: will have it a fever, yet of what disease Lazarus first died is uncertain from the text, as his second death from good authentick history; but since some persons conceived to be dead do sometimes return again unto evidence of life, that miracle was wisely managed by our Saviour; for had he not been dead four days and under corruption, there had not wanted enough who would have cavilled the same, which the Scripture now puts out of doubt and tradition also confirmeth, that he lived thirty years after, and, being pursued by the Jews, came by sea into Provence, by Marseilles, with Mary Magdalen, Maximinus, and others where remarkable places carry their names unto this day. But to arise from the grave to return again into it, is but an uncomfortable reviction. Few men would be content to cradle it once again; except a man can lead his second life better than the first, a man may be doubly condemned for living evilly twice, which were but to make the second death in Scripture the third, and to accumulate in the punishment of two bad livers at the last day. To have performed the duty of corrup tion in the grave, to live again as far from sin as death, and arise like our Saviour for ever, are the only satisfactions of wellweighed expectations." P. 136, I. 17. the disease of his country, the Rickets] This disease was formerly called "Morbus Anglicus," because, if not entirely unknown before the time of Whistler and Glisson, (See Sprengel, Hist. ae la Méd., tome v. p. 598, &c.) it was first brought prominently into notice by them. Whistler (De Morbo Puerili, &c., Lugd. Bat. 1645, 4to.) gave it the preten tious and unwieldy designation of " Pædo-splanchn-osteo-cace,' which probably no one ever used but himself; Glisson (De Rachitide, &c., Lond. 1650, 12mo.) was content with the more modest and convenient term, Rachitis (or Rhachitis), which, though by no means perfectly unobjectionable, was adopted by most nosologists, and has maintained its place in Latin works to the present day. (See Notes and Queries, 6th series, vol. i. 1880) P. 136, 1. 19. many have been become] Wilkins (T) and Gardiner (w) read many have become. The MS. has I have seen many to have become. P. 136, 1. 21. the disease is scarce so old, &c.] Adopting Whistler's and Glisson's opinion that it was first heard of about 1620. The name does not appear in the London Bills of Mortality before 1634. (See A Collection of the Yearly Bills of Mortality, &c., Lond. 1759. 4to.) P. 136, 1. 26. Rovigno, &c.] This statement is found also in his Common Place Books, vol. iv. p. 395, ed Wilkin. P. 136, 1. 27. scarce twenty years ago, &c.] This passage enables us to decide with tolerable certainty that the former portion of the Letter to a Friend was written about 1672. Duloir's Travels were published in 1654, and Sir T. B. in a passage first added in the sixth ed. of the Pseud. Epid. (1672) speaks of his description of the Euripus “about twenty years ago. (vii. 13, vol. ii. p. 249, ed. Bohn.) P. 136, 1. 29. certain it is that the Rickets encreaseth among us] The subject is discussed by Graunt in his Observations on the Bills of Mortality (chap. 3), with which little book Sir T. B. was probably well acquainted. Notwithstanding the prophecy that the disease would disappear entirely in consequence of the Restoration (see John Bird's Ostenta Carolina, 1661), the number of deaths attributed to Rickets in the London Bills of Mortality increased from 14 in 1634 to 576 in 1684; after which time it gradually diminished, and fell in 1755 to 6. P. 136, 1. antep. the King's purse, &c.] When persons were touched for the King's Evil, a gold medal was hung round each patient's neck. P. 136, 1. penult. grows more common] The number of persons touched during a part of the reign of Charles II. is said to have amounted to 92, 107. See Douglas's Criterion of Miracles, p. 204, ed. 1754. P. 137, 1. 3. good words] 'Aopaλéσtatos Kal pýïotos, securissima et facillima. Hippoc. [Epid. i. 3, § 11. t. ii. p. 674, edit. Littré.] "Pro febre quartana raro sonat campana.' (Note in г.) P. 137, 1. 4. The following paragraph is given here by Wilkin from the MS. :- "Some I observed to wonder how in his consumptive state his hair held on so well, without that considerable defluvium which is one of the last symptoms in such diseases but they took not notice of a mark in his face, which, if he had lived, was a probable security against baldness, (if the observation of Aristotle will hold, that persons are less apt to be bald who are double-chinned,) nor of the varicose and knotted veins in his legs, which they that have, in the same author's assertions, are less disposed to baldness. (According as Theodorus Gaza renders it: though Scaliger renders the text otherwise.)” P. 138, 1. 1. exuccous] Wilkin (T) and Gardiner (w) spell the word exsuccous, but Browne elsewhere also writes exuccous. See Johnson's Dict. P. 138, 1. 3. I had often found] So A.F. (Note in г.) P. 138, 1. 