That may be touched, or felt, or perceived: tangible, sensible, perceptible, evident, manifest.

He semeth to speake of substaunce after the comen capacitie, and not as it is truely in learnynge vnderstanded, an inward inuisible and not palpable nature, but onely perceyued by vnderstandynge.

Bp. Gardner. Explication Of Transubstantion, p. 125. In stormes and darknes of errours more palpable then in the seruitude of Egypt, because they will not receyue ye fre gospell of the lybertye of the spirit to be regenerated by faith. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 5. But there are palpable contradictions between men's practices and the fundamentals of our faith. Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 3, I sing of Saints, and yet my song shall not be fraught, With miracles by them, but feigned to be wrought, That they which did their lives so palpably belie, To times have much impeach'd their holiness thereby. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 24. And unlesse their phancies may have a sight and sensible palpation of that more clarified subsistence, they will prefer infidelity it self to an unimaginable idea.

Glanvill. Vanity of Dogmatizing, c. 2. He it was that first found out the palpability of colours. Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus, c. 14.

We are content and thankful, if our people will but observe us in what is evidently true and right, while they [unbebevers] expect to be believed and followed in what is palpably false and wrong.-Waterland. Works, vol. viii. p. 55.

The king in all the perplexed distress of a haughty, avaricious, weak prince, sent after Gama, delivered up all the hostages and submitted to his proposals; nay even solicited that an agent should be left; and even descended to the meanness of a palpable lie.

Mickle. History of the Discovery of India.

PALPITATE, v. Į Fr. Palpiter; It. PalpiPALPITATION, tare; Sp. Palpitar; Lat. Palpitare; from the Gr. Пaλ-ev, movere, to move. The verb (in common use) is—

To move quickly; to beat frequently, (more frequently than the natural pulsation.)

I was become a lump of I know not what, I could scarce find any palpitation within me on the left side, when yours of the 1st of September was brought me. Howell, b. i. s. 6. Let. 16. His knitting sinews did not tremble aught, Nor to unusuall palpitation brought Was or his heart or lyver.

Brown. Britannia's Pastorals, b. ii. s. 5. The shining moisture swells into her eyes In brighter flow; her wishing bosom heaves With palpitations wild.

Thomson. Spring.

PALSY, n. Contracted from paralysis, (qv.) PA'LSIED. Fr. Palasine, relachement de nerfs, (Roquefort,) tremblement de nerfs, (Lacombe.) Gr. Пapa, Avois, resolutio (sc.) nervorum, Av-eiv, solvere.

And Jhesus sigh the feith of hem; and seid to the man syke in palesie, sone have thou trist: thi synnes ben forgoven to thee.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 9,

And when Jesus sawe the faith of them he sayd to the sycke of the palsye: sonne be of good chere, thy sinnes be forgeuen the.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

As that so many sicke, so many blinde, &c., so many prisende, leprosed, &c., were by them [the Apostles] as by him [Becket] deliuered.-Bale. English Votaries, pt. ii. Oh then how quickly should this arme of mine, Now prisoner to the palsie, chastise thee And minister correction to thy fault.

Shakespeare. Rich. II. Act ii. sc. 3. A paley is an immobility of a muscle from relaxation, insuperable by the will or any endeavour of the patient. Arbuthnot. On Diet, c. 4. He rais'd the lame, the lepers he made whole, He fix'd the palsied nerves of weak decay.

Smart. Hymn to the Supreme Being.

But your present confusion, like a palsy, has attacked the fountain of life itself.-Burke. On the French Revolution.

PALTER, v. Tooke with Salmasius, VosPA'LTRY. sius, Ferrarius, and Skinner, in opposition to Menage and Wachter-think poltron and paltry to be formed from pollice trunci, q.d. poltrones; those who maimed or cut off their thumb to disable themselves from, and consequently to escape, military service. That such was no uncommon fact is matter of historical notoriety. (See POLTRON.) Poltron and paltry were hence applied to

Cowards; men of mean, dastardly spirit; and then to any thing mean or dastardly; and to palter,

To use false pretences, make trivial or frivolous

excuses; to equivocate; to act or speak ambiguously; to fritter away.

So is Samson knowne to be an idel bellied carnal epicure, that for worldly honour, and paltring pelfes sake hathe euerholden with the hare and runne wyth the hounde.

Bp. Gardner. On True Obedience, To the Reader. Dio. Fo fo, adew, you palter. Cres. In faith I doe not: come hither once againe. Shakespeare. Troyl. & Cres. Act v. sc. 2. And be these jugling fiends no more beleeu'd, That palter with vs in a double sence, That keepe the word of promise to our eare, And break it to our hope. Id. Macbeth, Act v. sc. 7. Mir. It is not to be a Justice of peace as you are, and paller out your time i' th' penal statutes.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Elder Brother, Act ii. sc. 1. And among the rest of the prophecies: that he should read that specially, for the which this long paltry feigned drift was framed, touching the kingdom of Lacedæmonia. North. Plutarch, p. 384.

