Domestic

Rev. Dr. J. H. Jowett, pastor of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church, New York city, returned October 1st on the HollandAmerican liner Nieuw Amsterdam, from a three months' holiday with his family in England and Scotland. Dr. Jowett said that Edinburgh was the darkest city at night that he visited, as there were no lights in the streets or showing from the houses. This was on account of the city's proximity to the sea.

Better mail service between the United States and neutral countries is promised by the British and French Governments in their notes delivered October 12th in reply to the American protest of May 24th last. against the seizure of American mails at Kirkwall and other points.

The American Society for the Relief of French War Orphans, organized in New York city, October 13th, and including many of the most prominent social and financial names in the country, will immediately raise $130,000,000 for the relief of orphaned children of French soldiers. The society is to be the practical expression of America's gratitude to France for her aid in the founding of this Republic at the time of the American Revolution, and of this country's sympathy for the suffering that war has brought on France.

The Rev. James Maclagan, of the Scotch Westminster Church, Chicago, has resigned, after a pastorate of sixteen years.

Firmin Swinnen, organist of the Antwerp Cathedral before the war began, has been engaged to play at a New York theatre. Mr. Swinnen arrived recently from England, where for eleven months he gave a series of organ recitals in churches and cathedrals for the Belgian Relief Fund, obtaining $30,000 for his stricken countrymen.

Thomas Mott Osborne resigned as warden of Sing Sing Prison, N. Y., October 9th. In his letter of resignation he bitterly attacked Governor Whitman and recent restrictions placed upon his "prison reforms" by the State Superintendent of Prisons.

Prof. Hughell E. W. Fosbroke, of the Episcopal Theological Seminary of Cambridge. Mass., has been elected Dean of the General Theological Seminary, one of the most influential offices in the Protestant Episcopal Church in America.

293

Orville Wright, upon the expiration of his fourteen-year monopoly in March, 1917, will present his valuable aeroplane patents free to British manufacturers without royalty. This gift of "practically his life's work" follows a liberal settlement made with the British Government at the beginning of the war for the use of the Wright patents on Government machines.

The registration in New York city enrolls 738,710 voters, a gain of 33,424 over 1912.

No liquor to dealers may be shipped over the Government railroad in Alaska. The prohibitive order is signed by the Alaska Engineering Commission.

At a convention of more than three hundred Old Time Telegraphers, held in New York city the last week of September, Mr. Homer Bates, who was President Lincoln's personal telegrapher during the Civil War, presided in place of Mr. Andrew Carnegie, who is president of the association. It was announced that Mr. Carnegie has contributed $150,000 toward the pension fund of the association.

Steel merchant vessels, building or under contract to be built, in private American shipyards on October 1, 1916, numbered 417, of 1,454,270 gross tons. On June 30, 1916, Lloyd's Register reported 439 steel merchant vessels of 1,540.118 gross tons under construction in British shipyards. The American returns, cover contracts on which work has not begun, while Lloyd's returns cover only ships on which construction has actually begun.

South Africa has become one of the best customers of the United States for locomotives and railway materials. The prohibitive preferential tariff of twenty-five per cent. in favor of British manufacturers has been removed and many contracts are being filled in this country.

Dr. Vi Kyuin Wellington Koo, Chinese Minister to the United States, has sent his resignation to the Chinese Foreign Office, giving ill health as the reason.

Pledges were announced for the full amount of the Vassar College million dollar endowment fund, October 9th, by President Henry Noble MacCracken. The fund was raised by the students, alumnae and friends of the college, the effort being begun at the time of the centennial celebration, in October, 1915, and being completed six months before the time set.

Eight thousand persons of all ages participated in the historical pageant in the Yale Bowl, October 21st, which marked the second day of the celebration of the two hundredth anniversary of the university. More than 40,000 persons witnessed the performance.

Rutgers College, New Brunswick, celebrated its one hundred and fiftieth anniversary, beginning October 13th with a historic pageant. The exercises lasted over several days and were participated in by Governor Fielder, President W. H. S. Demarest of Rutgers and noted educators from many colleges. More than 1,000 alumni attended the alumni dinner.

The University of Kentucky celebrated its fiftieth anniversary, October 15. Thousands of people were in attendance. Jubilee addresses of high order spoke of the growth of the institution. Dr. James K. Patterson (a born Scot), president emeritus, and president for forty-one years, was given a great ovation when he appeared. A portrait of Dr. Patterson presented to the university by the Alumni, was unveiled. Degrees were conferred on thirteen candidates, largely college presidents. Lexington, Ky., was beautifully decorated.

The inauguration of Dr. Ethelbert Dudley Warfield as president of Wilson College, Chambersburg, Pa., October 17, will long be remembered by the faculty, students, Alumni and friends of the college. President Hibben, of Princeton, N. J., gave the congratulatory address.

