In the meane time his sonne tooke vpon him foorthwith the administration of the empiere, went into Italie with an armie, would not surrender the state which he liked wel.

Jewell. Defence of the Apologie, p. 419.

In wretched prison long he did remaine,
Till they out-raigned had their utmost date,
And then therein resized was againe,
And ruled long with honorable state,
Till he surrendred realme and life to fate.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 10.

Count Gondomar was on his way to Flanders, and thence to England (as they say) with a large commission to treat for a surrender of the Palatinate, and so to piece matters together again.-Howell, b. i Let. 10.

So spake our general mother, and with eyes
Of conjugal attraction unreprov'd.

And meek surrender, half imbracing leand
On our first father.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iv.

There could not be a better pawn for the surrendry of the Palatinate, than the Infanta in the Prince's arms, who could never rest till she did the work, to merit love of our nation. Howell, b. i. Let. 26.

If we do not surrender our wills to the overtures of his goodness, we must submit our backs to the strokes of his anger.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 4.

I then ordered a musquet to be fired over their heads, as the least exceptionable expedient to accomplish my design, hoping it would either make them surrender, or leap into the water-Cook. First Voyage, b. ii. c. 1.

The greatest resemblance of all lies in this-the neverfailing protection and support afforded by the husband to the wife; and the abstraction of the affections from all other objects on the part of the wife, and the surrender of her whole heart and mind to the husband.

SURRE PTION. SURREFTITIOUS. SURREPTITIOUSLY. away, under (sc. cover).

Bp. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 8. Fr. Subreption, subreptif; Lat. Sur-ripere (sub, and rapere), to seize or take

Surreptitious,-taken under (sc.) cover or concealment; privily, by stealth, by fraud; taken | fraudulently.

And if it shall to you appear, that any such apostolical dispensations shall be sufficient, effectual, and valid or invalid, ineffectual, unsufficient, surreptitious or arreptitious, or on any account null and void, such you shall pronounce and declare finally that they are, and ought to be held. State Trials. 19 Hen. VIII. an. 1528. Divorce of Catharine of Arragon.

How be it a sodē surrepticious delyte, cast by the diuel into the sensual parte, is no sinne at all, but may be matter of merite.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1278.

He which otherwise dies, comes by surreption and stealth, and not warrantably unto his end.

Hales. Rem. A Ser. of Duels.

C. I told you, frailties and imperfections, and also sins of sudden surreption, and those that by daily incursion, continual import-unity, at some one time gained in upon us, (so they were as suddenly taken and repented of) were reconcileable with a regenerate state.

Hammond. Works, vol. ii. p. 23.

Since that no labour was, nor any hand
Would offer to inuade Vlysses house,
To take or touch with surreptitious
Or violent hand, what there was left for vse.

Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. xxi.

In the strait progress to heaven, I call that an infallible sign of a great grace, and indeed the greatest degree of a great grace, when a man is prepared against sudden invasions of the spirit, surreptitious and extemporary assaults. Bp. Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 15.

It is with pleasure I hear that you have procured a correct copy of the Dunciad, which the many surreptitious ones have rendered so necessary. Pope. The Dunciad, Let. to the Publishers.

I freely confess to you, that I was troubled and discouraged by having had the number of the first books that I writ, lessened by more than one, that were surreptitiously got away from me.-Boyle. Works, vol. vi. p. 37.

Besides, the author of the Letters was well known to all LB's friends; the title-page of this surreptitious edition tells us, they were written by a person of quality.

Warburton. Lett. to the Edit. of Spirit of Patriotism. SURROGATE, v. Į Fr. Surroguer,and SubSURROGATION. roguer. See SUBROGATE. Surrogate is a common name for an officer in the ecclesiastical courts. The 128 Constit. is entitled "The Quality of Surrogates."

But this earthly Adam failing in his office, the heavenly was surrogated in his roome, who is able to save to the utmost.-More. Pref. General.

VOL. IL

This St. Peter gives as the reason why there should be a surrogation and new choice of an apostle to succeed into the room of Judas the traytor, viz. That he might be a witness with them of the resurrection.—Killingbeck, Ser. 120.

SUR-ROUND, v. Fr. Surronder, q.d. superrotundare. See ROUND.

To carry or bear round; to encircle, to encompass, to environ; to circumscribe.

So numberless were those bad angels seen
Hovering on wing under the cope of hell
'Twixt upper, nether, and surrounding fires.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.

But cloud in stead, and ever-during dark
Surrounds me, from the chearful wayes of men
Cut off. Id. Ib. b. ii.

Now each relay a sev'ral station findes,

Ere the triumphant train, the copps surrounds;
Relayes of horse, long breath'd as winter windes,
And their deep cannon-mouth'd experienc'd hounds.
Davenant. Gondibert, b. i. c. 2.

The course you steer I worthy blame conclude,
But 'tis because you leave it unpursu'd.

A monarch's crown with fate surrounded lies,
Who reach, lay hold on death that miss the prize.
Dryden. Absalom & Achilophel.

It is therefore very probable, that what Bouree took for land, was nothing but mountains of ice, surrounded by loose or field ice.-Cook. Second Voyage, b. i. c. 2.

SUR-SANURE. Fr. Sur, and sain, healing

over.

Tyrwhitt calls it a wound healing outwardly only.

And wel ye knowe that of a sursanure
In surgerie is perilous the cure.

Chaucer. The Frankeleines Tale, v. 1166. My wound abideth like a sursanure.

Id. The Floure of Courtesie. SUR-TOUT. A robe or vesture worn over (sur) every thing else (tout).

