him from whom they come, and therefore how men either then, or before or sithence should be made partakers of them, there can be no way imagined, but onely by imputation. Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. v. § 56. Peraduenture the Church hath not now the leisure which it had then, or else those things whereupon so much time was then well spent, haue sithence that lost their dignitie and worth. If the reading of the law, the Prophets and Psalmes bee a part of the seruice of God, as needful vnder Christ as before, and the adding the New Testament, as profitable as the ordaining of the Old to bee read; if therewith in stead of Jewish prayer it bee also for the good of the church to annexe that varietie which the apostle doth com mend; seeing that the time which wee spend is no more then the orderly performance of these things necessarily required, why are wee thought to exceed in length? Id. Ib. § 32. SINA/PISM. Fr. Sinapiser; It. Senapismo; Cataplasm, ex sinapi; i.e. of mustard.

The places ought before the application of those topicke medicines, to be well prepared with the razour, and a sinapisme or rubicative made of mustard-seed, untill the place look red.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxix. c. 6.

SINCERE.
SINCERELY.

SINCE RENESS.
SINCERITY.

of wax (cera).

Fr. Sincère; It. Sincèro; Sp. Sincero; Lat. Sincerus, i. e. sine cera, applied to honey freed or cleansed from the mixture And thus generally--

Freed from impurity, from any thing foul. polluted or corrupt, from filth or foulness, pollution or corruption; unmixed, unalloyed, uncorrupt. And further,

Pure, candid, ingenuous, faithful; free or frank. Sine vulnere corpus sincerunque fuit, i. e. sound, entire. See the second quotation from Dryden, and that from Hooker.

I auns were that master Wickliffe was noted while he was liuing, to be a man not onely of most famous doctrine, but also of a very sincere life and conuersation.

Fryth. Workes, p. 117.

Seldome or neuer shall you find commonwealths or gouernment, which is absolutely and sincerely made of any of them aboue named, but alwaies mixed with another, and bath the name of that which is more, and ouer-ruleth the other alwaies or for the most part.-Smith. Commonwealth, b.i. c.6.

If they, or any of them do depose, that I have not sincerely and wholly declared as is contained in the second article, let him and every of them be examined, in virtue of their oath,

how they do know it, and by what means.

State Trials. Edw. VI. 1550. Bonner.

It was the necessitie not of preaching things agreeable with the word, but of reading the word it selfe at large to the people, which caused churches throughout the world to haue publique care, that the sacred oracles of God being procured by common charge, might with great sedulitie be kept both intire and sincere.

Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. v. § 22. But if a man would know the true and syncere vermillion indeed, it ought to have the rich and fresh colour of skarlet. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxiii. c. 7.

And think all cunning, all proceeding one,
And nothing simple, and sincerely done.

Daniel. Ded. of the Queen's Arcad.

Ot. I rest as far from wrong of sincereness,
As he flyes from the practice, trust me madam,

I know by their confessions, he suborn'd,
What I should eat, drink, touch, or only have scented.
Beaum. & Fletch. The Bloody Brother, Act iii. sc. 1.
You mend old shooes well, mend your old manners better,
And suddenly see you leave off this sincereness.
Id. Women Pleas'd, Act iv. sc. 1.

But as a man that lov'd no great commerce
With bus'ness and with noise, he ever flies
That maze of many ways, which might disperse
Him into other men's uncertainties:
And with a quiet calm sincerity,
H' effects his undertakings really.

Daniel. A Funeral Poem.

And a good man may likewise know when he obeys God sincerely. Not but that men often deceive themselves with an opinion, or at least a groundless hope of their own sincerity; but if they will deal fairly with themselves, and use due care and diligence, there are very few cases (if any) wherein they may not know their own sincerity in any act of obedience to God; For what can a man know concerning Aimself, if not the reality of his own intentions? Tillotson, Ser. 15.

The whole time of war ought to be a time of general mourning; a mourning in the heart, a mourning much more sincere than on the death of one of those princes whose accursed ambition is often the sole cause of war. Knox. On the Folly of War.

Let us consider also, that sincerity is a duty no less plain than important; that our consciences require it of us, and reproach us for every breach of it; that the light of nature taught it the very heathens, though imperfectly, as it did every thing else; and that scripture abounds with the strictest precepts of it, and strongest motives to it. Id. vol. iii. Ser. 8.

SI'NDON. Lat. Sindon; Gr. Zivowv, fine

Bold, firm and graceful, are thy generous youth,

By hardship sinew'd, and by danger fir'd,
Scattering the nations where they go.-Thomson. Summer.
The son of Letus, brave Pelasgus' heir,
Hippothous, dragg'd the carcase through the war;
The sinewy ancles bor'd the feet he bound
With thongs, inserted through the double wound.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xvii.

Then wither'd weakness foils the sinewy arm
Of man's meridian and high-hearted power.

SING, v. SI'NGER. SINGING, n. SI'NGINGLY. SONG. SO'NGISH. SO'NGLESS. SO'NGSTER. SO'NGSTRESS.

p.

2.

So'nNET.

Hullon. Course of Mathematicks, vol. ii. SINECURE. Lat. Sine cura, without care. See the quotation from Blackstone.

But oh the nymph that mounts above the skies,
And, gratis, clears religion's mysteries,
Resolv'd the church's welfare to ensure,
And make her family a sine-cure.

Young. Love of Fame, Sat. 5.

The great patent offices in the exchequer are in reality and substance no other then pensions, and in no other light shall I consider them. They are sinecures. They are

always executed by deputy. The duty of the principal is as

nothing.-Burke. On Economical Reform.

When the clerk so presented is distinct from the vicar, the rectory thus invested in him becomes what is called a sine-cure; because he hath no cure of souls, having a vicar under him to whom that cure is committed. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 2.

SI'NEW, n. A. S. Sina, sine, sinew, sinewa, SI'NEW, v. sinu, nervus. Dut. Senue, sinuwe; SI'NEWLESS. Ger. Sene. In old English also SI'NEWY. written Sin: "And karf atoo SI'NEWISH. a veyn, and the next sin," SI'NEWOUS. (P. T., v. 588.) Lye, in Junius. Applied, consequentially, toStrength, might, firmness, vigour, energy.

