B

EFORE the now swiftly approach

ing high tide of the autumn's fiction sweeps the novel reader along with it he should give a lingering look toward some summer novels that are not of the hammock-in-the-shade class but are well worth reading by any one any time.

1

Pre-eminently so is the collection of Mr. Galsworthy's short-story output for twenty years, roped two by two in a "Caravan," with a few not thus paired. Usually an older story is bracketed with a later story because of subject or treatment. The reader may thus compare the author's art in the earlier and later periods, and will agree that there is surprisingly little difference in ripeness of feeling or social purview, although there may be in manner and technique. "Quality," for instance, written in 1911, is really perfect as a brief sketch of an old bootmaker who lived and died to make his boots the best possible.

The average quality of these fifty-six stories is high. The reader who has been wont to think of Galsworthy as pre-eminently a fiction painter of large canvases will be surprised at the appeal both of the "long-shorts" (a few are perhaps 20,000 words) and of the short bits of character work each with its own point or mood. "The Stoic" (from which was made the play "Old English," in which Mr. Arliss lately appeared), "The Apple Tree," "A Man of Devon," and "The Salvation of a Forsyte" are as satisfying as any part of "The Forsyte Saga." This volume will find place on many a shelf beside the "Saga," and will invite from time to time a repaying half-hour's reading.

The conquest of land, its lure and tragedy, are the theme of Mr. Muilenburg's "Prairie" and Mr. Grant-Watson's "The Contracting Circle." Both have been compared to Knut Hamsun's "The Growth of the Soil," but the likeness, if any, is superficial, for neither has any of the joyousness or epic imagination

of that great work. The "Prairie," indeed, is so austere as to be as painful in degree as it is real. The fight of the young pioneer couple against nature and misfortune is not a victory of endurance and faith. but the sacrifice of the life and reason of a wife quite unsuited to the primitive life -timorous, lonely, crushed under the task-while her dogged, obstinate, oneideaed husband ends by driving his own son away, just as he was driven from home by his father, whose exact counterpart he comes to be. In "The Contracting Circle," a tale of the Australian bush, one finds more imagination, but here also the prevailing note is tragic, and again a lonely woman, cut off from social companionship and overwhelmed by the vast somberness of her husband's station in the barren north, breaks down morally under the strain while the man becomes obsessed by the strange lure and mastery of the bush. Both of these stories have compelling power; neither is cheerful; Mr. Grant-Watson's tale goes far deeper into character and its art is broader and finer, while its outcome, although infinitely pathetic, is not so desperately gloomy as that of "Prairie."

Another sort of a fight against odds, one in which an amazingly persistent and clever little Jewish girl carries on her combat with poverty and ignorance to a splendid triumph, is told in "Breadgivers" by the author of "Salome of the Tenements." Sara simply radiates energy, and she fights for education and ergy, and she fights for education and liberty with zest and sharpness. There is no tragedy here, but plenty of realism and not a little incidental humor. The book reminds me of the stories Myra Kelly used to write, but has more color and action.

boy and a Spanish-Mexican grandee have the same "proud old name;" the one is Jimmie Brown, just grandson of old man Brown, the other Don Santiago Moreno. Jimmie has a romantic love for the Don's languishing daughter, Elena, but when Gene, an American girl of his like should seek like. own sort, comes along, he realizes that So does Elena, and, after exciting episodes, her lordly papa takes her to Spain and Jimmie is saved with honor. Jimmie's dryly humorous old partner sums up his views of matrimony in re the case of Jimmie, Elena, and Gene:

And the biggest thing is something I bet you will think is a little thing. They like the same kind of jokes. They will not get lonesome, because they are good friends with each other. Jimmy, he will not have to be telling her she is more beautiful than the stars in the heavens, and she will not have to be telling him he is the bravest, handsomest man in the world. Not so, Bolivia! He will just say to her, "You are the barber-shop kid," and she will say to him, "That is the boy!" And when they have troubles they can josh each other out of them. Yes, and their kids will be husky young gringos and have blue eyes and more freckles than a guinea egg, and they will call me grandpa or I will tan their bright young hides for them. It is as good a name as any man could want.

6

"The Monkey Puzzle" is the most carefully thought out and humanly interesting novel Mr. Beresford has given us for a long time. As with the monkey tree, some problems are all but impossible to penetrate. Brenda's puzzle is this: Is a woman "free" to follow an unselfish impulse, against convention, against the peace and comfort of her loving and beloved husband, and against the certainty that the scandal-loving community will forever believe her to be what she is not? Brenda knows (that is, she feels) that she must rescue and reform a genius of a painter (and he is a genius) who has worn himself out with drugs and debauchery. Is it "Victorian" to believe that sometimes it is foolish not to conform to ordinary standards? Brenda finally concludes that it is not cowardly to remember that others' rights and others' opinions may occasionally be

The Monkey Puzzle. By J. D. Beresford. The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis. $2.50.