Mor. Jun. Madam, entreat not, I will rather die, Than sue for life unto a paltry boy.-Marlow. Edw. II. Would'st thou not rather choose a small renown, To be the mayor of some poor paltry town, Bigly to look, and barbarously to speak; To pound false weights, and scanty measures break. Dryden. Juvenal, Sat. 10.

PAN, n. A. S. Panne; Dut. Panne; Ger. PA'NNICLE. Pfanne; Sw. Panna. Wachter derives from A. S. Fon, capere, to take or hold: others from the Lat. Patina: in this latter case we should find it in French. It may be from the A. S. Pynd-an, to pen or pin, to enclose, to contain, to hold. It is applied to

A vessel to hold meats, &c.; to the part affixed to a gun to hold powder; to a part of the head or skull, to enclose the brain.

God yeve me sorwe, but and I wer pope,

Not only thou but every mighty man,

Though he were shore ful high upon his pun,

Should have a wif.-Chaucer. The Monkes Tale, v.13,958.

Albinus slough in the felde,

Ther halpe him nother spere ne shelde,
That he ne smote his head of than,
Wherof he toke away the panne:

Of whiche he saide he wolde make
A cuppe.

Gower. Con. A. b. i. And that haue we in dayly experience, for the pannes and pottes, garnysshe well the ketchyn, and yet shuld they be Sir T. Elyot. The Governor, b. i. c. 1. The Russes begin their Lent alwayes 8 weeks before Easter; the first weeke they eat egs, milke, cheese, & butter, and make great cheare with pancakes and such other things. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 317.

to the chabre none ornamente.

So soone therefore as they [young adders] saw my face, they ran againe into the mouth of their dam, whome, f killed, and then found each of them shrowded in a distinct cell or pannicle, in her bellie.

Holinshed. Description of England, b. iii. c. 6.

To him he turned, and with rigour fell
Smote him so rudely on the pannikell,
That to the chin he clefte his head in twaine.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 5. Most of our attempts to fire the gunpowder in the pan of the pistol succeeded not.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 31.

The flower's forensic beauties now admire
The impalement, foliation, down attire,
Couch'd in the pannicle or mantling veil,
That intercepts the keen or drenching gale.

Brooke. Universal Beauty, b. iii.

For ye reigne in youth and lustinesse, Pampired with ease and jalous in your age, Your duty is, as ferre as I can gesse, To Loue's court to dressen your viage. Chaucer. The Court of Loue. But you are more intemperate in your blood, Than Venus, or those pampred animalls, That rage in sauage sensualitie. Shakespeare. Much Adoe about Nothing, Act iv. sc. 1. On to their morning's rural work they haste Among sweet dewes and flours; where any row Of fruit-trees overwoodie reachd too farr Their pamper'd boughes, and needed hands to check Fruitless imbraces. Millon. Paradise Lost, b. v. According to the height of their feed, so was their pamperedness and pride: they were no sooner filled, than their heart was exalted.-Bp. Hall. Hard Texts. Hosea, xiii. 6. But yet was there neuer anye medicyne inuented by the I urge not their awfull reverence in their devotion, our physicions, that was able to remedye al diseases of the body, sleepy or wild carelessness; their austere and rough disci-though they make neuer so much vauntes and boaste of that same which they cal panacea, a medicyne (as they affirme) pline of the body, our wanton pampering of the flesh. Id. Pharisaisme & Christianity. effectual and of much vertue, but knowen to no man. Udal. Luke, Pref.

or unbound.

PANACEA. Į Fr. Panacée; wound-wort, PANACEAN. Sall-heal, (Cotgrave.) It. Panacea; Lat. Panacea; Gr. Пavakela, av, all, and aк-eισlaι, to heal.

That which healeth all diseases, all ills, or evils: an universal remedy or cure.

There, whether yt divine tobacco were,
Or panachea, or polygony,
She fownd, and brought it to her patient deare,
Who al this while lay bleding out his hart-blood neare.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 5.
This juice, while clouds conceal her radiant face,
The queen infuses in the golden vase!
Tempers with scented panacee the whole,
And with ambrosial liquors crowns the bowl.

Pitt. Virgil. Eneid, b. xil.
When purpled Vice shall humble Justice awe,
And Fashion make it current, spite of Law;
What sovereign med'cine can its course reclaim,
What, but the Poet's panacea-Shame!

P. Whitehead. Epistle to Dr. Thomson.

Still does reluctant Peace refuse,
Though courted by each generous mind,
To shed her panacean dewes,
And heal the madness of mankind!—-Whitehead, Ode 42.