That garment best the winter's rage defends,
Whose ample form without one plait depends;
By various names in various counties known,
Yet held in all the true surtout alone;
Be thine of kursey firm, though small the cost,
Then brave unwet the reign, unchill'd the frost.
Gay. Trivia, b. i.
SURVENE, v. Fr. Survenir. See To SUPER-

Ye fathers and ye mothers eke also, Though ye han children, be it on or mo, Your is the charge of all hir surveance, While that they ben under your governance. Beth ware, that by ensample of your living, Or by your negligence in chastising, That they ne perish.-Chaucer. Doctoures Tale, v.12,029. Sturmius is he, out of whom the trew survey, and whole workemanship, is speciallie to be learned.

Ascham. The Scholemaster, b. ii. The surveyors are diuers, one more principal: they surucy the queenes lands within the dutchy. Smith. Commonwealth, b. iii. c. 6. And yet would I, no entrie make; but staid Alone without the heauen; and thence suruaid From out a loftie watche toure raised there, The countrie round about.

Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. x. — I will not use my sword

On thee or any, for a wench: unjustly though thou tak'st The thing thou gav'st; but all things else, that in my ship thou mak'st

Greedy survey of, do not touch without my leave.
Id. Iliad, b. i.

You that are God's surveyers and can shew
How far and when, and why the wind doth blow;
Know all the charges of the dreadfull thunder,
And when it will shoot over, or fall under.

F. Beaumont, The Honest Man's Fortune.

1873

Wherevpon shortlie after there were chosen by his aduise seuen ancient personages, men of good conscience and great experience, which were appointed to be surueiors of the whole countrie.

Holinshed. Historie of Scotland. Fergusius, an. 3640. It is the most vile, foolish, absurd, palpable and ridiculous escutcheon, that ever this eye survis'd. B. Jonson. Every Man out of his Humour.

It chaunced after upon a day,

The husbandman selfe to come that way,
Of custome for to survewe his grounde.

Spenser. The Shepheard's Calender. February.

That turrets frame most admirable was,
Like highest heaven compassed around,
And lifted high above this earthly masse,
Which it survewd as hils doen lower ground.

Id. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 9. Like those who have survey'd the moon by glasses, can only tell of a new and shining world above us, but not relate the riches and glories of the place.

Dryden. The State of Innocence, Ded.

I thought that the first step towards satisfying several inquiries, the mind of man was very apt to run into, was to take a survey of our own understandings, examine our own powers, and see to what things they were adapted. Locke. Hum. Underst. b. i. c. 1. But the truth of this doctrine will further appear by the declaration and surveyal of those respects according to which Christ is represented the Saviour of men.

Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 39. After some surview of the state of the body, he is able to inform them.-Sanderson. Ser. p. 197.

Let observation with extensive view
Survey mankind from China to Peru;
Remark each anxious toil, each eager strife,
And watch the busy scenes of crowded life.

To over-live, to outlive; to live more than, more years than; years beyond; to exceed in duration or continuance of life.

The yeares of Nestor nothing were to his,
Ne yet Methusalem, though longest liv'd;
For he remembred both their infancis:
Ne wonder then if that he were depriv'd
Of native strength now that he them surviv'd.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 9. For now no more of Oeneus sonnes suruiu'd; they all were gone :

No more his royall selfe did liue, no more his noble sonne, The golden Meleager now, their glasses all were run. Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. ii.

And lay e're while a holocaust,

From out her ashie womb now teem'd,
Revives, reflorishes, then vigorous most

When most unactive deem'd,

And though her bodie die, her fame survives,

A secular bird ages of lives.-Milton. Samson Agonistes,

The returne of my Iou'd sire

Is past all hope; and should rude Fame inspire

From any place, a flattering messenger

With newes of his suruiuall; he should beare
No least beliefe off, from my desperate loue.

Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. 1.

Sir Thomas More and our best chroniclers make it doubtful whether those two princes were so lost in king Richard's living many years after his death: that might be enough to time, or no; and infer that one of them was thought to be acquit him: which opinion I like the better, because it mentioneth the survivance but of one of them.

Sir G. Buck. Hist. of Rich. III. (1646.)

The people will remaine vncertaine, whil'st
'Twixt you there's difference: but the fall of either
Makes the suruiuor heyre of all.

Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act v. sc. 5. The saint-like manner of this excellent person's passage from the world being as exemplary and conducing to the uses of survivers as the notice of his life. Fell. Life of Hammond, p. 29.

Why this unmanly rage? recal to mind
Whom you forsake, what pledges leave behind.
Look if your hapless father yet survive ;
Or if Ascanius, or Creusa, live.

Dryden. Virgil. Æneis, b. il
But be it so that death shall bring thee peace,
That here thy sorrows and thy toils shall cease.
Death is what man should wish. But oh! what fate,
Shall on thy wife, thy sad survivor wait!

Rowe. Lucan. Pharsalia, b. vill 11 F

Christ's soul survived the death of his body: therefore shall the soul of every believer survive the body's death. Bp. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 20. After a stay of more than two months at Concordia, their number was diminished nearly one half by sickness, in consequence of the fatigue and hardship which they had suffered by the shipwreck, and the survivors were sent in a small vessel to Europe.-Cook. First Voyage, b. iii. c. 9.

From the same principle also arises the remaining grand incident of joint-estates; viz. the doctrine of survivorship: by which two or more persons are seised of a joint estate, of inheritance, for their own lives, or pur auter vie, or are Jointly possessed of any chattel interest, the entire tenancy upon the decease of any of them remains to the survivors, and at length to the last survivor; and he shall be entitled to the whole estate, whatever it be, whether an inheritance or a common freehold only, or even a less estate.

