The Court of Peculiars is a branch of, and annexed to the Court of Arches. It has a jurifdiction over all those parishes difperfed through the province of Canterbury in the midst of other diocefes. Blackflone. PE'DLERESS. n. A female pedler.

The companion of his travels is fome foule funne burnt queane, that fince the terrible ftatute recanted gypfifme, and is turned Pedlereffe. Overbury. PEECE. n. [feems to have been formerly used for] Any work of architecture or machinery. [This ufage has been partly revived of late in the word time-piece. To what other parts of this extenfive definition it once applied, the following enumeration will fhew.]

And evermore their wicked Capitayn Provoked them the breaches to affay, Sometimes with threats, fometimes with hope of gayn, Which by the ranfack of that Peece they should attayn. F.2. B.II. C.XI. ft. 14. 3. A fhip.

The wondred Argo, which in venturous peece
Firft through the Euxine feas bore all the Flow'r of Greece.
F.Q. B.II.C XII. ft.44.
4. A tower that ferved for a moveable battery.
Such hap befell that tower; for on that fide
Gainst which the Pagans force and batt'ry bend
Two wheels were broke, whereon the piece fhould ride;
The maimed engine could no further wend.

Fairfax. B.XI. ft.85.
Difguis'd the fireth Godfrey's rolling Fort,
The burned piece falls fmoaking on the fand.
16. Argument to B.XII.

5. A building.

Yet ftill he bet and bounft upon the dore, And thund'red strokes thereon fo hideouflie, That all the peece he thaked from the flore, And filled all the house with fear and great uprore. Sp. F.Q. B.V.C.II. ft.21. He is an ill-defigned Piece, built after the ruftic order, and all his parts look too big for their height.

Butler's Characters.

PEN

PE'GMA. n. [Barb. Lat.] A written explanation of a pageant.

What prefentments are towards; and who penned the pegmas; and fo forth. Chapman's Widow's Tears. To PEISE. v. a. [pefer, Fr.] To balance; to over

balance.

So first the right he put into one scale;

And then the Gyant ftrove with puiffaunce strong To fill the other scale with so much wrong: But all the wrongs that hee therein could lay, Might not it peife. Sp. F.Q. B.V.B.II. ft.46. Commodity, the bias of the world; The world, who of itself is peifed well, Made to run even upon even ground. I'll ftrive with troubled thoughts to take a nap, Left leaden flumber peise me down tomorrow. PELA'GIANISM. n. The doctrine of the followers of Pelagius.

Shak. K. John.

Ib. Rich. III.

To affert antipodes might become once more as hereti. cal, as Arianifm or Pelagianifm. Bolingbroke to Pope. "PE'LLITORY. n. --- An herb."

The pellitory healing fire contains, That from a raging tooth the humour drains. "PELT. n.

Tate's Cowley.

"1. Hide." Thence ufed for a fhield.
Under the conduct of Demetia's prince
March twice three thousand, arm'd with pelts and glaves.
Fuimus Troes.
PENDICE. n. [Ital.] A covering in the form of a
floping roof.

And o'er their heads an iron pendice vast
They built, by joining many a fhield and targe.
Fairfax. B. XI. ft.33.

He on his throne was fet (to which in height Who clomb, an hundred iv'ry stairs first told) Under a pendice wrought of filver bright. Ib. B.XVII. ft.ro. "PENI'NSULATED. adj. Almoft furrounded "with water."

How fhall he be thought wife, whofe penning is thin
B. Jonfon's Difcoveries.

and fhallow?
"PE'NNYROYAL. n. -- A plant."
First Pennyroyal, to advance her fame
(And from her mouth a grateful odour came)
Tells 'em, they fay, how many ills that source
Threatens, whene'er &c.

Cowley Englished. PENTAMETER. adj. [ πevτaueтgos, Gr.] Confifting of five metrical feet.