PANADE. Fr. Panade.

Crums of bread (and currans) moistened or brewed with water, (Cotgrave.)

Paneity, a coinage of Prior's.

Nurses, while they give paps and panades unto their little babes, have some small pleasure in feeding them by tasting the same in their own mouths before. Holland. Plutarch, p. 585

And Romish bakers praise the Deity
They chipp'd while yet in its paneity.

Prior. To F. Shephard. PANCHART. Fr. Pancarte. A paper containing [all] the particular rates of tolls or customs due unto the king, (Cotgrave.) And see the quotation.

John Bouchet, in the third part of his Annales of Aquitaine, maruelleth at an old panchart or record which he had seen, by the tenour whereof it appeared, that this Otho intituled himselfe Duke of Aquitaine.

PANCRATICK. PANCRATICAL.

PANCRATIA'STIC.

Holinshed. Rich. I. an. 1196. Gr, Παγκρατιαστης, παν, all, and крaт-os, strength. All-powerful, powerful

in all contests or combats,

The Eremites indeed, in Theodosius the younger's time, left their solitude, and came to study perfection in the king's palace: but sure 'twas because they were (or else conceived themselves to be) advanced and arrived already to a spiritual height, to a full pancratick habit, fit for combats and wrastlings.-Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 488.

For as relations declare, he was the most pancratical man in Greece, and as Galen reporteth, and Mercurialis in his Gymnasticks representeth, he [Milo] was able to persist erect upon an oyled plank, not to be removed by the force or protrusion of three men.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. vii. c. 18. On whose glorious brows The wrestler's chaplet still unfaded blows, Mixt with the great pancratiastic crown, Which from the neighbouring youth thy early valour won. West. Pindar, Nemean Ode 11.

Proclaime no shame,

When the compulsiue ardure giues the charge,
Since frost itselfe as actiuely doth burne,

As reason panders will.-Shakes. Hamlet, Act iii. sc. 4. This most mild, though withal dreadful and inviolable prerogative of Christ's diadem, [excommunication] serves for nothing with them, but to prog and pander for fees.

Milton. Of Reformation in England, b. ii. Ne, them to pleasure, would he sometimes scorne A pandares coat (so basely was he borne.)

Spenser. Mother Hubberd's Tale. Reverence my punk, and pandarise a little.

Barry. Ram Alley, Act ii. sc. 1. You scorn two shilling brothels, Twelvepenny pandarism, and such base bribes.

Middleton. A mad World my Masters. Had. Yes, cheating, theft, and pandarising, or may be flattery.-Taylor. The Hog hath lost his Pearl, Act i. sc. 1.

As for those favourable temperaments which thou mentionest, they are meer pandarismes of wickednesse; faire visors of deformity.

Bp. Hall. Satan's Fiery Darts quenched, Dec. 3. Temp.10.
I saw her once before, (five days since 'tis,)
And the same wary pandarous diligence
Was then bestowed on her.

Middleton. The Witch, Act iii. sc. 2. At stage-playes many adulterous matches, many panderly brothel-house bargains are concluded.

Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, Act vi. sc. 4. pt. i.
Thou private pandress betwen shirt & smock,
I wish thee for a minute but a man.

Middleton. The Roaring Girl, Act i.

PANDECTS.

Thus thou, by means, which th' ancients never took,
A pandect mak'st, and universal book.

Donne. Vpon Mr. T. Coryat's Crudities.

A copy of Justinian's Pandects being newly discovered at Amalfi, soon brought the civil law into vogue all over the West of Europe, where before it was quite laid aside and in a manner forgotten, though some traces of its authority remained in Italy and the Eastern Provinces of the Empire. Blackstone. Commentaries, Introd. s. 1.

PANDO'RE. The Greeks had an instrument named wavdoupa, having a triple chord. Some that delight to touch the sterner wiry chord The cythron, the pandore, and the theorbo strike. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 4.

PANE, n. Fr. Pan, paneau, a pane, piece, PA'NED. or panel of a wall, of a wainscot, of PA'NEL. a glass window, of a hose, of a PA'NELESS. cloak, &c. (See Cotgrave.) (Sec IMPANEL.) Skinner thinks from the Lat. Pannus, by metaphor from

A segment or piece of cloth, to a segment of other substances. And see the quotations from Blackstone, and Gifford.

Ne to the court sompne Ne put men in panell.

Piers Ploukman, p. 62. And so we passed along through the towne, and cãe to the gate towarde Palamuche, and went out thereat and came to the dykes; than the knyght shewed me a pane of the wall, and said, Sir, see you yonder parte of the wall which is newer than all the remnant

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 22.

