deacon and sub-deacon stand behind the celebrant. Let us kneel is said by the the deacon; Lift up yourselves, the first kneeling, the second rising: the celebrant does not kneel.

VI. Of the Epistle, Gradual, and other

things to the Opertory.

1. Prayers having been said, the cele brant placing his hands upon the book or upon the altar, so that the palms touch the book, or if he please, holding the book, he reads the epistle in an intelligible voice, and Thanks to God is responded by the attendant; and standing in the same way, he goes through the Gradual, Alleluia and Tract, and Sequentia, if to be said. Which said, the priest, if he privately celebrate, or his attendant carries the book of the Missal to another part of the altar on the gospel side, and when he passes before the middle of the altar, he bows his head to the cross, and so places the Missal that the back part of the book, looks to the horn of the altar, and not to the wall, or to the part of it directly opposite to him.

2. The Missal being placed on the altar, the celebrant returns to the middle of it, and there standing with hands folded before his breast and eyes lifted up to God, then cast down, and profoundly bowing, he says secretly, Cleanse my heart, and command, O Lord, to bless, May the Lord be in my heart, as in the ordinary of the mass. Which being said, he goes to the book of the Missal, where, standing towards it with folded hands before his breast, he says in an intelligible voice, The Lord be with you,-R. And with thy spirit. Then with the thumb of his right hand he signs the sign of the cross, first upon the book, in the beginning of the gospel which is to be read, afterwards upon himself, in the forehead, mouth and breast, saying the Sequentia or Beginning of the Holy Gospel, &c., R. Glory to thee, O Lord. Then again, with hands folded before his breast, standing as above, he goes through the Pospel to the end. Which finished, the

attendant standing at the epistle side, behind the lowest step of the altar, replies, Praise to thee, O Christ; and the priest raising a little the book, kisses the beginning of the gospel, saying, Through the Gospel sayings, &c., except in masses for the dead, and unless he celebrate in the presence of the Chief Pontiff, cardinal, and legate of the apostolic See, or patriarch, archbishop and bishop in their residence, in which case the book is to be kissed by any one of the aforesaid, and the celebrant then does not kiss it, nor say Through the Gospel sayings. But when JESUS is named, he bows his head towards the book, and in the same way he kneels towards the book when a genuflexion is to be made in reading the gospel.

3. Having read the gospel, standing in the middle of the altar towards the cross, raising and extending his hands, he begins, if it is to be used, the Creed. When he says, In one God, he folds his hands, and bows his head to the cross; then erecting himself, he stands at the same time with folded hands before his breast as before, and goes on to the end. When he says, Jesus Christ, he bows his head to the cross. When he says, And he became flesh, to And was made man inclusive, he kneels. When he says, Together is adored, he bows his head to the cross. When he says, And the life everlasting, Amen, he makes with his right hand to himself the sign of the cross, from his forehead to his breast.

4. In solemn mass the sub-deacon, about the end of the last prayer, takes with both hands the book of the epistles, bringing it above his breast, and having made a genuflexion at the altar in the middle, he goes to the part of the epistle opposite the altar, and chaunts the epistle, which also the celebrant in the meantime reads in a low voice, the deacon assisting him on the right, and also the Gradual, Tract, &c., to Cleanse my heart. The epistle being chaunted, the subdeacon makes again a genuflexion to the middle of the altar, and returns to the

celebrant, and kneeling, kisses his hand, and is blessed by him, except in masses for the dead.

5. Afterwards the same sub-deacon takes the Missal of the celebrant, carries it to the horn of the gospel, and there attends the celebrant, who, at the middle of the altar, in a low voice, having said, Cleanse my heart, &c., and then having read the gospel, which at the close is not kissed, also the book of the gospels having been brought by the deacon to the altar, he places the incense on the censer. Afterwards, the deacon kneeling before the altar, says, Cleanse my heart, and taking the book of the gospels from the altar, he seeks a blessing from the celebrant, in like manner kneeling on the higher step of the altar; and having kissed his hand, the incensebearer1 going before, and two acolytes with candles kindled, taken from the credentia, he goes with the sub-deacon from the left to the place of the gospel opposite to the altar, towards the people, where the sub-deacon holding the book, in the middle between the two acolytes carrying the candlesticks, he says, The Lord be with you, with folded hands. When he says, Sequentia, &c., he signs the book in the beginning of the gospel, then his forehead, mouth, and breast; afterwards he incenses thrice the book, in the middle, in the right and left side, and goes through the gospel with folded hands. Meanwhile the celebrant, after giving to the deacon his blessing, with

draws himself to the epistle side, and there stands with folded hands. When the deacon says the Sequentia of the Holy Gospel, the priest also signs himself; and when he names JESUS, he bows his head. Having finished the gospel, the priest kisses the book brought to him by the sub-deacon, saying, Through the Gospel sayings, &c., and thrice he is incensed by the deacon. If he be in the presence of a prelate in his residence, the book is carried to the prelate as above, and he is incensed as in the ceremonial. Afterwards, standing in the middle of the altar towards the cross, he begins, if it is to be said, the Creed, the deacon and subdeacon standing behind: then approaching the altar, he goes on to Glory in the highest.