Usage of labour is a gret thing; for it maketh, as sayth Seint Bernard, the labourer to have strong armes and hard sinewes.-Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

It is not the bones, nor the sinowes, nor the fleshe that hangeth thereon, but it is the highest parte of man, the very soule of man, hee is the grounde and auctor of all conscupisence.-Fryth. Workes, p. 269.

By that which lately hapned, Una saw
That this her knight was feeble, and too faint;
And all his sinewes woxen weake and raw,
Through long enprisonment, and hard constraint.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 10.

And aske the ladie Bona for thy queene;
So shalt thou sinow both these lands together,
And hauing France thy friend, thou shalt not dread
The scattred foe, that hopes to rise againe.

Shakespeare. 3 Pt. Hen. VI. Act ii. sc. 6.
Whose sinewed wings (in their resistless course)
Beat the thin air, with such a violent force,
That the light birds dropt headlong from the skies.
Drayton. The Owl.
All that ever was said against these helps to beauty,
seems to many wise women weak and sinewless.

Bp. Taylor. Artificial Handsomeness, p. 194. That first and virgin birth of thine Be so articulate, so masculine, So truly limb'd, so sinewy, so compact, So sweetly fair, so every way exact, As may endure the most judicious touch.

Drayton. Barons' Wars, b. i. His [Hugh de Lacie] neck was short, and his bodie hairie, as also not fleshie but sinewish and strong compact. Holinshed. Conquest of Ireland, c. 24. His [Meilerius] armes and other lims more sinewous than fleshie, a stout and a valiant gentleman he was and emulous.-Id. lb. c. 10.

In the principal figures of a picture, the painter is to employ the sinews of his art, for in them consists the principal beauty of his work.

Dryden. Paral. between Poetry & Painting.

These seats our sires, a hardy kind,
To the fierce sons of war confin'd,
The flower of chivalry, who drew
With sinew'd arm the stubborn yew.-Tickell. Ode.

SONNETTE ER. So'NNETING, n. SO'NNETIST.

Young. On Public Affairs, p. 417.

Sw. Sjunga; Dut. Singhen; Ger. Singen; A. S. Sing-an; Goth Sigguan, legere, to read: sigguan lokos, legere libros (Luc. iv. 16), to read, to recite. Applied to the reading of numbers of persons, the murmuring sound of numbers reading, their chant, or musical modulation of voice in reading or recitation; and hence

To utter vocal sounds in tune or harmony, in musical proportion or concord; to write or speak in verse, in poetry; to record, to relate, to rehearse, to celebrate in verse or poetry. Applied also to the vocal utterance of certain birds; to sounds resembling the strains of musick. Song, any thing songe, songen, or sung.

So gret & murye was that song, that me song ther inne
wyde,
That the folc stod, that ther were, as hii were y nome.
R. Gloucester, p. 190.

Better him wer with eise in clostre haf led his life,
The seruise of his song recorded and lered.

R. Brunne, p. 172.

& thi messe songen. Id. Ib.. And ich sang that song tho. and so dude meny hondred. Piers Plouhman, p. 377. And ich y saved as ge may see. with oute syngynge of masse.-Id. p. 206.

Hauynge the harpis of God and syngynge the song of Moises the seruaunt of God, and the song of the Lombe. Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 15. Hauing the harpes of God, & they songe the songe of Moses the seruaut of God, and the songe of the Lambe.

These birdes, that I you deuise,
They song her song as faire and well,
As angels done espirituell,

And trusteth me, when I hem herde,
Full lustie and well I ferde:
For never yet such melodie
Was heard of man that mighte die.

Bible, 1551. Ib.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose.

In a foreste alone he was
He sawe vpon the grene gras
The faire floures fresshe springe,
He herd among the leues singe

The throstel, with the nyghtingale. Gower. Con. A. b. i.

Whan that she sigh the bowes thicke,

And that there is no bare sticke,

But all is hid with leaues grene.
To woodde cometh this Philomene,
And maketh hir firste yers flight,
Where as she singeth daie and night:
And in hir songe all openly
She maketh hir plaint.-Id. Ib. b. v.
But wolde God that nowe were one

An other suche as Arione

Whiche had an harpe of suche temprure

And therto of good measure

He songe, that he the beastes wilde

Made of his note tame and milde.-Id. Ib. Prol

For when I wolde with hir glade,
And of hir loue songes make :
She saide, it was not for hir sake,
And liste not my songes here,

Ne witen, what the wordes were.-Id. Ib. b. i.

Nowe since I haue performed euery part
Of thy commaunde, as neare as tonge can tell,
Content thee yet before my muse depart,
To take this sonet for my last farewell.

Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew of Bathe.

And them before, the fry of children yong
Their wanton sportes and childish mirth did play,
And to the maydens sownding tymbrels song
In well attuned notes a ioyous lay.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 12.

And when the fire
Of appetite was quencht; the muse inflam'd
The sacred singer. Of men highliest fam'd,
He sung the glories; and a poeme pend,
That in applause, did ample heauen ascend.

In Venice Tasso's echoes are no more,
And silent rows the songless gondolier;
Her palaces are crumbling to the shore,
And music meets not always now the ear.

Byron. Childe Harold's Pilgrim c. 4. s. 3.

A suite of tales was published by George Whetston, a sonnet-writer of some rank, and one of the most passionate among us to bewail the perplexities of love!

Warton. History of English Poetry, vol. iii. p. 483. SINGE, v. Dut. Senghen; Ger. Sengen; SINGINGLY.A. S. Sangan, ustulare, urere, adurere; to scorch,-to mark (by scorching or burning or by "nipping cold," Holland's Plinie:) Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. viii. perhaps originally to mark, or make a mark or Their diriges, their trentals, and their shrifts, sign. Their memories, their singings, and their gifts. Spenser. Mother Hubberd's Tale. Counterfaite courtiers-speaking lispingly, and answering singingly-North. Philosopher at Court, (1575), p. 16.