They cut it very thinne, and sow it with a thred In pretie order like to panes to serue their present need. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 386. After theim followed the kynges henxmenne, in coates of purple ueluet pieled and paned with riche clothe of siluer. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 14. Ye mayer, with the sayd lordes were callynge of the panellys of the enquestys at Guyldehall. Fabyan. Hen. VI. an. 1466.

In that country they ride on bullocks with pannels, as we terme them, girts and bridles, and they haue a very commodious pace.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 221.

Whether this may be not only in pulpits, but after another persuasive method, at set and solemn paneguries, in theatres, porches, or what other place or way may win most upon the people to receive at once both recreation and instruction, let them in authority consult.

Milton. The Reason of Church Government, b. li. But in all cases the well-grown Christian, he that improves or goes forward in his way to Heaven, brings virtue forth, not into discourses and paneguricks, but into his life and manners.-Bp. Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 15

And for great Constantine's birth in this land you shall have authority, in an old panegyrist speaking to Constantine.-Drayton. Poly-Olbion, t. 8. Selden. Illustrations.

Yet himself [Pliny] plainly acknowledged also one supreme universal numen, as may sufficiently appear from his panegyrick oration to Trajan.-Cudworth. Intel. System, p. 441.

In which panegyrical speeches there were used frequent apostrophes and figurative addresses to the souls of the saints.-South, vol. ii Ser. 6

Shall not one verse be sacred to a name Endear'd by virtuous deeds and silent fame? True fame demands not panegyric aid.-Hart. Confessor. I think I am not inclined by nature or policy to make a panegyrick upon any thing which is a just and natural object of censure.-Burke. On the French Revolution.

If these panegyrists are in earnest in their admiration of Henry the Fourth, they must remember, that they cannot think more highly of him, than he did of the noblesse of France.-Id. Ib.

to

Ana. Why, in a pair of pained slops.

PANEGYRY. PANEGY RICK. PANEGYRICAL. PANEGY RIST.

PANE GYRIZE, v.

There is an old pander (the prince of pimps) always at hand, who makes it his great business and perpetual study to bring them together, and will never suffer a vitious inclination to starve for want of a suitable object to feed it.

Sidney. Arcadia, b. iv. And I greene my selfe, To thinke, when thou shalt be disedg'd by her, That now thou tyrest on, how thy memory Will then be pang'd by me.

Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act iii. sc. 4.
To thy speed add wings,
Lest with a whip of scorpions I pursue
Thy ling'ring, or with one stroke of this dart
Strange horror seize thee, and pangs unfelt before.
Millon. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

'Tis said with ease, but, oh, how hardly try'd
By haughty souls to human honours ty'd!
O sharp convulsive pangs of agonizing pride.

Dryden. The Hind and the Panther.
Whom what awaits, while yet he strays
Along the lonely vale of days?—
A pang, to secret sorrow dear:

A sigh an unavailing tear.-Gray. Epil, on Mrs. Clarke. PA'NICK, adj. See the quotation from PA'NICK, n. Potter. In vol. i. c. 17, he gives two other reasons for the appellation, and explains panici terrores, or panic fears, to be sudden consternations, that seized upon men, without any visible cause, and, therefore, were imputed to the operation of demons, especially Pan, (qv.) upon men's fancies.

The first author of it [general shout] was Pan, Bacchus's Lieutenant-General, in his Indian expedition, where, being encompass'd in a valley with an army of enemies, far supe riour to them in number, he advis'd the God to order his men in the night to give a general shout, which so surpriz'd the opposite army, that they immediately fled from their camp; whence it came to pass, that all sudden fears impress'd upon men's spirits without any just reason were

call'd by the Greeks and Romans panick terrors.

Potter. On Greece, b. iii. c. 8.

For all so soone as life did me admit

Into this world, and shewed heven's light,
From mother's pap I taken was unfitt,
And streight deliver'd to a Fary knight.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 9.
He strooke him at his breastes right pappe,
Quite through his shoulder bone.

Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. iv. Some of the cooling, lactescent, papescent plants, as cichory, lettuce, dandelion, are found effectual in hot countries. Arbuthnot. On Aliments, c. 6.

The learned Malpighi with great probability concludes, because the outward covering of the tongue is perforated, under which lie papillary parts, that in these the taste lieth.-Derham. Physico-Theology, b. iv. c. 5.

The papillous inward coat of the intestines is extremely sensible, and when the acrimony is so great as to affect the solid parts, the sensation of pain is intolerable. Arbuthnot. On Aliments, c. 1. Another thing worthy of noting in seeds, and argumentative of providence and design, is that pappose plumage growing upon the tops of some of them whereby they are capable of being wafted with the wind, and by that means scatter'd and disseminated far and wide.

Ray. On the Creation, pt. i. I saw his head swelled in several places; some of the swellings were big and puppy abounding with extravasated serum.-Wiseman. Surgery, b. v. c. 9.

