Sancti Martini in yeme et aliam medietatem ad festum Pentecostes pro omni alio servicio &c Et nos &c (Warranty) In cujus rei &c Hiis testibus Petro le Graper tunc maiore Novi Castri Nicholao de Carliolo Thoma de Frismarisco Ricardo de Emildon Johanne Thoraud tunc ballivis Waltero de Cougate Johanne Lobaud Johanne Trottand Rogero de Ponte et multis aliis (Lib. cart. 12) Bourne refers to this deed (p. 31) and gives an extract therefrom (p. 127).

13. DONACIO ROBERTI DE HEDDON

(1178-87) [R]obertus de Heddon Omnibus Cristianis et fidelibus Sancte Ecclesie Salutem Sciatis me dedisse et concensu et voluntate domini mei Walteri de bolbeke in perpetuam elemosinam concessisse et hiis litteris meis confirmasse deo et Sancte Marie et fratribus hospitalis de novo castello xiij denarios de firma terre mee quam in feodo et hereditate teneo de baronia domini mei. Ita videlicet ut hec domus hospitalis et fratres ibidem deo et Sancte Marie et pauperibus et egenis servientes habeant annuatim hos denarios in perpetuam elemosinam pro salute anime domini mei Walteri et antecessorum suorum et pro salute anime mee et antecessorum meorum ita libere et quiete sicud aliqua elemosina liberius teneri potest Testante et concedente domino meo Waltero Reginaldo de Kenebelle Johanne Morelle Roberto de Grai Reg' filio Wymundi Willelmo de Craueden Hugone filio suo Orm de Hydwyn Roberto filio suo Jerardo preposito de Novo Castello Nicholao filio Uhetredi Hugone clerico Magistro Roberto de Dunelmo (Lib. cart. 13)

Bourne (pp. 30, 31) refers to this and the following charter, and attempts to confirm his conjecture as to the early date of the foundation of the hospital by suggesting that the Walter de Bolbec who confirmed Robert de Heddon's gift to the Hospital was the same Walter who as we are told, in a charter dated the first year of King Stephen, convey'd some Lands to the Church of Winchester.' For this he cites Gib. Camb. p. 855,' by which he means Gibson's edition (1695) of Camden's Britannia, col. 856, where mention is made of a charter witnessed by Walter de Bolbec, with a reference to Selden's Titles of Honour, par. 2, c. 5, p. 571. The charter in question, which is now lost (Round, Geoffrey de Mandeville, p. 264) was a grant by King Stephen to the church of Winchester, executed in 1136, and is printed in the Liber Niger (ii, p. 808).

This suggestion of Bourne's cannot be supported. The Walter de Bolbec of King Stephen's charter died about 1141 (cp. Round, Cal. Doc. France, no. 1319, with Chron. of Abingdon, ii, p. 179, and Geoffrey de Mandeville, p. 201); and an examination of the names of the witnesses to charters nos. 13 and 14 leads to the conclusion that the Walter who confirmed Robert de Heddon's grant was the younger son of the Walter of King Stephen's charter. William de Crauden, who witnesses both the charters had succeeded his father Hugh by 1178, and in the eyre of that year was fined, together with Orm of Heddon, witness to no. 13, and Otui de Insula (27 Pipe Roll Soc., p. 61). The occurrence of the name of Robert de Insula, son of Otui, in no. 14, points to a date after 1178, and we know that Gerard, who witnesses no. 13 as reeve of Newcastle, held office from at least 1177 to 1182 (see Appendix). The Walter de Bolbec of these two charters was probably living in 1186, for he appears to have confirmed a grant of Walter de Bolum to Newminster, the date of which must be

assigned to that or the following year (Newminster Chart., pp. 187, 301), but he had died by Michaelmas, 1187 (36 Pipe Roll Soc., p. 185). His son Walter was then a minor, and did not fine for his barony until 1194 or 1195 (Mag. Rot. Pipa, col. 55) by which date William de Crauden had died. (ibid., col. 56; where the roll is wrongly dated 1196).

The two deeds were therefore given before 1187, and probably after 1178.

