God, and the cemeteries where we shall repose when dead; they will anoint the altars of sacrifice with the holy chrism; they will impart the Holy Spirit in the Sacrament of orders to successive generations of ecclesiastics, brought up under their guidance in their seminaries and colleges. They will be true pastors and shepherds of souls, and fathers of the poor, Denuded of their worldly magnificence, that I have shown to have been in former ages so fearful a snare, they will devote their entire lives and energies to the sacred duties of their office. And, my Catholic friends and brethren, shall not we on our side correspond to our chief pastors; thus I may say divinely established for our support and consolation? Shall we not place in their hands the temporal means to enable them to fulfil the full measure of their usefulness? God forbid: for I do not hesitate to say that if we neglect to support those whom God hath given us, he will deprive us of this great blessing. It will be vain if you agree with me in denouncing the temporal evils of rich endowments and state pensions, if you do not supply the necessities of the Church by renewing the apostolic system of continual and successive offerings. The real, the spiritual success of what the Holy Father has done for us depends on our exertions. I have shown that it is not in endowments, in testamentary bequests, that the true source of the Church revenues is to be found; but in the hearts, the faithful hearts of her children. Oh! let not this be a theory but a practice, which you would fulfil as earnestly and truly as your Easter

communion. Let every man send, according to his gains and means, a reasonable sum to his diocesan for episcopal purposes, independent of any other duties or local works in which he may be engaged; let this be a distinct matter from all others. Let every faithful man make a solemn engagement before God to do this, otherwise the Te Deum we have sung, the addresses of thankfulness we have signed, are a farce and a mockery. We have now an opportunity to show what the free principle can do, and if we carry it out nobly we shall be a beacon for Christendom. Let us show what a free hierarchy can do without pension from the state, without endowed property, without tithes or rates, or one coercive payment from friend or foe. Let us prove and show that Christ's Church can flourish on its own strength and the love of its children, and their free-will offerings. If you carry this out I can promise you a reign of Catholic glory to which the mediæval splendours were as nothing. Glorious as are the mighty fabrics they raised, they are often connected with men and times which detract from the fairness of the architecture, and tarnish the gilding of the sanctuary; but if the Church, under the difficulties of such systems, could do so much, what cannot she perform when relieved from these bonds? What ought men not to expect under a free system and external peace? and if we live as we ought, as Catholics to serve God, nothing is impossible to achieve. I fear not our enemies; I fear not our calumniators; I fear not the tyranny of state measures. I have but one fear; that

is, I fear ourselves. I fear we have been so long slumbering on under our imperfect ecclesiastical rules, that now the whole is come in all its fulness, we shall not duly appreciate the blessing, and respond to our altered circumstances. We are comparatively a small body; but we could spare many that bear our name, and yet be strengthened in our cause.

'I would we were quit of all those men, who, while retaining the name of Catholic, could betray the Church to state tyranny. I would we were quit of all those men, who, retaining the name of Catholic, afflict the pastors, and scandalise the faithful, by forsaking the holy sacraments of the Church. I would we were quit of all those men, who, while retaining the name of Catholic, exhibit no realization of its principles in their lives, but squander their revenues in every species of worldly vanity and folly, neglecting the Church and its ministers, and abandoning the temple of God to decay. I would we were quit of all those indifferent men, bearing the name of Catholic, who are almost too apathetic to try and save their own souls, and who never aid or contribute in any good work whatever; and I would we were quit of all men who degrade religion by dressing it up in Pagan and paltry externals, and who import the worst style of the most corrupt period of continental ecclesiology into a land full of the purest Catholic traditions. For all these are only drags on the wheel of the revival of faith and Catholic art and practices; and I believe, if we had only true zealous men left, like Gideon's three

hundred lappers up of water, we should be in a better position to resist the Midianites. But this cannot be. We must trust in the arm of Almighty God to support us, and animate all with a good spirit. If ever there was a time or occasion when we might hope for unity in the Catholic body, this is one. If there could be imagined a moving cause so powerful as to break up local prejudices, party feelings, and unworthy division, it is this restoration of ecclesiastical government, and gathering our shattered and separated fragments into a real Church. If there ever was a magnetic power to draw gold from misers, to make niggards liberal, and sluggards active, it is now. If ever there was an event which was calculated to promote unity of action and unity of soul, to make men confess their past sins, and to make good resolutions for the future, to make them liberal to religion, and devout and thankful to God, animating them with a true spirit of the faith they profess, and lead them to discard for ever Paganism and its wretched incongruities, and to labour with heart and soul for the revival of the true architecture created by the Christian religion itself, it is the foundation of this English hierarchy which should be our delight and our glory, and which should now become one of the earnest objects of our lives and actions to support and maintain in all freedom, honour, and integrity, in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.'

CHAPTER III.

Pugin's character as exhibited in his Writings-His originality-His thoroughness-His honesty of purpose- His strong love of the national character-His habits of activity-Pugin's incomplete and unpublished Work, entitled 'An Apology for the Separated Church of England since the Reign of Henry VIII.,' showing the general decay of the Ecclesiastical spirit and the corruptions of the Fifteenth Century-The system of endowments and large monastic possessions, and their abuses considered-The Work interrupted by DeathConclusion.

Character and Constitution of Pugin's mind.

AFTER having traced the development of his principles in his writings, and marked the mental power he displayed in defence of the Gothic revival and of his opinions on ecclesiastical history and on matters of Church government, it may not now perhaps be altogether out of place briefly to inquire into the constitution of Pugin's mind, and examine those essential qualities which have raised him above the ordinary level of mankind. Genius, it must be remembered, has the peculiar power of bestowing vividness and variety on intellectual energy, and it freely conferred this gift on Pugin. His mind seemed to give out light. It brightened what it touched, and brought out the secret strength, the covert allusion, or the more recondite mean