Philosophy, by Arthur Kenyon Rogers, Ph.D. The author's aim is to treat the problems of philosophy from the essential and typical points of view, with as little of technicality as possible, and with the constructive purpose of showing the real meaning of philosophy in terms of everyday belief and interests, and its true character as the practical guide of life. Dr. Rogers's standpoint is that of the theistic idealist. (The Macmillan Company, New York.)

The Morgan Lectures, given in 1897 at Auburn Theological Seminary, New York, by the Rev. James Orr, D.D., Professor of Church History in the United Presbyterian Theological College at Edinburgh, are now published. Under the title Neglected Factors in the Study of the Early Progress of Christianity, Dr. Orr makes it clear that while the influence of paganism upon Christianity has been amply recognized, the influence of Christianity upon its pagan environment has been underrated. This in three points of view: (1) the lateral spread of Christianity in the number of its adherents, (2) its vertical spread through different social strata, (3) its intensive or penetrative effect upon thought and life. As to the first point, an increasing number of scholars reject Gibbon's well-known estimate as much too low. Dr. Orr is disposed to correct it by substituting one-fifth for "one-twentieth" as the numerical ratio of the Church to the population in Constantine's time. As to the second point, he discards the popular notion that the Apostolic churches consisted mainly of the baser elements of society. Poor churches, doubtless, there were, and poor people in all churches, but the majority were fairly well-to-do and intelligent, with individual members of high standing. Dr. Orr reviews the mass of evidence, some of which is quite recent, with critical and cautious judgment, and it would seem that his conclusions, in the main at least, must stand. He has made an interesting book, and a valuable contribution to our knowledge of the anteNicene period of the Church. Armstrong & Son, New York.)

(A. C.

The Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, of London, has contributed a volume, The Ship of the Soul, to the series of "Small Books on Great Subjects," by Drs. Martineau, Munger, Berry, Whiton, and others. It

consists of seven brief sermons or papers, the first of which gives its title to the collection and is characterized by those eminent qualities of spiritual insight and power of which we have lately spoken in a review of Mr. Brooke's published discourses, and which secure a wide interest in all his utterances. (Thomas Whittaker, New York.)

NOVELS AND TALES

The English invasion of Ireland in 1649 has afforded the author of "Oliver Cromwell: A History," the plot for a strong historical romance which he has called John Marmaduke. (G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York.)

Short Rations, by Williston Fish, is a rather trivial but tolerably amusing sketch of United States army officers' life, from cadet days at West Point to the serious experiences of camp and field. (Harper & Brothers, New York.)

A collection of short stories, several founded on love episodes at West Point, is entitled A West Point Wooing, by Clara Louise Burnham. (Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, Mass.) The other stories in this collection are simple love stories, such as the world knew before it mixed science, theology, and love, and catalogued the result as fiction. Comedy, not tragedy, is the dominant note in these stories; not even love is taken too seriously.

The heroine of the Ragged Lady, Mr. Howells's latest novel, is a New England type of young girl-strong, pure, uneducated, loyal, proud; a girl whose head always governs her heart, and whose moral sense permits no confusion in distinguishing right from wrong. She sees and acts, and by her quickness of apprehension causes confusion in the minds of those who differ with her. Into the world, under the care, or rather at the whim, of a vulgar, rich, selfish old woman, this little New England girl, who had never seen a city, goes. Her new life begins, but is never wholly separated from the days of semi-service in a summer hotel. The people of that summer drift across her life in the moments of her greatest social success, which her own charm and unconsciousness make. The little country girl learns worldly wisdom and social arts to meet that world, and protects the white light of truth lighted by a New England

ancestor. The "Ragged Lady" presents average life. There are neither great loves nor hates, nor temptations nor tragedies, save those of temperament. Perhaps Mr. Howells would claim that these are life's real tragedies. This novel, with its definiteness of touch, its sense of values, its truth to life, is the most artistic of Mr. Howells's recent books. (Harper & Brothers, New York.)

