investigation,

Of all gentylwomen he hath the seruteny
In Fames courte reportyng the same.

Skellon. The Crowne of Laurell.
For al three months a scrutiny was held,
And searchers then sent every where about,
That in that time if any were conceal'd,
They should make proof and straightly bring them out.
Drayton. Moses his Birth & Miracles, b. 1.
But age is froward, uneasy, scrutinous,
Hard to be pleas'd, and parsimonious.

Denham. Of Old Age, pt. iv. The manner of election was by scrutiny. The deputies of every province in Scripto exhibiting one. The scrutators were two of the seculars.

Hales. Letter from the Synod of Dort, (Nov. 1618.) The compromissarii should chuse according to the votes of such, whose votes they were obliged to scrutinize. Ayliffe. Parergon. Nor did he [Eusebius] live to see how easily the Arian sophistry was defeated and baffled after it had passed the scrutiny of such masterly hands. Waterland. Works, vol. iii. p. 155.

And he should be chiefly conversant in such authors as require close attention, and will abide the test of a rational, though candid, scrutiny.-Knox. Winter Evenings, Ev. 42.

Every thing about him is, on some account or other, declared to be good; and he thinks it presumption to scrutinize into its defects, or to endeavour to imagine how it might be better.-Goldsmith. History of the Earth, c. 3.

tions, so the peculiar business (as it seems to me) of religious As all good history deals with the motives of men's achistory is to scrutinize their religious motives: of these the principall is the consideration of a future state.

Warburton. Divine Legation, b. v

SCRY, i.e. Ascry, (qv.)

And so with the scry, he was fayne to flye in his shirte barefote and barelegged, fro house to house, fro garden to garden, in great dout and feare of taking by the frenchmen, who had scaled and won the fortresse.

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 272.

On Christmas day, nor all the feestes after, there was nothing doone; how beit, the englysshmen euery nyght loked to be waked with scryes.-Id. Ib. vol. i. c. 371.

SCRYDE, i. e. Descried, (qv.)

They both arose, and at him loudly cryde,
As it had bene two shepheards curres had scryde
A ravenous wolfe amongst the scattered flockes.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 12.

SCUD, v.

SCUD, n. SCU'DDING, n.

}:

Ger. Schiessen, celeriter moveri; schieten, fugere; Sw. Skutta, cursitare, to move quickly, to fly, to run; from A. S. Scyt-an, to shoot, (qv.)

To shoot along, run, flee, or flit along; move speedily or rapidly. And see the last quotation from Falconer.

The Driades were wont about thy lawns to rove, To trip from wood to wood, and scud from grove to grove. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 26. The baron of Ophalie not sleeping nor slacking his matter, squdded with all hast into England.

Holinshed. Description of Ireland, an. 1290 When he [the lion] hath gained the thickets and woods, and gotten once into the forrests out of sight, then he skuds away, then hee runneth amaine for life.

Holland. Plinie, b. viii. c. 16. She rais'd her voice on high, and sung so clear, The fawns came scudding from the groves to hear: And all the bending forest lent an ear.

Dryden. The Flower and the Leaf

swift, tho' only with our bare poles, that is, without any sail abroad.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1687.

The jilt, not many hours before,
With the Plate-fleet had left the shore,
Laughs at the credulous fool behind,
And joyful skuds before the wind.

Di. All they were but scratches; but the loss of bloud, made him faint.

Cle. We dally gentlemen.
Thra. Away.

Di. We'l scuffle hard before he perish.

Beaum. & Fletch. Philaster, Act v. sc. I.
His captaines heart,

Which in the scuffles of great fights hath burst
The buckles on his brest, reneages all temper,
And is become the bellowes and the fan
To coole a Gypsies lust.

Shakespeare. Antony & Cleopatra, Act i. sc. 1. A worthie sport it is to see the manner of their skuffling. Holland. Plinie, b. x. c. 3. By an odd chance, though not uncommon in blind scuffles, the infidels and we have changed weapons. Warburton. Divine Legation, b. iv. s. 2. The meek and bashful boy will soon be taught, To be as bold and forward as he ought; The rude will scuffle through with ease enough, Great schools suit best the sturdy and the rough. Cowper. Tirocinium. The officer refusing to give it up, and being joined by the crew of the pinnace, which was waiting for Captain Cook, a scuffle ensued, in which Pareea was knocked down, by a violent blow on the head, with an oar. Cook. Third Voyage, b. v. c. 3. SCULK, or The Dut. Schuylen, Sw. Skyla, SKULK, V. and Scholka, are latitare, occultare, to lie hidden, to hide, to conceal. In R. Gloucester and Gower, it is

To move or go under covert, secretly, slily: and the origin seems to be the A. S. Scyl-an, to separate, to secrete. And see To SHEER.