Its tender and pappy flesh cannot at once be fitted to be nourished by solid diet.-Id. Ib.

Oh folly worthy of the nurse's lap,
Give it the breast, or stop its mouth with pap.

PAPA'.

PAPE.

PA'PABLE. PA'PACY... PA'PAL. PAPA'LIN PAPA'LITY. PA'PALTY. PA'PISM.

PA'PIST.

PAPISTIC.

PAPI'STICAL.

PA'PISTRY.

abba, or abbot.

Cowper. Conversation.
Gr. Пarwas; Lat. Papa; Fr.
Pape; It. and Sp. Papa.
(See
PAP.)

A repetition of a first sound pa, pa, breathed softly through the lips in earliest infancy; and applied to

The male parent; as ma-ma, (qv.) to the female. Applied also to

A father of a church, sect, congregation, &c. The father of the Christian church. The See POPE.

Papacy, the state or rank of papa or pope. Bishop Hall coins for his purpose-papess; and Fuller the verbal adjective-papized.

This Innocent, whiche was deceiued
His papacie anone hath weiued,
Renounced and resigned eke.

The Pope anone upon the cas

Of his papall auctoritee

Hath made and youe the decree.

Was the history of that their monstrous papesse of our making?-Bp. Hall. Honour of the Maried Clergie, s. 9.

Ye think by these gaudy glisterings to stir up the devotion of the rude multitude: ye think so, because ye forsake the heavenly teaching of Saint Paul for the hellish sophistry of papism.-Milton. Reason of Church Government, b. ii. c. 2. Protestants cut off the authority from all papiz'd writers of that age.-Fuller. Holy War, p. 160.

Dr. Lloyd thinks their time of hurting the papal christians is at an end; they [the Turks] may indeed still do subjects, but they can do no hurt to the papalins. mischief to the Muscovites, or persecute their own christian Burnet. Own Time, an. 1697.

The partial papists would infer from hence Their church, in last resort, should judge the sense. Dryden. Religio Laici. A child that is just learning to speak, calls every person who comes to the house its papa, or its mama; and thus bestowes upon the whole species those names which it had been taught to apply to two individuals. Smith. Formation of Languages.

The progress of the papal policy, long actuated by the steady counsels of successive pontiffs, took deeper root, and was at length in some places with difficulty, in others never yet, extirpated.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 8.

Let us therefore now take a view of the laws in force against the papists; who may be divided into three classes, persons professing popery; popish recusants convict; and popish priests. Id. Ib. c. 4.

PAPELARD. Į Fr. Papelard, papelardie, PA'PELARDY. Spapelard; perhaps from the Lat. Palpare, to touch gently, and hence-to caress, to flatter.

A flatterer, dissembler, hypocrite.
The papelarde, that him yeeldeth so,
And woll to worldly ease go,
And saith that he the world hath left,
And greedily it gripeth eft,
He is the hound, shame is to saine,
That to his casting goeth againe.

Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose, v. 7233.

For labour might me neuer please
I haue more wil to ben at ease
And haue well leuer, soth to say
Before the people patter and pray
And wry me in my foxery
Under a cope of papelardy.

PA'PER, n.
PA'PER, V.
PA'PYREAN, adj.

Id. Ib. v. 6797.

Gr. Пanuрos; Lat. Papyrus; Fr. Papier; It. Papiro; Sp. Papel. See the quotation from Pliny below, and in v. Parchment. To paper, to cover or infold in paper; to in

Id. Ib.

Thus clome he vp from one degree to an other tyll he got the papacy, wherein he wroughte suche wonders as did his predecessors.-Bale. English Votaries, pt. ii.

At whose request the whole consistorye of the college of Rome sent thither Lawrence Campeius a prest Cardinall, a man of great wit & experience, but more learned in yo papal

law then in deuinitie.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 20.

Yea, if all thynges muste be persolued, that hathe bene promysed in papisme, than must king Johās most iniurious & hurtful vowe, be also fulfilled in al his successours. Bale. Apologie, p. 83. Lykewyse in the papistik chirche, what a multitude & variete is there of laudable in syghte ceremonis. Joye. Eposicion of Daniel, c. 7. Fyrst it may be that many of thys oure churche and congregation, shall trayueil into some papistical countrey, who oght greatly nowe to be in a readines & armed to batel.

Caluine. Fovre Godlye Sermons.

Lete all men marke your good handelynge of S. Agustyne here, to proue by hys sayinges that it is good to vowe papystry, and great synne to breake a vowe of that kynde. Pale. Apologie, p. 79. And pope Clement was redy in his chambre of consystorie, syttyng in his chayre of papalyte. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 160. By the death of the other two, the conclave hath received little alteration; though Mondovio were papable, and a great soggetto in the list of the foresters.