VERSE

Students of American literature and lovers of American poetry will value the substantial volume in which the collected Poems of Richard Realf are presented. This volume is edited by Mr. Realf's friend and literary executor, Colonel R. J. Hinton; it contains over a hundred and fifty poems, and is prefaced by an extended memoir of the poet. Mr. Realf died at the age of forty-four. His life covered the greatest range of experience. Five years of it were passed in the army; four years were utterly lost from public view and entirely unproductive; it was a life largely sacrificed to an unfortunate temperament. Mr. Realf was an Englishman by birth; he came to this country at the age of twenty, went to Kansas in 1855 as a newspaper correspondent, joined John Brown's movement, enlisted in the army, and married prior to the war. His second marriage, contracted while he was in a state of intoxication, was the supreme disaster of his life. The misery which he had brought upon himself broke him down physically, and he finally, after some time spent in a hospital, arrived without means or friends at San Francisco, and there one morning in 1878 was found dead in his room, having committed suicide. A slender little volume of selections from his poems has found many to appreciate and enjoy it; but this is, unless we are mistaken, the first complete edition. (Funk & Wagnalls, New York.)

BIOGRAPHY

Readers and lovers of Walter Savage Landor who look for some expression of his explosive personality in the volume of Letters of Walter Savage Landor, Private and Public, edited by Stephen Wheeler, will be disappointed. These letters are singularly restrained and moderate. Written to Miss Rose Paynter (now Lady

Graves-Sawle) and to Mrs. Paynter, this volume brings out the affectionate and gentle side of Landor's nature. His affection for Rose Aylmer is enshrined in one of the most exquisite lyrics in our language. His affection for her younger sister finds its utterance in this correspondence, which is now, with her permission, given to the world. One cannot help wondering how much the letters have been expurgated and how far Boythorn has been eliminated. If something has been taken out, much has been left. Landor touches now and then on literary topics with a criticism which is always interesting, if not always well balanced. Like most people who are absolutely sure of themselves, Landor's opinions were uttered with the utmost freedom. He was fond of prophecy, and, like most people who give themselves to prophecy, he was unusually fallible. The collocation of the predictions in this volume printed in parallel columns with the events of later history would prove very curious reading. But nobody reads Landor because he is infallible or even consistent. His faults, though they must have been very difficult to deal with in actual life, give interest and piquancy to his work; and every bit of writing which throws light upon his character, or brings into clearer view his temperament, is valuable. (The J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia.)

The Letters of Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Barrett, 1845–46, issued in two substantial and handsome volumes, are given to the world under cover of Mr. Browning's direction, "There they are. Do with them as you please when I am dead and gone." A note informs the readers that the correspondence is published exactly as it appears in the original letters; and a brief introduction by Mr. Robert Barrett Browning further informs us that his father and mother after marriage were never separated, and that these are the only letters which ever passed between them. They were sacredly preserved by Robert Browning during his long lifetime, and alone survived a complete destruction of all the rest of his correspondence by his own hand. son feels at liberty, therefore, to give them to the world. They will receive fuller discussion at an early date. (Harper & Brothers, New York.)

The

NEW EDITIONS

The Eversley Edition of the Works of Shakespeare, of which the first volume has just been published, is to be complete in ten volumes, and to be edited by Professor C. H. Herford. It is founded upon the text of the Cambridge and Globe Editions. The introductions are to contain statements of the literary data of the plays and poems, with suggestions of their relations to the development of Shakespeare's mind and art; while the notes are to provide, in a brief form, such information as a reader needs for a full explanation of the

text. The works will be grouped under the historic division of Comedies, Histories, Tragedies, and Poems. The first volume contains "Love's Labor Lost," the "Comedy of Errors," "Two Gentlemen of Verona," and A MidsummerNight's Dream." When complete, no edition will more satisfactorily meet the needs of the library and the lover of the poet than the Eversley; an edition to be commended for its size, its weight, its form, its type, and its binding. (The Macmillan Company, New York.)

