Gregory IX-continued.

not binding, 164; appoints Otho as
legate to Scotland, 167; blames king
of Scotland for not keeping oath of
fealty to Henry, 167; recital of privi-
leges granted by, to England, 170;
recalls Otho, 175; quashes Winchester
election, 176, 180; legislation of, for
Benedictines, 177, 332; leaves Otho
in England at king's request, 177;
urges Otho to procure money from
England, 179; writes to Henry about
Winchester election, 181; discounts
in France money expected from Eng.
land, 185; determines on General
Council in Rome, 187; advises Otho
to use moderation in collecting taxes,
189; effected truces between England
and France, 201; bestowed many
livings at pleasure, 237; death of,
192, 193, 199.

Gregory X, accession of, 416.
Grievances of France against papal
exactions, 234; English, laid before
Innocent IV, 246-249.
Grosseteste, Robt., bp. of Lincoln;

dispute about place of consecration
of, 146; asks St. Edmund to let
him be consecrated at Canterbury,
147; consecrated at Reading, 148;
on law of legitimation, 159; asks
legate to provide fitting bishop for
Winchester, 180; urges St. Edmund
to secure free episcopal elections,
182; said to have been ordered to
present Romans to livings, 185;
advises Nicholas de Farnham to
accept see of Durham, 190; quarrels
with Henry over a presentation, 196;
refuses to induct Mansel to Thame,
198; at meeting of bishops at Oxford,
199; difference between, and monks
of Christ Church, Canterbury, 205;
dispute with abbey of Bardney, 205;
writes to Otho about dispute with
monks of Canterbury, 206; appeals
to pope about dispute, 206; defends

Wm. de Raleigh, 210; confronts
Henry about Winchester scandal,
211; dealings with papal clerk,
Martin, 215; urges prelates and
barons to stand together against
king's demands, 217; examines and
rejects Robt. Passelew for bishopric,
222; visits pope at Lyons, 222; gives
account of his visit to Lyons, 223;
leaves Lyons, 242; farewell interview
with pope, 243; urges employment of
Franciscans as advisers by abp. of
Canterbury, 243; tells pope about
loyalty of Henry and the English,
244; justifies his action as to papal
subsidy, 252; views of, on liminations
of kingly powers in matters ecclesias-
tical, 254; king angry with, for refus-
ing a presentation, 255; urges abp.
of Canterbury to correct abuses, 255;
assists in consecration of Abp. Boniface,
258; ordered by pope to collect first-
fruits for Abp. Boniface, 259; pope's
English business done through, 262;
refuses demands of papal collectors,
271; urged by pope to collect
aids, 276; quarrels with religious
of his diocese, 287; empowered by
pope to take possessions from relig-
ious, 287; religious appeal to pope
against, 287; goes to Lyons to uphold
case against religious, 287; forbidden
by pope to summon royal bailiffs be-
fore ecclesiastical courts, 288; returns
from Lyons, 288, 294; thinks of re-
signing; reasons for not doing so,
288; recommended to support Abp.
Boniface in visitation disputes, 292;
opposes king's demand for money
from church, 308; opposed by abbot
of St. Alban's as to visitation, 334;
refuses institution to Italian, 335;
suspended for opposing pope, 335;
ordered by pope to collect money
from non-exempt churches, 336; se-
cures fixed salaries for vicars, 336;
quarrel with pope about papal pre-

Henry III continued.

of France about quarrel of pope and
emperor, 117; asks pope to allow
K. John's body to be moved from
Worcester to Beaulieu, 119; asks
pope to confirm election to See of
Salisbury, 120; calls parliament at
Westminster, 125; vacillates between
de Rupibus and de Burgh, 129; begs
pope to forbid encroachments of Irish
bishops on royal prerogatives, 129;
surrounded by foreigners, 131; begs
pope to give hearing to Robt.
Twenge, 135; writes to prior of
Canterbury about election of abp.,
138; forbids monks of Canterbury to
hold election, 138; requests pope not
to summon nobles to plead out of
England, 156; depends upon St.
Edmund, 155; seeks in marriage Joan
of Poitou, 157; transfers affections to
Eleanor of Provence, 157; asks pope
to compel count of Brittany to return
to his allegiance, 157; writes to pope
about marriage of his sister, 158;
marries Eleanor of Provence, 158,
256; chooses twelve foreign counsel-
lors, 159; retires to Tower for safety
against barons, 160; asks pope to
send legate to England, 160-161;
promises reforms, 161; receives abso-
lution from censures, 162; asks for
aid of a thirtieth, 166; meets Otho
and Alexander II of Scotland, 168;
forbids statutes repugnant to Crown
to be passed in synod, 169; seizes
rioters at Abingdon, 176; refuses to
ratify choice for See of Winchester,
176; asks pope for retention of legate,
177; intrudes foreign prior into Win-
chester, 179, 193; visits Winchester
to influence election, 180; urges pope
to appoint his nominee to Winchester,
181; bishops and nobles complain of,
to legate, 182; writes to pope on be-
half of emperor, 183; advises Otho
to leave England, 183; spends Christ-

