are new pulp mills to talk about, the coming of new mining companies from the States and from England bound for the Manitoba extensions of the Ontario

mineral ranges; fisheries are growing; and hydroelectric installation gives the city neighborhood more cheap power than it can use. These things and the

standardized tourist jargon the Mayor passes over as he faces towards his map and, so he thinks, towards the future of Winnipeg.

A

FAR-SEEING and generous business man recently contrib

uted securities to the treasury of Syracuse University, in New York State, aggregating about a million dollars, the income from which is to be used to develop a new kind of school of political science. The school opened with an inaugural address by Elihu Root in October, 1924. The political philosophy and practical basis of this novel enterprise are worthy of National notice.

The school is founded upon the belief that politics and government are an important part of the main business of life. We are living under a comparatively new form of government which we call democracy. In the modern sense, it really did not begin until 1832 with the passage of the Reform Bill in England. At almost the same time Andrew Jackson was leading the march of modern democracy in this country on foot up Pennsylvania Avenue from Gadsby's Hotel to the Capitol, where he was to be inaugurated as the seventh President of the United States. And when Jackson mounted his horse and rode back to

the White House there followed him in every form of transportation known to the times-barbarian, Scythian, bond, and free, from all over the Union. That was less than one hundred years ago.

G

Let Us Have Science and
Government

OVERNMENT and political action are complicated and increasingly difficult to understand, especially so in this country, with our direct primaries and recalls and referenda and frequent electoral campaigns. The executive, legislative, and judicial processes are intricate-comparatively few intelligently master them; the business is technical, the processes involved, the machinery complex. The Government is in the hands of the people, and the people are not as well informed as they should be about the way the Government works. As yet even our

public schools spend very little time in the consideration of the issues and business of citizenship perhaps a single course for six months out of a full educational curriculum, under teachers who frequently know little about the subject. Yale University has been in existence nearly two hundred and fifty years, but has never had, I believe, a department of political science. Harvard and Columbia have done some creditable work within a relatively short time, and some of the Western institutions have done something; but we are still a long distance from taking government seriously in education.

The American people have the power of suffrage and help to make up what we call public opinion, which is the most important governmental force in the United States. At crises the people have done extraordinarily well, in spite of the handicaps. But, as the country grows, older and the business of self-government becomes more difficult, it is necessary that the mass of the people understand with reasonable 'thoroughness the processes of political action; if they do not, they are not real makers of public opinion; they are only subjects for demagogues and propagandists to work upon -so much material for mob agitation. If the people are to go straight, they must have accurate information; not propaganda, not prejudiced points of view, but facts. A professedly democratic country rocked by the selfish or one-sided propaganda of classes and biased interests and organized minorities is a dangerous country to live in. It is dangerous to human rights, and in the long run it is exceedingly dangerous to property rights and to orderly human progress.

Next to an informed intelligence on the part of the mass of the people, popular government needs well-trained leaders. The American people owe much to great leaders, particularly in the early period of our nationality. That we have had them at all in the last fifty years, since we plunged with all our energy into

vast industrial expansion, is more a tribute to Providence and the naturally good human stuff in the American people than to anything else.

In the last fifty years we have fallen into the habit of depreciating and belittling the men who really make a study of public questions and fight our battles in public affairs. It has been quite the fashion to look upon the field of government as a foul area from which decent persons might better keep away. The so-called best people drew their immaculate robes about them and boasted about their aloofness from the filth and mire of politics and public affairs. It required the sacrifice of men like Root and Roosevelt and Cleveland and Wilson to break down the vogue of this particular cult in our modern National life. And, while the so-called best people may not have much to do with our Government and politics even now, at least they do not brag about it as they used to do. We are coming to realize the tremendous importance of good government.

Majority Rule No Panacea THE hope of popular government is not

that it is a government by majorities. Majorities can be both ignorant and tyrannical, like minorities. Democracy is self-government. The hope of popular government is that it may become rooted in self-government, "the government of the worst in every man by the best in every man." It is the part of the gifted leader in a democracy to rally the informed intelligence and kindness and generosity and virtue in a people to the attack upon the ignorance and prejudice and self-interest of a people. Individual and enlightened self-government and skilled leadership are the corner-stones of a successful democracy.

Another factor which modern government cannot function without is the trained specialist. A multitude of places in the public service of the country which are now manned by what we sometimes call job-holders should be filled by men and women with technical administrative

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knowledge. We will never have efficient government until they are so filled. The same thing is true of international affairs. It is only recently that the United States has given itself to a deep consideration of international relations, and we have only just begun to feel the lack of a sufficient number of trained persons who know what it is all about.