MISCELLANEOUS

Harper's Inductive Latin Series has been increased by another volume, Ten Orations of Cicero, with Selections from the Letters, edited by President Harper, of Chicago, and Professor Gallup, of Colgate Academy. The inductive studies, which constitute its main difference from other editions, are excellently adapted for training pupils to original research in the "laboratory method" of study, and a desirable discipline for those to whom Latin is to be a field for prolonged culture. That some who are required to read Cicero may find other branches of study than Latin preferable for similar discipline seems to us most probable. (The American Book Company, New York.)

The Story of the Cotton Plant, by F. Wilkinson, F.G.S., has been added to the

Plutarch's Lives, by Sir Thomas North, which are to be contained in ten volumes; and Mrs. Browning's Aurora Leigh. (The Macmillan Company, New York.)

Books Received

For the week ending March 3

AMERICAN BOOK CO., NEW YORK

François, Victor E. Introductory French Prose Composition. 25 cts.

De Sévigné, Madame, Selected Letters of. Edited by L. C. Syms. 40 cts.

Labiche, Eugène and Ernest Legouvé. La Cigale Chez les Fourmis. Edited by Thomas J. Farrar. 25 cts.

D. APPLETON & CO., NEW YORK

Aston, W. G. A History of Japanese Literature. $1.50.
ARNOLD & CO., PHILADELPHIA
Rorer, Mrs. S. T. Left Overs. 50 cts.
THE BRYAN
Chapman, John A.
WILLIAM

Craft, Mabel Clare.

PRINTING CO., COLUMBIA, S. C.
Poems for Young and Old. $1.
DOXEY, SAN FRANCISCO
Hawaii Nei. $1.

DOUBLEDAY & M'CLURE CO., NEW YORK
Raymond, Walter. Two Men o' Mendip. $1.25.
Findlater, Jane H. Rachel. $1.25.

Jókai, Dr. Maurus. A Hungarian Nabob. Translated by R. Nisbet Bain. $1.25.

Norris, Frank. McTeague. $1.50.

EATON & MAINS, NEW YORK

Hunt, Theodore W. English Meditative Lyrics. $1. Lemmon, George T. The Eternal Building. $1.50.

GINN & CO., BOSTON

Von Kleist, Heinrich. Prinz Friedrich von Homburg. Edited by John Scholte Nollen. 90 cts.

The Sir Roger De Coverley Papers. Edited by Mary E.
Litchfield. 50 cts.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Messages and Papers of the Presidents, 1789-1897. Com-
piled by James D. Richardson. Vol. IX.
D. C. HEATH & CO., BOSTON
Baumbach, Rudolf. Waldnovellen. 35 cts.

HENRY HOLT & CO., NEW YORK
Stacpoole, Henry De Vere. The Rapin. $1.25.
Hancock, Albert Elmer. The French Revolution and
the English Poets. $1.25.

Lavignac, Albert. Music and Musicians. Edited by H. E. Krehbiel. $3.

LONGMANS, GREEN & CO., NEW YORK Haggard, H. Rider. Swallow. $1.50.

THE MACMILLAN CO., NEW YORK

Cervantes, Miguel de. Don Quixote. Edited by Clifton
Johnson.

Hewett, Waterman T. A German Reader. $1.
Brown, Mary Willcox. The Development of Thrift. $1.
Ali, Ameer. A Short History of the Saracens. $3.
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, NEW YORK
The Encyclopædia of Sport. Edited by the Earl of
Suffolk, Hedley Peek, and F. G. Aflalo. Vol. II. $10.

FLEMING H. REVELL CO., NEW YORK
Hillis, Newell Dwight. A Man's Value to Society. $1.25.
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK
Robertson, Harrison. If I Were a Man. 75 cts.
Barrows, John Henry, D.D. The Christian Conquest of
Asia. $1.50. (Morse Lectures of 1898.)
Fairbairn, A. M., D.D. Catholicism: Roman and An-
glican. $2.