Blackstone. Commentaries, b. ii. c. 12. But as to any interesting speculations concerning its state of survivorship, 'tis plain they had none.

Warburton. Divine Legation, b. v. s. 6.

SUSCEPTIBLE.

SUSCEPTIBILITY.

SUSCEPTION.

SUSCEPTIVE.

SUSCEPTIVITY.

SUSCEPTOR.

SUSCIPIENT, adj. SUSCIPIENT, n.

Fr. Susceptible; It. Suscettibile; Sp. Susceptible; Lat. Suscipere, to undertake, (sub, and capere.)

Susceptible, that may

be undertaken; used actively, as susceptive,

That can or may undertake; capable, able to take, or receive, or admit: emphatically, predisposed to admit or receive, (sc.) feelings or sensations; sensitive.

[Our late soveraign] taking him into his regard, taught him more and more to please himself, and moulded him (as it were) Platonically, to his own idea; delighting first in the choice of the materials, because he found him susceptible of good form.-Reliquiæ Wottonianæ, p. 163.

The state and several motions and influences of the heavenly bodies is that providential law wherein they were created, and according to which they are governed; and the susceptibility of those influences, and the effects thereof, and of that motion, is the general providential law, whereby other physical beings are governed in relation thereunto. Hale. Origin. of Mankind, p. 35. When the Jews being warned by the sermons of the Baptist repented of their sins, they confessed their sins to John in the susception of baptism.

Bp. Taylor. Holy Dying, c. 5. § 5. And upon this account, namely, that man is not only an intellectual creature, but also hath liberty of will, he becomes a creature properly susceptive of a law, and capable of rewards and punishments.-Hale. Origin. of Mankind, p. 367.

In our church those who are not secular persons, are not forbid to be godfathers, (as in the church of Rome) nor are any susceptors supposed to contract any affinity, as that such an undertaking should hinder marriage betweene the sponsors and the persons baptized, if otherwise it be lawful."

Puller. Moderation of the Church of England, p. 281. The next order of mercies is such which is of so pure and unmingled constitution, that it hath at first no regard to the capacities and dispositions of the receivers, and afterwards, when it hath, it relates only to such conditions, which it self creates and produces in the suscipient; I meane the mercies of the divine predestination.-Bp. Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 26.

Let not the holy sacrament be administred to dying persons, when they have no use of reason to make that duty acceptable, and the mysteries effective to the purposes of the soul. For the sacraments and ceremonies of the gospel operate not without the concurrent actions and moral influence of the suscipient.-Id. Holy Dying, c. 5. § 5.

This is the time most susceptible of lasting impressions: and though those relating to the health of the body are by discreet people minded and fenced against, yet I am apt to doubt, that those which relate most peculiarly to the mind, and terminate in the understanding or passions, have been much less heeded than the thing deserves.

Locke. Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 33. The willing susception and the cheerful sustenance of the cross, is indeed the express condition, and the peculiar character of our Christianity.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 32.

Our best days do first pass away, was truly said; the nearer to its source our life is, the purer it is from stain, the freer from clogs, the more susceptive of good impressions, the more vivid and brisk in its activity.-Id. vol. iii. Ser. 17.

It incenses the people (hugely susceptive of provocation) with a sense of notable injury done, and contempt cast upon it. Id. vol. i. Ser. 29.

Nor can we have any idea of matter, which does not imply a natural discerpibility and susceptivity of various shapes and modifications: i.e. mutability seems to be essential to it.-Wollaston. Religion of Nature, § 5.

[God] likewise effecting miracles superiour, or contrary to the law and course of nature, without any preparatory Lispositious induced into the suscipient matter. Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 12.

SUSPECT, v.
SUSPECT, adj.
SUSPECT, n.
SUSPECTEDLY.
SUSPECTEDNESS.

SUSPECTER.
SUSPECTFUL.
SUSPECTLESS.
SUSPE'CTION.
SUSPECTIOUSNESS.
SU'SPICABLE.
SUSPICIENCY.
SUSPICION.
SUSPICIOUS.
SUSPICIOUSLY.
SUSPICIOUSNESS.

To confide, to trust.

Here maistres divineth

And haveth suspecion to be saf.-Piers Plouhman, p. 303. Of the whiche ben brought forth envies, stryues, blasfemyes, yuele suspiciouns. &c.—Wiclif. 1 Tymo, c. 6. For out of doute this olde poure man Was ever in suspect of hire mariage.

Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale, v. 8717. Now it is time shortly that I Tell you something of Jelousie, That was in great suspection.-Id. Rom. of the Rose. Suspecious was the diffame of this man, Suspect his face, suspect his word also, Suspect the time in which he this began.

Id. The Clerkes Tale, v. 8416.

Like to our time, wherin hath broken out The hidden harme that we suspected least, Wombed within our walles and realme about, As Grekes in Troy where in the Grekeish beast. Vncertaine Auctors. Of the Troubled Commonwealth, &c. He [Sir Henre Spencer] caused many noble men and other to be put to deth without iustice or lawe, bicause he held them suspect to be agaynst hym.

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 8.

They were wel likely to put such as should se to the repressing of heresies, in dout and feare of infamy, and to be had among the people as folke suspect of myssehandelynge good folke and of cruelty.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 938.

It is very perillous, that spiritual men should haue authoritie to arrest a man for every light suspeccion, or complaynt of heresie. Id. Ib. p. 917.

And then this boone to craue, that vnder your protection, They might be bolde to enter here, deuoyd of all suspection. Gascoigne. Deuise of a Maske for Viscount Mountacute. Shortlye after he & also his wyfe dyed, and not without suspeccyon of venym.-Fabyan. Chronycle, c. 124.

