To where a mangled corse

Expos'd without remorse

Lies &roudless, unentomb'd, he points the away Points to the prowling wolf exultant o er his pray.

SHRUB. SHRUBBED.

SHRUBBY.

SHRUBBERY.

Dodsley. Melpomene.

A. S. Scrobbe, scrybe. Bushy trees of low growth are called shrubs, and the word may have been originally applied to the bushes which sprung up in grounds where the trees have been scrubbed up.

In a some seyson. whan softe was the sonne
Y shop into skrobbis.

Piers Plonkman, p. 1.

Neere at hand were growing diuers shrubbed trees, the boughes whereof (for the greater reuerence and exornation of the present solemnitie) he cutting and sliuing downe, perceiued blood in great abundance issuing from the broken branches.-Warner. Albion's England, b. ii.

Though they be well shrubbed and shred, yet they begin even now before the spring to bud, and hope again in time to florish as the green bay-tree.

Anderson. Expos. of Benedictus, (1573,) fol. 64.

Farre in the forrest, by a hollow glade

Covered with mossie shrubs, which spredding brode
Did underneath them make a gloomy shade,

Where foot of living creature never trode,

Ne scarse wyld beasts durst come, there was this wight's abode. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iv. c. 4. They [rushes] cannot justly be reckoned in the ranke either of shrubs, or brier-bushes and brambles, ne yet of tall plants growing up with stems and stalkes.

Holland. Plinie, b. xvi. c. 37. First march the heavy mules. securely slow, O'er hills, o'er dales, o'er crags, o'er rocks they go: Jumping, high o'er the shrubs of the rough ground, Rattle the clattering cars, and the shockt axles bound. Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xxlil

The land about it is dry and sandy, bearing only a few shrubby trees -Dampier. Voyages, c. 6. p. 135.

They lop off the small branches of the large trees, dig under the roots, and there burn the branches and small shrubs and plants which they root up.

Cook. Second Voyage, b. iii. c. 9.

Enter a modern shrubbery formed of a selection of the most agreeable flowering shrubs, and consider, whether there is any thing in the garden of Alcinous, in the fields of Elysium, in Milton's Paradise, to be compared with the intermixture of the lilac, the syringa, the laburnum, the double-blossomed cherry, peach, and almond. Knox, Ess. No. 115.

These are their bread, the only bread they know :
These, and their willing slave the deer that crops
The shrubby herbage on their meagre hills.

Armstrong. The Art of preserving Health.

SHRUB. By an easy corruption of y to h, Syrop becomes Shrop, shrup, shrub, (Tooke.)

}

SHRUG, v. Wachter thinks-from the SHRUG, n. same source as Shreek, (qv.) SHRUGGING, n. which is also anciently written Shright, very nearly approaching to Holland's Shrigged. It is applied to

A motion or action of the shoulders, by drawing or raising them towards the ears: (in expression of different feelings.)

The touch of the ona water made a pretty kind of hrugging come over her body, like the twinkling of the airest among the fixed stars.-Sidney. Arcadia, b. ii.

Atticus is of opinion, That the shaddow of elmes is one of the thickest and most hurtfull: neither doe I make any doubt thereof, if they be let to spread into great armes aid boughs at libertie: marie if the braunches thereof, or of any tree within- forth be shrigged, (constrictæ) I thinke that the shade will doe no harme at all.

Holland. Plinie, b. xvii. c. 1

Yet though he cannot skip forth now to greet
Every fine silken painted fool we meet,
He them to him with amorous smiles allures,
And grins, smacks, shrugs, and such an itch endures,
As prentices or school-boys, which do know

Of some gay sport abroad, yet dare not go.-Donne, Sat. 2

Upon his being told that they were in the Centurion fou bundred firelocks, and between three and four hundred barrels of powder, he shrugged up his shoulders, and seemed to be terrified with the bare recital, saying, that no ships wer came into Canton river armed in that manner. Anson. Voyages, b. ill. c. 9.

