to his rank in the school, paid by his tutor or dame, and charged to his parents. For every third composition thus sent up he receives a prize-book from the head-master. Governor's Speech. On the annual audit-day of the governors, which generally takes place towards the end of June, the captain of the school makes a Latin oration before them, in which he touches upon the various events that have occurred during the past year, whether of a public nature, or such as are more immediately connected with the interests of the school. The captain receives a book from the governors, of the value of two guineas. No boy is permitted to make this speech two following years, in order that the succession may be quickened. Speech Days. There used to be three speech days in the year, viz.—in the months of May, June, and July; but the speeches in May have been discontinued for the last two years, and they now take place on the first Wednesday in June and the first Wednesday in July. The Peel Prize Essay is recited on the first speech day, the three other prize compositions on the second. In the foregoing account reference has been made to the examination papers, of which we shall give a few specimens from the papers of the sixth-form for the year 1829. The papers for the November examination of that year, in the sixth form, are eight in number, being headed respectivelyScriptural Modern History-Grecian History-Latin into English-Greek into English-English into Latin Prose— Euclid-Philology. Scriptural. 1. What was the prophecy delivered by Noah as to the fortunes of his descendants; and how was it fulfilled? 2. State Jacob's prophecy concerning Judah, with its fulfilment; explaining the political condition of the Jews at the time of our Saviour's birth. 3. In what words did Moses foretel the coming of the Messiah? Show the points of resemblance between Moses and our Saviour. 4. What was the origin of the Samaritans, and what the state of their religion at the time of our Lord's ministry? How did it differ from the Jewish religion? 5. Give a description of the Temple of Jerusalem. 6. Give the dates of the call of Abraham, the Exodus, the appointment of Saul as king, the Assyrian and Babylonish captivities, and of Ezra's commission. 7. State the object of our Lord's temptation, with the practical inferences to be deduced from it. 8. What seems to have been our Lord's principal object in the Sermon on the Mount? 9. What is the Christian doctrine of justification? How does St. Paul vindicate it from the imputation of encouraging sin? What is a Christian's motive to obedience? 10. How were both the ceremonial and moral law of Moses conducive to the reception of the doctrine of the atonement? Modern History. 1. Who are the principal authorities for universal chronology? 2. Enumerate the various corrections which the solar year has undergone. 3. State the different modes of computing the year among the ancient Greeks, the Romans, the Jews, the Franks, the French, and the English. 4. Give an account of the Diocletian era, the mundane era of Constantinople, mundane era of modern Jews, Spanish era, era of Hegira, and Dionysian and Christian era. 5. Give the original site of the Vandals, Goths, Franks, Saxons, and Huns. 6. State the original sources from which we derive our knowledge of events from the reign of Nerva to that of Justinian. 7. Give an outline of the history of the Franks from their passage of the Rhine to the treaty of Verdun, with dates. 8. The conquests of the Visgoths and Vandals, with the ultimate fate of their monarchies, with dates. 9. When did the Romans abandon Britain? When and by whom was Christianity introduced into this country? What was the origin of the common law of England? 10. Draw a parallel between the characters of Alfred and Charlemagne. Grecian History. 1. Who were the earliest inhabitants of Greece? Who were the Hellenes, and how came they to give their name to Greece? 2. Whence came most of the early colonists of Greece? What is likely to be the effect upon a small number of persons coming from a civilized country to colonize a barbarous one? 3. What were the leading principles in the legislation of Minos and Lycurgus? 