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similarity between simple ideas, 328 n.;
on difference, 329; on cause and effect,
340 ff.

HUXLEY, T. H., on the meaning of
'soul,' 37; his diagrams, 297 n.; his
views on talent, 448

Idea (i) as general term, for all presenta-
tions, 23; conflict of, 201 ff., 306
Idea (ii) as general term for all re-presen-
tations, 46, 52, 69, 77, 169; 'spon-
taneous' revival of, 235 f.; see Image
Idea (iii) in thought and constructive
imagination, 184; as implicit or 'tied,'
184, 185; as 'free,' 184; presupposes
perceptual complexity, 187 fin.; its
emergence and further developments,
189-201; generic, 189, psychological
and logical distinguished, 190; specific
(a', a",...), 189, 190; connexion of
generic and specific, 200
Idealism, subjective, 30
Ideation, see also Imagination; genesis
and development of, 178-91; (a) the
subjective side of this genesis, 180-3;
(b) the objective side, 184-91,; types
of, 198 n., 239 fin.

Identity, real, 165 f.; as a category,

332 ff.; two meanings of, 332; unity
and plurality involved in both, 333;
material I., 333 f.; numerical, 334
Image, see also Idea (ii); no simple,
169 f.; lacks fixity, 171 f.; transitional
stages between impression and I.,
174 ff.; proper, described, 177 f.; not
a revived impression, 177, nor the mere
residuum of one, 179; 'generic,' 190 n.,
199, 200, 299, 305, 306, 307
Imagination, or Ideation, ch. vii; forms a
secondary continuum, 173, 177; con-
nexion of this with the primary con-
tinuum, 177 f.; 'liberty' of, contrasted
with fixity of memory, 206
Imitation, and language, 290
Immediacy, 32, 41, 463
Impersonalisation, 366
Impressions, 103, 105; recognition of,

142; localisation of, 144; distinction of
I. and ideas, 169-78; 'liveliness' or
vividness of, 171, 177; forms interme-
diate between I. and ideas, 174 ff.;
absolute, 185 n.
Inattention, 62, 63
Incopresentability, 80

Individual, the psychological, 74 f., 77,
286, 408, 416 fin., 429; the concrete,
409, 417; and heredity, 420-9; and
characterology, 430 ff.
Individuality, 288 n., 289, 420 n.
Inneity, 451

Instinct, 53 m., 74 f., 181 f., 279, 384;
and Anlage, 429, 443 f.; and talent,
448 f.

Integration, as accompanying differentia-
tion, 139 f.
Intellect, Intellection, Aristotle's passive
and active, 4 f.; as distinct from merely
understanding, 294; general character
of, 294, 295, 302 f.; difficulty of de-
fining, 294 f.; development of, 303ff.;
relation of, to character, 453-6; and in-
telligence distinguished, 455 f.
Intellective systems, 311 f.

Intellectualism, 19-21; and evolution, 20;
reaction against, 20, 42

Intensity, as the 'matter' of presentation,
49, 107; Kant on this, 49 m.; 'limi-
nal' or minimal, 69, 89; effective, its
constituents, 69, 118f.; of images,
170 f.; and feeling, 248 f., 263 f., 266
Interest, Interesting, 51, 255, 268 fin.,
388, 392, 410 f., 414 f.
'Internal Sense,' 14-16
Intersubjective intercourse, 33, 286 n.,
366 fin., 381, 396, 463 n.
Introjection, 103

Introspection, 15; as retrospection, 373
Intuition, of things, 142, 161-7; items
involved in, 161; reality, 161f.; physi-
cal solidity, 162 f., 166; temporal and
spatial relations of sense-data, 163 ff.;
thing and its attributes, 166f.; forms of,
318 ff.
Inwardness (of self), 376

JACKSON, HUGHLINGS, quoted, 190,
2772.

JAMES, W., on the self or subject, 39 n.,
379 f., 381 n.; on 'feeling of effort,'
137 n.; on 'space inside the mouth,'
154 m.; his theory of emotion, 270-5;
anticipations of, 270n.; on subcon-
scious assimilation, 241; on religious
geniuses, 468

Judgment, thought as, 305 f.; impersonal,
306 f.; definition of, 314 f.