This sing-song was made on the English by the Scots,
after they were flush'd with victory over us in the reign of
king Edward the second.-Fuller. Worthies. Barkshire.
Assist me some extemporall god of rime, for I am sure I
shall turne sonnet.
Shakespeare. Loue's Labour Lost, Activ. sc. 3.
Nor list I sonnet of my mistress' face,
To paint some blowesse with a borrowed grace.
Bp. Hall, b. 1. Sat. 1.
Yea, and the prophet of the heav'nly lyre,
Great Solomon, sings in the English quire;
And is become a new-found sonnetist,
Singing his love, the holy spouse of Christ.-Id. Sat 8.

Leavie groves now mainely ring,
With each sweet birds sonneting,
Notes that make the ecchoes long.

Browne. Thyrsis' Praise to his Mistress.

For, fro' thy makings, milke and melly flowes,
To feed the songster-swaines with art's soot-meats.
Browne. Egl. Willie & Wernock.

War, he sung, is toil and trouble;
Honour but an empty bubble;
Never ending, still beginning,
Fighting still, and still destroying;
If the world be worth thy winning,
Think, O think, it worth enjoying.

Dryden. Alexander's Feast.

I ne'er with wits or witlings pass'd my days,
To spread about the itch of verse and praise;
Nor like a puppy, daggled through the town
To fetch and carry sing-song up and down.

Pope. Prol. to Salires.
Here seem'd the singer touch'd at what he sung,
And grief a while delay'd his hand and tongue.

Parnell. To Lord Visc. Bolingbroke.

The recitative part of the opera requires a more masculine beauty of expression and sound: the other, which for want of a proper English word) I must call the songish part, must abound in the softness and variety of numbers, it's principal intention being to please the hearing, rather than to gratifie the understanding.

Dryden Pref. to Albion's England.
Join'd to these
Innumerous songsters, in the freshening shade
Of new-sprung leaves, their modulations mix
Mellifluous.

While Philomel is ours; while in our shades,
Through the soft silence of the listening night,

To scorch,-to burn so as to mark the surface, not deeper than the surface.

Thou sayst also, I walke out like a cat;
For who so wolde senge the cattes skin,
Than wol the cat wel dwellen in hire in.

Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 5929.

Hire bord was served most with white and black,
Milk and broun bred, in which she fond no lack,
Seinde bacon, and sometime an ey or twey.

Id. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 14,849. Wee tearme their eies to bee inflamed, sendged, and bloudshotten, when their buds be blasted. Holland. Plinie, b. xvii. c. 24. The corns of the ordinarie wheat Triticum, being parched or rosted upon a red hot yron, are a present remedie for those who are scorched and sindged with nipping cold. Id. lb. b. xxii. c. 25.

But to answer more home to the purpose, I confess that the bodies of devils may be not only warm, but sindgingly hot, as it was in him that took one of Melanchthon's relations by the hand, and so scorched her, that she bare the mark of it to her dying day. More. Antidote against Atheism, App.

The scorching flames climb round on every side:
Then the sing'd members they with skill divide;
On these, in rolls of fat involv'd with art,
The choicest morsels lay from every part.

Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. xiv. If you want paper to singe a fowl, tear the first book you see about the house.-Swift. Rules for Servants in general.

SINGLE, adj. SINGLE, v. SINGLENESS. SINGLY. SINGULAR, adj. SI'NGULAR, n.

Fr. Single, singulaire; It. Singulare; Sp. Singular; Lat. Singulus, of unsettled etymology. Vossius resorts to the Hebrew. Martinius suggests signatum, the one marked. Others—sine angulo, or semel unum. One, only, alone, simple, particular, individual; separate, disunited. To single, to take one from more, to select, to separate.

SI'NGULARIST.

SINGULARITY.

SI'NGULARLY.

Singular,-particular, especial, peculiar, extraordinary, uncommon.

And yet say I more, that right as a singuler persone sinneth in taking vengeaunce of another man, right so sinneth the juge, if he do no vengeaunce of hem that it han deserved.-Chaucer. Tale of Melibeus.

For certes repentance of a singuler sinne, and not repentant of all his other sinnes; or elles repenting him of all his other sinnes, and not of a singuler sinne, may not availe. Id. The Persones Tale.

But whan the soule beholdeth, and seeth the high thought, that is to saine God, than knoweth it togither the somme Thomson. Spring. and singularities, that is to sain, the principles, and eueriche of hem by hymself.-Id. Boecius, b. v. Singulerly by himselfe ther reason faileth. Id. The Testament of Loue, b. iii. There was without werre pees, Without enuie loue stoode, Richesse vpon the commune good, And not vpon the singuler, Ordeined was.

The sober-suited songstress trills her lay.-Id. Summer.
And some have said, that once the humorous god,
Resolving all such scribblers to confound,
For the short sonnet order'd this strict bound:
Set rules for the just measure, and the time,
The easy running and alternate rhyme.

Dryden. The Art of Poetry.
Who weaves the chaplet, or provides the bays,
For such wool-gathering sonnetteers as these?
Swift. A Poem by Dr. Delany.

He [Green] was at this time a pastoral sonnet-maker and author of several things which were pleasing to men and women of his time.-Wood. Fasti Oxon. vol. i.

This curious piece, [a song or catch in praise of the cuckow] which is thought to be "the most ancient English song, with (or without) the musical notes, any where extant," is preserved in a manuscript of the Harleian Library, in the Museum.-Ritson. Ancient Songs, vol. i. p. 1.

Gower. Con. A. b. vii. Gods law is pure and single: loue thy neighbour, whether he be good or bad. And by loue God meaneth, to helpe at nede.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 201.

But looke that thine eye be single and robbe not Christ of his honour, ascribe not that to ye deseruyng of thy workes, which is geuen you freely by the merites of his blood. Id. Ib. p. 75.

There he that write, how the offer was made by king Edmund for the auoiding of more bloudshed, that the two princes should trie the matter thus togither in a singular combat-Holinshed. Histrio of England. b. vii. c. 10.

And also I[Richard II.] renounce the name, worshyp & regaly, and kyngely hyghnesse, clerelye, frelye, syngulerlys and hooly, in the moost best maner and fourme that I may. Fabyan. Chronycle, an. 1399.