6. But if he is to preach, the preacher, having finished the gospel, preaches; and the discourse or address ended, the Creed is said, or if not, the Offertory shall be chaunted.

7. When in the symbol (Creed) the clause, And he was made flesh, shall be chaunted, the deacon having taken the bursa from the credentia, carries it elevated with both hands, with the usual reverences, to the middle of the altar, on which he unfolds the corporal and returns it to the celebrant. When the Creed is not said, the sub-deacon brings the bursa together with the chalice, as is mentioned below.

8. If at any time the celebrant chaunts the mass without the deacon and sub

deacon, a reader chaunts the Epistle in the wonted place, wearing the superpellex, who, at the close, does not kiss the hand of the celebrant: but the celebrant chaunts the gospel at the gospel side, and at the close of the mass chaunts, Go, it is ended, or Let us bless the Lord, or Let them rest in peace, according to the dif ferent seasons.

VII. Of the Offertory1 and other parts to the Canon.

1. Having said the symbol, or if it is not to be said, after the celebrant has kissed the gospel at the middle of the altar, and with folded hands before his breast, at the same time with his left hand to the right, as is mentioned above, he turns himself towards the people, and extending and joining his hands, he says, The Lord be with you; and, with folded hands, he returns by the same way to the middle of the altar, where, extending and folding his hands, and bowing his head to the cross, he says, Let us pray; then folding his hands as before, he says the offertory; and all that is to be said, to the end of the mass, at the middle of the altar, he says in the same place, standing towards the altar, unless where it is otherwise appointed.

2. Having said the offertory, he uncovers the chalice and stops at the horn of the epistle, and removes with his right hand a little pall above the host, takes the paten with the host, and holding it with both hands elevated to his breast, with eyes raised to Gol and then cast down, he says, Accept, holy Father, &c.

3. If the other hosts have not been upon the paten, but upon that corporal, or in another chalice or vase to be consecrated for the communion of the people, he uncovers that chalice or vase on the right side, and directing his intention to those to be offered and consecrated, he says as above, Accept, &c., as in the ordinary of the mass. Which said, hold

ing the paten with both hands, he makes with it the sign of the cross over the corporal, and lays the host around the middle of the front part of the corporal before him, and the paten at his right hand, a little under the corporal, which, the cup being wiped as has been mentioned, he covers with the purificatory. But if a vase or cup be present with other hosts, he covers it with another paten or pall.

4. Then in the corner of the epistle he takes the chalice, wipes it with the purificatory, and holding the stalk of it by the left, he takes the jar of wine from the hand of the attendant, (who has kissed the jar, but not the hand of the celebrant,) and puts wine into the chalice. Then in like manner holding the cup, he makes the sign of the cross over the jar of water, and says, God, who of human substance; and pouring a little water into the cup, goes on-Grant to us, by the mystery of this water and wine, &c. If, indeed, he celebrates for the dead, he does not make the sign of the cross over the water, but pours it in without a benediction, saying the prayer as above.

5. The water being placed in the cup, and the aforesaid prayer being ended, he takes with his right hand the uncovered chalice, and standing before the middle of the altar, holding it elevated with both hands, to wit, with the left at the foot, but with the right at the stalk beneath the cup, with eyes directed to God, he offers, saying, We offer to thee, O Lord, &c.; which prayer ended, he makes the sign of the cross with the chalice over the corporal, and places it in the middle behind the host, and covers it with a pall. Then with folded hands placed over the altar, bowing slightly, he says secretly, In the spirit of humility, &c. Afterwards, standing erect, raising his eyes and opening his hands, and immediately folding them before his breast, (which he always does when any one is to be blessed,) he says, Come sanctified, &c.

When he says, And bless, &c., he signs with his right hand, in common, over host and chalice, with his left placed over the altar.

6. Then, with hands folded before his breast, he approaches to the horn of the epistle, where, standing, the attendant pouring out water, he washes his hands, that is, the extremities of the fingers of of his thumb and forefinger, saying the psalm, I will wash among the innocent,. with Glory to the Father, &c.; which verse, Glory to the Father, is passed over in masses of the dead, and in masses of the season, from Sunday of Passion to the Holy Sabbath, exclusive.

