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grene Alixander with flowers; one hanging afore th' alter, of Alixander.'

Alkyn, adj. All kinds of. Old Engl. Allkyn, alkyn (Jamieson).

1357. Archbp. Thoresby's Catechism. kyns mysbeleves and al mawmetries.'

'Al

Sæc. xv. York Mystery Plays, 493. 'Here schall thou alkynne solas see.'

Sæc. xv. S.S. iii. 125. 'In tokyn that he kyng schalbe of alkyn thyng.'

Saec. xv. Poem on the Trinity, by Wm. Nassington of York. MS. Stowe, 753, 33. 'For alkyn gude yat may be.'

Allam, Allom, Allum, sb. Alum, the mineral. Old Fr. alum; Lat. alumen (M.). Alum is found in large quantities on the coast of Cleveland, and there is a curious account of the working of it at Whitby in Simpson's Hydrological Essays, 8vo. 1670, pp. 65 75. It was sold by the cwt. Foul alum is alum with its impurities; rock or roche alum is alum which has passed through the roaching-pan and is thereby purified.

1570. S.S. ii. 338. Inv. Bertram Anderson of N.C. One punshen of allame, vj 1. x s. Halfe a barrell of allame, xxv s.'

1571. Id. 364. Inv. John Wilkinson of N.C. 'j c. and a qr. of fewld allom, ij li. ij. doss. lb. of rocke allom, viij s. Cf. Id. 414, 436, and xxxviii. 120.

1578. S.S. xxvi. 280. Inv. Jas. Backhouse of Kendal. Allom, half a hundreth, xiij s.'

Allamer, sb.

1467. Reg. Test. Ebor. iv. 43. Will of Alice Langwath of York. 'Alicia Braunce j allamer ij lagenarum, j pelvem.'

Allam-ledder, sb. Leather prepared with alum.

1566. S.S. ii. 264. Inv. Ralph Bouman of Durham. For allam ledder, xx s.'

Allegeance, sb. The allegations, or things alleged. Old Fr. alégance (M.); Lat. allegatio. Cf. Reg. Civ. Ebor. A. Y. 271, sæc. xv.

Saec. XV. Reg. Civ. Ebor. A. Y. 277 b. "When thay had lang tyme tretyd in this mater indifferentely, & herd and understand the allegeance and evidence of bathe sydes.' Allegeance, sb. Alleviation. Old Fr. alegeance (M.).

'In

1357. Archbp. Thoresby's Catechism. lightenes and alegeaunce of thair sekenesse.' Allegement, sb. An allegation. 1490. Morehouse's Kirkburton, W. R. Y., p. 62. Th'allegeaments & records of both ye said parties to the same herd & by gud deliberacion clerlie understand.'

1516. Plumpton Corr. 217. 'I made aledgment for your mastership.'

ALL

hird.. de ix arboribus, vocatis allers, per ipsum excorisatis.'

1528. Surtees' Durham, ii. 137. Cardinal Wolsey leases' quercos, allers, et subboscum'at Chester-le-Street, co. Durham.

1542. Survey of the Borders, Caligula B. 8. The Cheviots. On the sides of the streams 'there growyth many allers, and other rammell wood.'

1615-16. Eccl. Proc. Durham, Medomsley. He did buye seaven score birk trees and allers.'

Allers, adj. All, all of us. (Jamieson).

Aller

1506-7. Reg. iv. Parv. Pr. & Conv. Durham. Lr from the Prior to the King. My brethirn and I, with our allers consent, wrote,' etc.

Allettys, sb. The French ailette. 'A steel plate worn by men-at-arms on their shoulders' (M.).

1314. Reg. Palat. Dunelm. ii. 674. Inv. Sir John Marmaduk. 'Item j gaunbeson cum allettys, pretii liij s. iiij d.' Cf. S.S. ii. 18.

Alley, sb. i. The ala, or aisle, of a church. ii. An alley or passage. Common. Lat. ala, aula, or insula.