KANT, and rational psychology, 13; on
external and internal sense, 14, 380;
on things per se, 18; his 'two stems
of knowledge, 33 n., 294 fin.; on syn-
thesis, 69, 316; his manifold,' 77; his
handling of the characteristics of sensa-
tions, 107; on schemata, 297 n.; on
apperception, 308; on forms of intu-
ition, 319; on self, 363 n.; on tem-
peraments, 437 n., 439 n.; on genius,
450

KELLER, HELEN, case of, referred to, 291
Kinaesthetic sensations, 136, 137
Knowledge, distinction of sense-K. and
thought-K., 32 f., 86, 292-5; genesis
of, 359 f.

KRIES, J. VON, referred to, 161 nn.

LADD, G. T., referred to, 87 n., 266n.

LANGE, C., theory of emotion, 270
Language, 34, 190 n.; as social instru-
ment, 286; leading features of its
acquisition, 286-92; transition from
emotional expression to intentional sign,
286 f.; characteristics of the higher
apes and man, 288; individuality and
its recognition, 288 ff.; smallness of
primitive communities and prestige of
their head, 290; gesture and articula-
tion, 290 f.; varied experiences and
impressibility, 291 f.

LEHMANN, A., on feeling, 264 n., 275 n.
LEIBNIZ, his Monadology, 31; on sub-
consciousness, 93 f.; on evolution and
involution of ideas, 96 n.; on Locke's
use of 'powers,' 98; on ubiquity, 149;
on individuality, 288n.; on symbolic
thinking, 297; on apperception, 308;
his entelechies, 338; on motivation,
400; on Anlage, 428, 442 n.; on indi-
viduality, 430; on souls and spirits,
463

LEWES, G. H., referred to, 53 n., 100,
108; his term preperception adopted,
186

Likeness, of complex 'contents,' 327; of
simple, 327 ff.

Limitation, law of, 65, 67, 263
LIPPS, TH., referred to, 392 n.

Local signs, 80, 147 f., 149 fin., 152n.;
retinal, 155

Localisation, 141, 152; the factors in-
volved, 145-51; gradual development
of, 152

LOCKE, his relation to Descartes, 12 f.;
his two sources of ideas, 14 ff.; on the
growth of self-consciousness, 15; his
definition of consciousness, 21 n.; his
use of idea,' 26, 46; on degrees of
attention, 64, 65; on reality of impres-
sions, 161 n.; on tempo in flow of ideas,
216, 217; on an instant,' 219; on
continuity of time, 219; on unity, 320 f.;
on substance, 337f.

Logic, influence of, on psychology, 302f.,
313, 315, 327

LOTZE, H., his local signs, 147, 152 n.;
quoted, 200; his temporal signs, 203 ff.;
on the structure of concepts, 303 n.;
on the meaning of It, 306; referred to
on traducianism, 424 n.; on Gesinnun-
gen, 458 n.

LUCAS, PROSPER, on heredity and inneity,
451 f.

MALAPERT, P., his Les Éléments du
Caractère referred to, 439 n., 453 n.,
460 n., 467

MANSEL, Dean, on sensation, 48; on
the presentation of self, 363 n.
MCTAGGART, J. M. E., his Commentary
on Hegel referred to, 463 n., 464 n.

475

Meaning, primary, 143 fin.; of concepts,

300 f.
MEINONG, A., on founded objects as not
data, 317 f.; on difference, 329
Memorising, 222-7; effects of repetitions,
(a) immediate, 224f.; (6) after varying
intervals, 225 f.; (c) with varying dis-
tribution, 226 f.; effects of rhythm,
227 f.

Memory (see Retentiveness), proper, 81,
189; characteristics, 206 f.; distin-
guished from recognition, 207; M.-
images (a1,a,...), 189 f.; M.-continuum
or thread,' 191-8; as
continuum,' 196; M.-types, 198, 239;
' experience-
M. and knowledge, 207 f.; illusions of,
208

'Mental Chemistry,' 76, 103, 410
Method, questions of, 25 f., 27; in cha-
racterology, 430-3

MEYER, G. H., quoted, 170; referred to,
1772.