13. Cardan] Cardan in his Encomium Podagræ [Opera, vol. i. p. 224, ed. 1663] reckoneth this among the Dona Podagra, that they are delivered thereby from the pthysis and stone in the bladder. (Note in T.) This passage is also mentioned in Sir T. B.'s Common Place Books, vol. iv. p. 398, ed. Wilkin. P. 138, 1. 14. Aristotle makes a query, &c.] See Problem. Sect. x. § I. This passage is extracted in one of Browne's Common Place Books (vol. iv. p. 362, ed. Wilkin). P. 141, 1. 2. tabid] Tabes maxime contingunt ab anno decimo octavo ad trigesimum quintum. Hippoc. [Aphor. v. (Note in r.) P. 141, 1. 9. 9.] Cæsarean nativity] A sound child cut out of the body of the mother. (Note in г.) P. 141, l. 14. test of the river] Natos ad flumina primum, Deferimus savoque gelu duramus et undis. [Virgil, Æn. ix. 603.] (Note in r.) P. 141, 1. 19. marriages made by the candle] Perhaps meaning marriages settled by a sort of lottery, like auction sales by an inch of candle, when the goods were knocked down to the last bidder before the candle went out. These sales were not uncommon in the seventeenth century. (See Notes and Queries, S. 4, vol. xi. : S. 5, vol. vi.) P. 141, 1. 26. five plain words] JULII CÆSARIS SCALIGERI QUOD FUIT. See Joseph Scaliger, in Vitâ Patris [p. 52, ed. 1594]. (Note in г.) P. 141, 1. antep. how unhappy great poets have been, &c.] The epitaphs alluded to are the following, which are taken from Paulus Jovius, Elogia Virorum Literis Illustrium, fol. Basil. 1577. P. 141, 1. pen. Petrarcha] Frigida Francisci lapis hic tegit ossa Petrarchæ ; "Jura monarchiæ, superos, Phlegetonta, lacusque Sed quia pars cessit melioribus hospita castris, Hic claudor Danthes patriis extorris ab oris, P. 141, 1. ult. Ariosto] "Ludovici Ariosti humantur ossa Sub hoc marmore, seu sub hac humo, seu Sive hærede benignior comes, seu Opportunius incidens viator; Nam scire haud potuit futura; sed nec Hac et hac cinerem hunc et hunc revellens, Dum noscat proprium, diu vagetur.”—(P. 157 ) P. 142, 1. 17. desipiency] All former edd. have decipiency, but no doubt desipiency (that is desipientia,) is the word used by Browne. There does not appear to be any such word as decipientia. See below, p. 151, l. 14. P. 143, 1. 21. Democritism] All the editions except Wilkin's (T, X) have Democratism, which is evidently a clerical or typographical error for Democritism, i.e. the laughing philosophy of Democritus. P. 144, 1. 1. Not to fear Death, &c.] Summum nec metuas diem nec optes. [Martial, Epig. x. 47, 1. ult.] (Note in г.) P. 144, 1. 6. the second life of Lazarus] Who upon some accounts, and tradition, is said to have lived thirty years after he was raised by our Saviour. Baronius. (Note in r.) Gardiner (w) refers to St. Epiphanius, Hæres. lxvi. c. 39. p. 297, 1. 8, &c. P. 144, l. 13, 14. death death is sin. See above, the sting. of sin] per haps a confused recollection of 1 Cor. xv. 56. The sting of to desire, &c.] In the speech of Vulteius in P. 144, 1. 26. Lucan [Phars. iv. 486] animating his souldiers in a great struggle to kill one another : Decernite lethum, Et metus omnis abest, cupias quodcunque necesse est. All fear is over, do but resolve to die, P. 146, 1. 25. in, but not in A. P. 146, 1. ult. (Note in f.) The rest of the Letter is omitted by Crossley The rest of the Letter is omitted by Wilkin (T) and Gardiner (w). P. 147, 1. 1. Tread softly, &c.] All the remaining sections, with the exception of a few sentences, are found in the Christian Morals; the references to the pages are given in the margin. Whatever explanatory notes are required will be found appended to the Christian Morals. P. 147, 1. 1. funambulous track] In the parallel passage (p. 161, 1. 2) the word is funambulatory, which would be more applicable to a person than to a track. Hence (if we suppose that Sir T. B. deliberately altered the word when transcribing the passage, as considering funambulous to be more correct,) we may perhaps infer that the Letter to a Friend was written after the Christian Morals. See below on p. 162, 1. antep. P. 147, 1. 8. obscure and closer] Crossley (A) has obscurer and closer, but г, ▲ have obscure and closer, and so also below, p. 163, 1. 6. In the same way Sir T. B. has at p. 90 1. pen. learned and best, where we might have expected most learned. P. 148, 1. 3. Manillia] So spelled also below, p. 161, 1. ult. P. 148, 1. 25. mile] г, ▲, ▲ have mitre, but mite is undoubtedly the true reading. See below, p. 163, 1. 22. P. 149, 1. 17. bowelless unto themselves] below, p. 164, l. pen., it is bowelless unto others, which is probably the true reading. P. 150, 1. 4. natural] below, p. 165, 1. pen., it is almost ratural, which is probably the better reading. P. 150, 1. 9. what thou may'st be] below, p. 166, 1. 4, what is omitted, which seems the true reading, unless we change w into t and read that. P. 151, 1. 2. motions] below, p. 166, 1. 19, it is motives, which is probably the true reading. |