Old Fr. alee. Hallamshire Gloss.

i. 1358. Reg. Thoresby at York. The Archbp. allows Sir Robert Hilton of Swine 'ad animas Matildæ et Margeriæ, filiarum suarum, in posteriori parte porticus, sive aulæ, S. Trin. in eccl. par. de Swyna sepultarum, in loco eminenciori et denotiori dicti porticus sive alæ, in quo quidem loco idem miles intendit sepeliri, transferendum."

ii. 1495-6. S.S. liii. 274. Robt. Hancock, par. S. Mich., York, desires to be bur. ' in le alia, ex parte boriali.'

1512. S.S. lxxix. 37. Jane Harper of York desires to be buried in the midd alye, at my stale end.'

1558. York Registry. John Parkin desires to be buried at Fishlake 'in the north alley, where best roome may be had.'

1565. S.S. xxvi. 180. Richard Binks of Richmond desires burial in the mydde allie, before the quere dore.'

In

. c. 1590. S.S. xv. 32. Durham Cath. the north allei from the north church dor to the owse allei in the myds of the church, called the Lantren alley, where the Lantren standeth.' All-fulness, sb. The power to fill

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Aller, sb. The alder. Old Engl. alor, aler (M.). Eller is another Northern form (cf. S.S. xxxviii. 158, and Snaith Inv.). tide.' Brockett, and Turner's Herbal (E. E. D. S.), xxxiv.

10.

1365. S.S. lxxxii. 45. Rainton, near Durham. Præceptum est attachiare Tho. Nout

1609. N. R. Record Soc. i. 167. Mallon. "The pension for Captayne Wood be paid before Alhallow-tyde.'

1641. S.S. xxxiii. 146. Elmswell, E. R. Y. They come to worke about Allhallow tide;

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by that time they can well see aboute them in the morninge.'

Alliance, sb. Ally, kinsman. Old

Fr. aliance.

1498-9. S.S. liii. 162. Will of Rob. Hirste of Leeds. "To Margaret Jopis, my alyance, for hir good service, v marke.'

1536-7. Reg. Lee, Ebor. Will of Sir Wm. Gurnell of Full Sutton. To Thos. Hugaite, my allyaunce, my best doublet.'

1538. Reg. Test. Ebor. xi. 287. Henry Wotton of Barnsley leaves 'to Elen Waller, my wyfe alliance, v merces.'

All-if, conj. Although.

Sæc. XV. York Miracle Plays, 41. All-yf thou can litill skill.'

Allow, vb. To judge, or reckon. Old Fr. alouer (M.).

c. 1460. S.S. iii. 15. If thou teynd fals, thou bese alowed ther-after als.'

Allowance, sb. Old Fr. alouance. Lat. allocatio. i. Generally a deduction from an Accompt, sometimes by reason of some particular out-payment, or arrear, sometimes as a remuneration of the Accomptant. This also took the form of food and drink, and in this sense the word still obtains. Also repayment. ii. A grant.

i. c. 1490. Plumpton Corr. 68. Lr from the Cellarer of Newbrough. 'Robart Goles brought with him a byll of alowance for Aykton Kilne.'

c. 1524. Churchwardens' Books, St. Michael's Spurriergate, York. 'We aske alowans that we haffe laide downe abowyth the reporacions of the kirke' (i.e. repayment).

Id. 1594. Paid for our alowaunce at our coumpte makinge upe, iij s. iiij d.'

1536. S.S. lxxxi. 15. Ripon. 'Sum of the allowance x s. iiij d., and so remanyth liiij li. xxj d.'

1567. S.S. xvi. 211. Inv. of Geo. Neville of Well. The curet of Spofforth, for his half yeare's wagis & allowans for gathering and leading of tythe, xiij li.'