"Sir Smug," he cries, for lowest at the board,
Just made fifth chaplain of his patron ord,
His boulders witnessing by many a shrug
How much his feelings suffer'd, sat Sir Bmug.)
VOL. II

SHUDDER, v.

Dut. Schudden, schudderen; SHU'DDER, n. Ger. Schutten, schuttern, quatere, tremere. Plainly enough (says Skinner), from the It. Scuotere, Lat. Excutere, to shake off Wachter, from Quatere.

To quake, to shake, to tremble, (with fear, horror.)

Alas they make me shoder.

Perhaps I may go shufflingly, for I was never before walk'd in trammels; yet I shall drudge and moil at constancy, till I have worn off the hitching in ny pace. Dryden. Spanish Friar, Act i.

The paralytic, who can hold her cards, But cannot play them, borrows a friend's hand. To deal and shuffle, to divide and sort Her mingled suits and sequences.-Cowper. Task, b. i. A provision of endless apparatus, a bustle of infinite Skelton. Colin Clout's come home again. inquiry and research, or even the mere mechanical labour of copying, may be employed, to evade and shuffle off real labour, the real labour of thinking.-Reynolds, Dis. 12. SHUN, v. A. S. Scun-ian, ascunian, onSHU'NLESS. Scunian; to fly, fly from or avoid. See ESCHEW.

Saue howlings out and shuddering feare
Came nought to eare or sight,
With grieuous grones of dying ghosts.

Warner. Albion's England, b. i. c. 6.
I know you'l sweare, terribly sweare
Into strong shudders, and to heauenly agues
Th' immortall gods that heare you.

To fly from, move out of the way, avoid; to

Shakespeare. Timon of Athens, Act iv. sc. 3. evade.
The fright was general; but the female band
(A helpless train) in more confusion stand:
With horrour shuddering, on a heap they run,
Sick at the sight of hateful justice done.

Dryden. Theodore & Honoria.
Who see dire spectres through the gloomy air
In threatening forms advance, and shuddering hear
The groan of wandering ghosts, and yellings of despair.
Blackmore. Creation, b. iii.
But see Jerne's moors and hideous bogs,
Immeasurab'e tract. The traveller

Slow tries his mazy step on th' yielding tuft,
Shuddering with fear.

SHUFFLE, v.
SHUFFLE, n.

SHUFFLER.
SHUFFLING, N.
SHUFFLINGLY.

Dyer. Fleece, b. ii. The dim. of shove. A. S. Scuf-ian, to shove, to push. See SCUFFLE.

To shove, or pish (sc. the feet,) to move at low short

steps; to move at short distances; to move about, to and fro, disorderly, confusedly, irregularly; to move from, push out of the direct course, to evade; to move or push together, irregularly, hastily, (sc. to escape notice or detection; and hence)-fraudulently.

On a night when the lieutenant and he for their disport were plaieng at slidegrote or shoofleboord, suddenlie commeth from the cardinall a mandatum to execute Kildare on the morrow. Holinshed. Chronicles of Ireland, an. 1528. Besides, as exiles ever from your homes, You live perpetual in disturbancy; Contending, thrusting, shuffling for your rooms Of earse or honour, with impatiency.

Ech mein shoneth hies companye.-Piers Plouhman, p.228.
Bot Henry Dauid sonne, that his heyr suld be,
Contek for to schonne, to Steuen mad feaute.

I will beware, and make a glasse of thee whilst I haue breath, To shunne the sluttish sinfull sect, thy tipling and thy toyes.

R. Brunne, p. 111.

Turbervile. Auns. to vile Counsell of Epicure.

But when they be debard the same which so they shunde before,

They crie and call for Tysants [ptisan] then as soueraigne for their sore.

Id. Of the Affections of his Louc.
Disleall knight, whose coward corage chose
To wreake itselfe on beast all innocent,
And shund the marke at which it should be ment;
Therby thine armes seem strong, but manhood frayl.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 5.
Alone he entred

The mortall gate of th' citie, which he painted
With shunlesse destinie; aydelesse came off,
And with a sudden re-inforcement strucke
Corioles like a planet.

Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act ii. sc. 2.