MILL, JAS., 169 n., 208n., 347 n., 349,
394

MILL, J. S., on the subject of experience,
37, 39; on subconsciousness, 98 f.; on
space, 146n.; on feeling, 264 n.; on
substance, 337; on causation, 341; on
belief, 347 n.; his Ethology, 409 n. ; on
forms of association and character, 446 f.
Mind, ambiguity of the term, 13, 39,
423 f.

Motivation, 399; Leibniz and Höffding
on, 400

Motives, conflict of, 384, 400
Movements, neglected by early psy-
chologists, 20; their characteristics,
50, 135-8; voluntary, 51, 52; emo-
tional prior to purposive, 52, 140; as
dynamic, 136, 137, 162; in spatial
perception, 150 f.

MÜLLER, G. E., and collaborateurs, ex-

periments on memory, 227-38; their

Treffermethode, 230; quoted, 237, 242
MÜLLER, I., on specific energy of nerves,
109 n.; on motor innervation, 137 n.;
referred to, 177 n.; on temperaments,
436
MÜLLER, MAX, on language, 288, 294
Multiple personality, 367 f.

MÜNSTERBERG, H., referred to, 108 n.
Muscular sense, 20, 136 n., 137 n.

NAHLOWSKY, J. W., 249 n., 438 n.
Name, as objective mark, 296; as facili-
tating ideation, 296; economizes atten-
tion, 297
Noises, 132 f.

Nominalism, and conceptualism, 298 f.;
and sensationalism, 315 n.
Novelty, 255 n., 268, 457 n.

Number, 323 ff.; and quantity, 323 n.;
and counting, 323; direct intuition of,

spatial rather than temporal, 324;
systematic numeration, 325

Object, as psychological term, 46 f. ; Os.

of higher order, 316 ff.
'Objective,' its different meanings in
psychology and epistemology, 18
Obliviscence, 199, 215

Onomatopoeia, creative, 292; in children,

292

Organic sensations, 135, 136

Pain, and action, 55, 277 f.; and atten-
tion, 262, 278

Paramnesia, 208 n.

PASCAL, and the psychological individual,
75 n.; on belief, 357

PAULHAN, F., referred to, 309, 433 n.,
467

Perception, 81; meanings of, 141 f.; 'of
the external world'-see Intuition, of
things; as partly representative, 167 f.;
internal, 371-8; of subjective activity,
373 ff.; of feeling, 375 f.
Perseveration, 233, 235 f.
Persona, 369 n.

Personality, 286 n.; multiple, 367; what
it means, 464; implies stability and
progression, 464 ff.; crises in the de-
velopment of, 468 f.; conversion' as
an instance of these, 468 ff.; ranks of,
466 ff.

Phenomenon, 14

Plasticity, 83, 99, 179; and psychogeny,
409

Pleasure, and action, 55, 277; and atten-

tion, 262, 268; qualities of, 266 f.; the
advance to higher' Ps., 267 ff.; and
pain, their relation, 278 f.

Plurality, 323 f.

Positional signs, 150

Possible, contrasted with actual, 161, 178,
179, 187

Preference, 266 f.; analytic and synthetic,
402 f., 416
Preperception, 186 f.

Presentationism, 23 f., 70 f.; instances of,
36 f., 38 f., 381 f., 405 m., 411, 432, 456
Presentations, meaning of, 46; twofold
relation of Ps., 46; not subjective modi-
fication, 47, 61 n., 69; theory of, ch. iv;
primary, 170; secondary, 170

'Primary meaning,' 143
Primary memory-image, 175
Primum cognitum, 200

Projection, 103, 152 f., 164

Protensity, 105, 107, 119, 213, 217
Psychogeny, the subjective factor regarded
structurally, 412 f., regarded_func-
tionally, 414-17; the objective factor,
(1) the natural environment, 418; (2)
the social, 418 f.