Whan they herde it they studyed a lytell: than the duke sayde, syr, wheron do ye muse? se you any suspectiousness in this mater? I pray you shewe me or I sende the money. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 167.

And then whä he was so clerely conuicted by so many so honeste and so farre from all suspicio of corruption, it were peraduenture a thinge not conuenient, after those witnesses published, to bring pues [proofs] a freshe vpon the principall mater.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 211.

That few good flowers can thriue, vnlesse they be protected, Or garded from suspitious blastes, or with some proppes erected.-A. W. In Commem. of Gascoigne's Poesies. For where as there had ben certaine lynnen clothes pilfred awaye that were hanginge on an hedge, and sir Thomas Hitton was walking not far of suspiciously in the meditacion of his heresies: the people dowting that ye beggarly knaue had stolen the clowtes, fell in question with hym and, serched him.--Sir T. More. Workes, p. 345.

And they both dyed suspeciously; wherfore dyners parsones were put to blame after priuely.

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 21.

Yea, if your case be true, quoth he; but herein we will charge your honours and consciences whether the fact be so or no? for your grace shall understand, that I talked in the matter so suspiciously, as though such an invasion had been made, and that you would require common enmity. Burnet. Records, pt. ii. b. i. No. 39.

Now to make my estate known, seemed again impossible, by reason of the suspiciousness of Dametas, Mise and my young mistress Mopsa: for Dametas, according to the coostitution of a dull head, thinks no better way to shew himself wise, than by suspecting every thing in his way.

Sidney. Arcadia, b. il.

Estif. Sir, you must pardon me,

Women of our sort, that maintain fair memories,
And keep suspect off from their chastities.
Had need wear thicker vails.

Beaum. & Fletch. Rule a Wife and have a Wife, Act i. sc. L
Their harts she ghesseth by their humble guise
And yieldes her to extremitie of time:
So from the ground she fearelesse doth arise,
And walketh forth without suspect of crime.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 6
That thou art blam'd shall not be thy defect,
For slander's mark was ever yet the fair;
The ornament of beauty is suspect,
A crow that flies in heaven's sweetest air.

Shakespeare, Son. 70. Who out of false suspect was by her brother slain. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 24.

- Thy curiosity Makes thee lesse car'd for at my hands, and horrible the

end

Shall make thy humor. If it be what thy suspects intend,
What then? tis my free will it should: to which, let way
be given
With silence.

Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. 1.

[They] have either undiscernibly as some, or suspectedig as others, or declaredly as many, used such addittaments to their faces, as they thought most advanced the beauty or comeliness of their looks.

Bp. Taylor. Artificial Handsomeness, p. 93.
Some of Hippocrates' aphorisms transplanted into our
nations, by losing their lustre, contract a supectedness.
Robinson. Eudora, (1658,) p.95.
Wherever I shall find a fool, a false man,
One that n'ere knew the worth of polish'd vertue;
A base supecter of a virgin's honour,

A child that flings away the wealth he cri'd for,
Him will I call Demetrius.

Beaum. & Fletch. Humorous Lieutenant, Act iv. se. §. Whence to include the whole nation, and those that never yet thus offended, under such a diffident and suspectful prohibition, may plainly be understood what a disparagement it is.-Milton. Of Unlicensed Printing.

Ar. I have broke the ice boyes:

I have begun the game, fair fortune guide it, Suspectless have I travell'd all the town through, And in this merchants shape won much acquaintance. Beaum. & Fletch. The Island Princess, Act ii. sc. 1. But it is a very suspicable business that he means no more then empty space by it More. Defence of the Moral Cabbala, App. Thus much concerning the first sort of obedience which is absolutely perfect; it is not attainable by Christians in this life, and therefore the want of it should not deject us with a suspiciency of the want of grace.-Hopkins, Set. 14.

There is no better way to moderate suspicions, than to account upon such suspicions as true, and yet to bridle them, as false, for so farre, a man ought to make use of suspicions, as to provide, as if that should be true, that he suspects, yet it may doe him no hurt.

Bacon. Ess. Of Suspicion. There was not a more suspicious man, nor a more stout; and in such a composition, they doe small hurt.—Id. Ib. These articles are managed too suspiciously.

Bp. Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 21
Thou know'st my son, how Joves revengeful wife,
By force and fraud, attempts thy brother's life.
And often hast thou mourn'd with me his pains;
Him Dido now with blandishment detains.
But I suspect the town where Juno reigns.

Dryden. Virgil. Esen, bi This makes it still more strongly suspicable, that it was really a design or policy of the devil, by imitating the mi racles of our Saviour Christ, both in Appollonius and Fespasian, to counter-work God Almighty in the plot of Christianity, and to keep up or conserve his own usurped tyranny in the Pagan world still.

Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 269.

SU'TILE.

SUTURE, N. SU'TURATED.

}

Fr. Suture; Lat. Sutura, a sewing or stitching. Sutilis,that may be sewed or sowed. Sown or stitched-performed by needle and thread.

These are by oculists called "orbitæ," and are each of them compounded of six several bones, which, being most conveniently suturated among themselves, do make up those curious arched chambers in which these lookers or beholders dwell; in which, and from which, they may be aptly said to perform their offices.-Smith. On Old Age, p. 93.

The next thing that offers itself for keeping the lips of the wound together are sutures.-Wiseman. Surgery, b. v. c. 1. Half the rooms are adorned with a kind of sutile pictures which imitate tapestry.-Idler, No. 14.

SUTTLER. Dut. Soeteler; Ger. Sudler, from Dut. Soetelen, Ger. Sudeln, sordida et vilia officia obire, to do mean and dirty offices; from Ger. Sul-en, to soil. See SOIL.