It is not supposed, that we should have power always to resist, unless we before-hand do what is in our power to shun temptation.—Atterbury, vol. iii. Ser. 4.

A shoeless soldier there a man might meet Leading his monsieur by the arms fast bound; Another his had shackled by the feet, Who like a cripple shuffled on the ground. Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt. The use of this perverse hypothesis is only to shuffle off all arguments that are drawn from apparitions. More. Immortality of the Soul, b. i. c. 13.

The voice of conscience can be no more heard in this con

tinual tumult, then the vagient cries of the infant Jupiter, amidst the rude shuffles and dancings of the Cretick Corybantes, and the tinckling and clashing of their brazen targets.-Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 18.

We shall be condemned for the evils that we have done, and shall then remember; God by his power wiping away the dust from the tables of our memory, and taking off the consideration and the voluntary neglect and rude shufflings of our cases of conscience.-Bp. Taylor, vol. i. Ser. 2.

A mere undistinguish'd chaos, where sense and reason, brute and man, are shuffled together without any order, like a confounded heap of ruins. Scott. Christian Life, pt. i. c. 2. One may judge from hence, that Socinus's pretended reasons against the notion of remembrance were mere shuffle and pretence, carrying more of art and colouring in them, than of truth or sincerity Waterland. Works, vol. vii. p. 64. We had fair weather, and a pretty smart gale of wind at east, for three or four days, and then it shifted to the S. W. being rainy, but it soon came about again to the east, and blew a gentle gale; yet it often shuffled about to the S.E. Dampier. Voyages, an. 1686.

Eusebius plainly denies the Son to be ex Tov u ovos in the same sense that he affirms it of creatures; and therefore must deny his passing out of non-existence to existence unless he were the greatest prevaricator and shuffler im. ginable.-Waterland. Works, vol. iii. p. 150.

to inclose, to include; to exclude, to close against; to close, to conclude.

To get shut of any thing,-to get it thrown or cast off or away, clear away; to get clear of, rid, or free.

Shuttle,-see SHITTLE.

Jesus cam while the ghatis weren schit, and stood in the myddil and seide pees to ghou.-Wiclif. Jon, c. 20.

The same daye at night, which was the morow after the Euboth day, when the dores were shut, where ye dysciples were assembled together for feare of the Jewes, came Jesus and stode in the myddes, & said to the peace be with you. Bible, 1551. Ib.

And on a day befell, that in that houre,
Whan that his mete wont was to be brought,
The gailer shette the dores of the toure;
He hered it wel, but he spake right nought.
Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 14,738.

My windowes weren shit echone,

And through the glasse the sunne shone
Upon my bed with bright bemes.-Id. Dreame.

And if the dore be so shelle,
That he be of his entre lette,

He will in at the wyndowe crepe.-Gower. Con. 4. b. v. Syr Thomas More a litle before he was arrayned and condemned (in the yere of our lorde, 1535. and in the xxvii. yere of the raygn of kyng Henry the eight) being shit vp so close in prison in the tower that he had no penne nor inke, wrote with a cole a pistle in latine to maister Anthony Bonuyse.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1454.

And [he] suffered grief so to close his heart, that his breath failing him with a dreadful shutting of his eyes, he tell down at her bed side.-Sidney. Arcadia, b. iii.

Ban. The king's a bed.

He hath beene in vnusual pleasure,
And sent forth great largesse to your offices.
This diamond he greetes your wife withall,
By the name of most kind hostesse,
And shut up in measurelesse content.

Shakespeare. Macbeth, Act 1¡ ̧10%

10 L

The weaver sala, Fie wench, yourselfe you wrong,
Thus to let slip the shuttle of your tong.

Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, b. i. s. 4.

Just. An honest weaver, and as good a workman, as e'er shot shuttle.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Coxcomb, Act v. sc. 1.

A thousand wayes he them could entertaine,
With all the thriftles games that may be found;
With mumming and with masking all around,
With dice, with cards, with balliards farre unfit,
With shuttelcocks, misseeming manlie wit.