TH

The Rarest of Species

HE trained specialist is as yet far from being the persona grata in the American democracy that he should be. We use some of the species in Washington, but we starve them and drive them out into private enterprise in order to feed their families. This lack of appreciation of the trained specialist is a part of our inheritance from the days of Andrew Jackson. The political philosophy of the new democracy which came into power with Jackson was that every man is as good as any other man, if not a little better, for any purpose of government. The fact is that behind every great task that turns out well for modern government is the trained specialist.

These be the three weaknesses of modern democracy: the lack on the part of the people of a knowledge of the difference that bad government makes in their lives and a lack of sufficient intelligent information about their own government; the lack of enough competent leaders in National, State, and municipal affairs; the lack of trained specialists in the problems of government and political action. These are structural weaknesses. And it is to perform one institution's part in the cure of these structural weaknesses that the new School of Citizenship and Public Affairs in Syracuse University was established. This first year of its existence there are twelve hundred young men and women enrolled in the school. Study of government and public affairs is made compulsory for freshmen and elective for classes above. The plan is to acquaint all freshmen in as simple a manner as possible with what government is and the way in which it works; to bring about an understanding and appreciation of the peculiar rights, duties, and inheritances of American citizenship; and to do this, not in the old, dry-as-dust, bookish fashion, but concretely, in terms of reality and human nature and practical sense.

Founded 1873 Pittsburgh Philadelphia Smith Bldg., Washington,D.C. Minneapolis

New York

The attempt is made to expose stereotyped and popular slogans which interfere with the operation of practical sense in public matters. The effort is made to show that the political order is made up essentially of human beings, and not simply of institutions and systems. Social psychology is the foundation of the

course. With freshmen, emphasis is laid upon the simpler principles and operations, but also much upon political biography and autobiography, as revealing the motives and practices that lie back of political procedure. Advantage is taken of events of local, National, or international interest to bring political actualities home to beginning students. The dramatic staging of conventions, conferences, primaries, and party committees; the presentation of political plays like "Abraham Lincoln," "Robert E. Lee," "The County Chairman," or Ibsen's "Enemies of the People;" the utilization of National themes in English composition assignments and in public speaking; and, above all, the free discussion of current problems and issues of National life in Socratic quizzes week by week-these are the methods by which it is planned to permeate entering freshmen, and thus ultimately the whole student body, with a spirit of just and free and practical government.

Away with the Sawdust
Dialect

THE study of political science has been

too bookish. It has talked the sawdust dialect of forms and powers and rules. Government deals fundamentally, not with theories or logic, but with human nature. The problem of political progress, as Elihu Root has pointed out, is to find out, to control and combine and guide into the right path the infinite variety of prejudices and passions and interests and preconceptions and ignorances and follies and materialism and wisdom and kindliness and idealism of the great body of the people of the country. The new purpose in the school of political science at Syracuse is to inspire many thousands of college men and women to go out into life with a knowledge that makes it possible for them to act as centers of control in mob agitation, to combat demagogues, to know what questions to ask and what to do about it if the answer is not forthcoming; to baffle and displace those in the National community who are seeking to thwart normal human progress for their own ends by playing upon the prejudices and baser motives of mankind.

For the later years-the sophomore, junior, and senior-there are provided intensive studies of American government and political action which young men and women who desire to prepare themselves for possible leadership in public affairs may enter upon with advantage. These include those methods and material which emphasize the development of a broad, well-founded judgment. The group discussions of the freshman

year are continued in the later years with a wide latitude for debate upon controversial questions of the past as well as the present. The sources are the important state papers, the Presidential and gubernatorial messages, the great debates of American history, vivified by an animated discussion after the manner of the case system in the study of law. Students are expected to attend and report upon public meetings of the city Council, the Board of Supervisors, courts, and other public bodies and organizations. The effort will be made to help successive college generations to know how to assemble and analyze those material facts which lie at the basis of government, to think in terms of public affairs, to express themselves well on paper and on their feet, and to go out among their fellow-citizens and bring reasonable things to pass. The development of the trained specialist is provided for by graduate work upon problems of governmental administration and research.

No Place for Amateurs

'HE theory of the school is that self

THE

government is a thing which must be thoroughly learned, and learned through practical study in the public school as well as the higher educational ranges. Also it is believed to be desirable to bring home to the youth of America the great truth that in government and political action the long look behind is fully as important as the long look ahead; that it is best not to move too fast, but rather to build on what men have learned in toil and tears.

