schools of industry on a frugal establishment,. fimilar to that of the other schools of reading and industry combined, may be added. At the parochial school, Lambeth, conducted on the Madras System, for which a new school houfe is building for 300 boys, the following patriotic refolutions were entered into by the loyal and liberal fubfcribers, which I quote for the fake of precedent:

"School House, Lambeth Green, 6th Oct.

"It was further refolved, that it would anfwer a great national purpose to encourage such children as are willing to adopt a feafaring life, by giving them an appropriate dress, with an honorary medal to be always worn therewith, having thefe words, Lambeth, for the Navy, as a legend or inscription.”

Refolved, that in all future admiffions of children into this school, if the boy fhould, in prefence of his parent, exprefs his defire to be brought up for the fea, that in such case the clothes and medal fhould be given, and the mafter defired to educate the child accordingly."

Boys, twelve years old, who are a burden to their parents or relatives, and a nuisance to

fociety, if boarded for two years in Madras military schools, trained in habits of piety, industry, subordination, and obedience, might be rendered new men, and be transferred, by the terms of admiffion, to the army (or navy), and coft no more than the usual bounty.

The fame reasons, which have obstructed education in our schools, have precluded the establishment of industry. It is a great national concern to remove these barriers, and open a new and extenfive field for the improvement and advancement of both the one and the other, at the fame time.

I have omitted, or not thought it necessary to mention, that in schools for the poor, the emoluments of the mafter or mistress should depend upon the number of scholars, which, where there is a fair and open competition, is another word for their deservings.

To this bafis of a national institution, it may be expected that I should fubjoin fomething on what may be called the ways and means of carrying it into effect; of the use which may be made of the endowments, and other exifting charities for education; and of the measures which may be employed for

enlarging and extending fuch establishments. But I fhall be excufed from entering upon this task at present, when I have faid, that I am now writing under numerous interruptions and avocations, and a ceafelefs round of duties. Nor are there wanting other motives for me to stop short, when I reflect that my province is experiment, not fpeculation. It is what has been already done, more than what may be yet done, which I have proposed to myself as a facred duty not only to record, but to repeat, and to practise-a duty committed to me by more than human authority, as far as every man is accountable for the peculiar talents intrufted to him, and for their due application to the purposes for which they are intrufted.

Manchester Street, 19 April, 1868.

Note to p. 318.-The following Extract is from the British Prefs of this day, 10th May 1808, which I have ftopt this work to introduce into a Second Edition of this chapter.

Circuit Court, Glasgow. 'An Address delivered by the Lord Juftice Clerk, at the conclusion of the circuit at Glasgow, on Friday se'nnight:

-

" It be faid also, that commerce and ma

may

nufactures hardly existed in this country during the earlier

period of the last century-true, but now, at least in thofe refpects, we are treading fast on the heels of England, and yet, thank God, the fame confequences do not follow. In this very city and district where I now fit, commerce and manufactures of all kinds have been long introduced to an extent, equal to any place or diftrict of the kingdom, the capital alone excepted-and yet it was ftated by a political writer, but a few years ago, that one quarter feffions at Manchester fends more criminals to transportation than all Scotland in a year.

"We muft, therefore, look to other causes for the good order and morality of our people, and I think we have not far to look. In my opinion, that cause is to be found chiefly in our inftitutions for the education of youth, and for the maintenance of religion.

"The inftitution of Parochial Schools, in the manner and to the extent in which they are established in Scotland, is, I believe, peculiar to ourselves; and it is an inftitution, to which, however fimple in its nature, and unobftrusive in its operation, I am perfuaded we are chiefly to afcribe the regularity of conduct by which we are distinguished-the child of the meanest peasant, of the loweft mechanic in this country, may (and most of them do) receive a virtuous education from their earliest youth. At our Parochial Schools, they are not only early initiated in the principles of our holy religion, and in the foundest doctrines of morality, but most of them receive different degrees of education in other refpects, which qualify them to earn their bread in life in various ways, and which, independent even of religious inftruction, by enlarging the understanding, neceffarily raises a man in his own eftimation, and sets him above the mean and dirty crimes, to which the temptations and hardships of life might otherwife expose him."

APPENDIX.

I. Inftructions in regard to Religious Exercifes.

Of the initiatory leffons in religion, given at the Royal Military Afylum, which the visitors at that school have often defired to be published, I have obtained a specimen for that purpose. For the correctness of this copy, intended only for oral inftructions by the teachers to their refpective claffes, their good Paftor does not hold himself refponfible. My friend only confents to its publication at my requifition, and on my representation, that, in its prefent ftate, it will ferve as an example of the excellent manner which Mrs. Trimmer, in her Teacher's Affiftant and other school books, has well adapted for the inftruction of the young and ignorant in claffes, and by teachers from among

themselves.

The arrangement into Parables, Miracles, Difcourfes, Prophecies, &c. I propose as a model of that fimplification, method, and order, which are the leading principles of the Madras School, and which confine the attention to a single object at a time. Long have I defiderated extracts from, the Bible made on this principle, for the fake of diftinctness as well as economy. This want is fupplied to the Asylum by marking out the paffages to be read in fucceffion. Thus, e. g. the parables fhould, in the first instance, be all read over by themselves, in the ufual courfe of their leffons by the claffes to their teachers. Each in its turn helps to the comprehenfion of another, and fome general notion of this popular and interefting form of conveying instruction, as well as of the inftruction conveyed, is obtained. They are