Spenser. Mother Hubberd's Tale, p. 363.
I us'd your name
And urg'd th' importance home; but had for answer,
That since the shut of evening none had seen him.
Dryden. Don Sebastian, Act iv. sc. 1.

And yet the wealthy will not brook delay,
But sweep above our heads, and make their way;
In lofty litters borne, and read and write,
Or sleep at ease: the shutters make it night.

But for to loke of tyme ago,
Howe lust of loue excedeth lawe,
It ought for to be withdrawe.
For euery man it shulde drede,
And nameliche in his sibrede,
Which tourneth oft to vengeance.-Gower. Con. A. b.viii.

He wonneth in the land of Fayëree,
Yet is no fary borne, ne sib at all
To elfes but sprong of seed terrestrial,
And whylome by false faries stolne away,
Whyles yet in infant cradle he did crall.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 3.

Let
The bloud of mine that's sibbe to him, be suckt
From me with leeches, let them break and fall
Off me with that corruption.

Beaum. & Fletch. Two Noble Kinsmen, Act i. sc. 1.
Lat. Sibilans, pres. part. of

SIBILLANT.Sibilare, to hiss, from Sibilus,

They speak much of the elementary quality of siccity, or drienesse; and of things dessicating.-Bacon. Life & Death.

That which is concreted by exsiccation or expression of humidity, will be resolved by humectation, as earth, dirt, and clay; that which is coagulated by a fiery siccity, will suffer colliquation from an aqueous humidity, as salt and sugar.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. ii. c. 1.

SICK, adj.
SICK, v.
SICKEN, v.
SICKISH.

SICKLESS.
SICKLY, adj.
SICKLY, ad.
SICKLIED.
SICKLINESS.
SICKNESS.

Goth. Siuks; A. S. Seok; Dut. Sieck; Ger. Siech; Sw. Suik. Either from the Dut. Swaek, weak, languid, or Swick-en, to shake, to agitate, (Skinner. ) It may be from the A. S. Syc-an, to suck; and applied, consequentially, from the weakness, and ailing condition of sucking children, of suckWeak, ailing, diseased, disordered; nauseating, (as if affected with a sick stomach,) disgusted. That tyme at Westmynstir Harald sore seke lay.

Indeed their success was very near doing honour to their Ave Marias; for, altering their course in the night, and shutting up their windows to prevent any of their lights from being seen, they had some chance of escaping; but a small crevice in one of the shutters rendered all their invocations ineffectual.-Anson. Voyages, b. ii. c. 5.

Now, shepherds, clip your fleecy care;
Ye maids, your spinning-wheels prepare;
Ye weavers all your shuttles throw,
And bid broad-cloths and serges grow.

Hissing.

All metalls quenched in water, give a sibilation or hissing sound; (which hath an affinity with the letter Z,) notwithstanding the sound be created between the water or vapour, and the air.-Bacon. Naturall Historie, § 176.

SHY, adj. Dut. Schouwen; Ger. Schewen; SHY, V. Sw. Sky, to shun, to eschew, (qv.) SHY'NESS. To shy, is used in common speech, (of a horse,) as, He shies at a post,-starts away from.

Shy, adj. is applied, to one who shuns, avoids, evades, company or society; shuns or avoids to be seen and thus, timid, diffident, bashful, retiring, reserved; one who shuns through fear of consequences, and thus, wary, cautious.

Tis not impossible

But one, the wickedst caitiffe on the grounde May seem as shie, as graue, as just, as absoluteAs Angelo. Shakespeare. Meas. for Meas. Act v. sc. 1. It can be no offence to the knowing and ingenious, that men have a shyness and jealousy against such truths as they have not been acquainted with. More. Philosophical Writings, Pref. p. iii. They are very shy, therefore it is hard to shoot them. Dampier. Voyages, an. 1683. It abounds with goats, who, not being accustomed to be disturbed, were no ways shy or apprehensive of danger, till they had been frequently fired at. Anson. Voyages, b. ii. c. 4. To the account already given, I must add, that there are in all parts of this country a good number of Vicunnas or Peruvian sheep; but these, by reason of their shyness and swiftness, are killed with difficulty.-Id. Ib. b. i. c. 6.