This is an important experiment for the country, and in its essential method is worthy of imitation far and wide, in the public schools as well as in the colleges. We are committed to this blundering, awkward form of government which we call democracy. All that we are sure of is that it works better than monarchy or oligarchy or aristocracy or any other form that has hitherto been tried. Human progress has been very nearly shipwrecked under other kinds of government than democracy. The difference has been graphically portrayed in a parallel attributed to the Federalist Fisher Ames in commenting upon monarchy and democracy, respectively. "Monarchy," said he, "is like a merchantman. You get on board and ride. out of the harbor and upon the sea in safety and elation; but by and by you strike a reef and down you go. Democracy is like a raft. You never sink, but, dammit, your feet are always in the water." If there is any way of making inevitable democracy more comfortable, that way ought to be found.

This "holy man" of India-reclining on a bed of nails-may look ridiculous to you. But India, with thirty centuries of history, does know religion as a fundamental of human life. That is something for Americans to think about!

Contents of November ASIA

THE WHITE BOOMERANG IN CHINA. The patronizing superiority of the white man has amazingly produced a united China to resist white injustice. Harry F. Ward cuts to the roots of the trouble.

ABD EL KRIM'S GENIUS BROTHER tells the secrets of Riffi power in Vincent Sheean's astonishing account of his life behind the Riffi lines. The one big story that has come out of the Riff. And a German Robin Hood, a raider of the desertwith five Arab wives-relates his unbelievable exploits.

A LAUGHTER-LOVING EAST reveals a surprise.

THE DRAMA OF THE SEA-the sea of idyllic Samoa with its booming blow-hole geysers and its animal life is told in the story of how the Flahertys made their Samoan film-successor of their "Nanook of the North."

ELEPHANTS A-PILING TEAK, ruled by a female leader of the herd who trains rebellious recruits in her own regime of wicked discipline, furnishes a rare story of animal intelligence. LUSTROUS BEAUTY OF GOLD AND LACQUER IN SIAM-a dream of kings in luxurious splendor-shines from rare choices out of Siam's temples and palaces. CHINA THROUGH A PINHOLE gives a look that shows the common sense in the way the Chinese do things upside down."

HAWAII IN LANGUOROUS PACIFIC TRADE WINDS, beckons temptingly when Elizabeth Dunbar tells of perfect bliss on a dollar a day.

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Simply fill out the coupon and mail. It will probably bring a very interesting new viewpoint.

Will the Flames
Spread?

The irrepressible longing of people to govern themselves is bursting into flame all over the Orient.

China is ablaze. China is demanding complete freedom from white race domination. If it cannot win by peace and justice, it will by boycott and if necessary

-war. Remember what Napoleon said: "When China moves, she will move the world!"

India is demanding independence. Perhaps it will be satisfied with home rule under Britain. But nothing less!

The Riff will fight France and Spain to its last man-for freedom. This insignificant race is testing French military power almost to the limit!

Turkey has forced complete independence from the white manand is ready to fight any great Western Power that interferes.

Persia has thrown off the influence of England and Russia.

Sooner or later every important native race under white control will follow suit.

The East outnumbers the West three to one. Is the situation ominous? Does it mean anything to you? Do you want to know how the white races can successfully face the issue?

ASIA Magazine (richly illustrated) will tell you the truth about the Orient.

ASIA MAGAZINE is

ADVENTURE. You enter the unknown with your and your mind.

eye LIFE.

Men and women of the wondrous East are as human as you-but in vastly more picturesque surroundings! ROMANCE and MYSTERY.

East is calling.

Still alive where the

VISION. A new world-perhaps the dominating world of the future-is unfolded before you. NATURE. Great animals stalk out of their jungle haunts into the pages of ASIA. KNOWLEDGE and CULTURE. You must stay tongue-tied among the best people if you do not know the Orient these days. EXPLORATION. Roy Chapman Andrews has cabled that his new series on his adventures in Mongolia is on its way across the Pacific. Read one issue of ASIA. Then see if you do not have new facts for conversation and thought that will distinguish you among your friends. ASIA readers-on the inside of the world's most vital trends long before the general public understands- have something new and rare to offer wherever men and women gather.

