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GR. III. v. v. 1.

labis esse fructum, non utique Deum confiteretur et Deum om- LIB. III. v.1. nium et summum Regem et Patrem suum, perfectus imperfectum, MASS. III. spiritalis animalem, is qui in Pleromate esset eum qui extra Pleroma. Neque discipuli ejus alium quemdam Deum nominarent, aut Dominum vocarent præter eum, qui vere esset Deus et Dominus omnium: quemadmodum dicunt hi, qui sunt vanissimi sophistæ, quoniam Apostoli cum hypocrisi fecerunt doctrinam secundum audientium capacitatem, et responsiones secundum interrogantium 1suspiciones, cæcis cæca confabulantes secundum cæcitatem ipsorum, languentibus autem secundum languorem ipsorum, et errantibus secundum errorem eorum: et putantibus Demiurgum solum esse Deum, hunc annuntiasse; his vero qui innominabilem Patrem capiunt, per parabolas et ænigmata inenarrabile2 fecisse mysterium: uti non quemadmodum habet ipsa veritas, sed et in hypocrisi, et quemadmodum capiebat unusquisque, Dominum et Apostolos edidisse magisterium.

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2. Hoc autem non est sanantium, nec vivificantium, sed magis gravantium, et augentium ignorantiam ipsorum: et multo verior his Lex invenietur, maledictum dicens omnem, qui in erro- Deut. xxvii. rem mittat cæcum in via. Qui enim ad inventionem missi erant errantium Apostoli, et ad visionem eorum qui non videbant, et ad medicinam languentium, utique non secundum præsentem opinionem colloquebantur eis, sed secundum veritatis manifestationem. Nec enim quilibet homines recte facient, si cæcos jamjamque per præcipitium ferri incipientes, adhortentur insistere illi periculosissimæ viæ, quasi vere rectæ, et quasi bene perventuri sint. Quis autem medicus volens curare ægrotum, faciet secundum concupiscentias ægrotantis, et non secundum quod aptum est medicinæ ? Quoniam autem Dominus medicus venit eorum qui male habent, ipse testificatur, dicens: Non est opus sanis medicus, sed male Luc. v. 31, 32. habentibus. Non veni vocare justos, sed peccatores ad pœnitentiam. Quomodo ergo qui male habent confirmabuntur? et quomodo peccatores pœnitentiam agent? Utrum perseverantes in eisdem ipsis; an e contrario, magnam commutationem et transgressionem prioris conversationis accipientes, per quam et ægritudinem non

1 Grace υπολήψεις, pro opinionibus dixit Interpres. MASSUET.

2 Τοῖς δὲ τὸν ἀκατονόμαστον Πατέρα χωροῦσιν, διὰ παραβολῶν καὶ αἰνιγμάτων ἄῤῥητον πλάσασθαι τὸ μυστήριον. But

may not the author have written øpá-
σασθαι?

3 et is carelessly omitted by MASS.
and STIEREN, who follows the Bene-
dictine text.

GR. III. v.

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LIB. III. v. 2. modicam, et multa peccata sibimetipsis importaverunt? Ignorantia
MASS. III. autem mater horum omnium per agnitionem evacuatur. Agnitio-

seq.

v. 2.

nem ergo faciebat Dominus suis discipulis, per quam et curabat м. 180.
laborantes, et peccatores a peccato coercebat. Non igitur jam
secundum pristinam opinionem loquebatur eis, neque secundum
suspicionem interrogantium respondebat eis; sed secundum doctri-
nam salutarem, et sine hypocrisi, et sine personæ 1acceptatione.

3. Quod etiam ex Domini sermonibus ostenditur: qui quidem his qui erant ex circumcisione ostendebat Filium Dei, eum qui per prophetas prædicatus fuerat Christum, hoc est semetipsum, manifestabat, qui libertatem hominibus restauraverit, et attribuerit incorruptelæ hæreditatem. Gentes autem iterum docebant Apostoli, Act. xiv. 14 ut relinquerent vana ligna et lapides, quæ suspicabantur esse deos, et verum colerent Deum, qui constituisset et fecisset omne humanum genus, et per conditionem suam aleret et augeret et constabiliret, et eis esse præstaret ; et ut exspectarent 2 filium ejus Jesum Christum, qui redemit nos de apostasia sanguine suo, ad hoc ut essemus et nos populus sanctificatus, de cœlis descensurum in virtute Patris, qui et judicium omnium facturus est, et ea quæ a Deo sunt bona donaturus his, qui servaverint præcepta ejus. Hic in novissimis temporibus apparens, lapis summus angularis, in unum Ephes. ii. 17. collegit, et univit eos qui longe, et eos qui prope, hoc est, circumGen. ix. 27. cisionem et præputium, dilatans Japhet, 'et constituens eum in domo Sem.