Psychologist's fallacy, the, 19, 48, 82

Psychology, definition of, ch. i, 28; ap-
proximate description of, 1; three
stages in its history-(a) that of Aris-
totle, 2-6; (6) that of Descartes, 6-12;
(c) the empirical, 12 ff.; P., objective
and subjective, contrasted, 4; subjec
tive, 7, 13; objective, 13; its stand-
point, 17, 26 ff.; its distinction from
epistemology, 18, 29-34; Analytic P.,
26; Faculty' P., 57, 60 f., 70; 'As-
sociationist' P., 23 n., 70, 179; Ato-
mistic P. rejected, 49, 77, 78, 81, 143,
181, 183 f.; Rational, 379; general and
special, 409 n.; 'differential,' 433 n.
Psychophysical standpoint, of Aristotle, 2;
preceded the psychological, 103, and
yet presupposes it, 103 f.

Psychoplasm, 412; inherited by the con-
crete individual, 425; elaborated by his
ancestors, 426

Psychosis, 57

Purposive action, and emotional expres-
sion, 52, 276 ff.

Quotity, 323

RAVAISSON, F., on genius, 450
Reading, 238 ff.

Realism, transcendental, 18; naïve, 30
Reality, 161 f.; Locke and Berkeley on,
161 n.; degrees of, 382

'Reception' for 'sensation' proposed, 105
Recognition, of impressions, 142 ff., 185
'Recurrent sensations,' 175
Redintegration, 195

Reduplications of memory-thread, 199;

as condition of ideational tissue, 200,
and of conflict of ideas, 202

Reflex Action, 51; as secondarily auto-
matic, 52

Reflexion, as source of ideas, 14; as dis-
tinct from mere consciousness, 372 f.
REHMKE, J., on traducianism, 424
REID, THOS., on perception, 18; his cen-
sure of Locke, 61; his geometry of
visibles, 155; on sentiments, 458 n.
Reification, 142, 313 f.
Relations, 318

Relativity, 83 ff.; as formulated by Hobbes,
84; as differential theory of presenta-
tions, 84; as formulated by Wundt, 88;
as duality of experience, 89, 117; of
the lower senses, 134 f.; of tactual and
visual magnitudes, 153 f.; of feeling,
265
Reminiscence, and recognition, 189,
207 f.; and imagination, 208
Repetition and memorising, 222-7
Re-presentation, 52, 168, 185, 186, 196,
197. See also Idea (ii)

Residua, images as, 176 f., 179; of move-
ments of attention, 215
Restriction, 79, 414

477

Retentiveness, 77, 80 ff.; distinct from

memory, 81, 189
Rhythmizing, 227-30; and tempo, 228
RIBOT, TH., on depersonalisation, 364;
on moral inventors, 395 fin.; on here-
dity, 423 nn.; on temperament, 437 n.,
453 n.; on logic of sentiments, 456; on
character, 465 f.

RICHET, C., description of feeling, 254 m.
RIVERS and HEAD, Drs, their experi-
ments on nerve division, 148 n.
ROGET'S Thesaurus referred to, 253 n.
ROMANES, G. J., his use of 'recept,'
105 n.; referred to, 250
RUSKIN, referred to, 256, 296 n.

Same, ambiguity of the word, 332
SCHOPENHAUER, on the primacy of will,
20; on altruism, 393; on freedom, 464;
referred to 468 n.

SCHUMANN, F., criticized, 317 n.
SCHWARZ, H., on choice, 402 n.
Selection, subjective, 50 f., 79, 139, 140,

180, 244, 280, 312, 391, 409, 415 n.,
416, 425, 469; natural, 280, 415 n.,
417, 418, 453

Self, 35 fin.; pure S., 35, 361 ff.,
377 ff.; empirical S., 35, 361 ff.; as
370,
sensitive, 364 f.; as imagining, 365 f.;
as thinking, 368 ff.

Self-consciousness, 371-6, 383, 384, 392;
and conscience, 395, 404, 407, 463
Self-conservation, principle of, 246, 278,
462

Self-interest, 392
Self-sacrifice, 397 f.