SIB, or Goth. Sib, pax, Gasibyon, reconSYB. ciliari, (Junius.) A. S. Sib, syb, sybbe, which Somner explains-peace, quietness, concord, agreement; kindred, alliance, affinity. Sib-ian,-to make peace or pacify. Dut. Ghesibbe; Sw. Sif. "No more sib'd than sieve and riddle, that grew both in a wood together," (Ray, North Country Words; and see Jamieson, in v. and Gossip. See also Sibrit, in Moor's Suffolk Words.)

Alle that were ogt ysyb Edmonde the Kynge. Other in alyance of eny loue, to dethe he let brynge. R. Gloucester, p. 315. Piers Plouhman, p. 125. And to poverte hym weddeth The wyche is sibbe to Cryst self. Id. p. 268. And though so be that youre kinrede be more stedefast and siker than the kin of your adversaries, yet natheles youre kinrede is but a fer kinrede; they ben but litel sibbe to you, and the kin of youre enemies ben nigh sibbe to hem. Chaucer. The Tale of Melibeus.

And ho is sybbe unto thuse sevene.

But of hem two a man maie lere,
What is to be so sibbe of bloode,

None wist of other howe it stoode.-Gower, Con. A. b. viil

It hath been tried, that a pipe a little moistened on the solemn sound, than if the pipe were dry: but yet with a sweet degree of sibilation or purling.-Id. Ib. § 230.

It were easy to add a nasal letter to each of the other pair of lisping and sibilant letters. Holder. Elements of Speech.

S has in English the same hissing sound as in other languages, and unhappily prevails in so many of our words, that it produces in the ear of a foreigner a continued sibilation.-Johnson. English Dictionary, Let. S.

SI'BYL. SIBYLLINE.

Lat. Sybilla, q.d. σlov Boλr; atos, Eol. for Oeos; and buλn, SI'BYLLIST. for βουλη. See Vossius, who is not satisfied with this, but has nothing better.

The pictures of the Sybils are very common, and for their prophecies of Christ in high esteem with Christians; described commonly with youthful faces, and in a defined number.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. v. c. 11.

The other extream may be, in concluding the whole bustness of the sibylline oracles (as any ways relating to Christianity) to have been a mere cheat and figment: and that there never was any thing in those sibylline books, which were under the custody of the quindecimviri, that did in the least predict our Saviour Christ or the times of Christianity. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 282.

They did not all acknowledge the sibyl to have been a prophetess neither, since upon Celsus mentioning a sect of Christians called Sibyllists, Origen tells us, that these were such as using the sibylline testimonies, were called so in way of disgrace, by other Christians, who would not allow the sibyl to have been a prophetess.-Id. Ib. p. 284.

The great agent in this affair is the sibyl; and, as a virgin, she sustains two principal and distinct parts; that of the inspired priestess, to pronounce the oracle; and that of Hierophant, to conduct the initiated through the whole celebration.-Warburton. Divine Legation, b. ii. s. 4.

SICAMORE, or Fr. Sycomore; It. SicoSYCAMORE. Smoro; Sp. Sicomoro; Lat. Sicomorus; Gr. Zvkoμoped, from ouкn, a fig, and μορέα, morus. The large maple-tree, ridiculously so named, (says Skinner,) though there may be some resemblance in the leaves and trunk, to the Egyptian Sycomorus. See the quotation from Holland's Pliny.

There saw I Coll Tragetour
Upon a table of sicamour

Play an vncouth thing to tell,
I saw him carry a wind mill

Under a walnote shale.-Chaucer. House of Fame, b. ili.
The hegge also that yede in compas,
And closed in all the greene herbere,
With sicamour was set and eglatere.

R. Brunne, p. 53.
Now is Eilred our kyng fallen in sekeness.-Id. p. 46.
Syknesse com eke among men, that aboute wyde,
Wat vor honger, wat vor wo, men deyde in eche syde.
R. Gloucester, p. 378.