1583. S.S. xiv. 421. Lr from Sir R. Bowes. 'I am driven both to lend good sums of money, and also to give more rewards than I can call for allowance' (i.e. repayment).

ii. c. 1600. Nichol's Topogr. and Genealogist, ii. 406. Description of Gisbro' Priory. Twoe gatehouses had lodgings, & all houses of offyces aperteyninge to a dwelleinge house, whereof twoe of the Bulmers, knights, . were porters, havinge allowance, when they came, of a plentifull dyet at eyther gate, to enterteyne strangers, & of many horses in wynter in the stable, as in sommer at grasse.'

Allyment, sb. The element, or air. 1569. S.S. xxi. 192. Sedgefield, co. Durham. 'Se the dyvell domines [another witness says, 'Homilies'] fle into the allyment.' The Churchbooks were being burned.

Alm, sb. The elm tree. (Brockett, Teesdale, and Gloss.).

Aum Craven

1602. York Reg., D. and C. Inv. Thos. Haxwell of York leaves 'jalme bowe, etc., v s. x d.' 1669. Diary of J. Swale of Askham, near York. 'saw awm tree, mell head, & stile.' Almaine, sb. A German Old Fr. Aleman (M.).

ALM

1582. S.S. xiv. 218. Lr from Sir R. Bowes. The Englishman sent by Malveysier to the Duke remaineth still with him, pretending to be an Almaine.'

Almaine-Reitter, sb. A German rider or horse-soldier.

1582. S.S. xiv. 390. Lr from Sir R. Bowes. 'Their foreign horsemen shall be Allmen Reisters, and take shipping at Hamburgh.'

Almaine-rivets, sb. Armour for the body composed of splints rivetted together, from Alemaigne, or Germany. 1532. Raine's North Durham, 296. Norham Castle. For cleaning ciij Almayne reyvetts,

xx d.'

1533. S.S. xviii. 139. Durham. Pro mundacione v Almayne reyvetts, xx d.'

Newcastle

1538. Survey of Alnwick Castle. Vol. of Arch. Inst. ii. 177. 'Furst, xij score & foure payre of Almen ryvetts, & as many payre of splenttes.'

1574. S.S. xxvi. 246. Inv. of Roger Burgh, par. Catterick, N. R. Y. 'One corslet, and one Almane rivet, with the rest of his harnes, v li.' Almery, Amber, Ambry, Aumbry, Awmry Old Fr. almaire. Lat. almariolum. There was at Wear

mouth in 1321 'jalmariolum" (S.S. xxix. 140). Pro j almariolo pre libris imponendis,' 1329 (Norham Church Roll). In S.S. ix. ccccxlv, is the bill for making an almariolum in the Cloisters of Durham in 1433. The books at Durham were kept in a commune almariolum' (S.S. vii. 212), described in S.S. xv. 71. The walls of Archbp. Zouche's chapel at York are still lined with ancient almeries, containing records.

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The word ' Almery' is somewhat wide in its meaning, running from a large standing case of wood to a case let into a wall (a locker), a box, and even a rabbit-hutch. Ambry and aumbry (Brockett), aumry (Craven), almerie, ambry, aumery (Jamieson).

1371. Accompt Roll, Vicars Choral, York. 'In j clave pro halmery in capella, iij d.'

c. 1440. S.S. xlv. 99. Inv. of John Cadeby of Beverley. 'jalmary vetus cum tribus stadiis [three stages high], ij s.' 'To

1567-8. S.S. xxxv. 113. York Minster. Edmonde Dacres for iij dayes worke bestowed aboute tayking downe certeyne almeryes.'

1567. S.S. ii. 250. Inv. Eliz. Hutton of Hunwick, co. Durham. An almerye with iiij doores & ij shootts, xiij s. iiij d.'

1570. S.S. ii. 334. Inv. of Wm. Dagg of Gateshead. 'j ambry, & a drinke ambry [for holding wine and beer], viij s.'

1572-3. Durham Registry. Will of Eliz. Sommer. 'An almerie which was for keeping of conies' (a rabbit-hutch).

c. 1590. S.S. xv. 2. Rites of Durham. 'Severall lockers or ambers for the safe keepinge of the vestments and ornaments belonginge to every altar; with three or four amryes in the wall pertaining to some of the said altars, for the same use & purpose.'