mas at Westminster, 189; makes
Otho's nephew a knight, 189; makes
Nich. de Farnham his confessor and
physician, 190; writes to pope in
favour of Boniface of Savoy, 191;
objects to Wm. de Raleigh for See of
Winchester, 192; asks pope for bene-
fice for Mansel, 197; prohibits bishops
from legislating against his Crown
and dignity, 200; prepares for war
with France, 201; refused a subsidy
for war with France, 201; crosses to
Poitou, 202; asks bishops for prayers
for blessing on his arms, 202; pre-
vents Cistercian abbots attending
their general Chapter, 204; sends
agents to Cistercian general Chapter,
204; opposes entrance of Wm. de
Raleigh to Winchester, 210; writes
to pope about "provisions," 215;
asks barons for subsidy, 216; renews
peace with Scotland, 220; confirmed
by pope in rights of presentation,
242; inquires as to amount of revenues
held by Romans, 225; protests to
Council of Lyons against large papal
exactions, 225; protests against K.
John's tribute, 225; confiscates pro-
perty of Sees of Chichester and Lich-
field, 227; urges prelates at Council
of Lyons to watch over English in-
terests, 230; vows not to pay annual
papal tribute, 242; his loyalty to
Holy See, 244-245; summons parlia-
ment in London, 246, 265; asks pope
to consider English grievances, 246;
forbids collection of papal subsidy,
251; expresses astonishment that
Grosseteste has collected papal sub-
sidy, 252; angry with Grosseteste for
refusing a presentation to a living,
255; asks pope to protect his rights
in Provence, 257; orders bishops not
to obey Bull of "provisions," 260;
annoyed at pope's disposing of first
fruits for See of Canterbury, 260;
suspected to be working in Curia for

his own ends, 270; asks parliament
for subsidy; refused, 274; sells plate
and jewels to City of London, 275;
refuses to be bound by any conditions,
275; gets from pope English subsidy
towards crusade, 276; appeals to
barons individually for money, 279;
grants a market at Westminster, 279;
exacts New Year's gifts from London
citizens, 279; demands subsidy from
religious houses of Essex and Herts,
280; gives false reasons for needing
money, 280-281; asks pope to force
clergy to grant him subsidy, 283;
protects privileges of royal chapels,
289; supports Abp. Boniface in visita-
tion disputes, 291; pope anxious for,
to go to Holy Land, 298; tries to
raise money in Ireland for crusade,
299, 300; determines to secure See of
Winchester for Aylmer de Valence,
302; goes to Winchester to support
election of Aylmer, 303; infatuation
for Aylmer, 305; contemplates jour-
ney to Lyons, 306; convokes meeting
of prelates in London, 308; incensed
with Aylmer's opposition, 309; tries
to coax bishops to grant him money,
310; loses his temper with Aylmer,
311; replies to bishops on freedom of
elections, 314-315; endorses sentence
of excommunication against infringers
of Church liberties, 316; rebukes
Aylmer for ill-treating monks of Win-
chester, 318; conditionally assents to
election of Henry de Wengham to
Winchester, 320; keeps property of
vacant sees and abbeys, 328; tho'
in need, munificent, 329; replies to
pope's invitation for earl of Cornwall
to be king of Sicily, 351; sends pope
money for Sicilian expedition, 352;
to pay expenses of Sicilian expedition,
354; asks earl of Cornwall to help
him in Sicilian business, 355; in
straits for money, 355; requires West-
minster abbey to guarantee tribute to