Ich wot wel quath Hunger. what syknesse gow aileth
Ye have manged overe muche. that maketh gow be syke.
Piers Plouhman, p. 142.

He toke on him oure infyrmities, and bare oure sycknessis. Bible, 1551. Ib. He gaf to hem power of unclene spiritis to cast hem out of men, and to heele every languor & sykenesse. Wielif. Matthew, c. 10.

& gaue theym power ouer vnclene spirites, to cast them out, & to heale al maner of sicknesses, & al maner diseases. Bible, 1551. Ib.

Thanne he seide to the sykeman in palesye: rise up take thi bed and go into thin hous.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 9. Then sayd he vnto the sycke of the palsye: aryse, take vp thy bed, and go home to thyne house.-Bible, 1551. Ib. To Canterbury they wende, The holy blisful martyr for to seke, That hem hath holpen, when that they were seke. Chaucer. Prol. to Canterbury Tales, v. 18. Who is so trewe and eke so ententif To kepe him, sike and hole, as is his make?

Id. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9165. "Seinte Marie, how may it be,

That Damian entendeth not to me?
Is he ay sike? or how may this betide?"
His squiers, which that stoden ther beside,
Excused him, because of his siknesse,
Which letteth him to don his besinesse :
Non other cause mighte make him tary.-Id. Ib. v. 9773.
And as these holy bokes seyn,
The houndes comen fro the halle,
Wher that this sicke man was falle,
And as he laie there for to deie
The woundes of his maladie
Thei licken, for to doone hym ease.

Gower. Con. A. b. vi.

Upon the foole vpon the wise
Sekenes and hele enter commune
Maie none eschewe that fortune.-Id. Ib. b. if.

I shewd to hym [my lord cardinall], at the same tyme, yr credence of soden sekeness of yor srvänts, wich daily cötinewes.-Lodge. Illust. Thomas Alen to the Earl of Shrewsbury, an. 1516.

In singing how he doth complaine, in sleping how he wakes:

Holland. Plinie, b. xili. c. 7. SICCITY. Fr. Siccité; It. Siccità; Lut. Siccitas, from siccus, dry. See DESICCATE. Drym

Clar. The riuer hath thrice fid, no ebbe betweene: And the olde folke (Times doting Chronicles) Say it did so, a little time before That our great grand-sire Edward sick'd, and dy'de. Shakespeare. 2 Pt. Hen, IF. Act iv. sc. 4.

Whom Calepine saluting, as became, Besought of courtesie, in that his neede, For safe conducting of his sickely dame

Through that same perillous foord with better heede,
To take him up behinde upon his steed

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi. c. 3.

The fruitful Ceres to great Saturn born,
The first with sickle cropp'd the rip'ned corn.

Drayton. The Owl.
Their sicklers reap the corn another sows.-Sandys.
Another field rose high with waving grain,
With bended sickles stand the reaper-train:
Here, stretch'd in ranks, the levell'd swarths are found,
Sheaves heap'd on sheaves here thicken up the ground.
Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xviii.
When Autumn's yellow lustre gilds the world,
And tempts the sickled swain into the field,
Seiz'd by the general joy, his heart distends
With gentle throws; and through the tepid gleams
Deep musing, then he best exerts his song.

Thomson. Autumn.

— Ye vanquishers of Greeks, Beneath your spears yon servile herd will fall, As corn before the sickle.-Glover. The Athenaid, b. xxx.

And loue of vs, Who weare our health but sickly in his life, Which in his death were perfect.

Id. Rich. II. Act ii. sc. 1.

Thus conscience does make cowards of vs ali,
And thus the natiue hew of resolution
Is sicklied o'er, with the pale cast of thought.

P. Shut, shut the door, good John! fatigu'd I said, Tie up the knocker, say I'm sick, I'm dead.

Pope. Prol. to Satires.

She, with one maid of all her menial train, Had thence retir'd; and with her second joy, The young Astyanax, the hope of Troy, Pensive she stood on Ilion's towery height, Beheld the war, and sicken'd at the sight.

Id. Homer. Iliad, b. vi.