CAP. VI.

Ostensio quod in Scripturis nemo alius Deus nominatur,
nec Dominus nuncupatur, nisi solus verus Deus
Pater omnium et Verbum ejus.

1. NEQUE igitur Dominus, neque Spiritus sanctus, neque Apo- G. 208.
stoli eum qui non esset Deus, definitive et absolute Deum nominas-
sent aliquando, nisi esset vere Deus; neque Dominum appellas-
sent aliquem ex sua persona, nisi qui dominatur omnium Deum

1 acceptatione, as in the CLERM. MS. ἀπροσωπολήπτως, the Syriac periphrasis for ἀνυποκρίτως.

2 The CLERM. MS. has Filium Dei ejus in Christum Jesum, which may have arisen out of Filium Dei Jesum Christum. The word Jesum having been lost in ejus

in, would be added again after Christum.

3 The CLERM. and Voss. MSS. have the not improbable reading præputiationem, ἀκροβυστίαν.

4 et, inserted by Mass. from the CLERM. and Voss. MSS.

5 εἰ μὴ τὸν πάντων κρατοῦντα Θεόν.

PRÆDICAT S. SPIRITUS.

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GR. III. vi.

vi. 1.

Ps. cix. 1.

Patrem, et Filium ejus qui dominium accepit a Patre suo omnis LIB. III. vi.l. conditionis, quemadmodum habet illud: Dixit Dominus Domino MASS. III. meo, Sede a dextris meis, quoadusque ponam inimicos tuos suppedaneum pedum tuorum. Patrem enim Filio collocutum ostendit: qui dedit ei hæreditatem gentium, et subjecit ei omnes inimicos. Vere igitur cum Pater sit Dominus, et Filius vere sit Dominus, merito Spiritus sanctus Domini appellatione signavit eos. Et iterum in eversione Sodomitarum Scriptura ait: Et pluit Do- Gen. xix. 24. minus super Sodomam et Gomorrham ignem et sulfur a Domino de cœlo. Filium enim hic significat, qui et Abrahæ collocutus sit, a Patre accepisse potestatem judicandi Sodomitas propter iniquitatem eorum. Similiter habet illud: Sedes tua Deus in Ps. xliv. 7 aternum; virga directionis, virga regni tui. Dilexisti justitiam, et odisti iniquitatem, propterea unxit te Deus, Deus tuus. 4Utrosque enim Dei appellatione signavit Spiritus, et eum qui ungitur Filium, et eum qui ungit, id est Patrem. Et iterum: Deus stetit Ps. lxxxi. 1. in synagoga Deorum, in medio autem deos discernit; de Patre, et Filio, et de his qui adoptionem perceperunt, dicit: hi autem sunt

1 Iisdem Scripturæ dictis ad propositum suum utitur, quibus Justinus in Dialogo cum Tryphone, p. 277. edit. Paris. adeo ut hunc locum Irenæo præ oculis fuisse cum hæc scriberet, mihi nullum sit dubium. GRABE. Upon this particular text see the Rabbinical gloss at p. 267 of the editor's work on the Creeds. FEUARD. remarks that Christ, Matt. xxii. 44, interprets this text of Himself and of the Father; S. Paul also makes the same application of it, 1 Cor. xv. 25, and Hebr. i. 13. The CLERM. MS. reads Sede ad dextram meam quousque.

2 Dominus...a Domino. The early fathers have very generally produced this text in proof of the Godhead of the Son, as well as of his distinct hypostatic subsistence. "No man hath seen the Father at any time, the only begotten Son he hath declared him;" for this reason, wherever under the old dispensation God is said to have revealed himself to his favoured servants, this was considered to have been effected through the agency of the Son. TERTULLIAN expresses the primitive faith when he says,

Id Verbum Filius ejus appellatum in
nomine Dei, varie visum Patriarchis, in
Prophetis semper auditum; postremo de-
latum ex Spiritu Patris Dei, &c. Præscr.
13.
And as IRENEUS soon after says,
Hoc est Filius, qui secundum manifes-
tationem hominibus advenit, &c. Hence,
since God appeared to Abraham, it was
the manifestation of God the Son, who
subsequently rained down fire and brim-
stone upon the cities of the plain, Domi-
nus a Domino. Cf. 2 Tim. i. 18.