Symonds, John Addington. Sketches and Studies in

Italy and Greece. Vol. III. $2.
Simon, D. W., D.D. Reconciliation by Incarnation. $3.
Dickens, Charles, Christmas Stories. Introduction and

Notes by Andrew Lang. In 2 Vols. $3. The Mys
tery of Edwin Drood, and Master Humphrey's
Clock. Introduction by Andrew Lang. $1.50. (The
Gadshill Edition.)

Bronte, Anne. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. (Edited by Temple Scott.) In 2 Vols. $4.

ton & Co., New York.) It is illustrated, and contains a condensed history of the cotton plant and its development into textiles, with a history of the mechanical inventions that have entered into the manufacture of cotton textiles.

The latest addition to the Temple Classics comprises the first two volumes of

Scots Series.)

Carlyle, Thomas. Historical Sketches. Edited by Alexander Carlyle. $3.

Scott, Sir Walter. Quentin Durward. Vols. I. and II. $1.60. (Temple Edition.)

THOMAS WHITTAKER, NEW YORK

Huntington, William Reed, D.D. Four Key-Words of Religion. 25 cts.

Witts, Florence. Frances E. Willard. 50 cts. Creighton, Mandell, D.D., Bishop of London. Lessons from the Cross. 75 cts.

JOHN WILEY & SONS, NEW YORK Winthrop, Col. W. Abridgment of Military Law.

The Doshisha University

Our readers will remember. frequent references in this department to the Doshisha University in Japan, concerning which there has been much anxiety during the tast few years. It has been feared that those in control would entirely divert it from the objects for which it was founded. It was originally a distinctly Christian college. It was built chiefly by American Christians, in response to appeals made at the meeting of the American Board at Rutland, Vermont, in 1874. Its officers and trustees have always been Japanese. Indeed, none but Japanese could hold property in the Empire. It is difficult to estimate the exact motive which has led the officials of the University to take the course which they have taken. Whether they desired to make simply a non-sectarian institution, whether they wished to be entirely free from foreign influence, or whether they unselfishly sought entirely to banish Christianity in order to gain certain exemptions for the students, may be difficult to determine. The fact is that their course caused alarm among those who had furnished most of the money for the erection of the buildings and the support of the institution. The Deputation which was sent to Japan three years ago had to deal with this question. More recently a special agent, ex-ConsulGeneral McIvor, has been sent out to look after the case. The result seems to be a complete return to the principles which were dear to the founders of the University. Recent reports state that the old constitution and the old policy of the University have been restored. For ourselves, we have never doubted the honesty of the President, Mr. Yokoi, and those who have been working with him. We believe they were mistaken, but that they were seeking to promote the best interests of the Doshisha we have no doubt. There are more factors in the problem than we can easily appreciate in this country. Now that the institution stands once more on the original foundations, it will require all the wisdom,

and so to administer its affairs as to enable it to accomplish the work anticipated by Neesima, its founder, and his consecrated associates.

A Zulu Chief to be Ordained

The Rev. John I. Dubé and Mrs. Dubé have made many warm friends in this country. For one thing, they have proved that people may come direct from Africa and have all the characteristics of their race, and be able, gracious, courteous, and scholarly. Mr. Dubé is a speaker of rare power, and a man of practical wisdom and spiritual insight. Mrs. Dubé is a lady in manner, being both graceful and womanly. We refer to these facts because they are aboriginal Africans. Mr. Dubé's father would have been the Zulu king if he had not embraced Christianity, and his uncle holds the position of chief. The father was one of the first-fruits of the labors of that eminent and godly missionary, the Rev. Daniel Lindley. The son came to this country and studied at Oberlin, and then returned to his people and labored among them for a while. But he was convinced that they needed industrial as well as literary and spiritual training, and he returned to this country to prepare himself for a larger work, and to secure means for the school which he wishes to start. He has been a great admirer of the institution at Tuskegee founded by Booker T. Washington, and, as nearly as possible, would like to duplicate it in Zululand. During his last visit to this country he has resided in Brooklyn and been a member of the Lewis Avenue Congregational Church, of which the Rev. R. J. Kent, D.D., is the pastor. The council for the ordination of Mr. Dubé to the Gospel ministry was held in that church. It is his purpose to return to his native land within a few weeks, and there take up his service among his own people. Mr. Dubé's intellectual gifts, and his earnestness of conviction and purpose, seem to assure for him a future of great usefulness, not only as a missionary, but as a pioneer of civilization in South Africa,