The medicine had scarce any other sensible operation upon her, and did not make her sickish, especially when she slept upon it.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 145.

So much the more, as, from a little elf,
He had an high opinion of himself;
Though sickly, slender, and not large of limb,
Concluding all the world was made for him.
Dryden. The Cock and the Fox.

Sickness is a sort of early old age: it teaches us a diffidence in our earthly state, and inspires us with the thoughts of a future, better than a thousand volumes of philosophers and divines.-Pope to Steele, July 15, 1712.

My personal maladies and sickliness cannot rightly infer the inefficacy of the medicines I impart or recommended. Boyle. Works, vol. v. p. 316. My ear is pain'd, My soul is sick, with ev'ry day's report Of wrong and outrage, with which earth is fill'd. Cowper. Task, b. ii. The doctrine of Fate, hath been still growing from age to age, in absurdity and impiety: and therefore no wonder, that virtue, whose specific bane it is, should proportionably sicken and decline. Warburton. Defence of Pope.

Years of dearth, it is to be observed, are generally among the common people years of sickness and mortality, which cannot fail to diminish the produce of their industry. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 8. See SECURE.

}

SICKER. SICKLE, n. Dut. Sickel, seeckel; Ger. SICKLED. Sichel, sechel; Sw. Sikel; A. S. SICKLER. Sicol. Skinner derives from the Lat. Secula, itself—a secando, to cut. Varro, (lib. iv.) Falces are so called a farre, by the change of a letter, and these (falces) are in Compania called seculæ, a secando.

A tool or instrument with which corn, &c. is cut; a reaping hook.

And whanne of it self it hath brought forth fruyt: anoon he sendith a sikil, for reping tyme is come. Wiclif. Mark, c. 4. And assone as the frute is broughte forth, anone he thrusteth in the syckell, because the haruest is come. Bible, 1551. Ib.

Upon his head a wreath, that was enrold
With ears of corne of every sort, he bore;
And in his hand a sickle he did holde
To reape the ripened fruits the which the earth had yold.
Spenser. Faerie Queene. Of Mutabilitie, c. 7.

To place, or stand, to be, at the side of; and also (met.) in collateral position; as pair or match, to match; to balance, to equipoise; to take the side or party, to espouse, to engage, to enlist in the cause or party.

For ther nas knygt in monylond, ny stalewarde man,
That in the o syde ther was; & al for a wommon.
R. Gloucester, p. 9.
Toward the south side turned thei thar flete,
Thar fader & thei o chance togider gan mete.

R. Brunne, p. 59. And thei schulen go aboute thee and make thee strait on alle sidis, and caste thee doun to the erthe, and thy sones that ben in thee.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 19.

For the dayes shal come vpon the, that thy enemyes shall caste a bancke about thee, and compasse the rounde, and kepe the in on euerye side, and make the euen with the grounde, with thy chyldren which are in the. Bible, 1551. Ib. But oon of the knyghtis openyde his side with a spere, and anoon blood and watir wente out.-Wiclif. Jon, c. 19.

But one of the soudiers with a speare, thruste him into the syde, and forthe with came there out bloude and water. Bible, 1551. Ib. The lady tho was crope a side, As she that wolde her seluen hide.-Gower. Con. 4. b. ii. It is great wonder that men caste Her herte vpon suche wronge to winne, Where no beyete maie be inne, And doth disease on euery side. Id. Ib. b. iii. Therefore crossing her arms, and looking a sideward, upon the ground, do what you will, said she, with us. Sidney. Arcadia, b. iii. But lyke as his seruauntes were seruyd, euyn soo became of hym, soo that he myghte goo or ryde frowarde or sydewarde, but towarde the chapell myght he in no wyse atteygne.-Fabyan. Chronyclé, c. 127.

They were compelled to fight as it were by companies and parts, by reason of bogs and marishes, with such sideling banks on the sides that they could keepe none araie.

Holinshed. Historie of Scotland. Mogall.

At their first incounter he ouerthrew the same Loth:

but immediatelie therevpon two Pictish horssemen running at Colgerme sidelingwise, bare him quite through.