One who deals in small or mean things, (victuals and liquors in a camp.)

For setting on those with the luggage left,
A few poor suttlers with the camp that went,
They basely fell to pillage and to theft.

SWAB, or SWOB, V. SWA'BBER, Or SWO'BBER.

Drayton. Battle of Agincourt.

A. S. Swebban, or sweop-an, verrere, to sweep.

To sweep; generally, - to cleanse with a mop.

To swab the deck is a common nautical phrase.
Sings. The master, the swabber, the boute-swaine & I.
Shakespeare. The Tempest, Act ii. sc. 2.

Mar. Will you hoyst sayle sir, here lies your way.
Vio. No good swabber, I am to hull here a little longer.
Id. Twelfth Night, Act i. sc. 5.

Daw. Jolly gentleman,
More fit to be a swabber to the Flemish,
After a drunken surfeit.

Ford. Perkin Warbeck, Act i. sc. 1.

Art thou of Bethlem's noble college free?
Stark, staring mad, that thou would'st tempt the sea;
Cubb'd in a cabbin, on a mattress laid,
On a brown george, with lousy swobbers fed,
Dead wine, that stinks of the barrachio, sup
From a foul jack, or greasy maple-cup?

Dryden. Persius, Sat. 5.

SWAD, n. A. S. Swathil; Dut. SwaihSWA'DDLE, n. lel, swadel, from A. S. SwethSWA'DDLE, v. an, to swaddle, swathe, or SWA'DDLING, N. bind. See To SWATHE. To bind; to lash with a band or strap; to lash, to flog, to beat.

Swad,-perhaps one swathed, or as clumsy, lumpish, or inactive, as one swathed; as a child swaddled.

Swad, in the north of England, is still the common name for pod or shell of peas; the case or enclosure.

At last the Dutche with butterbitten jawes,
(For so he was a Dutche, a deuill, a swadde,
A foole, a drunkarde or a traytour tone)
Gan auns were thus.

Gascoigne. Voyage into Hollande, an. 1572.

Tell me yf one were in case that he muste bee fayne once or twise a day to swaddle and plaster his legge, and els he could not kepe his life, wouldest thou recken his legge sicke or whole ?-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 80.

Consider also that al our swadlynge and tending with warme clothes, and dayly medicines, yet ca our bodyes not bear themself, but that almost half our tyme euer in. xxiiii. houres we be fayne to fal in a swowne whiche we cal slepe.

Id. Ib.

And againe, to swadle a bowe much about with bandes, verye seldome doth anye good, excepte it be to keepe down A spell in the backe.-Ascham. Toxophilus, b. ii.

Three drunken swads that kept the castell thought that this showt was nought else but a dreame, till time they espied the walles full of armed men.

Holinshed. Chronicles of Ireland, an. 1534.

From thence a faery thee unweeting reft,
There as thou slepst in tender swadling band,
And her base elfin brood there for thee left:
Such, men do chaungelins call, so chaung'd by faeries
theft.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 10.

When Nature was most busy, the first week
Swadling the new-born earth, God seem'd to like
That she should sport herself sometimes and play,
To mingle and vary colours every day.
Donne. An Anatomy of the World, Anniv. 1.

And thee (O archer Phoebus) with waues cleere
Washt sweetly ouer, swadled with sincere
And spotlesse swath-bands; and made then to flow
About thy breast, a mantle, white as snow.

Chapman. Homer. A Hymne to Apollo.
Fred. You are both, believe me,
Two arrant knaves, and were it not for taking
So just an execution from his hands
You have bely'd thus, I would swcddle yo,
Till I could draw off both your skins like scabbards.
Beaum. & Fletch. The Captain, Act li. sc. 2.
There he in clothes is wrapp'd, in manger laid,
To whom too narrow swadlings are our spheres.

Drummond. Flowers of Sion. They immediately began to swaddle me up in my nightgown with long pieces of linnen, which they folded about me till they had wrapt me up in above an hundred yards of swathe.-Spectator, No. 90.

"No, no, say they, we like you very well as you are;" houses, and put to bed in all my swaddles.-Id. Ib. and upon that ordered me to be carried to one of their

The child does not try to throw off its swaddling cloaths without a judgement that the pressure it feels comes from them and that it may remove them by struggling. Search. Light of Nature, vol. i. pt. i. c. 2. SWAG, v. Perhaps from the A. S. Wag-an, SWA'GGY. to weigh, (qv.) and see SPEND. To weigh down; to sink or depress by weight or heaviness. See SWAY.

Because so laid, they [brick or squared stones] are more apt in swagging down, to pierce with their points, than in the jacent posture, and so to crevice the wall.

Reliquiae Wottonianæ, p. 20. Your Dane, your Germaine, and your swag-belly'd Hollander, [drinke hoa] are nothing to your English. Shakespeare. Othello, Act ii. sc. 3. The proper Latine word is Fiber and Castor, but borrowed from the Greek, so called quasi, yaors; that is, animal ventricosum, from his swaggy and prominent belly. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 4.

A ruffian is the same with a swaggerer, so called because endeavouring to make that side to swag or weigh down, whereon he ingageth. The same also with swash-buckler, from swashing, or making a noise on bucklers. Fuller. Worthies. London.

SWAGE. See SWAGGER, v. SWAGGER, n. SWA'GGERER.

SWAGGERING, n.

SUAGE.

Skinner says,-from the Dut. Swadderen, strepere, to make a noise; or from the A. S. Sweg-an, sonare, to sound; each formed from the sound. It may be from swag, to weigh; (see SWAG, and the quotation from Fuller;) applied to the bulk, the strut of a swaggy man; and then to the

Bluster; the bragging; the noisy bullying.