Like

PER

Like Ovid's Fasti in hexameter and pentameter verses. Jo. Warton's Pope. PENTICLE. n. [another name for] A Pendice. Their targets hard above their heads they threw, Which join'd in one an iron pendice make, That from the dreadfull ftorm preferv'd the crew: Defended thus, their fpeedy courfe they take, And to the wall without refiftance drew; For that strong penticle protected well

The knights, from all that flew, and all that fell. Fairfax. B.XVIII. ft.74. PERDIE'. adv. [par dieu, Fr. It is ufed fometimes for verily, but often without any apparent meaning at all.]

That redcroffe knight, perdie, I never flew.
Sp. F.Q. B.I. C.VI. ft.42.
She wift not, filly Mayd, what the did aile,
Yet wift, fhe was not well at ease perdy;
Yet thought it was not love, but fome melancholy.
Ib. B.III. Ç.II. ft.27.
So fhe, not having yet forgot perdy
Her wonted shifts and fleights in Cupid's toys,
A fequence first of fighs and fobs forth caft,
To breed compaffion dear, then fpake at laft.
Fairfax. B.VI. ft.43.
Perdy your doors were lock'd, and you shut out.
Shak. Com. of Errors.
The knave turns fool, that runs away,
The fool no knave, perdy.
Ib. Lear.
PE'RDU. n. [Fr. It was fometimes accented on the
last fyllable.]

1. One that keeps watch by night.
To watch (poor perdu,)
With this thin helm.
Shakspeare's Lear.
I am set here like a perdu,
To watch a fellow that has wrong'd my mistress.
Beaum. and Fl. Little Fr. Lawyer.
Suckling's Goblins.

Call in our perdues.

As for perdues,

Hen. IV. P. II.

Than in the perfum'd chambers of the great. To PERGE. v. n. [from pergo, Lat. A vitious and pedantic fabrication, too near in found to purge, and not follow'd (to the best of the compiler's knowledge) by any other author.] To go on. Thou art a good Frank, if thou pergeft thus. Miferies of Inforced Marriage. PERIPATETIC. n. [fo called from περιπατητικός, Gr. because the ftudents in this fchool imbibed their inftructions walking about.] A follower of Ariftotle. The Peripatetics adopted two errors; but the laft ferved as a corrective to the first. Reid's Inquiry. PERIPATETIC. adj. [from the noun.] Of the Peripatetics.

After the Peripatetic fyftem had reigned above a thou fand years in the fchools of Europe almoft without a rival, it funk before that of Defcartes. Reid's Inquiry. PE'RLING. adj. [from pearl.] - Pearly:

Though plaine fhe faw, by all that she did heare, That the of death was guiltie found by right, Yet would not let juft vengeance on her light; But rather let, inftead thereof, to fall Few perling drops from her faire lampes of light. Sp. F.Q. B. V. C.IX. ft.50. Her long loose yellow locks like golden wire, Sprinkled with pearl, and perling flowres atween, Did like a golden mantle her attire. Spenf. Epithalan.ion. [That in the latter of these foregoing citations the word perling could never mean purling is felf-evident: whence it feems probable, that the ingenious Upton was miftaken, when he gave it that fenfe in the former.]

PERSEE. n. [See GAUR.]

The Perfees of Indoftan are originally the Gaurs, but are a moft induftrious people, particularly in weaving and architecture of every kind. Guthrie.

To PERSEVER. v. a. [perfeverer, Fr.] To con

tinue.

And though in vain thy love thou do perfever,
Yet all in vain do thou adore her ever. Britain's Ida
PERSONATER. n. One who perfonates any cha-
racter.

Expreffing a moft real affection in the perfonaters.
B. Jonfon's Mafques at Court.
PERSON-

PHA

"PERSONIFICA'TION. n. "things to perfons: as

"Confufion heard his voice.

The change of

Milton."

Johnfon feems here to have ftrayed a little from the nature of his work, by exemplifying his own explanation, but giving no example at all of the actual ufage of the word explained.

When words naturally neuter are converted into mafculine and feminine, the perfonification is more diftin&tly and forcibly marked. Lowth. "To PERSONIFY. v. a. To change from a thing to a perfon.

The poets take the liberty of perfonifying inanimate things.
Chesterfield.

To PERSONIZE. v. a. To perfonify.