And they cōtinued daily with one accorde in the têple, & brake breade in euery house, and dyd eate their meate together, with gladnes and synglenes of heart pray synge God, & had fauoure with al the people.-Bible, 1551. Dedis, c. 2.

Seruauntes be obedyent vnto youre carnall masters, with

feare and tremblynge in singleness of youre heartes, as vnto Chryst. Id. Ephesians, c. 6.

Most sorry truly we be, that your grace, [Mary] whom we should otherwise honour for the king's majesty's sake, by your own deeds should provoke us to offend you; we do perceive great discommodity to the realm by your grace's singularity, if it may be so named, in opinion. State Trials, Edw. VI. an. 1551.

But singularly before God is it called vnrighteous mammon, because it is not bestowed, and ministred vnto our neighbors nede.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 71.

Yet did false Archimage her still pursew,
To bring to passe his mischievous intent,
Now that he had her singled from the crew

Of courteous knights.-Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 4. But he might have altered the shape of his argument, and explicated them better in single scenes.

Cor. That had been single indeed.

B. Jonson. Every Man out of his Humour, Act ii. sc. 1.
That you may know my single charity,
Freely I here remit all interest

I e'er could claim, and give you back your vows.
Ford. 'Tis Pity She's a Whore, Act iv. sc. I.

Wol. You haue heere lady,

(And of your choice) these reuerend fathers, men
Of singular integrity, and learning;
Yea, the elect o' th' land, who are assembled
To pleade your cause.

Shakespeare. Hen. VIII. Act ii. sc. 4.

So spake the fervent angel, but his zeal None seconded, as out of season judg'd, Or singular and rash, whereat rejoic'd The apostat. Millon. Paradise Lost, b. v. Eloquence would be but a poor thing, if we should only converse with singulars.-B. Jonson. Discoveries.

And in this course of setting down medicines, even as I meet with any hearbe of any singularilie, I wili raunge it there whereas I know it to be most soveraigne and effectua'l. Holland. Plinie, b. xxv. c. 9. Oftentimes we find our selves I know not how, singu larly delighted with the shew of such naturall rudenesse, and take great pleasure in that disorderly order. Spenser. Epistle to Maister Harvey.

And what delight to be by such extoll'd,
To live upon thir tongues and be thir talk,
Of whom to be disprais'd were no small praise,
His lot who dares be singularly good.

Millon. Paradise Regained, b. iii.
Him soon she singled from the flying train,
And slew with ease.

Dryden. Virgil. Æneis, b. xi. Ambergreese is a rare cordial for the refreshing of the spirits, and soveraign for the strengthning the head, besides the most fragrant scent, far stronger in consort when compounded with other things, then when singly it self. Fuller. Worthies. Cornwall.

You produce texts to show that the Father singly is the Supreme God, and that Christ is excluded from being the Supreme God but I insist upon it, that you misunderstand those texts-Waterland. Works, vol. i. p. 4.

Though according to the common course and practice of the world it be somewhat singular for men throughly to live up to the principles of their religion, yet singularity in this matter is so far from being a reflection upon any man's prudence, that it is a singular commendation of it.

Tillotson, Ser 1.

But it being plain, that there are besides singulars, other objects of the mind universal; from whence it seems to follow, that sensibles, are not the only things; some modern atheistick wits, have therefore invented this further devise to maintain the cause, and carry the business on.

Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 854.

Men not enduring to be termed a foppish simpleton, doting on speculations, and enslaved to rules; a fantastical humourist, a precise bigot, a rigid stoick, a demure sneaksby, a clownish singularist, or non-conformist to ordinary usage, a stiff opiniatre.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser 34.

Thou hast often seen,

From 'mongst the herd, the fairest and the best
Carefully singled out, and richly drest,
With grandeur mock'd, for sacrifice decreed,
Only in greater pomp at last to bleed.

Churchill The Times.

Even the pain which they might otherwise inflict, is prevented by a consciousness of having, with singleness of heart, espoused a cause beneficial to mankind, and founded on scriptural, as well as the highest human authority. Knox. Christian Philosophy, Pref

The love of singularity has too often a pernicious effect in disputing societies, and sometimes seminaries of learning; and it is highly prejudicial to that investigation of truth, which is the professed object of these institutions. Cogan. On the Passions, pt. ii. c. 2.

For had not Providence thus singularly provided for us, our Christmas cheer must have been salt beef and pork. Cook. Second Voyage, b. iv. c. 2. Lat. Singultus, a sob or sigh, which Vossius derives from singulus, because it rises separately or singly, and at some interval.

SINGULF. SINGULT.

There an huge heape of singulfes did oppresse
His strugling soule, and swelling throbs empeach
His faltring toung with pangs of drerinesse.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 11.

It proves that the man to whom it is shewn, has left his merit to stand or fall, as it might be able of itself; and in the honesty of an upright and ingenuous spirit, has scorned to use sinister and collusive arts to repel the weapons of envy and malice.-Knox. Winter Evenings, Even. 40.

SINK, v. Sw. Sjunka; Dut. Sincken; SINK, n. Ger. Sinker; A. S. Sinc-an, senSINKING, n. can; Goth. Sigu-an; deponere, subsidere, deprimere, demergere; to put or place down, to set or settle down: sinc, in A. S. was applied to any deposit, hoard, treasure; sequentially to any collection, to riches, filth collected and deposited.

con

And ever and anon, with singulfs rife, He cryed out, to make his undersong.

So when her teares were stopt from eyther eye
Her singults, blubbrings, seem'd to make them fiye.

SINISTER. SI'NISTERLY. SI'NISTROUS.

Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, b. ii. s. 1.

Fr. Sinistre It. Sinistro; Sp. Siniestro; Lat. Sinister, from the Gr. Apioτepos, which SI'NISTROUSLY. the editor of Lennep, with some speciousness, considers to be the comparative form of an obsolete adjective Apis, vehemens, a particle of which remains in api, vehementer, apiσrepos, vehementior; and thence, pejor, magis, infaustus, &c. And thence, it must be added, sinister is opposed to dexter, (qv.)

In English, the common usage, is

Opposed to the right, (sc. hand;) left, on the left-hand.