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Age-Old China

Then on to Shanghai and Hongkong. Everywhere are reminders of a civilization that antedates all others.

The Philippines, Malaya, Ceylon, India-each has its own enchanting atmosphere. Here are mysticism and rare charm.

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Biography

MEMORIES OF FORTY-EIGHT YEARS' SERVICE. By General Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien. E. P. Dutton & Co., New York. $8.

This is a charming autobiography and an important military document, covering in detail the military career of Sir Horace from 1877, when he entered Sandhurst, until 1923, when he relinquished the Governorship of Gibraltar and retired from active service. Few living soldiers have seen so much active duty, none has comported himself more gallantly, few as efficiently.

Sir Horace was first "blooded" in the Zulu War of 1879. He was present at the awful affair of Isandhlwana and escaped by the skin of his teeth.

The young soldier's next striking experience was in Egypt, what time England was dealing with the mess kicked up by Arabi Pasha. His initiative, energy, and daring greatly commended him to the notice of his superiors, and from that time he was a made man.

Next India; Egypt again-more fighting; back to India-the wild Tirah campaign; Egypt once more, with Kitchener -Omdurman, Fashoda (important new light on the Fashoda episode by an important participant); in 1899 the Boer War, wherein Sir Horace very greatly distinguished himself, rising to the grade of major-general, and whereof his account is very detailed.

Sir Horace was a keen student of the art of war, and his services as commander of Aldershot, 1907-11, were of the first value. He commanded the Second Corps of the British Expeditionary Force in 1914-i. e., half of the "Old Contemptibles." He deserves a very high place on the roll of great captains by reason of his handling of that corps and in particular for his conduct at Le Cateau-day to be marked with the whitest of white stones in British military annals.

When in the month of January, 1915, the enlarged B. E. F. was reformed into two armies, Sir Horace (a full general) received the command of one. At his own request, he was relieved of that command four months later. The business is obscure. Was it merely that Sir Horace and Sir John French did not jibe? Or did it turn out that Sir Horace, indubitably one of the greatest of corps commanders, lacked the qualifications requisite to the higher command? Sir Horace throws little light on the matter, but confidently refers his vindication to the coming official history of that period. Whatever the official history may say, one may be sure Sir Horace did

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When the children are in school, why not take your holiday this fall? A gorgeous vacation in the Paradise of the Pacific, in the months between now and Christmas!

Strange as the outrigger canoes that race like long-legged waterflies at Waikiki, Hawaii is a territory of the United States with modern conveniences at moderate prices.

Long autumn days, sunny yet cool, to enjoy golf, polo, motoring, tennis, county fairs, swimming meets, surfing, inter-island cruising, deepsea fishing. Tropic fruits, fragrant flowers and Hawaiian music. Hawaii National Park's volcanic wonderland is especially attractive in

autumn.

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Plan to stay longer than the one or two weeks which a round trip of 3 or 4 weeks from the Coast allows. But the latter, costing as little as $300 or $400 for all expense including firstclass travel and accommodation ashore, will give you a taste of Hawaiian enchantment.

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his gallant best. The hero of Le Cateau may well be content with his laurels.

History, Political Economy, and
Politics

THE HEART OF ÂRYÂVARTA. By the Earl of Ronaldshay. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. $5.

The development of Hindu nationalism within the past twenty years is one of the most interesting of modern phenomena; only more remarkable than the rapidity and extent of the Anglicization of the upper and upper-middle classes of India during the previous seventy years. The cultural result of the latter process was a curiously unpleasant hybrid. A strong reaction was much to be desired, but the violence of the reaction we are witnessing is lamentable and stupid.

"Back to the Vedas!" is now all the cry; which is well enough. "Away with the British Raj, and a clean sweep of everything Western," is also the cry of the extremists, who include, apparently, the vast majority of Hindus who have received a Western-type education, at least of sorts; i. e., to use a dreadful, a samphire word, the Hindu intelligentsia. To be sure, the Hindu inteligentsia, by a generous computation, constitute not more than eight per cent of the Hindus; but the nationalist movement refers itself almost exclusively to them.

This book is an acute study of the fundamental causes of the mental and spiritual revolt of said intelligentsia against British domination, political and cultural; involving a remarkable analysis of the Hindu mentality, doubtless the most curious mentality to be found among the sons of men. The treatment is sympathetic, but it is clearly deducible from the evidence spread out that the British Raj has, on the whole, justified itself and that the ninety-two per cent of Hindu illiterates may well pray for its continuance. The Hindu intelligentsia are long on metaphysics but short on political sense. The most striking features of their "mentality" are its unexampled "tolerance" of inconstancy and its fantastic penchant for sophistry. Remember that, sweet lady, when next thou sittest at the feet of some dear, delightful swami.

