Qua pinus ingens albaque populus Lympha fugax trepidare rivo, Huc vina et unguenta et nimium breves Flores amoenae ferre jube rosae, Fila trium patiuntur atra. Cedes coëmptis saltibus et domo Divesne prisco natus ab Inacho Omnes eodem cogimur, omnium Sors exitura et nos in aeternum lent to 'sort,' and interior is, 'taken from the inner part of the cellar; that is, stored up longer ago, hence better." 11. On the bank of a winding stream (rivus obliquus), where pines and poplars grow. Laborat lympha trepidare; that is, cum labore trepidat lym pha; the water flows, as it were, with labour and difficulty over the pebbles of the brook, and its rippling is a trepidatio.-13. Nimium breves flores, the flowers, too soon to fade.' For ferre we should expect ferri, but supply puerum. 15. Res, your circumstances, fortune.' Sororum trium, the three Parcae, of Fates.-17. Saltibus = = pascuis, pastures,' on which extensive flocks were kept. 18. As to flavus, compare i. 2, 13.-22. Nil interest divesne (that is, utrum dives) · — an pauper sub divo moreris. Prisco natus ab Inacho, sprung from ancient Inachus,' a fabulous king of Argos; hence of ancient and noble descent.' Sub divo morari = in terra vivere. 25. Eodem cogimur; that is, in eundem locum (eodem being thus an adverb) compellimur.-26. Connect the words thus: versatur sors (the lot is shaken') exitura (ex) urna serius ocius. In the most ancient kind of trial by lot (mentioned even by Homer), the lots were cast into an urn, which was then shaken, and that which fell out was the one taken. 28. Cymbae, Charon's boat, which will take us over the Styx to eternal exile-residence in the land of shades. CARMEN VI. AD SEPTIMIUM. THIS ode is addressed to a certain Septimius, a person otherwise unknown, but who appears to have been an intimate friend of Horace. The poet laments that he is about, probably in the company of some noble Roman, to set out for Spain, where in the years 27 and 26 в. c., a fierce war was carried on with the tribe of the Cantabri. He declares that he is wearied of an unsettled life and of campaigning; and he wishes, as the abode of his old age, either his house in Tibur or one in Tarentum. SEPTIMI, Gades aditure mecum et Tibur, Argeo positum colono, Sit meae sedes utinam senectae, Unde si Parcae prohibent iniquae, Ille terrarum mihi praeter omnes 10 pro 2. Indoctum, 'who has not learned, and will not learn;' juga ferre nostra, 'to bear our yoke,' the Roman supremacy. -3. Syrtes. The fancy of the poet connects Africa with Spain, and he names the part of Africa least cultivated, and most inaccessible to ships. -5. Argeo positum colono, founded by Argive colonists.' See i. 18, 2.-7. Lasso maris, weary of the sea." In prose we should have had the ablative instead of the genitive. Gram. $277, 2, note 1. Comp. Zumpt, § 437. Modus finis.-9. Unde si Parcae hibent, if the Fates keep me from this;' namely, from living in Tibur; hence unde =a Tibure. 10. Dulceflumen. Galaesus (modern Galaso) was the name of a river in the neighbourhood of Tarentum. The district was admirably suited for the breeding of sheep, and Tarentine wool and Tarentine dyes were famous among the Romans. Ovibus pellitis is the dative. The sheep are called pellitae, because they used to be covered with hides to protect the wool from impurity and injury.-12. Rura regnata Phalanto Laconi poetical for rura gubernata olim a Phalanto.Phalantus, a Lacedae monian, is said to have founded Tarentum.-14. Angulus, in refer. ence to the fact that Tarentum was situated in the furthest corner Mella decedunt viridique certat Ver ubi longum tepidasque praebet Ille te mecum locus et beatae 15 20 of Italy.. Hymetto decedunt, yields not to the honey of Hymettus,' a hill in Attica, famed for the sweetness of the honey produced upon it. The name of the hill is used for its products, in the same way as Venafro in line 16.-16. Bacca: namely, the olive. Venafrum, a town in Campania, produced the best olives.-18. Aulon, a mountain of Calabria, in the neighbourhood of Tarentum, where good wine was grown, on which account it is here called amicus fertili Baccho, and is said to be little inferior (minimum invidet) to the world-famed Falernian.-21. Te mecum-postulant, that place wishes thee, and me.' This is a poetical inversion, the sense of course being, Thou and I wish for that place, desire to live there.' Arces is said generally of the city of Tarentum, which lay high.