papal collector, 358; orders abbot of
Westminster to pay large sum for
Sicilian business, 361; explains his
critical situation to pope, 361; has to
pay large sums to Italian merchants,
362; summons meeting of prelates in
London, 363; threatened with excom-
munication for delays about Sicily,
368; urged by pope to be reconciled
with prelates, 369; warned by pope
of danger of neglecting sentence of
excommunication, 370; asks for modi.
fication of conditions regarding Sicily,
372; lays before pope account of what
he has done regarding Sicily, 372;
assents to fifty articles drawn up by
bishops, 374; takes oath to govern by
advice of council, 377; asks pope for
legate, 380; protests against action
of Roman official about Winchester,
381; impatient at restraints of "Pro-
visions of Oxford," 386; seeks absolu-
tion from oath, of Rome, 386; pub-
lishes pope's absolution from oaths,
388; informs pope of his difficulties,
389; asks Ottoboni to use his influ-
ence against barons, 389; breaks away
from council of barons; seizes Tower
of London, 392; makes peace with
barons, 393; denied admittance to
Dover Castle, 394; goes to Amiens
to meet arbitrators, 395; tells pope
of award of Amiens, 396; taken
prisoner at battle of Lewes, 397;
helped to freedom by Gilbert, earl of
Gloucester, 407; congratulated by
pope on his liberation from captivity,
407; counselled to moderation in
victory by pope, 408; asks respite
for payment of papal tribute, 412;
receives grant of tenth from pope;
asks more from Convocation, 412;
death of, 418.

Henry of Cornhill, dean of St. Paul's,
294.
Hereford escape of Prince Edward at,

403.

Hereford, bp. of (Aquablanca): con-
fronts Henry about Winchester scan-
dal, 211; goes to Lyons, 223: assists
in consecration of Abp. Boniface, 258;
pope's agent for English business,
262; ordered to collect tithe for
crusade, 285-286; tries to collect
money for pope from monasteries,
357; favours Rustand's exactions,
358; borrows in pope's name, 364.
Hereford, dean of, commissioned by
pope to raise money for Abp. Boni-
face, 298.

Herlot papal nuncio, sent to settle

Sicilian business, 371; seeks reply as
to England's intentions about Sicily,
376; meets parliament at Oxford;
demands third part of goods, 377;
retirement of from England, 375, 377;
reports on political situation in Eng-
land and France, 379; nephew of,
gets English benefice, 381.

Honorius III: accession of, 26; watches

over Henry's interests, 28; writes
exhortation to Henry on his accession,
29; appeals to barons to submit to
Henry, 30; orders Gualo to protect
Henry, 31; claims England as fief of
Holy See, 31; condemns barons'
oath to Louis of France, 31; orders
earl of Pembroke to guard kingdom,
32; gives Gualo special powers, 32;
writes to Henry, 34; attitude of, to-
wards England, unquestioned, 35;
real source of government in England,
35; orders tax to be levied to help
Henry, 36; instructs Gualo about
appointment of coadjutor regent of
kingdom, 36-37; suzerainty of, ac-
knowledged, 39; announces Pan-
dulph's appointment as legate to Eng-
lish bishops, 44; instructs Pandulph
as to Henry's tutors, 48; writes to
legate on lay matters, 48; orders
king's castles to be restored, 49;
writes to Pandulph to protect king's
interests, 49; orders to Pandulph

about king's castles, 50; writes to
Poitevin bishops about Henry's in-
terests, 50; grants privileges to Lang-
ton, 54; makes Pandulph bishop of
Norwich, 55; acts through English
episcopate, 56; urges bishops to put
down abuses, 56; proceeds against
priory of Worcester for forged docu-
ments, 63; appoints abbot of Read-
ing to inquire into Worcester dispute,
63; inquires into alleged forged
documents of Tewkesbury abbey, 64;
inquires into Durham dispute, 65;
sends Durham appeal to be decided
in England, 66; inquires into dis-
pute between bp. of London and
Westminster abbey, 66; inquires
into dispute between St. Mary's ab-
bey, York, and abp., 67; inquires
into forgeries of papal documents,
68; acknowledged as suzerain by
Reginald, king of Isle of Man, 70;
exercises authority over Henry's Coun-
cil, 71; condemns infringements of
ecclesiastical liberties, 71; admon-
ishes Reginald, king of Isle of Man,
71; orders earl of March to submit
to Henry, 72; blames abp. of Poitou
for opposing Henry, 72; intervenes
in dispute between Henry and Lle-
wellyn, 73; decides about guardian-
ship of royal castles, 74; declares
Henry of age, and chief ruler, 75;
appealed to by English barons, 76;
upbraids Henry for forgetting benefits,
78; condemns Henry for prohibiting
bishops from going to Rome, 79; in-
tervenes on behalf of de Breauté, 80;
writes to Stephen Langton about de
Breauté, 81, 105; thinks of sending
nuncio to England, 82; determines
to send nuncio to England, 83; tries
to obtain Henry's consent about it,
83; remonstrates with Henry about
barons, 85; advises bishops to give
Henry a subsidy, 86; advises Henry
not to exact too heavy taxes, 86; ap-