gistro equitum victi, etiam re- ter of the Horse, they likewise gem perdiderunt. Fidene lost their king. Fidena ivas tacaptæ et excise. Post xx. inde ken and destroyed. Twenty annos, Vejentini rebellave- years after the Vejentani rebelled. runt. Dictator contra ipsos Furius Camillus was sent Dicmissus est Furius Camillus, tator against them, who first conqui primum eos vicit acie; quered them in battle, and by and mox etiam civitatem diu ob- by besieging their city, took it, the sidens cepit, antiquissimam, most ancient and the richest in ItItaliæque ditissimam. Post aly. After it he took Falisci, a eam cepit et Faliscos, non mi- no less noble city. But a popunus nobilem civitatem. Sed lar odium was raised against him, commota est ei invidia, quasi as if he had divided the plunder prædam male divisisset, dam- unfairly, and he was condemned natusque ob eam causam, et for that reason and banished the expulsus civitate est. city.

20. Statim Galli Senones 20. Immediately the Galli Sead urbem venerunt, et vic- nones came to the city, and pursu tos Romanos xi. milliario ing the Romans after they had ab urbe Roma, apud flu- defeated them 11 miles from thu men Alliam sequuti, etiam city Rome, at the river Allea, urbem occupaverunt; neque they likervise took the city. Nor defendi quidquam nisi Capi- could any thing be defended but tolium potuit: quod cum the Capitol which after they diu obsedissent, et jam had besieged a long time, and the Romani fame laborarent, a Romans were now pinched by Camillo, qui in vicina civi- famine, Camillus, who was i tate exsulabat, Gallis super- banishment in a neighbouring city, ventum est, gravissimeque came upon the Gauls, and they victi sunt; postea tamen, were overthrown with great loss; accepto etiam auro ne Ca- however afterwards, receiving a pitolium obsiderent, recesse- good sum of gold, not to besiege runt; sed sequutus eos Ca- the Capitol, they went away; millus ita cecidit, ut et au- but Camillus following them, so rum, quod his datum fuerat, routed them, that he both recoveret omnia quæ ceperant mi- ed the gold, which had been givlitaria signa, revocaret. Ita en them, and all the military tertium triumphans urbem standards they had taken. So be ingressus est, et appellatus entered the city a third time in

secundus Romulus, quasi et triumph, and was called a secona Romulus as if he likewise was the builder of the city.

ipse patriæ conditor.

LIBER II.

ANNO ccclxv. ab ur- IN the year 365 from the buildbe condita, post captam ing of the city, but the first after autem primo, dignitates its being taken, the government mutatæ sunt; et, pro was altered; and instead of two duobus Consulibus, facti Consuls, military Tribunes, with Tribuni militares, Consula- Consular power, were made. ri potestat. Hinc jam cœ- From this time the Roman state pit Romana res crescere. began to grow. For Camillus Nam Camillus eo anno Vol- that year subdued the nation of scorum civitatem, quæ per the Volci, which had carried on lxx. annos bellum gesserat, a war against the Romans for vicit, et quorum urbem 70 years, as also the city of the et Sutrinorum, atque om- Equi and the Sutrini, and nes, deletis eorum exerciti- made himself master of them all, bus, occupavit, et tres si- cutting off their armies, and had mul triumphos egit. three triumphs together.

2. Titus etiam Quintius 2. T. Quintius Cincinnatus Cincinnatus Prænestinos, qui likewise pursuing the Pranestini, usque ad urbis Romæ portas who had come in a hostile manbello venerant, persequutus ner up to the gates of Rome, ad flumen Alliam vicit, et conquered them at the river Allia, civitates, quæ sub ipsis age- and added the cities which were bant, Romanis adjunxit ; under them, to the Romans; and ipsum præneste aggressus, attacking Praneste itself, took it by in deditionem accepit; quæ surrender; all which things omnia ab eo gesta sunt vi- were done by him in twenty days, ginti diebus, triumphusque and a triumph was voted him. ipsi decretus.

was

3. Verum dignitas Tri- 3. But the office of military bunorum Militarium non Tribunes did not continue long; diu perseveravit; nam post for after some time, it aliquantum nullos placuit thought fit no more should be fieri; et quadrennium ita made; and four years past in

in urbe fluxit, ut potestates the city so, that there were none ibi majores non essent. Re- of the greater magistrates, Consumpserunt tamen Tribuni suls of Military Tribunes, in it. Militares Consulari potestate Yet the Military Tribunes with iterum dignitatem, et trien- Consular power at last resumed nio perseveraverunt. Rur- the government, and continued for sus Consules facti. three years. Then again Con

4. Lucio Genucio et suls were made..

Quinto Servilio Consulibus, 4. L. Genucius and Quintus mortuus est Camillus: ho- Servilius being Consuls, Camillus nor ei secundus post Romu- died: the second honour after lum delatus est.

Romulus was paid to him.

5. Titus Quintius Dictator adversus Gallos, qui in Italiam venerant, missus est. Hi ab urbe quarto milliario 'camped four miles from the city, trans Anienem fluvium con- beyond the river Anien. The sederant. Nobilissimus de noblest of the Senators, T. Man-' Senatoribus Titus Manlius lius, engaged and slew a Gaul, provocantem Gallum ad sin- that challenged any one of gulare certamen congressus the Romans to a duel, and occidit; et sublato torque taking from him a gold chain, aureo, colloq; suo imposito, and putting it upon his own neck, in perpetuam Torquati sibi he for ever after got the sirname et posteris cognomen acce- of Torquatus for himself and his pit. Galli fugati sunt, mox posterity. The Gauls were routper Caium Sulpicium Dicta- ed, and presently after conquered torem etiam victi. Non by the Dictator, C. Sulpicius. multo post a Caio Marcio Not long after the Thuscans were Thusci victi sunt, vii. mil- conquered by Caius Marcius, sevlia captivorum ex his in tri- en thousand prisoners of them umphum ducti. were led in triumph.