Take heede what guests you receiue: receiue (sayes hee) no swaggering companions. There comes none heere: You would blesse you to heare what he said. No, Ile no swaggerers.-Shakespeare. Hen. IV. Act ii. sc. 4.

The butcher is stout, and he values no swagger. Swift. Will Wood's Petition to the People of England, (1725.) It was Atheism openly swaggering, under the glorious appearance of wisdom and philosophy. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 61. After all the swaggering and confidence of disputers, there will be uncertainty in lesser matters: and when we travel in uncertain roads, 'tis safest to choose the middle. Glanvill, Ser. 2.

He chuck'd again, when other coins he found,
And scarcely deign'd to set a foot on ground,
But swagger'd like a lord about his hall.

SWAIN. SWA'INISH. SWA'INMOTE.

};

Dryden. The Cock and the Fox. Swain (Spelman, in v. Swainmote,) is the A. S. Swang, operarius, minister; and swang is from Swing-an, or swinc-an, to labour, to work. Hence, swain is, generally,

A labourer; a country labourer; one employed in husbandry, in rustic or pastoral labours; a rustic, a pastoral, a clownish youth; a youth.

After that Maximian our folk gan awei lede,
Al our knygtes and swaynes, and al oure gong hede,
And astored ther with other lond, alas! that deolful dede!
R. Gloucester, p. 99.
Forth went knyght & sueyn, & fote men alle in fere.
R. Brunne, p. 241.
Simond," (quod John) “nede has no pere.
Him behoves serve himself that has no swain,
Or elles he is a fool, as clerkes sain.

Chaucer. The Reves Tale, v. 4025.
Sire Thopas was a doughty swain,
White was his face as paindemaine
His lippes red as rose.

Id. The Rime of Sire Thopas ▼. 13,654.

My harte was high, I could not seeme to serue,
In regiment where no good rules remayne,
Where officers and such as well deserue,
Shall be abusde by euery page and swayne.

Gascoigne. The Fruites of Warre
And eke the gentle shepheard swaynes, which sat
Keeping their fleecy flockes as they were hyr'd,
She sweetly heard complaine both how and what
Her sonne had to them doen; yet she did smile thereat.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 6.
Which if ignoble and swainish minds cannot apprehend,
shall such merit therfore to be the censurers of more
generous and vertuous spirits ?-Milton. Colasterion.

Wherof not to be sensible when good and fair in one person meet, [it] argues both a gross and shallow judge. ment, and withal an ungentle, and swainish breast. Id. Apology for Smectymnuus.

A forest hath her court of attachments, swainmote court, where matters are as pleadable and determinable as at Westminster-Hall.-Howell, b. iv. Let. 16.

Then shine the vales, the rocks in prospect rise,
A flood of glory bursts from all the skies:
The conscious swains, rejoicing in the sight,
Eye the blue vault, and bless the useful light.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. ix. The court of sweinmote is to be holden before the verderors, as judges, by the steward of the sweinmote thrice in every year, the sweins or freeholders within the forest com posing the jury.-Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iii. c. 6.

SWALE, or A.S. Swal-an; Ger. Schwalen, SWEALE, v. accendere, inflammare. To kindle, to set on fire, to burn, (Somner.) We say the candle sweals when it blazes or burns too fast.

And the fourthe aungel schedde out his viol into the sunne, and it was ghouun to hym to turmente men with heete and fier: and men swailiden with greet heete. Wielif Apocalips, c. 16.

Sir Chorineus a flamyng brond from of the auitar caught,

And to Ebusus cumming fast, whilst he prepard to fight: Into his face the bronde he forst, his huge beard brent a light,

And sweated causd a stinke [1573; sweating made, 1620).
Phaer. Firgill Enerdar, l In

The sacred union of connubial love
Yet unaccomplish'd, his mysterious rites
Delay'd; nor has our hymeneal torch
Yet lighted up his last most grateful sacrifice;
But dash'd with rain from eyes, and sealed with sight,
Burns dim, and glimmers with expiring light.

Congreve. The Mourning Bride, Act ill SWALLOW. Dut. Swaeluwe, swaelm; Ger. Schwalbe; Sw. Swala; A. S. Swalewe. Wachter derives from swale, atrum, porticus; quia est avis atriaria, et in vestibulis nidificans Junias,from sualoth, æstus, the third pers. sing. of sweæl-an, urere (to swale, qv.) quia caloris æstivi, nuntia sit. Skinner, from A. S. Swegl: cœlum, quia altum volat: or from swey-an, sonare, from the loudness of its cry.

Perhaps so called from its mode of feeding. See the quotations from Chaucer and Pliny.

The swalow, murdrer of the bees small,
That maken honie of floures fresh of new.

Chaucer. The Assembly of Fowles.

Of all birds, the swallow flieth bias, and windeth in and out in his flight: hee is most swift of wing, and flieth with ease and therefore not so readie to be surprised and taken by other birds; he never feedeth but flying, and so deth no other bird besides.-Holland. Plinie, b. x. c. 24.

Who but the swallow triumphs now alone?
The canopy of heaven is all her own:
Her youthful offsprings to their haunts repair,
And glide along in glades, and skim in air,
And dip for insects in the purling springs,
And stoop on rivers to refresh their wings.

Dryden. The Hind and the Fanther, There are three opinions among naturalists concerning the manner the swallow tribe dispose of themselves after their disappearance from the countries in which they make their summer residence.

Pennant. British Zoology. The Swallow.