Hon. Andrew MacLean, editor of the Brooklyn Citizen, addressed the Brooklyn Philosophical Association, October 8th, on "The Social Aspect of the Eight-Hour Law."

The State Department, October 11th, accepted Ljoubomir Michailovitch as Serbian Minister to the United States. He was formerly Serbian Minister to Montenegro and will be the first diplomatic representative to this country from Serbia.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, will receive approximately $1,000,000 from the bequest of the late Harris Brisbane Dick, publisher and head of the old firm of Dick & Fitzgerald.

The Chinese Government concluded, October 1st, an agreement with the Siems-Carey Company, of St. Paul, Minn., financed by the American International Corporation, for the construction of more than 2,000 miles of railways. The probable cost of this work will be more than $100,000,000, and construction will begin immediately.

The interned German auxiliary cruisers, Kronprinz Wilhelm and Prinz Eitel Friedrich, were removed from the Norfolk Navy Yard to Philadelphia, September 29th, where they will be laid up for the remainder

of the war. The Prinz Eitel Friedrich went out under her own steam, while five tugs towed the Kronprinz Wilhelm.

Of the five ships sunk by the German submarine U-53 off Newport, October 8th, the sinking of the Stephano comes as a personal loss to several friends of THE CALEDONAN. The Red Cross Line has been a regular advertiser in THE CALEDONIAN for years and in July of this year the Editor made a delightful trip to Halifax and St. John's on the Stephano. Captain Clifton Smith and all the officers were exceedingly obliging and courteous. The Stephano was one of the strongest and most dependable coastwise boats out of New York and was comfortable and homelike in its appointments.

More than 400,000 seamen, from every part of the world, have been served in some way by the American Seamen's Friend Society, of 76 Wall Street, New York city, in the last year, according to the eightyeighth annual report, issued October 16th. The greater part of the work was done in New York and also through affiliated organizations in Gloucester, Mass.; Norfolk, Va.; Newport News, Va.; New Orleans, Galveston, Rio de Janeiro and Stockholm, Sweden.

Major Arthur S. Humphreys and Lieutenant Hugh Levick, Jr., two British Army officers who were held at the Ellis Island Immigration Station, were finally ordered released September 27th. It was held by the Department of Labor that their status was simply that of aliens visiting in this country. were badly wounded and incapacitated for military service.

Both

Deposits in postal savings banks have increased to almost $5,000,000 monthly, well distributed throughout the country. Any amount may now be deposited up to $1,000.

Hon. James M. Beck, the noted lawyer and publicist, was the guest of honor at the opening dinner of the Canadian Club of New York, October 10th, at Hotel Biltmore.

Two more members of the American Flying Corps in France have made the great sacrifice: Sergeant Kiffen Rockwell, son of Mrs. L. A. Rockwell, Winston-Salem, N. C.. and formerly of Atlanta, Ga., September 23d. and Sergeant-Major Norman Prince, son of Frederick H. Prince, of Beverly Farms, Mass., a Harvard graduate, October 14th.

Two distinguished English Bishops represented the Church of England at the general convocation of the Episcopal Church, October 11th, in St. Louis Mo.: The Rt. Rev. Dr. H. W. Yeatman-Biggs, Lord Bishop of Worcester, and the Rt. Rev. H. E. Montgomery, general secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. They were accompanied by Miss B. M. Yeatman-Biggs, a daughter of the Bishop. and by the Rev. Archdeacon Greig of Worcester.

Canadian

The new Canadian loan of $100,000,000 was more than doubly subscribed within a few days. Until late in September subscriptions were pouring in from all parts of the country.

Canadian consumption of American gasoline has increased this year to 75,000,000 gallons, as against an average previous annual consumption of 60,000,000 gallons.

A. Gorden McIntyre, a Canadian paper expert, was engaged by the American Newspaper Publishers' Association, October 15th, to take charge of the news print problems of that organization in the United States and will enter upon his duties at once. Mr. McIntyre is a well-known chemical engineer in pulp and paper mill practice. He is chief of the Forest Products Laboratories of Canada, secretary and treasurer of the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, and is editor of the Pulp and Paper Magazine of Montreal.

To October 11th, the total casualties among officers and men of the Canadian expeditionary forces were 52,026, according to figures compiled by the casualty record office: Killed in action, 8,134; died of wounds, 3,120; died of sickness, 452; presumed dead, 1,009; missing, 1,372; wounded, 37,939.

At the end of September the grand total of recruits in Canada was 365,867, apportioned divisionally as follows: London, 30,500; Toronto, 82,380; Kingston-Ottawa, 38,553; Montreal, 31,259; Quebec, 7,206; Maritime Provinces, 33,074; Manitoba-Saskatchewan, 73,895; British Columbia, 35,871; Alberta, 33,147.

Canada's payment of separation allowances to wives and dependents. of soldiers now totals more than $2,000,000 a month, and the Patriotic Fund, in addition, is expending about $1,000,000 a month among 86,000 families.