4. What change took place in the Peloponnese on the return of the Heraclidæ? Who were the founders of the new dynasties? 5. How did Solon divide the Athenian people? Were all the citizens, according to his constitution, eligible to the highest offices of the state? What change did Pericles effect in this respect? What other means did he take for securing his popularity? 6. The functions and power of the Areopagus at the time of Solon? 7. What was the state of Sicily at the period of the invasion of Xerxes? Give the dates of the earliest Grecian colonies sent to Italy, Sicily, and Asia Minor. 8. Contrast the characters of Themistocles, Cimon, and Pericles. 9. The causes of the Peloponnesian war. 10. Give the dates of the foundation of Athens, Argonautic expedition, accession of Atreus, return of the Heraclidæ, first Messenian war, capture of Babylon by Cyrus, battle of Enophyta, and Thirty Years Truce, 1. Philology. Hic putat esse Deos et pejerat, atque ita secum: Dummodo vel cæcus teneam quos abnego numos. Archigene.' Translate this. What distinction does Cicero point out between 'falsum jurare,' and 'pejerare? Why should Isis be here introduced? Who was this Ladas? Why locupletem podagram?' Where was Anticyra? What is the derivation of the name? Illustrate its use here by quotations. Who was Archigenes, and what would be his office on this occasion? Quote in illustration. Derive sistrum and vomicæ. 2. Me dulces dominæ Musa Lycimniæ Quam nec ferre pedem dedecuit choris, Dianæ celebris die. Translate this. Who is probably meant by Lycimnia? Quote a similar instance of substitution in English. If Terentia is alluded to, would it become a matron of her high birth, ferre pedem choris?' Illustrate by quotations. What mention does Horace make of her brothers? Does the fidum pectus suit her character? What did Seneca say of her? What other reading is there for Lycimnia?' Which do you prefer, and why? 3. Επὶ Μνησιφίλου ἄρχοντος, συγκλήτου ἐκκλησίας ὑπὸ στρατηγῶν γενομένης, καὶ πρυτανέων καὶ βουλῆς γνώμη, Μαιμακτηριῶνος δεκάτῃ ἀπιόντος, Καλλισθένης Ἐτεονίκου Φαληρεὺς εἶπε. Translate this. Explain the terms ἄρχων, συγκλήτου ἐκκλησίας, στρατηγοί, πρυτάνεις, βουλὴ, ἀπιόντος. In what year was Demosthenes born? At what age did he make his first speech on public affairs? From what event did he date Philip's designs on Greece? What circumstances gave Philip ground of interference in the affairs of Greece? Who aided him in his designs? 4. Τρῶες δ' ὥστ ̓ ὄιες πολυπάμονος ἀνδρὸς ἐν αὐλῇ ̓Αλλὰ γλῶσσ ̓ ἐμέμικτο, πολύκλητοι δ ̓ ἔσαν ἄνδρες· Translate this. What do you observe in the syntax of the first sentence? Explain the usage, and give similar instances. Derive toλuzáμovos, ἀζηχὲς, and μεμακυῖαι, Explain the use of the perfect in the word ἑστήκασι. Give the exact distinction between the use of the aorist and the perfect. What author quotes the last two lines, and on what occasion? 5. Dispositis prædives hamis vigilare cohortem Non ardent Cynici: si fregeris, altera fiet Cras domus, aut eadem plumbo commissa manebit. Translate this. What were the hamæ and the cohortes? Who established them? What was the electrum? What was the peculiar character of the Phrygian marble, and where was the quarry? Quote in illustration. Whence came the most valuable of the ancient marbles? Quote passages referring to them? What ancient author gives the fullest account of them? What was the chief use of tortoise-shell among the Romans? Why nudi Cynici?' 6. ་ Cum tot sustineas et tanta negotia solus, Res Italas armis tuteris, moribus ornes, Legibus emendes; in publica commoda peccem, Si longo sermone morer tua tempora, Cæsar. Translate this. To what may the expressions tanta negotia solus ' be supposed to allude? What light do Tacitus and Suetonius throw upon them? Some read moenibus' instead of 'moribus;' to what would that reading refer? What part of Rome was especially ornamented by Augustus? What did he say of himself in that respect? What were the principal laws which he enacted? What induced Horace to write this Epistle? Can you assign any date to it? Could the word Cæsar' help you in fixing it? At what age was Horace introduced to Augustus? 