3 GRABE reads potestatem ad judi-
candum, the CLERM. MS. potestatem ad-
judicandi. The reading of the Voss.
MS., which is followed by STIEREN, is
adopted also above. It corresponds
more perfectly with that which we may
imagine to have been in the Greek,
ἐξουσίαν τοῦ κρίνειν.

4 Ita et Justinus M. in Dial. cum Tryph. p. 277, citatis iisdem Davidis verbis subdit: εἰ οὖν καὶ ἄλλον τινὰ θεολογεῖν καὶ κυριολογεῖν τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον φατὲ ὑμεῖς, παρὰ τὸν Πατέρα τῶν ὅλων καὶ τὸν Χριστὸν αὐτοῦ. GRABE.

5 TERTULLIAN gives a similar ex

seq.

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LIB. III.vi.l. Ecclesia.

GR. III. vi.

vi. 1.

Ps. xlix. 1.

Ps. xlix. 3.

PATER ET FILIUS

Hæc enim est synagoga Dei, quam Deus, hoc est MASS. III. Filius ipse per semetipsum collegit. De quo iterum dicit: Deus deorum Dominus locutus est, et vocavit terram; quis deus? de quo dixit: Deus manifeste veniet, Deus noster, et non silebit: hoc est Filius, qui secundum manifestationem hominibus advenit, qui dicit: Palam apparui his qui me non quærunt. Quorum autem Ps. lxxxi. 5. deorum? quibus dicit: Ego dixi, Dii estis, et filii Altissimi omnes. Rom. viii. 15. His scilicet qui adoptionis gratiam adepti sunt, per quam clamamus: Abba Pater.

Esai. Ixv. 1.

2. Nemo igitur alius, quemadmodum prædixi, Deus nominatur, aut Dominus appellatur, nisi qui est omnium Deus et Exod. iii. 14. Dominus, qui et Moysi dixit: Ego sum, qui sum. Et sic dices filiis Israel: Qui est, misit me ad vos: et hujus Filius Jesus Christus Dominus noster, qui filios Dei facit credentes in nomen suum. 1Et iterum, loquente Filio ad Moysen: Descendi, inquit, G. 209.

Exod iii. 8.

planation of this text from the Psalm, Et stetit Deus in ecclesia deorum; ut si homines per fidem filios Dei factos, deos scriptura pronuntiare non timuit, scias illam multo magis vero et unico Dei Filio Domini nomen jure contulisse. adv. Prax. 13. That more earnest subjection of the will of man to the will of God, which distinguished the primitive Church, and which caused Christians so lightly to regard the world and life itself, gave to them a far deeper appreciation than we can have of the scriptural assurance: Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be: but we know that, when He shall appear, we shall be like Him; for we shall see Him as He is. And every man that hath this hope in him purifieth himself, even as He is pure. 1 John iii. 2, 3. Hence expressions which appeared very natural to the early members of Christ's Church, sound harsh and strange to us; and, in fact, shock the moral sense. So HIPPOLYTUS has not scrupled to say, Καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἐκφεύξῃ, Θεὸν τὸν ὄντα διδαχθείς, ἕξεις δὲ ἀθάνατον τὸ σῶμα καὶ ἄφθαρτον ἅμα ψυχῇ βασιλείαν οὐρανῶν ἀπολήψῃ, ὁ ἐν γῇ βιοὺς καὶ ἐπουράνιον βασιλέα ἐπιγνοὺς, ἔσῃ δὲ ὁμιλητὴς Θεοῦ καὶ συγκληρονόμος Χριστοῦ, οὐκ ἐπιθυμίαις ἢ πάθεσι καὶ

νόσοις δουλούμενος. Γέγονας γὰρ Θεός ὅσα γὰρ ὑπέμεινας πάθη ἄνθρωπος ὤν, ταῦτα δίδου ὅτι ἄνθρωπος εἰς ὅσα δὲ παρακολουθεῖ Θεῷ, ταῦτα παρέχειν ἐπήγε γελται Θεός, ὅτε θεοποιηθῆς, ἀθάνατος γεννηθείς. Hence there can be little doubt how the author intended the sentence next following to be taken: Τουτέστι τὸ Γνῶθι σεαυτὸν, ἐπιγνοὺς τὸν πεποιηκότα Θεόν. It is explained beyond a doubt by the final sentence of his work, Ph. X. 34. Compare also the Theophania of Eusebius, 1. 47—69.