To secrete; to go secretly, or concealedly; to go, or move into, be, or stay in secret places; to conceal, to lurk.

Bote hii thus myd scolkynge vp the Englysse wende.
R. Gloucester, p. 256.
When he seeth the lusty knightes
Reuden, where these women are,
Away he sculketh as an hare.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.

Pae. Are not you he that rather than you durst goe an industrious voyage being press'd to the islands, skulk'd till the fleet was gone?

Beaum. & Fletch. The Martial Maid, Act ii. sc. 1. And as a lyon sculking all in night, Farre off in pastures; and come home, all dight In iawes and brest-lockes with an oxes blood New feasted on him, his lookes full of mood.

Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xxii.

But I suppose they chose Perico rather for the scene of their enterprize, partly because they might there best skulk among the islands.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1685.

They would forthwith publish slanders unpunished, the authors being anonymous, and skulking under the wings of publishers, a set of men who neither scrupled to vend either calumny or blasphemy, as long as the town would call for it.

Pope. The Dunciad. Scriblerus on the Poem.

The thief discover'd straight his prey forsook,
And skulk'd amid the sedges of the brook,

Beattie. Virgil, Past. 3. SCULL, or Skinner says, the shell of SKULL, n. the head, but why so used he does not explain. Scull, Tooke considers to beAll which time we scudded, or run before the wind very the past part. of scyl-an, to divide, to separate. whether applied to the separated bone of the head, or to a division, or portion of fish divided or separated from the main body; i. e. to shoals of fish. See SCALE, SHOAL, and SHOUlder. Corineus tok hys bowe of hym, & smot hym a wonde A bouen on the scolle with ys owne bowe anon, That the scolle to breke in peses mony on. R. Gloucester, p. 16. And with the staf she draw ay nere and nere, And wend han hit this Alein atte full, And smote the miller on the pilled skull, That doun he goth, and cried, "Harrow! I die." Chaucer. The Reves Tale, v. 4233. And she to his byddyng obeide, And toke the sculle, and what hir liste She drinketh, as she, whiche nothyng wist What cup it was: and than all out The kynge in audience about

Somervile. The Fortune Hunter, c. 5. The black'ning ocean curls, the winds arise, And the dark scud in swift succession flies.

Falconer. The Shipwreck, c. 2. Scudding is that movement in navigation by which a ship is carried precipitately before a tempest.-Id. Ib. Note. SCUFFLE, n. Į Skinner thinks it to be SCUFFLE, v. shuffle, (qv.) with the change

of h into c, and to mean

A confused and tumultuous contest or fight. See CUFF?

Neither had this skuffling an end vntill night was begun : at what time the Latines, Rutiles, and Troians left the wild medley, howbeit not discontinuing their malice.

Warner. Albion's England, Add. to b. ii.

Get. Scoring a man o'r the coxcomb Is but a scratch with you! o' your occupation, Your scurvy scuffling trade; I was told before Ay face was bad enough; but now I look Like Bloody bone, and raw head, to fright children. Beaum & Fletch. The Prophetess, Activ. sc. 5.

Hath tolde, it was hir fathers sculle.-Gower. Con. A. b. i.

Ryuers ren nat till the sprynge be full Better a dumme mouthe than a brayneles scull. Skelton. The Crowne of Laurell. The anthropophagi about the north pole use to drinke out of the sculs of mens heads, and to weare the scalpes, haire and all, in steed of mandellions or stomachers before their breasts, according as Isogonus the Nicean witnesseth. Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 2.

But all the ground with sculs was scattered

And dead mens bones, which round about were flong;
Whose lives, it seemed, whilome there were shed,
And their vile carsases now left unburied.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. il. c. 7.
The cormorant next comes, by his devouring kind,
Which flying o'er the fen immediately doth find
The fleet best stor'd of fish, when from his wings al full,
As though he shot himself into the thicken'd skull,
He under water goes, and so the shoal pursues.

Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 25. Anon, he's there afoot, And there they fly, or die, like scaled sculls Before the belching whale.

Shakespeare. Troil. & Cres. Act v. sc. 5. Forthwith the sounds and seas, each creek and bay With frie innumerable swarme, and shoales Of fish that with their finns and shining scales Glide under the green wave, in sculles that oft Bank the mid sea.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vii. The followers of Odin, sung the praise of death in their hymns, witness the ode of good king Lodbrog; and had no better a reason for it than the hope of drinking beer in the aculls of their enemies at the palace of Odin.

Bolingbroke. Fragments of Essays, § 50. The scull, below the eye-brows, they cut off, and having cleansed it thoroughly, if they are poor they merely cover it with a piece of leather; if they are rich, in addition to this they decorate the inside with gold; it is afterwards used as a drinking cup.-Beloe. Hist. of Herudolus, b. iv. c. 65.

SCULL. A kind of boat. Minshew derives SCU'LLER. from the hollowness of a boat like a shell or scull; or it may be, (Skinner adds,) from the Fr. Escuelte, Lat. Scutula, from some resemblance to a platter or charger. G. Douglas uses the word skul for a vessel to contain liquids:"We kest on mony a skul of warme milk," (p. 29, v. 20.) "In flakoun (flagon) and in skull,” (p. 210, v. 5.) The Glossarist declares for the etymology of Minshew. See Ihre in v. Skoal; and Jamieson.

Ono. 1 erre, you have the marshaling of all the ghosts too, that passe the Stygian ferry, and I suspect you for a share with the old sculler there, if the truth were knowne; but let that scape.-B. Jonson. Cynthia's Revels, Act i. sc.1. Struck with dumb wonder at those songs,

He [the dog] wish'd more ears, and fewer tongues.
Charon amaz'd his oar foreslows,

While the boat the sculler rows.-Fletcher. Boethius, b.iii.

Like caitiff vile that for misdeed

Rides with his face to rump of steed;

Or rowing scull, he's fain to love,

Look one way and another move.-Hudibras, pt. i. c. 3.
What should he do, who twice had lost his love?
What notes invent, what new petitions move?
Her soul already was consign'd to fate,
And shivering in the leaky sculler sate.

Dryden. Virgil. Georgics, b. iv. "This is his moral," say his under-pullers, "The poor and innocent are safe in scullers."

SCULLION. SCU'LLIONLY.

Byrom. Remarks on Horace, p. 238. Old Fr. Sculier,-" Officier qui a soin de la vaisselle, des plat, et des assiettes," (Roquefort.) Fr. Escuelle, a platter; q.d. Escullion, a washer of plates and dishes, (Skinner.) Lat Scutula.

SCU'LLERY.

The servant whose duty it is to clean the plates and dishes, or other kitchen utensils. And hence applied to any thing low, and mean.

They bee not vsed to coulde, as you may see by their smooked scolions faces, handes, and feete, with all the place where they stande.—Barnes. Workes, p 341.

At Christmas a fire happened at the king's palace at Westminster; the effect, as it seems, of the great feasting there. For it fell chiefly in the kitchen and office adjoining. as the scullery-Strype. Eccles. Mem. Edw. VI. c. 24.

Which brought forth his scullionly paraphase on St. Paul, whom he brings in, discoursing such idle stuff to the maids and widows, as his own servile inurbanity forbears not to put in the apostle's mouth, of the soul's conversing. Milton. Colesterion.

This botcher looks as if he were dough-bak'd,—a little butter now, and I would eat him like an oaten-cake: his fathers diet was new cheese and onions when he got him: what a scallion-fac'd rascal 'tis ? Beaum. & Fletch. Love's Cure, Act ii. sc. 1.

Upon an address from parliament to remove his chancellor and treasurer, his answer was, "that he [Richard the Second] would not remove, at their request, the meanest scullion out of his kitchen." Bolingbroke. Rem, on the Hist. of Eng. Let. 6.

I shall pay so much respect to my contemporaries as never to offend their delicacy willingly: therefore shall choose such illustrations as may appear fashionable and