Opposed to right; ill or evil, treacherous. Opposed to good, or good fortune; unfortunate, unlucky.

I thought & yet thinke, that it may be that I was shet vp again, vpō some new causeles suspicio, growen peraduĕture vpon some secret sinister informacion.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1447.

Fox doubts not to say, 'That as general councils have sometimes been observed to err, so princes and parliaments may be sometimes informed by sinister heads.'

State Trials. Hen. VIII. an. 33.

Yet lest such as would be glad sinisterly to missecōster euery thyng towarde the clergy, might haue occasion to say ye matter were hotely hädeled agaist him to force hi to forbeare his suite of the premunire, the byshop therefore did the more forbeare.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 297.

And why should you so sinisterly judge the prince, that if ye had shewed these same unto him, he would have thought that ye had brought that tale unto him, more for the strengthning and confirmation of your opinion, than for any other thing else.-Burnet. Records, vol. i. pt. i. b. ii. No. 49.

But when these martiall garboiles are appeased, they are either through false informations wrongfullie behated, or else by enuious carpers sinister lie suspected.

Holinshed. Description of Ireland, c. 6.

And understood not all was but a shew
Rather than solid vertu, all but a rib
Crooked by nature, bent, as now appears,
More to the part sinister from me drawn.

Millon. Paradise Lost, b. x.

The heavens admit not these sinister and dexter respects; there being in them no diversity or difference, but a simplicity of parts, and equiformity in motion continually succeeding each other.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iv. c. 5.

For he concludes the Pythagoreans to have held two such substantial principles of good and evil, merely because they sometimes talkt of the contrarieties and conjugations of things, such as finite and infinite, dextrous and sinistrous, eaven and odd, and the like. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 221. Many in their infancy are sinistrously disposed, and divers continue all their life left-handed. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iv. c. 5.

The victor eagle, whose sinister flight
Retards our host, and fills our hearts with fright,
Dismiss'd his conquest in the middle skies,
Allow'd to seize, but not possess the prize.
Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. xli.

The reason was, that he [Nathanael] was a man without guile: he had an honest and upright heart, no sinister or lecular ends to serve, no evil affections to mislead him; therefore was he fitly disposed both to believe and embrace the Gospel.-Waterland. Works, vol. ix. p. 58.

But if they weren wrought of lime and ston;
They percen so, that thurgh the wall they gon;
And som of hem sinke doun into the ground,
(Thus have we lost by times many a pound.)

Chaucer. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16,378.
For I endure more hard pennaunce
Than any can saine or thinke,

That for the sorrow almost I sinke.-Id. Rom. of the R.

Nowe then vpon that other side
To tell my disobeisance

Full sore it stant to my greuance,

And maie not sinke in to my witte.-Gower. Con. A. b. i.
Alas! and who could thinke
So good a part so hard a happe should have?
A sweete perfume to fall into a sinke.

Gascoigne. The Fruites of Warre. The bailife that had the charge of the publick sinkes vaulted under the ground, dealt with Scaurus for good securitie.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxxvi. c. 2.

Whose corage when the feend perceiv'd to shrinke,
She poured forth out of her hellish sinke
Her fruitfull cursed spawne of serpents small,
(Deformed monsters, fowle, and blacke as inke.)

Estif. Green goose you are now in sippets.
Beaum. & Fletch. Rule a Wife & have a Wife, Act iv. sc. 1,
Ridotta sips and dances, till she see

The doubling lustres dance as fast as she.

Pope. Imitations of Horace, b. ii. Sat. 1. Charles sipped a little of the poisonous draught, but enough however to infect his whole conduct. Bolingbroke. On Parties, Let. 2.

"Adieu," Vinosa cries, ere yet he sips The purple bumper trembling at his lips, "Adieu to all morality! if grace

Make works a vain ingredient in the case.”

Cowper. Hope.

Ile cast him downe as deepe

As Tartarus (the brood of night) where Barathrum doth steepe Torment in his profoundest sinks.

Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. viii. Return, then, heroes! and our answer bear, The glorious combat is no more my care; Not till, amidst yon sinking navy slain, The blood of Greeks shall dye the sable main. Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. ix.

In short, the necessity of carrying a stamp, and the improbability of notifying a bloody battel will, I am afraid, both concur to the sinking of those thin folios, which have every other day retailed to us the History of Europe for several years last past.-Spectator No. 445.

When we are in want of necessaries, we must part with all superfluities; of which the value, as it rises in times of opulence and prosperity, so it sinks in times of poverty and distress.-Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 11.

SINQUE, i.e. Cinque, qv.

And you had such a pipe, that piped so sweetly,
You would dance to death, you have learnt your sinque a

pace.

Beaum. & Fletch. A Wife for a Moneth, Act iii. sc. 1.

SINUOUS. SINUO'SITY. SINUATED.

SINUA'TION.

Fr. Sinueux; It. Sinuoso; Lat. Sinuosus, from sinus, a bay, or bow; a curve or curvature, plait or fold.

Bowing or bending, curving, winding.

It would be tryed, how, and with what proportion of disadvantage, the voice would be carried in an horn, which is a line arched; or in a trumpet, which is a line retorted; or in some pipe that were sinuous. Bacon. Naturall Historic, § 132.

These as a line thir long dimension drew,
Streaking the ground with sinuous trace.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vii. Meander is a river in Lycia, a province of Natolia, or Asia Minor, famous for the sinuosity and often returning thereof. Drayton. Rosamond to K. Henry, Annotation Another was very perfect, somewhat less with the margin, and more sinuated.—Woodward. On Fossils.

The humane brain is, in proportion to the body, much larger than the brains of brutes, having regard to the size and proportion of their bodies, and fuller of ar fractus, or sinuations.-Ilale. Origin. of Mankind, p. 65.

Beneath th' incessant weeping of these drains,

I see the rocky syphons stretch'd immense,
The mighty reservoirs, of harden'd chalk,
Or stiff compacted clay, capacious form'd.

Thomson. Autumn.

He disdains to toss In rainbow dews their crystal to the sun; Or sink in subterranean cisterns deep; That so, through leaden siphons upward drawn, Those streams may leap fantastic. Mason. The English Garden, b. iii.