5. T. Quintius was sent Dictator against the Gauls, who had come into Italy. These had en

6. Census iterum habitus 6. The Census, or survey of est. Et cum Latini, qui a the people, was again taken. Romanis subacti erant, mili- And the Latins, who had been tes præstare nollent, ex Ro- subdued by the Romans, refusing manis tantum tirones lecti to furnish their quota of soldiers, sunt, factæque legiones de- recruits were levied from amongst cem, qui modus sexaginta the Romans only, and ten legions vel amplius armatorum mil- completed, which number made a efficiebat: parvis adhuc sixty thousand men or more: the omanis rebus, tanta tamen Roman state being as yet but small,

in re militari virtus erat. such was their ability notwithQuæ cum profectæ essent standing in military affairs: adversos Gallos duce Lucio who marching against the Gauls Furio Camillo, quidam ex under L. Furius Camillus their Gallis unum e Romanis, qui general, one of the Gauls chalesset optimus, provocavit. lenged any one of the Romans, Tum se Marcus Valerius, that was the best at his weaTribunis Militum, obtulit; pons. Upon that M. Valerius, & cum processit armatus, a Tribune of the soldiers, offered corvus ei supra dextrum himself, and marching out armed, · brachium sedit: mox, com- a crow sat upon his right arm: missa adversus Gallum pug- presently after, when the fight na, idem corvus alis & un- against the Gaul begun, the same guibus Galli oculos verbe- crow struck the eyes of the Gaul rat, ne rectum posset aspice- with his wings and claws, that re; ita ut a Tribuno Vale- he could not look right before; rio interfectus, non solum so that being slain by the Tribune, victoriam ei, sed etiam nohe gave him not only the victory, men dederit. Nam postea but a name too. For afterwards idem Corvinus est dictus ac the same man was called Corvipropter hoc meritum, annorum trium & viginti Consul est factus.

nus, and for this service was made consul at three and twenty years of age.

7. Latini, qui noluerant 7. The Latins, who had refusmilites dare, hoc quoque a ed to furnish their quota of men, Romanis exigere coeperunt, begun to demand this too of the ut unus Consul ex eorum, Romans, that one Consul should be alter ex Romanorum, po- made from amongst their people, pulo crearetur. Quod cum and the other out of the Romans: esset negatum, bellum con- which being denied them, a war tra eos susceptum est, & in- was undertaken against them, genti pugna superati sunt: and they overthrown in a great ac de his perdomitis trium- battle: and the generals triumphphatum est. Statuæ Consu- ed for the conquest of them. Stalibus ob meritum victoriæ tues were erected in the Rostra

in Rostris positæ sunt. for the Consuls, for their good service in this victory.

8. Jam Romani potentes 8. The Romans had now beesse cœperant; bellum enim gun to grow powerful, for in centissimo & tricesimo war was carried on with the fere miliario ab urbe apud Samnites, at almost a hundred

K

Samnites gerebatur, qui and thirty miles from the city, who medii sunt inter Picenum, are in the middle betwixt Picene, Campaniam et Apuliam. Campania and Apulia. L. PapiLucius Papirius Cursor cum rius Cursor went to that war, honore dictatoris ad id bel- with the honour of Dictator, who, lum profectus est, qui, cum when he returned to Rome, charRomam rediisset, Q. Fabio ged Q. Fabius Maximus, MasMaximo magistro equitum, ter of the Horse, whom he left quem apud exercitum reli- with the army, that he should not quit, præcepit, ne se absente fight whilst he was absent. He pugnaret. Ille, occasione finding his advantage, engaged reperta, felicissime dimica- the enemy very successfully, and viet Samnites delevit, ob cut off the Samnites, for which quam rem a Dictatore capi- thing being condemned to die by the tis damnatus, quod se ve- Dictator, because he fought tho' tante pugnasset, ingenti fa- he forbad him, he was delivered vore militum et pali li- by the great favour of the soldiers beratus est; tanta Papirio and the people: so great a mutiny seditione compta, ut pene being raised against Papirius, ipse interficeretur. that he was well nigh slain:

9. Postea Sarmites, Ro- 9. Afterwards the Samnites manos, Tito Veturio et Spu- defeated the Romans with vast rio Posthumio Consulibus, disgrace, and obliged them to ingenti dedecore vicerunt, pass under the yoke when T. et sub jugum miserunt. Pax Veturius, and Spurius Posthumitamen a senatu et populo us were Consuls. The peace soluta est, quæ cum ipsis however was broken by the senpropter necessitatem facta ate and people, which had been fuerat. Postea Samnites made with them in mere necessity. victi sunt a L. Papirio Con- Afterwards the Samnites were sule: septem millia eorum conquered by the Consul L. Pasub jugum missa. Papirius pirius, and seven thousand of de Samnitibus triumphavit. them made to pass under the yoke. Eo tempore Appius Claudi- Papirius triumphed over the us Censor aquam Claudiam Samnites. And that time Appius induxit, et viam Appiam Claudius the Censor brought the stravit. Samnites, reparato Claudian water into the city, bello, Quintum Fabium and paved the Appian way. Maximum vicerunt, tribus The Samnites renewed the war, millibus occisis; postea cum routed Q. Fabius Maximus, killater ejus Fabius Maximus ing three thousand of his men.