— 22. Ibi amici. The sense is this: there we should wish to die, I before thee, so that, standing beside the funeral pile, thou shouldst moisten with thy tears the still hot ashes of thy poet-friend. CARMEN VII. AD POMPEIUM VARUM. AN ode of congratulation to an old fellow-soldier, one who had been with Horace in the republican army of M. Brutus; had then served under Antony; and at last, after the battle of Actium, had reached the haven of tranquil repose. Horace invites him to a banquet at his house. O SAEPE mecum tempus in ultimum Pompei, meorum prime sodalium? 5 1. Tempus in ultimum deducte, brought into the greatest peril,' for tempus ultimum is a time at which a person believes death to be imminent.-4. Dis patriis, 'the gods of thy home, thy household gods.'-5. Pompei is to be read as a word of two syllables. Com Cum quo morantem saepe diem mero Tecum Philippos et celerem fugam Sed me per hostes Mercurius celer Ergo obligatam redde Jovi dapem, 10. 15 20 pare i. 35, 17, anteit. -6. Morantem-fregi, 'I have often broken the lingering day with wine;' that is, have often, when the day seemed long, and hung heavy on our hands, broken off a piece of it, as it were, by banqueting. 8. Connect capillos nitentes Syrio malobathro, hair shining with Syrian malobathrum.' This was an Indian plant, from whose leaves an oil was pressed; here the oil itself.-10. Relicta non bene parmula. This is a famous expression of Horace, in regard to the close of his military career. The phrase is to be considered as a poetical mode of indicating and describing the loss of the battle. Horace, neither less brave nor less cowardly than his fellow-soldiers, fled along with them, when the death of Cassius and Brutus made it evident that victory was impossible.-11. Minaces, those who formerly had threatened with their weapons.' What follows is again merely a poetical description of a defeat in general.-14. Denso aëre, concealed by a thick cloud,' in the same manner as heroes in Homer are often withdrawn from the midst of battles, enveloped by their guardian divinities in mists so dense, that the foes find themselves at fault. Horace, as a poet, was under the special protection of Mercury. Compare ii. 17, 29. - 16. The figure is taken from the waves of the sea, which, when receding from the beach, often carry away what they have just before thrown up. Fretis aestuosis, in the boiling flood, amid the roaring waters.'-17. Obligatam, which thou owest debitam. In regard to the custom of spreading out feasts before the gods, in token of gratitude, see i. 37, 2.-19. Sub lauru mea. There is here a slight touch of irony in regard to Horace himself: come to me and rest in my house, the house which I have gained by my laurels, be they military or poetic.-22. Ciboria, a kind of large cups, in form resembling the pods of the Egyptian bean. Oblivioso Massico, with Massic wine (wine from Mount Massicus: compare i. 1, 19), which brings forgetfulness.'—23. Conchis, ‘shells,' Curatve myrto? Quem Venus arbitrum Dicet bibendi? Non ego sanius Dulce mihi furere est amico. = 6 25 vessels in which ointments were kept. Quis udo-coronas, 'who is taking care to hurry on, prepare hastily, garlands of the pliant parsley?' This is a periphrasis for a simple command, prepare quickly.' Deproperare the prose properare. Apium is called udum, because it is moist and pliant.-25. Arbitrum, elsewhere magistrum bibendi. See i. 4, 18.-27. Edonis, a 'Thracian tribe, devoted to the service and orgies of Bacchus. Recepto― amico, ‘since I have received back my friend.' CARMEN Ix. AD C. VALGIUM. THIS poem, the composition of which seems to fall in the year 20 B.C., is addressed to C. Valgius Rufus, a friend of Horace, and a man distinguished as a statesman (for he was consul suffectus in 12 B. c.), and also as a writer both of prose and poetry. Valgius grieved immoderately at the death of a young friend called Mystes, and devoted his poetical talents to the sole purpose of bewailing his loss. Horace urges him to turn his attention to more serious and worthy subjects, particularly the praises of Augustus, and the recent exploits of the Roman people. NON semper imbres nubibus hispidos Tu semper urges flebilibus modis = 5 1. Hispidos in agros, 'upon the rough fields;' that is, fields either bristling with ears of corn, or covered with weeds and briers from the copious rains.-3. Inaequales, which destroy the level of the sea,' by raising great billows.-4. Usque semper.-5. Iners, in opposition to the constant motion which open water has.-7. Garganus, a mountain of Apulia, near the town of Sipontum.-9. By modi here we must understand songs of lamentation, elegies, in which Valgius bewailed the loss of his young friend. Urgere is said of anything which a person does uninterruptedly, without inter |