SIR. Fr. Sieur, sire; It. Ser, sère, dominus, SIRE. Contracted (Skinner) from the Fr. Seigneur; It. Signòre; Lat. Senior. (See SENIOR.) Applied first to

Seniors or elders, then as a title of rank, of respect generally. Sire (Skinner adds) is naturally the master (dominus) of the family; it is the elder of a family or race, the progenitor, the parent.

"Sire," quod heo, "bi hye Godes, Lordes of alle thyng,
Y loue more thi leue lyf than al that in the world ys.'
R. Gloucester, p. 30.

And suthe ich sauh hym sute. as he a syre were.
Piers Plouhman, p. 143.
"Sire knight," (quod he) "my maister and my lord,
Now draweth cutte, for that is min accorde.
Cometh nere," (quod he) "my lady prioresse,
And ye, sire clerk, let it be your shamefastnesse,
Ne studieth nought, lay hand to. every man."

Chaucer. Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, v. 839.
Than spake our hoste with rude speche and bold:
And sayd unto the Nonnes Preest anon,
"Come nere, thou Preest, come hither, thou sire John,
Telle us swiche thing, as may our hertes glade."
Id. The Nonnes Prestes Prologue, v. 14,824.
"Upon a night Jankin, that was our sire,
Red on his book, as 'he sate by the fire."

Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 6295. Paine and distresse, sickenesse, and ire, And melancholly that angrie sire, Ben of her paleis senatours.-Id. Rom. of the Rose. This bachiler was tho counsailed And wedded, and of thilke empire He was crouned lord and sire,

And all the lond him hath receiued.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii, The most ragged ronnagate, and idle idiote amonge theym, is no lesse the a syr, which is a lord in the Latin, as by? John, syr Thomas, syr William.-Bale. Image, pt. ii.

O worthinesse of nature, breed of greatnesse! "Cowards father cowards. and base things syre base."

Be not angrie

(Most mighty princesse) that I haue aduentur'd
To try your taking of a false report, which hath
Honour'd with confirmation your great judgement,
In the election of a sir, so rare,

Which you know, cannot erre.-Id. Ib. Act i. sc. 7.

SIREN. Lat. Siren; Gr.Zeipnves, from ειρ-είν, nectere, vincire, because they bind or hold fast listeners to their song; or from ovpei, trahere, because they attract them.

But it was wonder like to bee

Song of meremaidens of the see,
That for hir singen is so clere:

Though we meremaidens clepe hem here

In English, as is our vsaunce,

Men clepe hem sereins in Fraunce.-Chaucer. R. of the R.

Over-against the creeke Pæstanum, there is Leucasia, called so of a meremaid or sirene there buried. Holland. Plinie, b. iii. c. 7.

He also is so skill'd at the soft weapon, that by the fair insinuating carriage, by the help of the winning address, the syrene-mode or meen, can inspire poison, whisper in destruction to the soul.-Hammond, vol. iv. Ser. 1.

First, to the sirens ye shall come, that taint
The minds of all men, whom they can acq aint
With their attractions. Whosoeuer shall

(For want of knowledge mou'd) but heare the call
Of any siren: he will so despise

Both wife and children, for their sorceries,
That neuer home turnes his affection's streame:
Nor they take joy in him, nor he in them.

Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xii.
Next, where the sirens dwell, you plough the seas!
Their song is death, and makes destruction please.
Unblest, the man, whom music wins to stay
Nigh the curst shore, and listen to the lay;
No more that wretch shall view the joys of life.
His blooming offspring, or his beauteous wife!
Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. xii.
SIROCCO. It. Sirocco, scilòcco; Fr. Sirocco,
siroch. Menage fashions it from Eurus. Skinner
thinks it may be ventus Syriacus, or blowing from
Syria, which lies south-east of Italy. Libeccio,
is Lybian, or African.

SIRRAH. The writing of this word by Holland, Sirr-ha, seems to confirm the etymology of Minshew-Sir ha! adopted by Skinner and Junius.

She seeing mine eyes still on her were,
Soon, smilingly, quoth she,

Sirrah! look to your rudder there,
Why look'st thou thus at me?

Drayton. The Muses' Elysium, Nymph. 7.

Apelles could not endure that, but putting forth his head from behind the painted table, and scorning thus to be checked and reprooved, Sirrha, (quoth he,) remember you are but a shoemaker, and therefore meddle no higher I advise you, than with shoes.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxxv. c. 10.

SIRT. See SYRTES. Minshew says,-Sirtes, sandy places in the extreme parts of Africa, where the sands are moved in waves. Lat. Syrtes, from Zup-ew, trahere, to draw together. See the quotation from Sallust.

They discovered the immense and vast ocean of the courts to be all over full of flats, shelves, shallows, quicksands, crags, rocks, gulfs, whirlpools, sirts, &c.

Transl. of Boccalini, (1626,) p. 42.

When the sea begins to swell, and to be agitated by the winds, the waves roll along with them slime, sand, and stones of a prodigious size; so that as the wind shifts, the bed of the waters changes; and from this quality of dragging their channel they derive their name syrtes.

Rose. Sallust. The War against Jugurtha, p. 211. SIRUP, or Fr. Syrop; It. Siròppo; Low Lat. Sirupus or syrupus; from Gr. Zupias oros, succus Syriacus, because the use of syrups originated with the Syrians (Becman); or from the

SY'RUP.

SI'RUPT.

SIRUPY.

SISTER, n. SI'STER, v. SISTERHOOD. SI'STERLY.

Well could she sing and lustely
None halfe so well and seemely:
And cothe make in song such refraining.

It sate her wonder well to sing.-Id. Rom. of the Rose.

For thy my sonne, if thou wolt loue,

It silte the well to leaue pride,

And take humblesse on thy side,

The more of grace thou shalt gete.-Gower. Con. A. b. íl.

For if men shoulde trouthe seche,
And finde it not within a kynge,
It were an vnsittende thynge.

But shepheards (as Algrind used to say)
Mought not live ylike as men of the laye
With them it sits to care for their heire,
Enaunter their heritage doe impaire.

Id. Ib. b. vii.