The wheat crop of Canada for the present year will be only 159,123,000 bushels, as compared with 376,303,600 bushels in 1915, according to an official estimate issued October 14th. A marked decrease in all other cereal crops is also announced.

At a joint meeting of publishers and paper manufacturers, called by Sir Thomas White, Minister of Finance, to meet the critical news print situation in the Dominion, the manufacturers stated that the best price they could make was three cents. Sir Thomas intimated that Governmental action might be taken to fix a maximum price for news print or impose an export duty. He asked the publishers and mill men to hold further conferences.

John Burgess Calkin Carson, of Halifax, son of the Rev. Dr. George S. Carson, editor of the Presbyterian Witness, died in a military hospital at the front, September 18th, as the result of a gunshot wound in the head. John Carson was a young man of brilliant attainments, richly endowed with intellectual powers and of fine Christian character. He enlisted as a private last year in the Fourth University Company for the reinforcement of the Princess Pats. He was then in his first year at Dalhousie and had before him an unusually promising career. In his last two years at the Dartmouth school he had won the gold medals for general efficiency and at the Halifax County Academy won the gold medal in the "B" mathematics. He matriculated into Dalhousie, winning the MacKenzie Scholarship of $200. Private Carson was an athlete of no mean ability and was an enthusiastic canoeist and swimmer. Dr. and Mrs. Carson have the sympathy of a large circle of friends in the loss of their gallant young son who fell like a true soldier on the Field of Honor.

Only four new students have registered at Wycliffe College, Toronto, and they are ineligible for the army.

The Management Committee of the Board of Education of Toronto has approved of a plan to have the school children erect a memorial to Edith Cavell.

Great Britain and the United States have signed a treaty providing for the protection of insect-destroying birds on both sides of the Canadian boundary.

The Newfoundland seal fishing season which has just ended has been financially the most successful for years. The catch numbered 243,000, and the value is returned as $1,000,000. In consequence of the war, the number of vessels engaged was only twelve, the smallest number employed for many years. The island is most fortunate commercially. The principal foreign countries to which Newfoundland's products are marketed remain open (excepting Germany) and the higher prices realized for its fish products, such as cod, herring, cod and seal oil, greatly offset the advanced cost of transportation. To supply the shortage of vessels, old wooden steamships of the sealing fleet have been used in addition to several large sailing vessels.

Word was received October 20, that the Duke of Connaught and his family had arrived safely in England.

Both Halifax, Nova Scotia, and St. Johns, Newfoundland, are under military orders. forbidding lights at night.

A disastrous fire in a hospital at Farnham, Que., October 26, cost nearly thirty lives and the injury of many children by jumping.

Admiral Sir John Jellicoe inherits a large fortune through the death of his father-inlaw, the late popular Sir Charles Cayzer, of Gartmore, Perthshire, head of the Clan Line steamships. Sir Charles, who was of Welsh extraction, purchased the Gartmore estates, one of the most beautiful in Scotland, from the eccentric Robert Cunningham-Graham, to whom they came by inheritance.

Mr. Neil Snodgrass, M. A., F. E. I. S., of the has Elder Street School, Glasgow, recently been elected president of the Educational Institute of Scotland.

The fire which threatened to destroy Glamis Castle, September 16th, was fortunately kept within bounds, only the roof and the upper apartments of the keep being burned and some damage being done to the main stairway and the drawing room through the bursting of a water tank.

The Earl and Countess of Mar celebrated their golden wedding, September 12th. The present Earl was granted the ancient dignity of the family of Erskine in 1885, after one of the most interesting peerage cases ever passed upon in British courts.

The freedom of the City of Ayr was conferred recently upon Sir Edward P. Morris, K. C., K. C. M. G., Prime Minister of Newfoundland. In recognition of the hospitality shown to the Newfoundland soldiers during their sojourn in Ayr, Sir Edward presented to the town the head of a caribou, bearing the inscription, "Newfoundland to the Royal Burgh of Ayr."

King George appointed, October 4th, Second Lieutenant Frederick Sowrey and Lieutenant Alfred de Bath Brandon, both officers of the Royal Flying Corps, to be Companions of the Distinguished Service Order for participation in the attacks on Zeppelin raiders on the night of September 23-24, when two Zeppelins were brought down.

Glasgow magistrates have declined to accede to a request of the licensed trade to permit barmaids to serve in publichouses.

The total net tonnage on the British Shipping Register at the end of 1915 was 12,416,406 tons, as against 12,119,891 tons at the end of 1913, which shows that even with the German submarine activity, merchant tonnage is greater than at the beginning of the war.

There are said to be 20,000 Rumanians in England. They are nearly all Jews, and one of the chief centres is in Manchester, where they are engaged in all branches of industry. Those in London are mostly tailors, cabinetmakers, bakers or bootmakers, and among them are perhaps not more than twenty or thirty pure Rumanians.