Id. 68-9a. Within the Frater-house door there

ALM

is a strong ambrie in the stone wall, where a great mazer, called the Grace-cup did stand and a fine work of carved wainscot before it, and a strong lock, yet so as none could perceive that there was any ambrie at all, for the key hole was under the carved work of the wainscot.' The plate and linen were also in almeries, and the books (67, 71).

c. 1600. Nichols' Topogr. and Genealogist, ii. 421. Description of Cleveland. 'The place

may well be called the Aumbrey of nature, for many of those raretyes which are dispersed in sondrye other storehouses of severall countryes, are here compassed in a lyttle circuyte of grounde.'

1685. G. Meriton's Poems, 44.

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Almosner, sb. Almoner. Lat. elemosinarius (S.S. xxi. 13). Almaser, almoseir, almousser (Jamieson). Cf. Aumry and Aumener.

1499. York City House Book, viii. 42. 'Thomas Wentworth, servaunt to ye kynge's almosner,' is mentioned.

1513. Arch. El. n. s. v. 179. Lr from Bp of Durham. Maister almosner, this victory was the most honorable.'

Alms, Almes, Almose, Almous, Almus, sb. Alms. Old Engl. almysse (M.). Lat. elemosina. Almons, almous, almons, awmous (Jamieson). Awmus (Brockett). Aumus (Whitby).

Om

mus, awmous, or ammus (Cleveland). Aumus (Mid Yks. and East Yks.). Anmus (Craven and Holderness). Ammoss (Thoresby).

1429. S.S. ii. 78. Will of Roger Thornton of Newcastle. To every hows of almouse ordeynet for bedrydens in Newecastle, j marc.'

1444. S.S. xxx. 105. John Aldwyk of Hull leaves lands, etc., 'iu almose for the saules of my father,' etc.

Sæc. xv. Nassington's Poem on the Trinity, MS. Stowe, 753, 159. Yare fore ye wyse man biddes us be mercyable to do almous.'

1477. Plumpton Corr. 35. 'He wold labor their deliverance for almes, not takeing a penny.'

1515. S.S. lxxix. 58. Will of S. Ellis of Bolton-in-Bolland. 'What remaynes I put to the grettest almouse that they can thynke.'

1646. S.S. xl. 6. Heptonstall, W. R. Y. 'Shee tould her shee had given her a good almes of wooll before but did give her an almes of milke.'

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ALS

Alms-man, sb. Cf. xxii. cxxiii.; Nichols' Genealogist, ii. 406.

S.S. ii. 308;

Topogr. and

Alms-woman, sb. A woman in receipt of alms.

c. 1490. Reg. Civ. Ebor. A. Y. 366. Unto the tyme the fee ferme werr unto the said almus women fully content and paid.'

Alne, sb. The meaning here is sheeting made of linen, spun at Alne, near Easingwold, an estate belonging to the treasurer of York Minster.

1393. S.S. iv. 170. Will of John de Clifford, treasurer of York Minster. Volo quod dominus Joh. Rednes habeat. unum par lynthiaminum de panno de Alne.'

Along, adv. Lengthwise. Engl. and-lang (M.).

Old

1677. Breirly's Bundle of... Truths, 34. Grindleton-in-Craven. Jove lyes along, even like to dye.'

Alongst, prep. Alongside of. See Along.

At

1583. Lib. Recept. Civ. Ebor. p. 90. Steeton, near York, 'jacente juxta, Anglicè alongst, le howe.'

1587. MS. Survey of Berwick-on-Tweed, Titus F. xiii. 269. The oulde walles of the towne from the castell-bridge alongeste the wyndmylle hole. . xvij fote.'

1611-2. York House Book, xxxiii. 253. Harland, tiler, shall cause the paveinge alonghest his wall to be maide levill.'