Reliquia Wottoniana, p. 707.

[They are] no less divided in their profession than we and the papalins.-Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 320.

They feeling the ax of God's reformation, hewing at the old and hollow trunk of papacy, and finding the Spaniard their surest friend, and safest refuge, to sooth him up in his dream of a fifth monarchy, and withal to uphold the decrepit papalty, haue inuented this super politick aphorism, as one terms it, one pope, and one king.

Millon. Of Reformation in England, b. ii.

Whan this was said, with paper she sat doun,
And in this manner made her testament.
Chaucer. The Complaint of Creseide.

Upon a thicke palfry, paper white,
With saddle redde, embrouded with delite,
Of gold the barres, vp enbosed high,
Sate Dido.

Id. The Legend of Dido. For all the tyme betwene hys death and the proclamacion wryting alone, albeit that it had bene in paper and scribeled proclaimyng, coulde skant haue suffyced vnto the bare

furthe in haste at aduenture.-Hall. Edw. V.

He makes vp the file

And from whence,

In a small chamber was my office done,
Where blinks through paper'd panes, the setting sun.
Crabbe. Parish Register.

Thus the Foundation-principle of peripateticism runs but parallel to an acknowledg'd nothing: and their agreement in essential characters makes rather an identity then a parity.-Glanvill. Vanity of Dogmatizing, c. 16.

The same horrid and savage courage appears in his [Statius's] Capaneus, Tydeus, Hippomedon, &c. They have a parity of character, which makes them seem brothers of one family.-Pope. Homer. Iliad, Pref.

The nature of merit consists properly in exchange: and that we know must proceed according to a parity of worth on both sides, commutation being most properly between things equivalent.-South, vol. iii. Ser. 2.

The par is a certain number of pieces of the coin of one country, containing in them an equal quantity of silver to that in another number of pieces of the coin of another country: v. g. supposing thirty-six skillings of Holland to have just as much silver in them as twenty English shillings, Locke. Farther Considerations on Money.

In poetry and other pieces of imagination, the same parity may be observed.-Burke. Sub. & Beaut. On Taste, Introd. PA'RABLE, n. PA'RABLE, V. PARABOLICAL.

Fr. Parabole ; It. Parabola; Sp. Parabola; Lat. Parabola ; Gr. Παραβολη from παραβαλλειν, to cast against; to place or bring together; to confer; and hence, rapaßoλn, a parable,—

PARABOLICALLY.

A collation or comparison; and, with the Evangelists, a similitude or allegory.

And in manye suche parablis he spak to hem the word, as thei myghten here, and he spak not to hem withoute parable, but he expownede to hise disciplis alle thingis bi himsilf.-Wiclif. Mark, c. 4.

And eke the paraboles of Salomon.

Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 6261. The holye scripture hath her figure and historye, her misterye, and verite, her parable and playne doctrine. Bale. Image, pt. i. For nothing can be more vncertaine, or more parabolicall, and vnsensible, then to saie, &c. Fox. Martyrs, p. 1285. Queen Mary, an. 1554. And of matrimonial love, no doubt but that was chiefly meant, which by the ancient sages was thus parabl'd. Milton. The Doctrine of Divorce, b. i. c. 6.

At which expression (Luke xii. 37.) you will the less admire, if you consider, that besides that it is parabolical, and probably hyperbolical, and therefore not to be taken in a strict sense.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 287.

Which words, (Cant. viii) notwithstanding parabolically intended, admit no literal inference, and are of little force in our translation, I raised thee under an apple-tree, &c. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. vii. c. 1. The psalm, being in itself a plain narrative of facts, can contain nothing parabolical or enigmatical in it. Horne. On Psalm 78.

PA'RABLE. Fr. Parable; Lat. Paralilis; from parare, to procure.

That may be procured.

PARA'DE, n.

A place where exhibition or display may be made; to the--

Position or attitude, state or condition, of those so prepared, for show, ostentation, &c.

And from their ivorie port the cherubim
Forth issuing at th' accustom'd hour stood arm'd
To their night watches in warlike parade.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iv.

Churchill. The Ghost, D. ii.

Smart, Fab. 8.

I value not thy gasconading, Nor all thy alamode parading. PA'RADIGM. Gr. Пapaderyua, from PARADIGMATICAL. παραδεικνυμι, I show or exPARADIGMATIZE, v. hibit, nearly or near to, (sc.) as a thing to be imitated.

A pattern, example, model.

Those ideas in the divine understanding, being look'd apon by these philosophers, as the paradigms and patterns of all things.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 388.

Those virtues that put away quite and extinguish the first motions, are paradigmatical, that is, virtues that make us answer to the paradigm, or idea of virtues exactly, viz. the intellect of God.-More. Song of the Soul, Notes.