C

NONTRARY to the theory of many critics and some poets, the best poetry is not that which displays the most extraordinary mental ingenuity and verbal acrobatics, but is everlastingly that which imparts the highest delight. This old truth is again coming to its own. Yet a well-known critic declared in a recent magazine article that the so-called "renaissance in American poetry," which began with soand-so and such-a-one, had petered out. That "renaissance," which by no means. began with the distinguished writers named in the article, is a progressive growth that burgeons aboundingly. Our true poetry was never so flourishing, and the best is yet to be. What is more, our poetry is becoming distinctively American, and that not because of conscious striving to write the great American poem, but for the heartening reason that our native birds are spontaneously singing, as their bills grew..

Here we have John G. Neihardt contributing "The Song of the Indian Wars" 1 as the third volume in his bravely ambitious project of "an epic cycle of the West." This new poem tells, in fourteen episodes, the tale of the struggle for the great bison pastures west of the Missouri that began at the close of the Civil War and ended in 1890. It is a splendid tragedy of the inevitable conflict between settler and nomad, brilliant with the heroism of both red and white. Mr. Neihardt's Red Cloud, Man Afraid, Spotted Tail, Sitting Bull, and Crazy Horse are no cigar-store Indians, savage fiends, or noble bronze statues, but men revealed as men in peace and war, men whose lives you can relive, whose hearts you can enter and share. Their motives are made plain, their speeches in council are natural, trenchant, and convincing, even when,

Said Sitting Bull, his voice now low and tense:

"What better time, my friends, for going hence

Than when we have so many foes to kill?"

The story of the Forsyth Fight on Beecher's Island is vividly told, as is that

1The Song of the Indian Wars. By John The Macmillan Company, G. Neihardt. $2.25. New York.

of the battle on the Piney, where a handful stood off the hordes of Red Cloud until relief came, and—

the long blue skirmish line Swept down the hill to join the twenty-nine

Knee-deep in arrows.

Mr. Neihardt handles his iambic pentameter couplets with rare skill, entirely avoiding the monotony which so often is the curse of long poems in that form. His tale is told with warm sympathy and fiery vigor, with great beauty of description and simple, appropriate imagery. Thus we behold the great Indian council beginning at—

The time when, ere the stars may

claim the dark,

A goblin morning with the owl for lark Steals in;

and concluding when

Mr. Sarett writes of what he knows and feels, and with full power of communication. The tragic story of the old squaw, Tamarack Blue, the epilogue on the wicked city of Altyn, and the portraits of council chief, medicine-man, Indian maid, half-breed, sheep-herder, and trader, with their backgrounds, are vivid. and true; and there is much loveliness in the Indian chants and prayers, especially in the "Chant for the Moon-of-Flowers."

2 Slow Smoke. By Lew Sarett. Henry Holt & Co., New York. $2.

By way of contrast, the author flings in this sardonic

REQUIEM OF A MODERN CROESUS

To him the moon was a silver dollar, spun

Into the sky by some mysterious hand; the sun

Was a gleaming golden coin-
His to purloin;

The freshly minted stars were dimes of delight

Flung out upon the counter of the night.

In yonder room he lies,

With pennies on his eyes.

While there is not one single Indian in Stephen Vincent Benét's "Tiger Joy," the book is dominated by such other native institutions as pioneers, mountain fiddlers, and coastwise pirates. "The Ballad of William Sycamore" is that rarity, a right good ringing ballad with nearly every line simple, strong, compact, and suggesive, as all true ballad lines should be, down through the old pioneer hero's valedictory stanza:

Go play with the towns you have built of blocks,

The towns where you would have bound me!

I sleep in my earth like a tired fox, And my buffalo have found me. "The Mountain Whippoorwill," which is a Georgia ballad of "how Hill-Billy Jim remarkably keen and lively sense of won the great fiddler's prize," shows a rhythm. "The Hemp" and the other piratical ballads are well done, but a bit too dime-novelish and melodramatic. Mr. Benét still keeps a youthful tigerish joy in gore, like Toddy in "Helen's Babies," who, you will remember perhaps more accurately than I, delighted in the story of David and Goliath wholly because at the climax, "David's sword was all bluggy, an' Goliaf's head was all bluggy, an' there was blug, blug, blug!" But then, you know, it isn't real blood, only red ink. As for that prize-winning ballad, "King David," it is skillful but ignoble. The Biblical David in his heroism, his crime, and his remorse is a grander and more human figure than the Malory-Tennyson Lancelot, and one may conjecture that he would be treated with more respect by modern poets if he didn't suffer from the disadvantage of being in the Bible.

From his earlier volumes and also

'Tiger Joy. By Stephen Vincent Benet. The George H. Doran Company, New York. $1.75.