7. Ἐπιπόνως δὲ εὑρίσκετο, διότι οἱ παρόντες τοῖς ἔργοις ἑκάστοις οὐ ταὐτὰ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν ἔλεγον, ἀλλ' ὡς ἑκατέρῳ τις εὐνοίας ἢ μνήμης ἔχοι. Καὶ ἐς μὲν ἀκρόασιν ἴσως τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες αὐτῶν ἀτερπέστερον φανεῖται· ὅσοὶ δὲ βουλήσονται τῶν τε γενομένων τὸ σαφὲς σκοπεῖν καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ποτὲ αὖθις κατὰ τὸ ἀνθρώπειον τοιούτων καὶ παραπλησίων ἔσεσθαι, ὠφέλιμα κρίνειν αὐτὰ ἀρκούντως ἕξει. κτῆμά τε ἐς ἀεὶ μᾶλλον, ἢ ἀγώνισμα ἐς τὸ παραχρῆμα ἀκούειν ξύγκειται. Translate this. Why are voias and vns in the genitive? Give similar instances. Where is osoba to be taken? What is the difference between τὸ μέλλον and τὸ ἐσόμενον ? Some readings give ξύγκεινται : against what rule would that seem to offend? Does Thucydides invariably adhere to the Attic usage in this respect ? 8. Ne dimissis quidem finem esse militiæ; sed apud vexillum retentos alio vocabulo, eosdem labores perferre; ac si quis tot casus vita superaverit, trahi adhuc diversas in terras, ubi, per nomen agrorum, uligines paludum vel inculta montium accipiant. Enimvero militiam ipsam gravem, infructuosam; denis in diem assibus animam et corpus æstimari. Translate this. What number of campaigns was the Roman infantry required to serve ? What new practice did Augustus introduce? Distinguish between missio' and exauctoratio. Explain apud vexillum retentos," and "alio vocabulo." What was the value of the denarius at that time? What was the highest value to which it ever attained? What was the cause of this fluctuation? What proportion did gold bear to silver at this period? Where were the principal gold mines of Europe? Illi agmine certo 9. Laocoonta petunt: et primum parva duorum 6 From what poet is Virgil supposed to have taken his version of the story of Laocoon? Does Virgil seem to have been describing the group of the Laocoon? Who were the authors of that group, and when did they live? What rank did it hold among ancient works of art? When, where, and by whom was it discovered? How has Milton adapted the description of the approach of the serpents? What poet does Virgil follow in his account of the capture of Troy? 10. ΟΡ.Δὸς τόξα μοι κερουλκὰ δῶρα Λοξίου Οἷς μ' εἶπ' ̓Απόλλων ἐξαμύνεσθαι θεὰς, Εἴ μ' ἐκφοβοῖεν μανιάσιν λυσσήμασι What are the various forms of compounds of gas? What is remarked on the union of paviáow with avoσnμao? Give similar instances. In which only of the oblique cases is this union observed ? ὅταν δ' ὁ δαίμων εὖ διδῷ, τί δεῖ φίλων ; Some read ríxen piawv. What authority have we for each reading? State the various ways in which xeǹ and d are used. Εἰ δ' ἐγκράτεις φεύγουσιν οὐδὲν δεῖ πονεῖν· Correct this line. Explain the rule against which it offends, and the principle of your correction. A GENERAL VIEW OF THE PRESENT STATE OF EDUCATION IN ITALY. THE great divisions of Italy are, 1. The Kingdom of Lombardy; 2. The Sardinian States; 3. Tuscany; 4. The Papal State; 5. The Kingdom of Naples and Sicily. Each of these has a different government, and consequently a different system of administration and of education. The education in the kingdom of Lombardy is under the immediate direction of the imperial Austrian government. Whatever may be thought of the mode of scientific and literary instruction, it is certain that popular elementary education is not only fostered, but enforced there, more than in any other Italian State. Popular education in the Austrian empire dates from the reign of Maria Theresa, who established elementary schools in her German dominions, which are now frequented by the thirteenth part of the population, a proportion much greater than in France, as acknowledged by M. Dupin in his Forces Productrices, Paris, 1827. The same system has been enforced, for these last eight years, in the kingdom of Lombardy, and every village or commune must have its school, which is supported from the municipal fund; or, where the commune is too small, two are joined in one. The schoolmasters have from 250 to 400 Austrian livres fixed salary. The following is the organization of these schools : First Class Spelling, slate-writing, elementary religious instruction, the first two rules of arithmetic. Second Class-Reading, writing, catechism, the four rules of arithmetic, and fractions. OCT.-JAN. 1832. C |