When these controversies now depending are at end, there is no one question concerning any line in those books so paradigmatized by you, or in any piece of divinity wherein I understand ought, but you or any man shall for the least asking have the full sense of-Hammond. Works, vol.i. p.197.

PA'RADISE. Gr. Пapadeiros; Lat. PaPARADISIACAL. radisus Fr. Paradis; It. PARADI'SIC. Paradiso; Sp. Parayso. The word was applied by the Greeks to an enclosure for wild beasts; but by the Persians (Xenophon, Mem. lib. v.) to gardens, in which were put every good and beautiful production of the earth. Christian Theology, to

In

The gardens in which Adam and Eve were placed; more generally to

A place, a state or condition of excessive happiness.

Of marble is the stone & putreeid ther he lies,
The soule to God is gone, to the ioye of paradis, amen.
R. Brunne, p. 341.
To him that ouercometh I schall gyue to ete of the tree of
lyf that is in the paradys of my God.-Wiclif. Apocal. c. 2.
To hym that ouercometh, will I geue to eate of the tree of
lyfe, which is in the middest of the paradice of God.
Bible, 1551. Ib.

So on he fares, and to the border comes,
Of Eden, where delicious Paradise,
Now nearer, crowns with her enclosure green,
As with a rural mound, the champain head
Of a steep wilderness.-Millon. Paradise Lost, b. iv.

The narration that follows shall instruct you and forewarn you of those evil courses whereby man looses that measure of paradisiacal happinesse God estates him in, even while he is in this world.

More. Defence of the Moral Cabbala, c. 2. s. 8. But particularly to describe and point at this paradisiacal residence, can be done only by those that live in those serene regions of lightsom glory. Glanvill. Pre-existence of Souls, c. 14. How was this executed? he did eat, but in the day he did eat, he did not actually die, but was turned out of Paradise from the tree of life, and shut out for ever from it, lest he should take thereof and live for ever.

Locke. The Reasonableness of Christianity.

Yet ah! why should they know their fate?
Since sorrow never comes too late,

PARADOX.

PARADOXAL.

PARADOXICAL.

PARADOXICALLY. PARADOXICALNESS. PARADOXO'LOGY.

Fr. Paradoxe; It. Paradosso; Sp. Paradoxo; Lat. Paradoxum; Gr. Пaράδοξον ; παρα, against, and doga, opinion.

Any thing-a thought, an opinion-differing from, or contrary to, the common opinions; an extraordinary, a singular thought or proposition.

Wherein first may be ioyned this issue, that this monstrous paradoxe of transubstantiation was neuer induced or receiued publickely in the churche, before the time of the Laterane Councell, vnder Pope Innocentius the 3. an. 1216. or at the most before ye time of Lanfrancus, the Italian Archbishop of Cant. 1070. Fox. Martyrs, p. 1038. Hen. VIII. To answer this question distinctly, and dissipate these grosse erroneous paradoxes; we must distinguish. Prynne. Treachery & Loyalty, pt. iii. p. 115. The assertion, I confess, cannot but seem paradoxical at first sight, even to the ingenious and judicious. More. Immortality of the Soul, Pref. p. 3. Froom, after our old mother language, signifies fair, as that paradoxal Becanus in exposition of the Egyptian Pyramis in Herodotus, would by notation teach us.

Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 3. Selden. Illustrations.

How worthy are they to smart, that marre the harmony of our peace, by the discordous jars of their new paradoxall conceits.-Bp. Hall. The Peace Maker, s. 21.

If their vanity of appearing singular puts them upon advancing paradoxes, and proving them as paradoxically, they are usually laught at.-Collier. On Pride.

I will (saith he) declare mine own opinion first concerning these things, confirming it with probabilities, as much as cainess thereof.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 219. possibly I can, aiding and assisting the truth and paradoxi

Whoever shall indifferently perpend the exceeding difficulty, which either the obscurity of the subject, or unavoidable paradoxology, must put upon the attempt, will easily discern a work of this nature is not to be performed on one legg.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, To the Reader.

A great part of the world reject them all, as absolute paradoxes, and contrary to reason, and we ourselves confess them to be above reason.-South, vol. ix. Ser. 8.

The mind begins to boggle at immaterial substances, as things paradoxical and incomprehensible. Id. Ib. vol. ix. Ser. 3. Cicero ludicrously describes Cato as endeavouring to act in the commonwealth upon the school paradoxes, which exercised the wits of the junior students in the stoick philosophy.-Burke. On the French Revolution.

It is an observation which I think Isocrates makes in one of his orations against the sophists, that it is far more easy to maintain a wrong cause, and to support paradoxical opinions to the satisfaction of a common auditory, than to establish a doubtful truth by solid and conclusive arguments. Id. Vindication of Natural Society, Pref.