The Anglican Church and the Poor Clergy There is no doubt that the independent system of church government tends to development of the grace of giving, and especially of personal sympathy with the workers. This fact is well illustrated in the last Year-Book of the Anglican Church. The Year-Book of 1898 gave the voluntary offerings of the Church as £7,051,778. The new Year-Book shows a large increase, making a total of £7,506,354. This is an enormous aggregate, but a little analysis reveals some curious facts. The amount down as given for schools is £1,136,296; another deduction of £650,000 for other causes leaves the total for distinctly religious purposes at about £5,500,000. That is a magnificent sum, and shows that, even if the members of the Church do not realize their possibilities, they have no reason to be ashamed of what they are doing for the promotion of the large Christian enterprises. When they give to great causes, they are lavish; but when they are asked to contribute for the proper support of their own clergy, they ignore the most persistent and earnest appeals. This, it seems to us, can be explained only on the supposition that the members of the Church look to the State to bear the burdens of ecclesiastical administration. There have recently been several earnest appeals in behalf of the poorer clergy of the Anglican Church, and there is little doubt that in some instances they are wretchedly neglected. The reason, we believe, is to be found in the fact that the people have never been taught to care for their ministers. They are regarded as officers of the State, and the State is left to care for them.

The Hard-Worked Missionary Secretary Perhaps no class of men in the life of to-day work harder and are less appreciated than the Secretaries of the great benevolent and missionary societies. Their places, to the unenlightened, seem sinecures. They are sometimes thought to be overpaid, and little more than figureheads. But those who know what is going on behind the scenes are aware that there is seldom more self-sacrifice on the field than in the offices of administration. Secretaries feel the burden of the whole great missionary enterprise; they are freely criticised by those who are familiar

The

with only a few facts; they are supposed to receive large salaries, when what they receive will do no more for them in New York or Boston than the salary of the missionary will do for him on the frontier. At the funeral of the Rev. Dr. Gillespie, of the Presbyterian Board, Dr. Wilton Merle Smith quoted some remarks of the Rev. Henry Jessup, D.D., of Syria, who temporarily discharged the duties of Foreign Secretary. They are worth quoting here. He said:

Mr. Moderator, in declining in 1870 the post of Secretary of this Board, I was not afraid of work; but I can say that I would rather drive, as I have done, for miles over the range of Lebanon in midwinter, through snow from three to ten feet deep, or in August in a scorching sirocco, when the grapes were cooked on the clusters and turned white from the burning blast, or edit two Arabic newspapers with a Turkish censor waiting to cut out half the matter from the proof-sheets an hour before the time of issue, or preach in Arabic on a housetop in a bitter north wind, or by my tent door in a harvest-field with the black flies swarming in clouds, or read Arabic proofsheets until midnight, or teach Hodge's Theology through Arabic gutturals, than to under go for a series of years the mental and physical strain required of a Foreign Missionary Secretary. The Church does not realize it. It does not understand the perplexities, the problems, the great universe of care and responsibility which rests upon our hard-pressed Secretaries. The work of this Board, too, is by far the most exacting of all, for all the problems and details of administration in every little native church, in all the mission stations, are sent home for the Secretaries to solve. It is a very difficult matter to settle many questions, too, by correspondence, especially when such intervals of time must elapse between the letters. In other Boards these problems are largely absent. There are not so many details of administration. But the work of the Secretaries of the Foreign Board is as pressing and harass ing as the management of a world-wide business enterprise, whose agents are all over the face of the earth meeting new conditions and problems in every field.

Dr. Jessup had had a wide and long experience, and knew whereof he was speaking.