Milton has perfonized them and put them into the
Court of Chaos.
Richardfon on Milton.
PE'RSUE. n. [ufed by Spenfer for] Purfuit.
By tract of blood, which the had freshly feene
To have befprinkled all the graffy greene;
By the great perfue which the there perceav'd
Well hoped the, the beaft engor'd had beene,
And made more hafte the life to have bereav'd.
Sp. F.Q. B.III. C.V. ft.28.
"PESTLE of pork. n. A gammon of bacon."
With fhaving you shine like a feftle of porke.
Damon and Pythias.

PETEREL. n. A kind of fea bird.
The peterels, to which failors have given the name of
mother Carey's chickens.
Hawkefworth's Voyages.
PETERMAN. n. [from St. Peter. It once meant]
Any fisherman poaching in the Thames.

His fkin is too thick to make parchment; 'twould make good boots for a peterman to catch falmon in. Eaftward Hoe. PE TERPENCE. n. A tax formerly paid by England to the Pope.

Edward the third in the 39th yeare of his raigne ordained, that the tribute of Peter-pence fhould not be from thenceforth any more gathered within this realme.

Weever. PE'TER-SA-MEE'NE. n. A kind of Spanish wine. A pottle of Greek wine, a pottle of Peter-fa-meene, a pottle of Charnico, and a pottle of Ziatticæ. Dek. Hon. Whore, P.II.

"PETITORY. adj. Petitioning."

And oft perfum'd my petitory ftile With civet-fpeech.

Brewer's Lingua.

To PETTIFOĠ. v. n. To do business like a "pettifogger."

He is a common barreter for his pleasure, that takes no money, but pettifogs gratis. Butler's Characters.

PHL

"PHA'LANX. n. This word retains its Latin plural.

I'll fpeak nothing but guns, and glaves, and ftaves, and phalanges, and fquadrons. Brewer's Lingua. PHARISEE. n. One of a noted fect among the Jews in the time of Our Saviour.

Then the Pharifees went out and held a counfel against him, how they might deftroy him. Matth. Ch.XII. v.14. "PHEER. n. A companion. See FEER. Spenfer Whoever looks for FEER as an article in Johnson will look in vain; but he may find FEAR in the fame general fenfe. The particular kinds of companion, which this word (in its various orthography) was formerly used for, are

1. Friend.

Hufband.
But the thereof grew proud and infolent,
That none the worthie thought to be her fere,
But fcorn'd them all that love unto her ment.

F.2. B.VI. C.VII. ft.29.

This paragon fhould Queen Armida wed; A goodly fwain to be a Princess' pheer! Fairfax. B.IV. ft. 47. PHE'NTERER. n. [This word occurs in MASSINGER's Picture; but from the paffage, the compiler conceives it a mifprint for Pheuterer or FEUTERER, which makes an article in this Supplement: he gives the extract from MASSINGER as he finds it.] If you will be

An honeft Yeoman Phenterer, feed us first, And walk us after. Yeoman Phenterer! A.V. fc.1. To PHILIPPIZE. v. n. [from Philippic.] To write or fpeak invectives.

With the best intentions in the world he naturally philippizes. Burke. An evergreen

PHILLYRE'A. n. [Botan. Lat. ]

plant.

A Menander had not as yet appeared; who arose soon after to accomplish the prophecy of our grand Master of Art, and confummate Philologift. Shaftesbury. PHILOMATH. n. [9.20μains, Gr.] A lover of learning.

Afk my friend L' Abbe Sallier to recommend to you fome meagre philomath to teach you a little geometry and aftronomy. Chefterfield.

Are there not philomaths of high degree, Who always dumb before, fhall speak for thee? Churchill's Candidate. PHLOGI'STIC. adj. Partaking of Phlogifton. These bodies are called phlogiftic bodies. Adams. "PHLOGI'STON. n. "2. The inflammable part of any body."

-

The

Striking the imagination with the force of painting. Ifaiah adds a circumftance inimitably picture/que-that the fucking child shall play on the hole of the afp. Jo. Warton's Virgil. 4. To be exprest in painting.

Adams.

Mid. and Dek. Roaring Girl. PHRONTISTE'RION. n. [Gr.] Seminary of learn

ing.