Alour, Ailour, Alouring, sb. Lat. alura; Old Fr. aleure. A passage on the roof behind the parapet walls or battlements, or in the clerestory, etc., inside the church, or on the floor of the church itself.

1379-80. S.S. lxxxi. 101. Ripon Minster. 'In vij panellis vitreis. . in alura superiore emendandis, iij d.'

1394. S.S. iv. 197. John de Quenby desires to be bur. in St. Helen's, Aldwark, in alura inter fontem et introitum chori.'

1398. S.S. ix. clxxxi. Contract for building the Dormitory at Durham. 'Desuper historiam fenestrarum erunt honesta alours et bretesmontes batellata et kirnellata.' Cf. id. clxxxviii, 'ailours et bretissementa.'

1412. Contract for building Catterick Church. 'He sall make a franche botras rising unto the tabill yt sall bere the aloring.' 'The hight of the walles of the quere sall be aboue the grounde twenty fote, with an aluryng abowne, that is to say with a course of aschelere & a course of creste.' The ele sall be alourde accordant to the quere.'

1413-14. Fabric Roll of Selby Abbey. 'In servicio j hominis mundantis aluras ecclesiæ, claustri, etc. per ann. . . v s.'

Alow, prep. Below. Old Engl. Alaigh, alon (Jamieson).

1505. Guild Book of Berwick-on-Tweed, i. 3. 'No man, hawyn malvezey to sell him, shall retayll alow xvj d. the galon.'

Als, adv. and conj. As, relative or conjunctive. With antecedent Also. Alse, Als (M.). Old Eng. Common.

1357. Archbp. Thoresby's Catechism. 'Als that a gret clerk shewes in his boke.' Cf. S.S.

ALS

iv. 186; xxiv. 91-2; xxx. 176; and North Durham, 210, etc. etc.

Alslong, adv. As long.

1528. S.S. lxxix. 265. Will of John Rose of Nottingham. Alslong as the said money will or shall suffice.'

Als-mekyll. As much. Old Engl. Alsmekle (Jamieson).

c. 1425. North Durham, 210. Norhamshire. 'For alsmykyl als he nys mo3t gilty of ye said deth.'

1442. Will of Wm. Babthorpe. Hist. of Hemingbrough, 177. In als mekyll as yn theem

ys.'

1450. Reg. ii. Parv. Pr. & Conv. Durham. Lr to Sir R. Ogle. For alsmykill as I am enformed,' etc.

1454. S.S. xxx. 176. Will of R. Constable of Bossall, N. R. Y. For alsmekyll as I garte seese Codirston lande.'

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1466. Hampsthwaite. Yks. Arch. Journal, ii. 92. For alsmekyll as hitt lay upon his ground.'

Sæc. XV. Poem by Wm. Nassington of York, MS. Stowe, 733, f. 48 b.

"In als mykell als hys wylle to gan,
He es slaer of yat man.'

Alsome, a. A word of doubtful meaning.

1535. Reg. Test. Ebor. xi. 233. Nicholas Bellamy of East Markham leaves 'a paire of alsome sheites.'

Alsoon, Assoon, adv. As soon. Alsone (Jamieson).

1454. Domesday Book. D. & C. York, 132. Deed of the Prior of Pontefract. To be paid als sone as sufficiente surtee is maid."

1470. S.S. xlv. 186. Nottingham. They' to do a messe on the morowe aftyr, alsone as they shall mowe.'

1527-8. S.S. lxxix. 237. Will of John Gerves of Hornsey, E. R. Y. Als sowne after my beriall, as can be possible.'

Alswa, Alsway, adv. Also. Old Engl. alsná. Alsua (Jamieson).

c. 1370. S.S. XXXV. 181. York Minster. 'Yai may dyne byfore none, yf yai wille, and, alswa, ette atte none.'

Sæc. XV. S.S. iii. 186. 'Oure lantarnes take with us alsway.'