Sensationalism-see Presentationism
Sensations, not subjective states, 47, 61 n.,
104; differentiation of, 78 f., 108-15;
simplicity of, 78, 169; indirect evidence
of complexity, 114; characteristics of,
78, 105-8, mutual relations of these,
106 f.; definition of, 102 ff.; 'general' S.
as distinguished from 'special,' III;
S.-complexes, 113, 134; quantitative
continuity of, 115f.; extensity of, 116 f.;
intensity of, 118 f.; protensity of, 119f.;
qualities of, 120-35; of sight, 120-6,
white and black, 120-3, colours, 124-6;
of sound, 126-33, simple tones, 126 f.,
clangs, 127 f., timbre, 128 f., conson-
ance and dissonance, 129-32, noises,
132 f., speech, 133; of the lower senses,
133-5; kinaesthetic, 136
Sense, 'internal,' 15; and Understanding,
292-5

Sentiments, 456-60; the 'logic' of,
456 f.; as dispositional, 457 f.; distin-
guished from feelings and emotions,
458 f.; and Gesinnungen, 458 n., 459
SETH, J., referred to, 469 n.

SHAND, A. F., referred to, 439 n., 458n.,
460 n.

SHERRINGTON, C. S., 105 n., 275
SIDGWICK, H., quoted, 396 n., referred
to, 403 n.

Signs, see Local, Temporal; natural and
conventional, 287 f.

SIGWART, C., on impersonal judgments,
306; on the differences between indi-
viduals, 420 m.; his Logic quoted,
Similarity, association by, 187 n., 191 f.,
315n.
196

'Skeletal tone,' 53

SMITH, ADAM, on conscience, 369
Social factor, 33 f.

Social Medium, Social Environment, etc.,
384, 389, 418, 419. (Cf. Intersubjective
Intercourse)

Solipsism, implications of, 30
Somatic Consciousness-see Coenaesthesis
SORLEY, W. R., referred to, 403 n.
Soul, Aristotle's conception of, 3; his
three kinds of, 3, 6; a metaphysical
term, 35 fin.; Huxley on, 37

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Space, perceptual and conceptual distin-
guished, 144 f., 149, 319; tactual per-
ception of, 151 ff.; spatial reference,'
152 f.; visual perception of, 153-61,
among Invertebrata, 156, among Ver-
tebrata, 156-61; occupation of, 163
Span of prehension, 223

Specific energy of nerves, 109 n.
Speech, internal, 239. See also Language
SPENCER, HERBEKT, on subjective and
objective psychology, 13; on self-con-
sciousness, 38; on voluntary action, 51,
52; his automatic association,' 82; on
the transformation of neural processes,
100; on primitive sensation, 108; on
spatial perception, 146; on voluntary
muscular antagonism, 163; on the dif-
ference between impressions and ideas,
168; on the successional character of
experience, 197 m., 221; on graceful-
ness, 259; on 'inconceivability of the
opposite,' 349 ff.; on absolute begin-
ning, 409.; his appeal to biological
analogies in psychogeny, 410; on indi-
vidual development, 467 n.
SPINOZA, on distance as imagined, 215n.;
his 'substance' distinguished from sub-
ject, 382; referred to, 470

STEINTHAL, H., quoted, 186 n.; onoma-
topoeia, 292 n.; on apperception, 311n.
STERN, L.W., on psychical present, 214.,
223 n.; on differential psychology,

433n., 437.; 444 n.
STEWART, D., quoted, 458
STOUT, J. G. F., on implicit and ex-
plicit apprehension, 96n., 297 n.; his
use of primary meaning,' 143; of 'im-
pressional association,' 186 n. ; on forms
of apperception, 309 n.; his use of
anoetic, 317

STUMPF, C., on relativity, 89; on clang-
complexes, 113; on consonance, 130n.;
on noises, 132n.; quoted, 433n.
Subconsciousness, of impressions, 90 ff.;
implies continuity, 93; Leibniz on, 93;
of ideas, 94 ff.; and habit, 98; J. S.
Mill on, 98 f.; Wundt on, 99 f.; and
inseparable association, 185; and feel-
ing, 264 n.

Subject, the, 34-41 ; and the individuality
of the organism, 36f.; attempts to regard
it as a phenomenal series, 37 f.
'Subjective,' and 'objective,' ambiguity
of, 18, 32

Subjective Being, 376-82
Subliminal, 95 n.
Subpresentations, 92

Substance, category of, 334-40; and sub-
ject, 338; as stuff, 338

Succession and association, 193 ff., 1972.;
as mode of time, 212-15

Suggestion, use of by Locke and Berkeley,

320 n.