Spenser. The Shepheard's Calender. May. The. The nightingale is sovereigne of song, Before him sits the titmouse silent bee; And I, unfit to thrust in skilfull throng, Should Colin make iudge of my fooleree.

SIT, v. Sitter. SITTING, n.

Id. Ib. November.

Sw. Sitta; Dut. Sitten; Ger. Sitzen; A. S. Sittan; Goth. Sitan, sedere::

But bisidis the cross of Jhesus stooden his moder and the sistir of his modir Marie Cleophe and Marie Maudeleyn. Wiclif. Jon, c. 19. Then stode by the crosse of Jesus his mother, and his mothers syster, Marye the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

So song the mighty muse she,
That cleped is Caliope,
And her seuen sisterne eke.

Cal. Yes, I do service for your sister here, That brings my own poor child to timeless death; She loves your friend Amintor, such another false-hearted Lord as you.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Maid's Tragedy, Act i. sc. 1. Thus have I given your lordship the best account I could of the sister-dialects of the Italian, Spanish, and French. Howell, b. ii. Let. 59.

And after much debatement My sisterly remorse confutes mine honour, And I did yeeld to him. Shakespeare. Meas. for Meas. Act v. sc. 1. And with her neeld composes Nature's own shape, of bud, bird, branch, or berry; That even her art sisters the natural roses

Shakespeare. Pericles, Act v. Ch. Her sister hears, and, furious with despair, She beats her breast, and rends her yellow hair. And, calling on Eliza's name aloud, Runs breathless to the place, and breaks the crowd. Dryden. Virgil. Æneis, b. iv. Well then we hear no more of this sisterly resemblance Warburion. Bolingbroke's Philosophy, Let. 3.

Wiclif. Luk, c. 22. For whether is greater, he that sytteth at meate or he that serueth? Is not he that sytteth at meate? And I am amonge you, as he that mynistreth.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

But at the laste whanne the ellevene disciplis saten at the mete, Jhesus apperide to hem and reprevede the unbileve of hem and the hardnesse of herte for thei bileviden not to hem that hadden seyen that he was risun fro deeth. Wielif. Mark, c. 16.

After that, he appered vnto the eleuen as they sate at meate and caste in their teth their vnbeleve and hardnes of herte because they beleued not them whiche had sene him after his resurrection.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

And he cam and took of the righthond of the sitter in the trone the book.-Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 5.

And he came and toke the boke oute of the ryghte hande of hym that sate vpon the seate.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

I wis he sitteth so nere mine hart,

To speake of him at eve or morrow,

It cureth me of all my sorrow.-Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose.

There founden thei at home sillynge
Lucrece his wife all enuironed
With women, whiche were abandoned
To werche.
Gower. Con. A. b. vii.

Which rynge bare of obliuion

The name, and that was by reason

That where on a finger it sate,

Anone his loue he so forvate,

As though he had it never knowe.-ld. lb. b. iv

SITE.

SITUATE.

SITUATED.

SITUATION.

Clarendon. Civil Wars, b. iv.

Also written scite. Barb. Lat. Situare; Fr. Situer; Lt. Sito, situare; Sp. Sitio, situar; Lat. Situs, which Vossius derives from sin-ere, nam unumquodque ibi situm est, hoc est, positum, ubi illud sivimus, hoc est, liquimus. It seems more easily (considering its meaning) to be formed from the obsolete past part. of sistere, sistitum, sistum, situm.

The place on which any thing stands; place, locality; seat, or settlement; the state or condition; the circumstances within which any one stands or is placed,

We ask nothing in gift to the foundation, but only the house and scite, the residue for the accustomed rent. Burnet. Records, vol. ii. b. ii. pt. ii. No. 30.

Set out with all this pomp, when this imperial stream, [Thames]

Himself establish'd sees amidst his wat'ry realm

His much-lov'd Henley leaves, and proudly doth pursue
His wood-nymph Windsor's seat, her lovely site to view.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 15.

The other but a child,
Compared with her phere, and Inglewood is call'd.
Both in their pleasant scites, most happily install'd.

Id. Ib. s. 30.

Above were sited the masquers, over whose heads he devised two eminent figures.-B. Jonson. Masques at Court.

He [King Hen. VIII.] conferred on him [John Tregonwell] and his heirs the rich demesne and scite of Middleton, a mitred abby in Dorsetshire. possessed at this day by his posterity.-Fuller. Worthies. Cornwall.

Without the hall, and close vpon the gate,

A goodly orchard ground was situate,

Of neare ten acres; about which, was led

A loftie quickset.—Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. vii.

Then to the snowy rocke, they next withdrew;

And to the close of Phoebus orient gates:

The nation then of dreames; and then the states
Of those soules idols, that the weary dead
Gaue vp in earth: which, in a flowry mead
Had habitable situation.

Three colours, black, and red, and white,
So graceful in their proper place,
Remove them to a different scile,
They form a frightful hideous face.

Id. Ib. b. xxiii.

Nor did the shores and woods appear less destitude of wild fowl; so that we hoped to enjoy with ease, what, in our situation, might be called the luxuries of life. Cook. Second Voyage, b. i. c. 4.

SITHE, (time.) See SINCE.

}

SITHE. A, S. Sithe; and although SI'THED, or written without the c, it may be SCYTHE. from A. S. Scead-an. to sever or separate or otherwise from A. S. Sig-an, Sw. Sig-a, procidere.

:

That which severs, cuts, mows, hews.
Yf he do hit smythie,

In to sykel ōth into sithe, to shar other to culter.
Piers Plouhman, p. 61.
As touching the very sythes, there be two sorts of them.
For those of Italie be shorter than other, easie to handle and
weld.-Holland. Plinie, b. xviii. c. 28.

Time had not scythed all that youth begun,
Nor youth all quit; but, spite of heaven's fell rage,
Some beauty peep'd through lattice of sear'd age.
Shakespeare. A Lover's Complaint.

The stooping sytheman, that doth barb the field,
Thou mak'st wink sure; in night all creatures sleep.
Marston. Malcontent.
Time, cruel time, come and subdue that brow,
Which conquers all but these; and thee too stays,
As if she were exempt from scythe or bow,
From love or years unsubject to decays.-Daniel, s. 23.
Thou saw'st great burden'd ships through these thy
vallies pass,

Where now the sharp-edg'd scythe shears up the spiring
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 16.

grass.