Sæc. xv. Poem by Wm. Nassington of York, MS. Stowe, 753, 37.

'Ye seconde thyng es drede alswa.' 1442-3. S.S. xii. 146. Durham. The fee of the said office, and alsua other fife marc.' Altarstone, sb. i. Probably a portable altar. ii. The large altar-stone with five crosses on it.

1558. S.S. xxvi. 122. Inv. of Anne Ducket of Grayrigg, Kendal. A Messell and vestements, with aulter stoyne, vj s.

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1677. Acct. Book of R. Walmesley of Selby and Dunkenhalgh. For an altar-stone, 5 s.' ii. 1569. S.S. xxi. 139. Durham. said Robert & Henry did.. gett both the alter stones, the one on Mr. Swyfft backsyd, and the other was hedd in the century garth under moch mettall.'

Alterage, sb. Alteragium. Aultrages, aulterage (Jamieson). An ecclesiastical due, probably for the maintenance of the clergy. At Jarrow and Wearmouth it seems to

AMA

have been collected in Lent, and, once, at Wearmouth, in 1431, it is called the alteragium lanæ et lini' (S.S. xxix. 198), as if the special charge had been laid upon the wool and flax, or perhaps the due was taken in kind. So at Pateley bridge, where much cloth was made, there was an 'alteragium panni" due to the church of Ripon (S.S. lxxxi. 227, 230, etc., and xii. xxvi).

'Alteragia dicuntur oblationes in pane ac Decimæ pecunia, vel aliis minutis decimis.

vero minutæ consistunt in lana, lino, lacte, caseis et agnis, etiam in partu animalium ut pullis, ovis, et decimis ortorum.' From flyleaf of Domesday Book, D. & C. York, 15th. cent.

1536. S.S. lxxxi. 25. The crown receives, with other things,' the tythe corne3 and hay of the towne of Repon, with the alterage of Pateley brigges.'

Alumpning, sb. Illuminating. Lat. alumpniacio (S.S. xxxv. 132).

1495. S.S. xxxv. 130. Chamberlain's Roll, York Minster. 'Pro alumpnyng trium gradalium, xl s.'

Alve, Awe, sb. One of the floatboards of an undershot water-wheel, on which the water acts (M.).

1413-14. Accompt Roll of Selby Abbey. In servicio Joh. de Osgodby facientis xxxiiij alves pro molendinis, iiij d.'

1503. Reg. Test. Ebor. vi. 83 a. Wm. Wright of Malton desires his exrs to build a new mill at Butterwick and his sons are to repair it except 'le3 cogges, spyndyll, awes & le3 tryndyll.'

1532-3. Reg. of Leases, D. & C. York, i. 53 b. Otley Mills. 'Reparacions cogges, spendels, & alves excepted.'

Alver, sb. (?) A pocket, from alvareus (Lat.).

1349. S.S. ii. 19. Inv. of John Fitz Marmaduke, Lord of Horden. 'j alver xii d. j bursa viij d.'

1351. S.S. ii. 64. Will of T. de Hoton, Rector of Kirkby Misperton. Item do et lego Rogero Normanville j zonam de serico, j alver meliorem quem habeo,' etc.

Alweldand, pple. almighty. Old Engl. (Jamieson).

All-wielding, All-wieldand

Sæc. xv. S.S. iii. 156. Bot if my Lord God alleweldand be commen.'

Enamel.

Amail, sb. The word Anamel is used in 1421 (S.S. xlv. 64). Amaille, amel (Jamieson).

1366. S.S. iv. 78. Will of Thomas de Buck'Domino ton, Rector of Rudby, N. R. Y. Johanni de Cobbeham, militi, duas pelves meas pulcherrimas cum amaill.'

Amailled, Amailling, pples. Anelatio (S.S. iii. 299), amellatus (S.S. xlv. 9, 24), anillatus in 1345 (S.S. iv. 14; ix. cliiii). The word Enameld is used in 1421 (S.S. xlv. 64, 112).