NATIONAL ISOLATION AN ILLUSION. By Perry Belmont. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York. $4.50.

In writing this book Mr. Belmont proposed to himself two main objects: the one, to prove that the United States has never been isolated, that its relations with Europe are bound to increase in intimacy, and that one should take order accordingly; the other, to vindicate the Democratic Party. As the two theses have no obvious connection, Mr. Bel

mont would have been better advised to write a book on each. He would have been still better advised to write no book at all. This book lacks consecutiveness, charm, almost every quality that justifies the making of a book; to conclude briefly, it is destined to quick oblivion.

THE DAWES PLAN IN THE MAKING. By Rufus C. Dawes. The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis. $6.

Mr. Rufus Dawes was chief of the staff of eight economic experts who accompanied General Dawes and Mr. Young to Paris, and he kept a diary recording the evolution of the Dawes Plan. This book is that diary somewhat supplemented. It is well-nigh indispensable to one who should seek a thorough understanding of the Dawes Plan. But though an exceedingly useful book, it is not a jolly book, not a holiday book. The Dawes Plan is printed as an appendix.

Essays and Criticism

EDITH WHARTON. By Robert Morss Lovett. Robert M. McBride & Co., New York. $1.

The second of a series of monographs on modern American writers. Mr. Lovett briefly sketches the social background of his subject and proceeds to a critical study of her work. The often acknowledged debt to Henry James receives due comment. (Henrietta James, the English call her with facile wit.) Many critics have made favorable comparisons with Jane Austen, but this biographer holds her inferior. "They" (Miss Austen's characters) "are part of an institution, stable, self-perpetuating, permanent. They are in true relation to their environment, and racy of the soil. By contrast Mrs. Wharton's society is transitory, imitative, sterile." One might grant the inferiority, yet take issue with the opinion of its causes. A useful bibliography which includes the isolated short stories is appended.

THE CREATIVE SPIRIT; AN INQUIRY__INTO AMERICAN LIFE. By Rollo Walter Brown. Harper & Brothers, New York." $2.50.

The young révoltés have accustomed us to hearing the statement that America is no place for a creative artist; that if his impulses are not stifled by the leveling influences of his democratic environment and his standardized education, he will be thwarted by a skeptical or indifferent public. Few of them, however, have kept their tone of discussion as urbane and impartial as Dr. Brown, even when he is dealing with such ticklish subjects as science and the Church. His tone approaches bitterness only when he takes up concrete examples, such as the struggles of the MacDowell Colony in New Hampshire to make ends meet. His chapter on the complicated machinery of American university life has the unmistakable note of authority. As a contri

September 16, 1925

bution to the American language it is interesting to learn that young assistants in college courses enrolling many students are variously known as "cubs," "theme demons," "dishwashers," and "section hands." It is a thoughtful and constructive book.

Miscellaneous

By

ADVENTURES OF A SCHOLAR TRAMP.
Glen H. Mullin. The Century Company, New
York. $2.

This is a delightful book, worth everybody's reading. The author, according to the jacket blurb, is a teacher in a university, and thus presumably a treader of conventional ways. But once in the long ago, when doubtless he was not a university teacher, he heard the Call of the Road and made prompt and affirmative response. For several months he rambled about the land, beating his way on trains, begging food and garments, and incidentally acquiring grime and vermin. Also he sometimes got clubbed or "pinched" or both. He had some terrifying experiences as well as many happy

ones.

His first comrade was one "Frisco," and a better mentor for the hard training of the life of trampdom no greenhorn could want. Frisco knew the road and all its turnings, and his counsels saved the apprentice many difficulties. It is not often that so convincing a character is found on the printed page. He is a flesh-and-blood reality, and fiction could not have produced him. There are other outstanding characters-Whaleoil Pete, Pennsylvania Shorty, Runt McTurk, to name a few-and they all have adventures worth the telling. Here is a story without romance, sentimentality, or plot, a social study without statistics, argument, or recommendations. For the most part it is sheer narrative, engagingly and sometimes joyously told; and what isn't narrative is vivid description.

COPY-1925. Stories, Plays, Poems, Essays from the Published Work of Students in the Special Courses in Writing, University Extension, Columbia University. Introduction by Donald Lemen Clark. D. Appleton & Co., New York. $2.

A dozen short stories, two one-act plays, some fugitive verse, and a few short articles and essays form the bulk of this heterogeneous collection. All have seen previous publication in newspapers and magazines, their selection having been the work of a committee of the Writers' Club of Columbia University. The reader will almost certainly find something to his taste in the wide scope afforded by this volume. Maturity of treatment characterizing much of the material is due to the fact that the authors are, in the main, men and women long past college days. This book will

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