SWALLOW, v.) Dut. Swelgen; Ger. SchwerSWALLOW, n. Igen; Sw.Swalja, A. S. Swelean, vorare, devorare, glutire, deglutire. To swallow, seems to imply

To take in and sink; to receive and submerge » to absorb; to engulf, to englut, to receive or take in, and pass down, (the throat;) to seize voraciously or greedily; to devour, to consume; to take down as food, (met.) as truth.

Blynde lederis clensynge a gnatte but swalowynge a came!. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 23. Ye blynde gydes whiche strayne out a gnat and swalowe ■ cammell.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

"And what sowne is it like." quod he?
"Peter, lyke the beating of the see,"
Quod 1, against the rockes halow,
Whan tempests done her shippes swalow,"

Chaucer. The House of Fame, b. iii.

This Eneas is come to Paradise
Out of the swolowe of hell and thus in joy
Remembreth him of his estate in Troy.

Id. The Legende of Dido.

He after some auctours, put ii. of the sayd nayles in the brydell of his hors, whiche he vsed in batayll; and the thirde he caste or caused to be cast, as wytnessyth seynt Ambrose, in a swalowe of ye see called Mare Adriaticum, whiche swalowe was before that tyme so peryllous that vnnethes any shyp escapyd that daunger. Fabyan. Chronycle, c. 69. "And ev❜n our foes (whose proud and pow'rful might Would seem to swallow up our dignity) Shall not keep back the glory of our right."

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. vi.

As a tall ship tossed in troublous seas.
Whom raging windes, threathing to make the pray
Of the rough rockes, doe diversly disease,
Meetes two contrarie billowes by the way,
That her on either side doe sore assay,
And boast to swallow her in greedy grave.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 2.

[The gullet] in every creature well sized to the food it hath occasion to swallow; in some but narrow, in others as large and extensive; in all exceedingly remarkable for the curious mechanism of its muscles, and the artificial decussation and position of their fibres.

Derham. Physico-Theology, b. iv. c. 11.

Some have been made to swallow the most palpable absurdities under pretence that sense and reason are not to be trusted; others have denied facts verified by dayly experi ence because they could not conceive the manner wherein they were effected.

Search. Light of Nature, vol. i. pt. i. c. 14.

It is indeed very difficult to conceive how any thing which was not deposited here at its creation, or brought

hither by the diligence of man, could find its way to a place

so severed from the rest of the world, by seas of immense extent, except the hypothesis that has been mentioned on another occasion be adopted, and this rock be supposed to have been behind, when a large tract of country, of which it was part, subsided by some convulsion of nature, and was swallowed up in the ocean.-Cook. First Voyage, b. iii. c. 14.

But the health of the mind, as of the body, depends more upon the digestion than the swallow.

SWAMP, n. SWAMP, U. SWAMPY.

Tooke. Diversions of Purley, pt. ii. c. 6. The Goth. Swamms; A. S. Swam, fungus; Dut. Swamme; Ger. Schwamm; Sw. Swamp: a fungus, a sponge,-are considered by Lye to have given us our word. Swamp, a swampy place, locus spungiosus seu fungosus." It may not improbably have originated in the verb to swim,-a place swimmed, swammed, or swamt; i. e. floated or overflown with water.

The twelfth in the morning we crossed a deep river, passing over it on a tree, and marched 7 mile in a low swampy ground-Id. Ib. an. 1681.

To their great disappointment found it a swamp, covered with low bushes of birch, about three feet high, interwoven with each other, and so stubborn that they could not be bent out of the way; it was therefore necessary to lift the leg over them, which at every step was buried, ancle deep, in the soil.-Cook. First Voyage, b. i. c. 4.

Thus kings were first invented, thus kings Were burnish'd into heroes, and became The arbiters of this terraqueous swamp; Storks among frogs, that have but croak'd and died. Cowper. Task, b. v. A. S. Swan; Dat. Swaen; Ger. SWA'NNISH. Schwan Sw. Swan. Wachter derives from the Celtic Gwynn, albus; others from A. S. Scin-an, to shine; others again from

SWAN.

swimm-an, to swim.

Your duty is, as farre as I can gesse,
To loues court to dressen your viage,
As soone as nature maketh you to sage,
That ye may know a woman from a swan,
Or whan your foot is growen halfe a span.

She shulde stonde in suche degree,
As whilom stode a swan to fore,
Of that she had hir make lore,
For sorowe a fether in to hir brayne

She shoof, and hath hir selfe slayne.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.

Some say that the swans sing lamentably a little before their death, but untruly, I suppose: for experience in many hath shewn the contrarie.-Holland. Plinie, b. x. c. 23.

The swan with arched neck Between her white wings mantling proudly, rowes Her state with oarie feet.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vii. Bright empress, yet be pleased to peruse The swan-like dirges of a dying man.

Drayton. The Barons' Wars, b. vi. My swannish breast branch'd all with blue, In bravery like the spring: In winter to the general view Full summer forth should bring.

Id. The Muses' Elysium, Nymphal 1. Thus the idea which an Englishman signifies by the name swan, is white colour, long neck, red beak, black legs, and whole feet, and all these of a certain size, with a power of swimming in the water, and making a certain kind of noise. Locke. Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 23.

[Thy name, O Varrus] the wings of swans, and stronger pinion'd rhyme,

Shall raise aloft, and soaring bear above
Th' immortal gift of gratitude to Jove.

Dryden. Virgil, Past. 9. to steal them, though at large in a public river; and that it It is also said that if swans be lawfully marked it is felony is likewise felony to steal them, though unmarked, if in any private river or pond; otherwise it is only a trespass. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 17.

SWAP, or Swop, v. SWAP, n.