1516. S.S. lxxix. 73. Will of John Young, Dean of York. To Cardinal Wolsey my two gay saltes clene amelyd.'

1614. Reg. Test. Ebor. xxxiii. 365 a. Chr. Harrison of York, goldsmith.

Will of

To my

AMA mann, James Plumer, my amellinge morter & pestell, & a paire of amellinge tonges.'

Amang, Amanges, Amonges, prep. Old form of Among, Amongst. Amang (Brockett, Teesdale, Craven, Whitby, and Cleveland Gloss.). This was and is the common form.

'Nane of 1428. Reg. Civ. Ebor. A. Y. 255. yat crafte wirke any lede amang other metaill.' 1509. S.S. lxxix. 2. Will of John Alayn, of Ossett, W. R. Y. 'It is my will yt Elisabeth, my suster, be well seen to amanges youe.'

To be

1516. Id. 80. Will of Guy Palmes. dispoased amonges my sonnes.' Amazed, pple. Stupefied, bewildered.

1567. S.S. xxi. 121. Washington, co. Durham. The said Horsfall, being amased, said, Srs, I have no money."

1637. Yks. Arch. Journal, vi. 382. Lr from Lord Strafford to his wife. 'I was soe blockish & amased in good company as I am able to give you noe relation of what they were.'

1655. Treatise on the Four Last Things, by Simon Birckbek of Gilling, near Richmond, 25. 'I reade of a certaine learned man, whom when his friends came to visit, they found him dead in his study, with his book lying open in his lap, at which sudden accident they were much amazed.'

1671. S.S. xl. 185. Pickering. 'Being amaised, does not remember whether she had a candle or noe.'

Amatist, sb. Old form of Amethyst. Old Fr. amatiste. Lat. amethystus (M.). Cf. S.S. xlv. 74, 164.

Fr.

Ambasset, vb. Embassy. ambassade (M.). Ambassat, ambassiat (Jamieson).

1519. York House Book, ix. 85. "The said Twesday that the qwene rested hyr, come to this citie a solempne ambasset oute of Scotlande.'

Amber, Almer, Awmer, Awmbre, or, with the French article prefixed, L'ambre, L'ambyr, L'awmbre, L'awmer, sb. Aumer (Whitby Gloss.), and also Lammer in the North. From

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1390. S.S. iv. 129. Will of Wm. Askame of York. Item j payr bedys of lawmbyr wt a silver bruche & a rynge ad Sanctam Mariam Abathiæ.' (A pair was a set.)

1394. Id. 199. Will of Sir Brian Stapleton, co. York. "Jeo devise a mon nevew . . mes grandes paters noster de l'awmbre.'

1410. S.S. xlv. 44. Will of Wm. de Kexby of York. Ricardo Walker j par bedys de l'ambyr, cum uno monili de auro.'

1412. S.S. ii. 56. Inv. of R. de Kirkby, Vicar of Gainford, co. Durham. Unum par de bedes de lambr' et unus Agnus Dei, x s.'

1430. S.S. xxx. 13. Will of Wm. Stowe of Ripon. 'Johanni Folkton unum par precularium de lambre.'

1497. S.S. liii. 121. Will of R. Johnson of York. To Malde Hancok my bedes of awmer, which bedes contenyth 1 s.'

1498. Id. 134. Will of Alice Hildyard, of Beverley. 'Dionisiæ Langton unum par precarum de awmbor cum gaudiis deauratis.' (The gaudia, or gaudes, were the larger beads, usually known as the Paternosters in the Rosary.)

1506. Id. 245. Will of John Fell of York. 'A payr of beiddes of almer.'

1510. S.S. xxxv. 224. Inv. of York Minster. 'Unum par precularium de albo awmbre cum le gaudeys argenti deaurati.' [White amber is an alloy of four parts of gold with one of silver (M.).]

1541. S.S. ii. 117. Will of R. Tougall of Durham. A pair of aumer beyds gardit with silver gardis.'

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