The surnames of the witnesses Reginald de Kenebelle and John Morelle, both tenants of Bolbec lands, are transcribed by Bourne as 'de Benwell and 'Morress' respectively. Kenebelle is undoubtedly Kimble, member of the Bolbec fief in Buckinghamshire, though Cadwallader Bates suggests (Arch. Ael. 2 ser. xi, p. 246) that the name 'de Kenebelle' is derived somehow' from Benwell.

14. CONFIRMACIO DOMINI WALTERI BOLBEKE SUPER EANDEM

(1178-87) [W]alterus de Bolbeke Omnibus hominibus suis et amicis clericis et laicis Fransis (sic) et Anglis tam futuris quam presentibus Salutem Sciatis me concessisse et hac carta mea confirmasse deo et Sancte Marie et hospitali de Novo Castello pro salute anime mee et antecessorum meorum donacionem xiij nummorum quos Robertus clericus meus de heddon' predicto hospitali in perpetuam elemosinam dedit Quare volo et firmiter precipio ut hanc elemosinam scilicet xiij nummorum predicta domus hospitalis ita libere et quiete habeat et teneat sicut aliqua domus hospitalis liberius et quietius habet et tenet Hiis testibus Simone Camerario Roberto de Insula Reginaldo de Kinbell' Thoma Capellano Jordano Capellano Roberto de Grei Reg' filio Edmundi (sic) Johanne Morell' Turst' filio Ricardi Willelmo de Crawdene Ranulfo Clerico (Lib. cart. 14)

15.-JAM DICTIS DE TERRIS ET TENURIS QUAS POSSIDET PREDICTUM

HOSPITALE EXTRA PORTAM DEL CLOS PROCEDENDUM EST AD
EA QUE POSSIDET INFRA DE DONACIONIBUS FIDELIUM

(c. 1250.) [O]mnibus Christi fidelibus &c Alexander filius Stephani Glover Salutem Noveritis me dedisse cum corpore meo deo et beate Marie et fratribus Hospitalis Sancte Marie de Novo Castro in le Westgate in puram et perpetuam elemosinam illam medietatem domus quam Galfridus frater meus tenet de me ad feodam (sic) firmam Unde volo et concedo quod dictus Galfridus frater meus teneat illam medietatem de deo et Beata Maria et fratribus dicti hospitalis Solvendo eis per annum quatuor solidos sicud michi reddere consuevit Et in hujus rei &c Hiis testibus domino Henrico de Carliolo Thoma de eadem Nicholao Scotico Thoma de Merchingley Rogero Tinctore Radulfo de Pampedene Wydone tannatore Hugone le Butelir Johanne de le Gilde hall et multis aliis (Lib. cart. 15)

See no. 37,

16.-PRIMA DONACIO INFRA

(1240-50) [U]niversis Christi fidelibus &c Michael filius Walteri tinctoris de Anande Salutem Sciatis me dedisse et presenti carta confirmasse deo et hospitali Sancte Marie de Novo Castro in Westgate et fratribus ibidem deo servientibus totum illud mesuagium cum pertinenciis quod Jordanus Ryngbridell tenuit de me ad feodam firmam quod quidem mesuagium est in feodo domini Johannis de Baillol et jacet ex occidentali parte pontis versus Godindey juxta terram Ade Falc' versus Occidentem Habendum et tenendum de domino Johanne Bailoill et heredibus suis in puram et perpetuam elemosinam Reddendo domino Johanni de Bailoill et heredibus suis decem denarios pro omni servicio &c Unde volo et presenti carta concedo quod prenominatus Jordanus et heredes sui teneant predictum mesuagium cum pertinenciis ad feodam firmam Reddendo fratribus hospitalis prenominati singulis annis quinque solidos et unum par cirotecarum ad duos terminos videlicet ad festum Sancti Michaelis triginta denarios et ad Pascha triginta denarios et unum par cirotecarum et preterea sicut attornatus fratrum predicatorum (lege predictorum) domino feodi decem denarios ad terminos statutos Et ut hec mea donacio rata permaneat presentem cartam sigillo meo signatam fieri feci Hiis testibus Petro Scotico tunc maiore Magistro Willelmo Johanne de Pampeden Roberto de Valencines Henrico de Carliolo Hugone de Bedeforde Ada clerico Stephano de Lindesay Thoma de Merchingley Et aliis (Lib. cart. 16)

This deed, though in form a grant to the Hospital, effects a confirmation by Michael son of Walter of Annan, of his mother's grant made during his minority to Jordan Ring bridle (no. 17) coupled with a transfer to the Hospital of the reserved rent, including two candles a year which were reserved to Michael by his mother's deed.