Id. Ib. Conranus.

And ever closely eide Sir Satyrane, that glaunces might not glide: But his blinde eie, that sided Paridell, All his demeasnure from his sight did hide. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 9.

Vit. 'Tis impossible:

Foe, nor oppressing odds dare prove Vitelli,
If Clara side him, and will call him friend.

Beaum. & Fletch. Love's Cure, Act ii. sc. 2.
He sided there a lusty louely lasse,
And with some courtly termes the wench he bords,
He fains acquaintance, and as bold appeares
As hee had knowne that virgin twenty yeares.
Fairefar. Godfrey of Boulogne, b. xix. s. 77.
As I am confident

Thou dar'st not wrong thy birth and education
By yielding to a common servile rage
Of female wantonness, so I am confident
Thou wilt proportion all my thoughts to side
Thy equals, if not equal thy superiors.

Ford. Perkin Warbeck, Act i. sc. 2.

Aur. In my country, friend, Where I have sided my superiors.

Id. The Lady's Trial, Act i. sc. 1. Unnumber'd as the sands

Of Barca or Cyrene's torrid soil, Levied to side with warring winds, and poise Thir lighter wings. Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii. These thoughts may startle well, but not astound The virtuous mind, that ever walks attended By a strong-siding champion, conscience.--Id. Comus. Kings had need beware, how they side themselves and make themselves as of a faction or party; for leagues within the state, are ever pernicious to monarchies. Bacon. Ess. On Faction.

All rising to great place, is by a winding staire; and if there be factions, it is good, to side a man's selfe, whilest he is in the rising: and to ballance himselfe, when he is placed.

Id. Ess. On Great Place.

Set with pearles, downe sleeues, side sleeues, and skirts, round vnderborn with a blewish tinsel.

Shakespeare. Much Adoe about Nothing, Act iii. sc. 4. Such converts are sure to be beset with diverse sorts of adversaries; as the papists and their siders. Sheldon. Mir. of Antichrist, (1616,) Pref.

I defined heresy, not merely a mistake of judgment, (though in fundamentals) but espousing such erroneous judgment, either teaching and disseminating it, or openly supporting and assisting those that do, siding with them in it.-Waterland. Works, vol. v. p. 86.

He is much offended that you do stickle and keep on foot such questions, which may be better sopited and silenced than maintained and drawn into sidings and partakings.

Wood. Athenæ Oxon. vol. ii.

Man's sickly soul, though turn'd and toss'd for ever,
From side to side, can rest on nought but thee:
Here, in full trust; hereafter, in full joy.

Young. Complaint, Night 9. Whereas the chaffering with dissenters, and dodging about this or the other ceremony, is but like opening a few wickets, and leaving them at jar, by which no more than one can get in at a time, and that not without stooping, and sideling, and squeezing his body. Swift. Against abolishing Christianity.

But lo! the storm itself assistance lends,
While one assaults, another wave defends:
This lays the sidelong alder on the main,
And that restores the leaning bark again.

Rowe. Lucan. Pharsalia, b. v. Yet all this while I have been sailing with some side-wind or other toward the point I proposed in the beginning: the greatness and excellency of an heroic poem, with some of the difficulties that attend that work.

Dryden. Dedication to the Eneis. This house is generally at the root of a tree, but not of that upon which their other dwellings are constructed; it is formed like an irregular sided cone. Cook. First Voyage, b. ii. c. 6.

A man o' the town dines late, but soon enough,
With reasonable forecast and dispatch,

T' ensure a side-box station at half price.

SIDERAL. SIDE REAL. SIDERATED. SIDERA'TION.

Cowper. Task, b. ii. Fr. Sydéral, sydération; It. Sidereo; Sp. Sidereo; Lat. Sidereus, from sidus, a star, or rather constellation, from Gr. Eidos, forma, species; sunt enim sidera formæ sive figuræ cælestes e stellis, (Vossius.)

As for the misliking of trees (called sideratio) whereby they consume, wither away, and crumble to powder, it is a thing caused only of the weather and influence of some planet, (Holland,