2 Qu. Honoured Hippolita Most dreaded Amazonian, thou hast slain The sith-tusk'd bore.

Beaum & Fletch. The Two Noble Kinsman, Act i. sc. 1. Elate the mingled prospect he surveys Of glitt'ring files unnumber'd, chariots scyth'd, Ou thund'ring axles roll'd.

The seeking for a fortune then, is but a desperate after game: it is a hundred to one, if a man fling two sizes and recover all; especially, if his hand be no luckier than mine. Cowley. The Danger of Procrastination.

SIZE, v. SIZE, n. SI'ZAR.

i.e. to assise, to cess or assess; to impose a tax or rate at an assize or session; generally-to impose a tax, a rate; to rate the measure, weight, quantity, portion.

A size at Cambridge is a portion of bread or drink, which scholars (sizars) have at the buttery. To size is to set down how much they take on their names in the buttery book. (Minshew.) Continual claims I've made, injunctions got To stay my rival's suit, that he should not Proceed; spare me, in Hillary term I went; You said, if I return'd next 'size in Lent, I should be in remitter of your grace.

See SIZE, ante. Size, as applied to bulk, seems to be to (see Skinner,)—– A rated, apportioned, proportioned, bulk, bigness, largeness, (magnitude or quantity;) proportioned to some standard; 01 usual growth, or stature: as, a man of good size, a tree of good size.

To size,-to apportion, to arrange or rank according to bulk; to give bulk or bigness to.

Sizes in Shakespeare ( Lear),—is apportioned, settled measure or quantity.

The act spoken of in Fabyan is called in Rastal, "An acte for assize of fuel ;" and it fixes the quantity of coals to a sack, and the dimensions of different sorts of fire-wood, shides, billets, fag

Belinus call'd his painted tribes around,
And rough with many a veteran scar,
Swept the pale legions with the scythed car,
While baffled Cæsar fled to gain
An easier triumph on Pharsalia's plain.

SIX. SIXTH. SIX-TEEN. SIX-TY.

Warton, Ode 21. Fr. Six; It. Sei; Sp. Seiz; Lat Sex; Gr. Et, undoubtedly (says Lennep) from exew, though the cause of signification is not plain. Scheidius conjectures that it is ek, or eĘ, beyond, in addition to, (from an obsolete verb signifying cedere, accedere; the root is probably the verb ic-an, to eke, to add,) and applied-to the number one more than five, i.e. than the number of fingers on the hand; or to the first unit added from the second hand to the number five already counted on the first.

Six-teen,-six and ten; six-ty,-six tens, or six times ten.

Eneas bi gan hys of spryng to Lumbardie first brynge
Thre thousant & sixe & tuenti ger fro tho worldes bi
gynnynge.
R. Gloucester, p. 10.

& the sixthe [age] to the incarnacion,
That is, forte God was y bore.

Id. p. 9.

Indeed if we consider the advantage of its scituation, [Leon] we may find it surpassing most places for health and pleasure in America; for the country about it is of a sandy soil, which soon drinks up all the rain that falls, to which these parts are much subject.-Dampier. Voyages, an. 1685.

Thus situated, we began to clear places in the woods, in order to set up the astronomer's observatory, the forge to repair our iron work, tents for the sail-makers and coopers to repair the sails and casks in; to land our empty casks, to Bili water, and to cut down wood for fewel; all of which were absolutely necessary occupations.

Cook. Second Voyagé h. i. c. 4.

And sche also hath conseyved a sone in hir eelde, and this monethe is the sixte to hir that is clepid bareyn. Wiclif. Luk, c. 1. And beholde thy cose Elizabeth she hath also cōceaued a sōne in her age. And this is her syæt moneth, though she be called barren.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

And sum makith an hundrid fold, treuly another sixty fold and another thritti fold.—Wiclif. Matthew, c. 13

Parte fell in good ground, and brought forth good frut some an hundred folde, some sixty fold, some thirtie folde. Bible, 1551. 15.

Also this yere was an acte of parliament for wood and coal to kepe the fulle sise after the purification of our ladie, that shall be in the yere of our Lorde 1543 that no man shall bargaine, sell, bryng, or conueigh of any other sise, to be vttered or solde, vpon pain of forfaiture.

Fabyan. Chronycle. Henry VIII. continued.
When as the age was long, the size was great;
Man's growth confess'd and recompens'd the meate;
So spacious and large, that every soul
Did a fair kingdom and large realm control.
Donne. Anatomy of the World, p. 177.
Tis not in thee

To grudge my pleasures, to cut off my traine
To bandy hasty words, to scant my sizes
And in conclusion, to oppose the bolt
Against my comming in.-Shakes. Lear, Act. ii. sc. 4.
Now what my loue is, proofe hath made you know,
And as my loue is siz'd, my feare is so.

Id. Hamlet, Act ill. sc. 2.

Witty. Tush, you shall never come to farther answer for't;

Can you confess your penurious uncle,

In his full face of love, to be so strict

A nigard to your Commons, that you are fair

To size your belly out with shoulder fees?

Beaum. & Fletch. Wit at several Weapons, Act ii. sc. 1. Now all the horrours of the heavens he spies, And monstrous shadows of prodigious size, That, deck'd with stars, lie scatter'd o'er the skies. Addison. Ovid. Metam. b. ii. From east to west. look all the world around, Two troops so match'd were never to be found: Such bodies built for strength, of equal age, In stature siz'd; so proud an equipage: The nicest eye could no distinction make. Where lay th' advantage, or what side to take.

Dryden. Palamon & Arcite. He should be purged sweated, vomited, and starved, till he come to a sizeable bulk.-Arbuthnot.

He found here some cockles of so enormous a size that one of them was no more than two men could eat, and a great variety of other shell-fish.

Cook. First Voyage, b. iii. c. 4.

By their joint labours, the whole was drawn out, and digested into a sizeable volume, which came out in 1727. and was entitled, The Legal Judicature in Chancery stated. Hurd. Life of Warburton.