17.-INDENTURA DE EODEM

[S]ciant presentes et futuri quod convenit inter Cristianam quondam uxorem Walteri tinctoris ex una parte et Jordanum Ryngbridill ex altera videlicet quod predicta Cristiana cum consensu et voluntate Michaelis filii sui et heredis dimisit ad feodi firmam totam terram suam cum pertinenciis dicto Jordano et heredibus suis vel assignatis illam scilicet que jacet inter terram Falc' et terram que fuit Alexandri le Gloucestre Habendam et tenendam de predicta Cristiana et heredibus suis predicto Jordano &c in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum &c Reddendo inde annuatim quinque solidos argenti ad duos terminos medietatem ad Pascha et medietatem ad festum Sancti Michaelis et Michaeli predicto quasdam albas cirotecas unius oboli annuatim ad Pascha persolvendo ipsum esse heredem justum cognoscendo scilicet in vita matris sue pro omni consuetudine et exaccione ad ipsam Cristianam vel heredes suos pertinente Solvendo tamen Capitali domino feodi debitam firmam terminis statutis Et sciendum est

quod predicta Cristiana &c (warranty) In cujus rei testimonium presens scriptum Cirographatum sigillis utriusque partis una cum sigillo Michaelis predicti signatum fieri fecerunt Hiis testibus Hugone Payn suo serviente Nicholao filio Ablote Arthuro sutore Roberto Stirke Waltero Cronan Galfrido filio Stephani ganteris Astino Fluker Radulfo magistro Galfrido fullone Willelmo de Anande et uxore ejus Roberto Wamelocke Rogero Okeday Roberto de Corbrigg Golino brokur Johanne Arkill Edmundo Waltero Willelmo Tannatoribus et aliis (Lib. cart. 17)

See no. 16.

Michael, son of Walter the dyer appears at the time of the execution of this deed to have been in the wardship of his mother. The custom of Newcastle with regard to wardship was that a widow had the custody and nutrimentum of the heir borne by her, during his minority, and custody of all his goods, real and personal. If she married again, or rendered herself suspect, she was to find security to answer for the goods to the heir. If the widow also died wardship was granted to the nearest of kin on the mother's side to whom the lands could not descend. It was the duty of the mayor and bailiffs to deliver the wardship and the heir to the person entitled, and apparently the mayor had the custody until such delivery was made. (Gerardyn v. Fenwick, Assize Roll, 650, Placita Querelarum; Cal. Pat. 1307-13, p. 124; ibid., 1350-54, p. 388.) There is no evidence to show whether wardship of lands descending to the heir on the part of the mother was the right of the father or his kin, as in socage tenure. Wardship in the borough was assignable by deed (Cal. Close, 1354-60, p. 87). In one case where the widow brought an action for dower the king admitted a guardian in place of the widow (Cal. Close, 1288-96, p. 516).

18.-ALIA INDENTURA DE EODEM TENEMENTO

(1268-69) [0]mnibus &c Johannes Norays Custos Hospitalis beate Marie in le Westgate de Novo Castro et ejusdem loci fratres et sorores Salutem Noveritis nos unanimi consensu et bona voluntate maioris et proborum virorum Novi Castri dedisse &c Petro Kydenoll totam illam terram nostram cum omnibus edificiis et pertinenciis omnibus in baronia domini Hugonis de Balliolo super ripam Tyne videlicet a hoga usque ad Grundebe Tyne que quidem terra fuit quondam Roberti Stiwarde et jacet inter terram que quondam fuit Petri filii Maioris et terram que quondam fuit Simonis filii Walteri Habendam &c imperpetuum Reddendo &c domino Hugoni de Balliolo et heredibus suis octo denarios die dominica post festum circumcisionis domini et nobis et successoribus nostris quatuor solidos argenti videlicet duos solidos ad festum Sancti Michaelis et totidem ad Pascha pro omni servicio &c Et nos &c (warranty) In cujus rei &c Hiis testibus Thoma de Carliolo tunc maiore Johanne filio Rogeri Henrico Scot Johanne Fleminge Henrico de Burton tunc ballivis (Lib. cart. 18)

See Appendix sub anno 1268.

