35. Puteal, the Prætor's court of justice, a monument erected where the lightning had fallen.

44. Thrax, a Thracian and a Syrian gladiator.

46. Rimosâ, full of chinks, that cannot keep a secret. 48. Noster, our friend Horace. 49. Omnes dicunt. 50. A rostris per compita, from the forum, in which orators mounted a stand adorned with beaks of ships, to the streets.

55. Triquetrâ, Sicily, of a triangular form. 62. Ducere, to prolong, to enjoy.

63. Cognata. Pythagoras thought that there was a resemblance between the nature of the human body and of a bean, which he forbade his followers to eat, lest in the changes of transmigration some of their relations might have become beans. 67. Libatis, of which the first part has been offered to the household Gods.

82. Ita ut.

87. Tangentis malè, scarcely condescending to touch. 88. Hornâ, fresh, of this hour, or season.

100. Subrepere, to steal, to go unobserved.

103. Canderet, glittered.

105. Hesterna fercula, Hypallage for de hesternâ cœnâ.

108. Vernaliter, like an attentive servant.

117. Tenui ervo, with my simple fare of vegetables.

SAT. VII.

4. Ut vitale putes, so that you need not think that I shall be short-lived, alluding to the common expression, "he is too good to live.”—Decembri. In the Saturnalia, servants were admitted to a familiarity and equality with their masters.

7. Natat, fluctuates.
11. In vilem domum, unde.

10. Clavum, his dress.

14. Vertumnis iniquis, under the malignant influence of Vertumnus, who presided over the changes of the world. He was represented under different forms, hence the plural.

19. Ac prior illo, and preferable to the former, Priscus. 20. Jam contento, jam laxo, fune, sometimes with a tight, sometimes with a loose rope, sometimes restrains, sometimes obeys his passions. A Metaphor taken from a rope-dancer; or from boys, who in play pulled one another by a rope'; or from a beast tied to a rope.

25. Clamas, you so loudly praise.

31. Vinctus, bound by force.

33. Sub lumina prima, just before the lighting of the lamps. The usual hour of dinner was four, but the engagements of Mæcenas did not permit him to dine so early.

37. Ille, some person.

38. Nasum nidore supinor, I raise my nose at a savory flavor.

43. Quingentis drachmis, 187. 15s.

50. Vindicta, quâ servus a servitute in libertatem vindicabatur; the rod, with which the Prætor touched the head of those who received their freedom. 51. Miserâ formidine. Horace was sometimes affected with the superstitious fears of childhood. 53. Vicarius. The head slave was called Atriensis, the others vicarii, his deputies, qui vicem ejus gerebant.

60. In se ipso totus, drawing all his resources from himself-teres atque rotundus, a Metaphor taken from a globe, smooth and round, whose course no externul impression can delay.

65. Gelidâ aquá, in contempt and ridicule. 67. Dominus, passion.

68. Stimulos, a Metaphor taken from breaking and training horses,

69. Pausias was a famous painter.

70. Fulvius, R. and P. were gladiators, whose combats were painted in a rude manner on the signs of their house of exercise.

75. Audis, you hear yourself called, you are called.veterum, of ancient paintings.

76. Nil ego. I am considered as good for nothing.

81. Inamarescunt, grow sour on your stomach. 83. Hic puer, qui puer.-Uvam furtivâ mutat strigili, steals and scrapes to buy grapes. Hypallage for strigilim mutat uvâ.

87. Ponere, employ.

92. Nona. Horace had eight slaves at work on his Sabine farm; and he threatens to send Davus as the ninth.-opera for operarius.

SAT. VIII.

1. In Nasidieni the letters ie form one syllable by Synæresis.

3. De medio die. When the Romans wished to enjoy the pleasures of the table longer than usual, they dined at twelve instead of four.

5. Iratum-placaverit. The Allegory is beautifullypreserved. If the stomach is angry, it is proper to appease it.

6. Leni Austro, to make it tender; hence it was a little tainted.

9. Pervellunt, stimulate.

10. Acernam-pertersit. The table was of maple, a common wood. No cloth was laid upon it; but it was wiped with a purple napkin.

14. Procedit, with slow and stately steps, like a Grecian girl bearing the sacred ensign at the festival of Ceres.

15. Maris expers. To soften the strong Grecian wines, a little sea-water was said to be usually mixed with them; but this wine had never crossed the sea, and had no sea-water in it; but was common Italian, instead of Chian wine.

20. The table was of this form, . Around the circular part of it were placed three couches, each containing three persons. On the first reclined Fundanius, Viscus, and Varius. On the centre, the place of honor, were Mæcenas and his two friends, umbra, Servilius and Baratro. On the third were Nomentanus, Nasidienus ipse, and Porcius.

28. Dissimilem noto, unlike that which they were known naturally to have.

30. Ingustata, such as had never been tasted.

34. Damnosè, so hard as to ruin him.

38. Exsurdant, blunt. A Metaphor from the ear, applied to the taste.

39. Vinaria vasa Allifanis poculis, made at Allifæ, a town in Samnium.

40. Imi. Nasidienus and his two parasites, who lay on the lowest couch.

44. Futura deterior, it would be more insipid. One of the many instances of the bad taste, or of the economy, of Nasidienus.

46. Piscis Iberi, mackarel, Scomber, which is found in great plenty on the eastern coast of Spain. Hence the name of Scombraria, a small island near Carthagena.

48. Dum coquitur, while the sauce is boiling, he uses cheap Italian wine, citra mare natum; but afterwards he adds a dash of Chian wine.

50. Vitio, being vitiated, and become vinegar.-uvam, Metonymia for vinum.

54. Aulæa, the canopy over the table.

58. Rufus, the surname of Nasidienus.

59. Esset for fuisset.

64. Naso. See Sat. 6. L. i. 5.

67. Tene æquum est.

72. Agaso, a groom. A satire on the dinner.

The

bread was burnt; the sauce badly made; the servants ill drest and awkward.

77. Soleas. When the Romans lay down to dinner, they quitted their slippers; when they rose, they put them on.

82. Non dentur. The servants waited badly, either by their awkwardness, or because they were sparingly supplied with wine.

33. Fictis rerum, for fictis rebus, on fictitious pretences, not to offend their host.-secundo, seconding them by his jokes.

84. Mutatæ frontis, the genitive for the ablative, expressing the quality.

90. Edit. See Od. L. v. 3. 3.

91. Sine clune. The rump is the part of a bird that first becomes tainted. It had therefore been cut off.

93. Ulti, having revenged ourselves of the affectation, bad taste, and misplaced economy of Nasidienus, by eating little or nothing.

EPISTOLÆ.

LIBER I.

EPIST. I.

2. Spectatum. Mæcenas desired Horace to continue his poetical pursuit. The Poet excuses himself on account of his age, and compares himself to a gladiator, who had been sufficiently tried.-donatum rude. When gladiators were discharged, they were presented with a wooden foil.

4. Mens, genius and inclination.

5. Hercules, in consequence of his labors, presided over athletic exercises.

6. Exoret. The gladiator obtained from the people his discharge, which he requested from the end of the area, which was covered with sand.

8. Sanus, if you are wise.

9. Ilia ducat, break his wind.

13. Quo lare, in what school of philosophy.