See SWAB and SWEEP, also SWOOP. Skinner suggests zwo, two, and fahen, to take. Lye,the A. S. Ceap-an, to cheap, to buy. To swap, or swop, is,

To sweep; to do any thing sweepingly, with a sweeping, swooping, action or motion all at once; to strike, to throw, to descend, to fall; to rush hastily, violently.

"A swop between two persons, is where, by the consent of the parties, without any delay, any proportion, something is swept off by each of reckoning or counting, or other adjustment of them," (Tooke.)

"But God of his mercy,
And you benigne fader tendrely
Hath don you kepe;" and in that same stound
Al sodenly she swapt adoun to ground.

Chaucer. The Clerkes Tale, v. 8972.
And said: "Who so wol nought do sacrifice,
Swap of his hed, this is my sentence here.

Id. The Second Nonnes Tale, v. 15,833. Whome when he sawe in such a slumber led, He stale the Cowe, and swapt of Argus hed."

Turbervile. Agaynst Ielous Heades, &c.

And they yt lye in a plewrosy, thinke that euery time they cough, they fele a sharpe sweorde swap them to the heart. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1256.

Theres no new fashion'd swap that e'er came up yet,
But I've the first on 'em, I thank 'em for't.

Beaum. & Fletch. The Nice Valour, Act fii.

Another out of breath with fear,
Says Thousands more near sea appear;
They'll swop our chicken from the door;
We never were so set before:
We're glad the eagle will forget,
And the invaders kill or beat."

King. The Eagle and the Robin.
Cleanthes scorn'd me,
And when I drove a thrust home as I could,
To reach his traytor heart, he put it by,
And cry'd, as in derision, Spare the stripling;
Oh that insulting word: I would have swopp'd
Youth for old age, and all my life behind,
To have been then a momentary man.

Dryden. Cleomenes, Act iv. And I think after all it would be very strange To give current money for base in exchange; Like a fine lady swapping her mole for the mange. Swift. Will Wood's Petition to the People of England. These had made a foolish swop between a couple of thick

bandy legs and two long trap-sticks that had no calves to

them.-Spectator, No. 529.

guard, to protect.

Sward (both as applied to the animal and to the earth) seems to denote the outside; the surface; the exterior covering.

They would use no other bucklers in war but shields of brawn, brandish no swords but swords of bacon.

Brewer. Lingua, Act ii. sc. 1.

And, for a haut goust, there was mix'd with these
The swerd of bacon, and the coat of cheese.

Cowley. The Country Mouse. Howbeit where the rocks and quarrie grounds are I take the swart of the earth to be so thin, that no tree of anie greatnesse, other than shrubs or bushes, is able to grow or prosper long therein for want of sufficient moisture wherewith to feed them with fresh humour.

Holinshed. Description of England, b. ii. c. 2. Wherby it commeth to passe also, that great plentie of water commeth betweene the new loose swart and the old hard earth.-Id. Ib.

SWARM, v. A. S. Swearm, swearm-ian; Dut. Swerm, swermen; SWARM, n. Ger. Schwarm, schwarmen; Sw. Swerma, errare; to wander; to wander in flocks, herds, in great numbers.

To be or cause to be, to move-in multitudes or great numbers; to crowd, cluster, assemble, or aggregate-together; to throng, press, or compress-together.

As many heds, as many wittes ben.
They murmured, as doth a swarme of been,
And maden skilles after hir fantasies,
Rehersing of the olde poetries.

Chaucer. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,517.
Gret was the prees, that swarmed to and fro
To gauren on this hors that stondeth so.—Id. Ib. v. 10,503.
For never yet so thicke a swarme of been
Ne flew, as Greekes from him gan fleen,
And through the field in every wightes care,
There was no crie, but Troilus is there.

Id. Troil. & Cres. b. il. The dokes crieden as men would hem quelle : The gees for fere flewen over the trees, Out of the hive came the swarme of bees, So hidous was the noise, a benedicite!

Id. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15,406. Thus as he spoke, loe! with outragious cry A thousand villeins rownd about them swarmd Out of the rockes and caves adioyning nye.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 9. And all the chamber filled was with flyes Which buzzed all about, and made such sound That they encombred all mens eares and eyes; Like many swarmes of bees assembled round After their hives with honny do abound.-Id. Ib. The bruit of this intended battle spread, The coldness of each sleeping courage warms, And in the French that daring boldness bred, Like casting bees, that they arise in swarms.

Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt.

The Trojans coop'd within their walls so long
Unbar their gates, and issue in a throng,
Like swarming bees, and, with delight survey
The camp deserted where the Grecians lay.

Dryden. Virgil. Æneis, b. ii.

But when the swarms are eager of their play, And loath their empty hives, and idly stray, Restrain the wanton fugitives, and take A timely care to bring the truants back. Id. Virgil. Georgics, b. iv. Seals swarm as thick about this island, as if they had no other place in the world to live in.

Dampier. Voyages, an. 1685. The banks promiscuous swarm'd with thronging troops, These on the flood embarking, those appear'd Crowding the adverse shore, already past.

SWART, adj. SWART, V. SWARTH. SWA'RTHY, adj. SWA'RTHY, V. SWA'RTHINESS. SWA'RTISH. SWA'RTY.

Warton, Ecl. 5. Goth. Swarts; A.S. Swaart; Dut. Swart, swert ; Ger. Schwaz; Sw. Swart.

Somner explains : Ater, pullus, fulvus, luridus, niger: black, dark, dusky, russet brown, pale, wan, black and blew." Holland renders lividior, Swert. Cowley uses, to swarthy (A. S. Sweartian, to blacken.) To swart is,— To blacken, to darken.