'Tis the learn'd phrontifterion

Albumazar.

Of moft divine Albumazar. "PHYSIOLOGIST. n. ----One verfed in phy"fiology."

We fee fuch actions no less skilfully and regularly per formed in children, and in thofe who know not that they have fuch mufcles, than in the most skilful anatomist and phyfiologift. Reid's Inquiry. PHY'SNOMY. n. [contracted from] Phyfiognomy. Yet certes by her face and phyfnomy, Whether the man or woman inly were, That could not any creature well defcry.

Sp. F.Q. B.VII. C.VII.A.5. Faith, Sir, he has an English name; but his phifnomy is more hotter in France, than there. Shakfp. All's Well. PHYTOLOGIST. n. [from φυτον and λογος, Gr.] One skilled in plants.

As our learned phytologift Mr. Ray has done. Evelyn. PICKARDILL. n. [formerly] An upright collar on

Were painted faire with memorable gestes

Of famous wifards; and with pi&urals
Of magiftrates, of courts, of tribunals.

Sp. F.2. B.II. C.IX. ft.53. PICTURE-LIKE. adj. Like a picture.

I (confidering, how honour would become fuch a perfon; that it was no better than picture-like to hang by the wall, if renown made it not stir) was pleased to let him feek danger where he was like to find fame.

Shakspeare's Coriolanus. PICTURE'SQUE. adj. [pittoresco, Ital.] 1. What pleases the eye.

You cannot pafs along a freet, but you have views of fome palace, or church, or fquare, or fountain, the most picturefque and noble one can imagine. Gray's Letters. The picturefque fpire of Mitchel Dean attracted our no

tice.

2. Remarkable for fingularity.

Skrine's Tour in South Wales.

That I have a picturesque countenance, rather than one that is esteemed of regular features. Shenfone.

I think it would be ftill better to graft any wild picturefque fable, abfolutely of one's own invention, on the Druid ftock, Gray's Letters.

5.

Thefe three capital defcriptions abound with ideas, which affect the ear more than the eye, and therefore are beyond the powers of picturefque imitation.

Mafon on Gray.. Affording a good subject for a landscape. Mona is Anglesey, a tract of plain country, very fertile, but picturefque only from the view it has of Caernarvonshire. Gray's Letters.

6. Proper to take a landscape from.

The picturefque point is always thus low in all profpects.
Mafon on Gray.

[Though this word (of fo extenfive a meaning) has no place of its own in Johnson, he was not unacquainted with it: for he ufes it in his 5th interpretation of profpect. So inadequate was his memorial faculty to the due performance of his undertaking. "PIE-POWDER court. DER n. [from pied, foot, and "pouldrè, dufty.]" Such certainly was the old derivation of this word; but the late Daines Barrington, and Blackstone after him, derive it with much more probability from pied puldreaux, a pedler. "court held in fairs for redress of all disorders com"mitted therein."

"A

The lowest, and at the fame time the most expeditious court of justice known to the law of England is the court of piepoudre.

Many are the yearly enormities of this Fair, in whose courts of pic-pouders I have had the honour during the three days fometimes to fit as judge.

B. Jonfon's Bartholomew Fair. PIGEON-LIVERED. adj. Having a liver without gall, like a pigeon's; unnaturally mild.

But I am pigeon-liver'd, and lack gall
To make oppreffion bitter.

Shakspeare's Hamlet. PINA'STER. n. One fpecies of the tree called pine. The holly arm'd with gold and filver spines,

twyne.

The branch'd pinafter, and the fir that fhines. Anonym. PINE. n. [from the verb. n.] Pining away; woe. But they were forft through penurie and pyne To doe thofe workes to them appointed dew; For nought was given them to fup or dyne, But what their hands could earne by twisting linnen Sp.F.2. B.V. C.V. ft.22. The woful Virgin tarry'd, and gave heed To the fierce looks of that proud Saracen Till Vafrine's cry, full of fad fear and dread, Pierc'd through her heart with forrow, grief, and Fairfax. B.XIX. PINIONIST. n. [from pinion.] Any bird that flies. That all the flitting pinionifts of ayre Attentive fate.

pine.

W. Browne.