water, and I began to prepare the fish we had caught for our supper.

6. Frank may take the first sentence; Mary, the fourth; and Edward, the tenth.

7. Consultation fee, $10.

8. For a crowd is not company, and faces are but a gallery of pictures, and talk but a tinkling cymbal where there is no love.

GENERAL EXERCISE ON THE COMMA

23. Supply commas where needed in the following sentences, and be able to give reason for the use of each.

I. That man it seems to me looks suspicious.

2.

Now if I were you I should not go.

3. That boy you remember is the same one who took the prize last year.

4. Fred Burton the captain belongs to the senior class. 5. It is plain that he did not observe the old proverb Honesty is the best policy.

6. Come Anthony and young Octavius come.

7. My work being finished I went for a row on the lake. 8. If I pass my English examination I shall graduate in June.

9. Where there is no real desire to learn there can be but little improvement.

10. My new book which is one of the most interesting I have ever read keeps me at home these evenings.

II. The shouts of both parties augmented the fearful din the assailants crying "St. George for merry England."

12. That which disturbed us most was the thought Some accident must have befallen them.

13. The boast of heraldry the pomp of power

And all that beauty all that wealth e'er gave
Await alike the inevitable hour.

14. His name at once calls up before us a slender and feeble frame a lofty and ample forehead a nose curved like the beak of an eagle an eye rivaling that of an eagle in brightness and keenness a thoughtful and somewhat sullen brow a firm and somewhat peevish mouth a cheek pale thin and deeply furrowed by sickness and by care.

15. O there be players that I have seen play and have heard others praise and that highly not to speak it profanely that neither having the accent of Christians nor the gait of Christian pagan nor man have so strutted and bellowed that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made them and not made them well they imitated humanity so abominably.

THE COLON AND SEMICOLON

24. The Semicolon. The semicolon should be used:

1. Between members of compound sentences, when no conjunction is used or when the members contain

commas.

2. Between short statements connected in meaning but with no grammatical dependence upon one another.

3. Between clauses or phrases which have a common dependence upon another clause.

4. Between a general term and particulars in apposition with it, if they are simple in construction.

5. Before a clause which is added to a complete sentence by way of explanation, if the clause is introduced by a conjunction.

25. The Colon. The colon should be used:

1. Between two members of a compound sentence which contain commas or semicolons.

2. Between a general term and particulars in apposition with it, if they are complex in construction.

3. Before a clause which is added to a complete sentence by way of explanation or inference, if the clause is not introduced by a connecting word.

4. Before a list, an explanatory proposition, or a quotation formally introduced.

EXERCISE A

26. Give the reason for the use of colons and semicolons in the following sentences:

I. I refused to go with him: the risk was too great.

2.

Tower after tower crashed down, with blazing roof and rafter; and the combatants were driven from the courtyard.

3. You will need several books; a grammar, a history, an atlas, and a dictionary.

4. It is easy in the world to live after the world's opinion; it is easy in solitude to live after our own; but the great man is he who in the midst of the crowd keeps with perfect sweetness the independence of solitude.

5. Sentences, as to structure, are of three kinds: first, simple; second, compound; third, complex.

6. No poet of any age or nation is more graphic than Burns: the characteristic features disclose themselves to him at a glance; three lines from his hand, and we have a like

ness.

7. He had received large subscriptions for his promised edition of Shakespeare; he had lived on those subscriptions during some years: and he could not without disgrace omit to perform his part of the contract.

8. He carried victory along with his banners; gained many partial successes; and at last, in a pitched battle, overthrew the Turkish force opposed to him.

EXERCISE B

27. Supply colons and semicolons where needed in the following sentences, and state in a complete sentence the reason for the use of each:

I. The mountain lies in the morning light, like a level vapor its gentle lines of ascent are scarcely felt by the eye it rises without effort or exertion, by the mightiness of its mass every slope is full of slumber and we know not how it has been exalted, until we find it laid as a floor for the walking of the eastern clouds.

2. Dear Sir

Please find enclosed $5.25, for which send me the following

Murray's Manual of Mythology,....$1.25

Eliot's Romola, illustrated,..

$2.50

Wallace's The Prince of India,.

.$1.50

3. Israel could move about he was now armed and if he had been at so much trouble to get rid of me, it was plain that I was meant to be the victim.

4. If a stray piece of linen hangs upon an hedge, says Sir Roger, they are sure to have it if a hog loses his way in the fields, it is ten to one but he becomes their prey our geese can not live in peace for them if a man prosecutes them with severity, his hen roost is sure to pay for it.

5. Swift wrote to Stella in these remarkable words "The Tories carry it among the new members six to one.'

6. New actors I see on the scene not one of whom shall guess what the other is doing or, indeed, know rightly what himself is doing.

7. Perhaps Don Juan, especially the latter parts of it, is the only thing approaching to a sincere work, he ever wrote the only work where he showed himself, in any measure, as

he was and seemed so intent upon his subject, as, for moments, to forget himself.

8. Yet Byron hated this vice we believe, heartily detested it nay, he had declared formal war against it in words.

9. But, if equal or superior, their condition was no longer the same if not in degree, their social prosperity had altered in quality for, instead of being a purely pastoral and vagrant people, they were now in circumstances which obliged them to become essentially dependent upon agriculture.

28. The Dash.- The dash should be used::

1. To mark abrupt changes in sentiment or in construction.

2. To mark the omission of letters or figures.

3. To separate from an apparently completed sentence expressions which refer back to some part of the sentence.

4. After a comma to separate a series of phrases or clauses from a concluding clause upon which they depend.

The dash may be used:

5. To mark pauses and repetitions intended for elocutionary effect.

6. To cut off parenthetical expressions which have a closer connection with the rest of the sentence than would be indicated by the marks of parenthesis.

7. After a colon when the construction is formal.

29. Marks of Parenthesis. These are now seldom used except:

I. To inclose an explanation or correction.

2. To refer to the text of a book.