7. The celebrant having washed his hands wipes them, and folding them before his breast, returns to the middle of the altar; where, standing, and raising his eyes to God, with folded hands over the altar, bowing his head slightly, he says secretly the prayer, Accept, holy Trinity, &c., which said, with hands extended on each side and placed over the altar, he kisses it in the middle; then, with hands folded before his breast, and eyes cast down to the ground, he turns himself from the left hand to the right, to the people, and extending and folding his hands towards it, he says in a voice slightly raised, Pray ye brethren, and secretly going on, that my and your sacrifice, &c., he completes the circle, returning, with hands folded before his breast, from the right hand to the middle of the altar. And the response from the attendant and bystanders, The Lord accept the sacrifice of thy hands, &c., otherwise (if by himself,) saying, The sacrifice of my hands; the celebrant in a low voice says, Amen, and with hands extended before his breast, as at prayer, standing at the middle of the altar towards the book, he says at once without Let us pray, and without any other interruption, a prayer or secret prayers.

When he says, Through the Lord,1 he folds hands; when he says, Jesus Christ, he bows his head, which he does in the first prayer and in the last, if more are to be said.

8. Having arrived at the close of the last secret, at the words, Through all ages, exclusively, the priest standing at the middle of the altar, with his hands placed upon it, extended on each side, says in a suitable and intelligible voice the Preface. When he says, Lift up your heart, he raises his hands extended on each side to his breast, so that the the palm of one hand is to the back of the other. When he says, We give thanks to God, he folds hands. When he says, To our God, he raises his eyes, and immediately bows his head to the cross. Having replied, It is becoming and it is just, with hands elevated and stretched out as before, he goes on; going on with the proper or common preface as the time requires. When he says, Holy, with hands folded before his breast and his person inclined, in a gentle voice, he goes on, the attendant meanwhile striking a little bell. When he says, Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, he stands erect and makes the sign of the cross from his forehead to his breast.

9. In solemn mass, having said, Let us pray, the deacon and sub-deacon approach to the altar on the epistle side, the deacon removes the chalice, if it is on the altar, or if it is on the credentia, as is more becoming, he takes it from the hand of the sub-deacon, who, with the paten and host covered with a pall and veil hanging from his neck, holding it with his left hand, and placing in addition his other hand to the veil, lest anything should fall, he brings it from the credentia, attended by the acolyte bearing jars of wine and water; the deacon uncovers the cup and gives the paten

with the host to the celebrant, kissing his hand, the sub-deacon wipes the cup with the purificatory; the deacon having received the jar of wine from the hand of the sub-deacon, places the wine in the cup, the sub-deacon, meanwhile, showing the jar of water to the celebrant, says, Bless you, reverend father, who, having made the sign of the cross towards it, says the prayer, God, who of human, &c.

In the meantime, the sub-deacon pours a little water into the chalice, the deacon gives it to the celebrant, and touching the foot of the cup, or sustaining the right arm of the celebrant, with him says, We offer prayer to thee, O Lord, &c., which, afterwards, is placed on the altar, as above, he covers with the pall. Then the sub-deacon, standing at the horn of the altar, places the paten in his right hand, which he covers with the extremity of the veil hanging down from his shoulders, and goes after the celebrant before the middle of the altar, and having made a genuflexion there, stands, holding it elevated, unto the end of the Lord's prayer. In masses for the dead, and in the sixth holiday of Parasceue (prepar.), the paten is not held by the sub-deacon.

10. Having said, Come sanctified, as above, the celebrant, the deacon presenting the incense-box, and saying, Bless you, reverend father, places incense on the censer, saying, Through the intercession, &c., as in the ordinary of the

mass.

Then taking the censer from the hand of the deacon, making no reverence at that time to the cross, incenses the oblation1 three times, waving the censer over the cup and host, to wit, twice from the right to the left, and once from the

left to the right, (the deacon, meanwhile, holding his right hand at the foot of the chalice,) distributing words at each incensing in this manner, in the first incensing, that incense, in the second, by thee blessed, in the third, ascend to thee, O Lord, in the fourth, and may he descend upon us, in the fifth and sixth, thy mercy. Then, having made a reverence, he incenses the cross and the altar, as is mentioned above, the same deacon assisting, meanwhile saying, My prayer is directed, O Lord, &c., and when the cross is incensed, the deacon removes the cup to the part of the epistle, and having incensed the cross, he restores it to its place. When he returns the censer to the deacon, He kindles in us, &c., and is incensed by him, then the deacon incenses the choir, and lastly the sub-deacon holding the paten; and the deacon is incensed by the incensebearer, and the incense-bearer afterwards incenses the acolyte and the people. The celebrant afterwards being incensed, washes his hands, the acolyte presenting the jar of water, with the bason and towel.

11. When the preface is said, the deacon and sub-deacon stand behind the celebrant; and a little before the Sanctus (a prayer) is said, he approaches to the altar, where, with the celebrant, on each side, the Sanctus is said, and what follows to the canon. Then the deacon approaches to the left side of the celebrant, assisting him while he says the canon, unless another priest assist, because then he shall stand at the right side, a little behind the celebrant, when the sub-deacon stands behind the celebrant.

says,