SULLY, J., referred to, 201 m., 256, 415N.,
465

Sympathy, 395 ff.

Synthesis, 69, 72, 139, 140, 195, 302, 316;

forms of, ch. xiii; intuitional, space and
time, 318 ff.; categories, formal, (a)
mathematical, 320-5, (6) logical, 325-
34; real, 334-46; binary S. of judg
ment, 326 f.; of association and apper-
ception contrasted, 326 f.; general, of
experience, ch. xvii, and general ana-
lysis compared, 409 f.; the subjective
factor, 412-17, the objective, 417-20

Talent, 444-50; its relation to instinct,
448 f.; and to genius, 449 f.
TARDE, G., referred to, 290
Temperament, 434-43; history of phy-
siological theories of, 435 ff.; psycho-
logical facts concerned, 437 ff.; its
connexion with Anlage, 439f.; coenaes-
thesis as clue to, 440
Temperatures, 133, 134
Tempo, 216, 217, 218

Temporal signs, 197, 203 ff., 208, 214,
215, 216; Lotze's view of, 203 ff.
TETENS, referred to, 19

THORNDIKE, E. L., his animal asso-
ciation,' 186 n.

Thought, and language, 296 ff. (see Name);
and ideation, 298-302; nominalism and
conceptualism, 298 f.; concrete' con-
cepts, 299 f.; 'abstract' concepts, 300f.;
as 'intentional,' 301; 'condensation of
thought,' 301 f., 326; conception and
imagination, 302; as analytic, 305 ff.;
the judgment first, 305 f.; as synthetic,
307, ch. xiii

Threshold, of consciousness, 91 f.; of dif-
ference, 92
Timbre, 112

Time, perception of, 210 f.; present, 210,
212, 213; psychical, 214; past and
future, 210 f.; modes of, 212-19; per-
cept and concept of, distinguished, 212,
213, 221, 319; duration, 212 f.; suc-
cession and simultaneity, 213 ff.; T.-per-
spective, 213 f.; indifference-T., 217;
optimal T., 218; continuity of, 219 ff.
TITCHENER, E. B., referred to, 90 n.,
252 n., 253
'Tonic action,' 53

Touch, 135; passive, 148, 151, 163;
active, 149, 151, 163
Traducianism, 424
Transsubjective, 32

Truth (and Knowledge), pursuit of, 391,
416

Ultra-liminal, 95 n.

Unity, subjective, 31; objective, 31, 49,
77; as category, 320 ff.; implies rela-
tion, 320n.; of concept and judgment
compared, 322; transcendental, 380
URBAN, W. M., referred to, 456, 457 n.

Value, 272, 386-98; ground of, 386;

meaning, 387 f.; instrumental and in-
trinsic, 390; differences in rank of,
401 f.; V.-movements, 267 f., 390; and
teleological categories, 390 f.; and the
Ego, 392; and the Alter, 393 ff.
Variety, Hamilton's law of, 84
VIERORDT, K., his law, 154
Vision, passive and active, 155 f.; peri-
scopic, 157; stereoscopic, 157; bino-
cular, 157; monocular, 160
VOLKELT, J., quoted, 253 n.

VOLKMANN, W. VON, on 'reflex sensa-
tions, 250 n.; on language, 292; on
temperament, 437 n.

Vorstellung, 46
Vowel sounds, 133

WEBER, E. H., his Law, 115; his Ortsinn,
147; his experiments and the primary
memory-image, 175, 185; on human
locomotion, 259

WEISMANN, A., and his critics referred
to, 426 n.

WOLFF, C. F., his rational psychology,

13; his definition of feeling, 19; refers
to 'field of consciousness,' 90 n.
WUNDT, W., on relativity, 88; on sub-
consciousness, 99 f.; on continuity of
time, 220; on heterogony of ends,
268 n.; his use of 'apperception,' 310n.,
311.; his law of dichotomy, 326 f.;
on feeling, 251 f.

CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY J. B. PEACE, M.A., AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

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