This deals with part of the land comprised in no. 4. The substitution of the name 'Peter son of the mayor' for 'Peter Scot' seems to indicate that Nicholas, father of Peter Scot, was at one time mayor. probably as mayor that Nicholas witnessed nos. 43 and 57.

It was

19. INDENTURA DOMINI WILLELMI DE NORTON QUONDAM MAGISTRI (1296-97) [O]mnibus &c Magister et fratres Hospitalis beate Marie in le Westgate de Novo Castro super Tynam Salutem &c Noveritis nos unanimi concensu concessisse et ad feodi firmam dimisisse Alano de Wylom Burgensi de Novo Castro super Tynam totam illam terram cum suis pertinenciis in vico qui vocatur le Clos in feodo domini Johannis de Bailiolo que jacet inter terram dicti Alani ex una parte et terram Walteri de Cougate ex parte altera Habendam et tenendam &c in feodo et hereditate libere &c imperpetuum Reddendo &c tres solidos argenti ad duos anni terminos scilicet medietatem ad Natale domini et alteram medietatem ad festum Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste faciendo inde Capitalibus dominis feodi illius debita servicia &c Et nos magister &c (warranty) In cujus rei &c Hiis testibus Johanne le Scot tunc Capitali ballivo Thoma de Tynedale Petro Graper Johanne filio Ade de Blakdene Willelmo de Ogle tunc ballivis Waltero de Cougate Johanne Lobalde Johanne filio Hugonis Henrico Wodeman Henrico Crawe et multis aliis (Lib. cart. 19)

In 1293 Alan de Wylum and Alice his wife held a house on the east side of Pilgrim street, of William de Felton (Brinkburn Chart. p. 169). In 1296 his name appears on the subsidy roll as the owner of goods worth 81s 6d in the parish of All Saints' (Arch. Ael., 3 ser. xiii, p. 298), his son's goods being returned in the parish of S. John as worth 10s (ibid., p. 296, where the name is given as Alani de Waln' junior').

20.-DONACIO PREDICTE TERRE ALANI DE WYLOME INGELRAMO DE COLONIA ET DIVIDEBATUR IN DUAS PARTES PER MAGISTRUM DICTI HOSPITALIS UNA PARS ALANO DE WYLOM ALTERA VERO ALANO DICTO PREST DE GATISHEVIDE JAM AMBE PARTES IN MANU AGNETIS DE ETON' PRO Xjs ET viijd ANNUATIM (26 February 1308) [O]mnibus hominibus presentem cartam visuris vel audituris Alanus filius Alani de Wylome Burgensis ville Novi Castri super Tynam Salutem &c Noveritis me dedisse concessisse &c Ingelramo de Colonia Burgensi ville Novi Castri totam illam terram cum edificiis et pertinenciis in eadem villa Novi Castri in vico qui vocatur le Clos in feodo de Balliolo que jacet inter terram quondam Willelmi de Cougate ex parte una et terram Willelmi Heringe que quondam fuit dicti Alani patris mei ex parte altera Habendam &c predicto Ingelramo heredibus suis vel suis assignatis de Capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et consueta libere &c imperpetuum Et ego Alanus &c (warranty) In cujus rei &c Hiis testibus Ricardo de Emeldon tunc Capitali Ballivo ville Novi Castri super Tynam Nicholao Scote Thoma de Tynedale Thoma de Frismaresco Adam de Dunelmo tunc ballivis ejusdem ville Johanne Scote Petro Graper Nicholao de Carlell' Gilberto Flemang Johanne de Pampedene Johanne Lobalde Adam de London' et aliis Datum apud Novum Castrum super Tynam die lune proxima post festum