1 GRABE remarks with surprise that IRENEUS should interpret Exod. iii. 14, of God the Father, but v. 8, of God the Son; but the writer is drawing on to the conclusion that the Father is in the Son, as the Son is in the Father, and whatever revelation is made by the one is made by the other also. Having said, therefore, that none else is called God or Lord, but he whose name is I AM, (nisi Qui Est, εἰ μὴ ὁ ΩΝ, τῶν πάντων Θεὸς καὶ Κύριος, who revealed himself by that name to Moses), and Jesus Christ our Lord, he then shews that the Son was revealed upon mount Horeb, from the words used, Descendi eripere populum, for "He that descended is the same also that ascended up far above all

p. 28.

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GR. III. vi.

vi. 2.

eripere populum hunc. Ipse est enim qui descendit, et ascendit LIB. III. vi.2. propter salutem hominum. Per Filium itaque qui est in Patre, MASS, III. et habet in se Patrem, is Qui est, manifestatus est Deus, Patre M 181. testimonium perhibente Filio, et Filio annuntiante Patrem. Quemadmodum et Esaias ait: Et ego, inquit, testis, dicit Dominus Esai. xliii. 10. Deus, et puer quem elegi, uti cognoscatis, et credatis, et intelligatis, quoniam ego sum. Cum autem eos, qui non sunt dii, nominat, non as, in totum, quemadmodum prædixi, Scriptura ostendit illos deos, sed cum aliquo additamento et significatione, per quam ostenduntur non esse dii. Quemadmodum apud David: Dii Gentium, idola Ps. xcv. 5. dæmoniorum. Et Deos alienos non sectabimini. Ex eo enim quod Ps. lxxx. 10. dicit, dii Gentium, Gentes autem verum Deum nesciunt, et alienos deos nominans eos, abstulit quod sint dii. A sua autem persona 'quod est dicit de ipsis: Sunt enim idola, inquit, dæmoniorum. Et Esaias: Confundantur omnes qui blasphemant Deum, et Esai. xliv. 9. sculpunt inutilia, 2 et ego testis, dicit Dominus. Abstulit quod sint dii; solo autem utitur nomine, ad hoc, ut sciamus de quo dicit. Hoc autem ipsum et Jeremias: Dii, inquit, qui non fecerunt Jer. x. 11. cælum et terram, pereant de terra quæ est sub cœlo. Ex eo enim quod perditionem eorum adjecit, ostendit non esse eos Deos. Et Helias autem convocato universo Israël in Carmelum montem, volens eos ab idolatria avertere, ait eis: Quousque claudicabitis vos 3 Reg. xviii. in ambabus suffraginibus? Si unus est Dominus Deus, venite post eum. Et iterum super holocaustum sic ait idolorum sacerdotibus: Vos invocabitis in nomine deorum vestrorum, et ego invocabo in 3 Reg. xviii.

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heavens, that he might fill all things;" or,
as it would seem, in allusion to the words
of the Eastern Creed, who for us men
and for our salvation came down from
heaven. Viewing the context, therefore,
it need not surprise us that IRENEUS
should have perceived in the account of
Moses a manifestation of the Son as
well as of the Father.

1 αὐτοπροσώπως ὅ ἐστι (εἴδωλα sc.).
2 These concluding words are an
interpolation, having been repeated by
the carelessness of the writer, as MAS-
SUET supposes, from the preceding quota.
tion from Isaiah.

.LXX וּמִן תְּחוֹת שְׁמַיָא אֵלֶה .Chald 3

καὶ ὑποκάτωθεν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τούτου. Vulg.
et de his quæ sub cœlo sunt.

4 Suffraginibus. The hock of a quadruped as distinguished from the knee by the backward bend. Quæ animal generant, genua ante se flectunt, et suffraginum artus in aversum..... .Aves, ut quadrupedes alas in priora curvant, suffragines in posteriora. PLIN. Hist. Nat. XI. 45. The LXX. have here ἐπ' ἀμφοτέραις ¡yvúais. The Hebrew D'Dyon 'ny by would have been rendered better by ἐπ ̓ ἀμφοτέροις μέρεσιν. So GESENIUS, auf die beiden Seiten.

5 Si unus est Dominus. LXX. El tσTI Κύριος ὁ Θεός. The word unus evidently arose from a corruption of εἰ ἔστι. ΜΑΒSUET imagines that the translator read els for el, and that the particle si was added from the old Italic version.

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