PA'RAGE. Fr. Parage; equality of birth or in blood, and henceBirth, parentage.

See DISPARAGE.

But fame, whiche goeth euery weye
To sondry reignes all aboute,

The great beautee telleth oute

Of such a mynde of hie parage.-Gower. Con. A. b. viii. Then al the other answered and sayd, we wyl do thus ;We byleue you, for ye are a mã in this towne of grete parage, and may do moche.-Berners. Froissart. Cron. vol. ii. c. 52. PARAGOGICAL. Gr. Пapaywyn, wapa, and aywyn, a drawing, from ay-ew, to lead or draw. A figure in Grammar, when a word is drawn out, produced, or lengthened by the addition of a syllable.

judges of Athens, and you may cite them to appear for cerThey urged you with a decree of the sage and severe hot-liver'd grammarians. tain paragogical contempts, before a capacious pedantry of

Milton. Animad. on the Remonst. Defence.

And happiness too swiftly flies.

Thought would destroy their paradise.

Hence we inherit such a life as this, Dead of itself to paradisic bliss.

go by or beyond, to surpass.

That which, any one who, surpasses, exceeds,

Cassio. Most fortunately: he hath atchieu'd a maid,. That paragons description, and wilde fame.

Shakespeare. Othello, Act ii. sc. 1.

Pandæmonium, citie and proud seate
Of Lucifer, so by allusion call'd,
Of that bright starr to Satan paragon'd.

Millon. Paradise Lost, b. X.

For hardie thing it is, to weene by might That man to hard conditions to bind; Or ever hope to match in equall fight Whose prowesse paragone saw never living wight. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 2. In arms anon to paragon the morn, The morn new-rising.-Glover. The Athenaid, b. xxviii. PA'RAGRAM. Gr. Παραγραμμα, somePARAGRAMMA'TIST. ( thing more than, different from, what is written; a change of what is written; (sc.) by which some witticism was effected.

I remember a country school-master of my acquaintance told me once, that he had been in company with a gentleman whom he looked upon to be the greatest paragrammatist among the moderns.-Spectator, No. 61.

And unless it be some smart pun, or elegant hyperbole, some striking paragram, or some arch and unexpected turn; in a word, unless it answers the character of true humour, as described in my dialogue on oratory, I desire you would do me the favour most vehemently to swear, that mine you are confident it is not.-Melmoth. Cicero, b. iv. Let. 18. PARAGRAPH, n. Fr. Paragraphe; It. PA'RAGRAPH, V. Paragrafo; Sp. Paragrafo, parafo; Gr. Пapaypapn, from rapa-ypapei, to write near or against; and applied to

}

A mark or notation written in the margin to point out a division in the continuity of the writing. Now applied to

A section or division in such continuity.

I call that by bookes and chapters, which the Greeke book divideth by chapters and paragraphes. Roger Ascham. Toxophilus, b. i. This large paragraph of Plotinus is not without some small truth in it, if rightly limited and understood. More. Immortality of the Soul, b. iii. c. 11. tendents deliver them to the greffier, or clerk, by whom The Duke of Orleans, Monsieur the Prince, and superinthey are to be allowed, that is paragraphed, in parchment. Evelyn. State of France. The King's secretaries must first allow and paragraph them, and then they are sealed.-Id. Ib.

PA'RAILLED, i. e. apparelled ;-Paraille ;

apparel.

Thise wormes, ne thise mothes, ne thise mites Upon my paraille fret hem never a del, And wost thou why? for they were used wel. Chaucer. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 6143. PARALLAX. Fr. Parallaxe; It. Paralasse; PARALLA'CTIC. Sp. Paralaxe; Gr. Пapuλλatis, differentia, from wapuλλuTTE, to differ, to vary. For the astronomical application, see the quotation from Ferguson.

And undeceived with the paralax
Of a mistaken eye of passion, know

By these mask'd outsides what the inward lacks.
Daniel. Musophilus.

And those learned mathematicians, by admitting of parallax and reflexions, deceived themselves and posterity.

Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 14. Selden. Illustrations. Thomas Digrey and John Dey, gentlemen and mathematicians, amongst us, have learnedly proved by parallactic doctrine, that it [a new star in Cassiopeia] was in the celestiall, not in the elementary region. Holland. Camden. Elizabeth, an. 1572.

411. The parallax of the sun, moon, or any planet, is the distance between its true and apparent place in the heaven the true place of any celestial object, referred to the starry heaven, is that in which it would appear if seen from the centre of the earth; the apparent place is that in which it appears as seen from the earth's surface.

Ferguson. Astronomy, vol. ii. c. 23.

I cannot analyse the air, nor catch
The parallax of yonder lum'nous point,
That seems half quench'd in the immense abyss.