CAMBRIDGE,
In spite of the charge
The Dreyfus Trial from the French Supreme

No. 2

General Deloye,

officers of all arms.
Director of French Artillery, showed that
an officer like Dreyfus would not have
made the technical blunder of referring to
the hydro-pneumatic brake as the "hy-
draulic" brake, as the author of the bor-
dereau did. General Sebert, of the Marine
Artillery, criticised the bordereau from a
professional standpoint, doubting that its
author could be an artillery officer because
of the employment of expressions which
an artilleryman could not have used.
General Sebert closed his testimony as
follows:

Court to the Rennes court martial that evidence could be taken only on the question, Did Dreyfus betray army secrets to a foreign power? that court martial has continued to fulfill the desires of the prosecution by taking evidence upon four charges of guilt. These are: (1) The authorship by Dreyfus of the bordereau (or memorandum of French army secrets found in 1894 at the German embassy); (2) the communication by Dreyfus of these secrets; (3) the additional proof found in the secret dossier, or bundle of papers bearing on the case; (4) the alleged confession of guilt by Dreyfus. As to the first of these matters, the authorship of the bordereau, last week's testimony bore specially on the notes in that document on the pneumatic brake of the " 120 gun," and on a firing manual for field artillery. As to the 120 gun, Lieutenant Bruyère and Captain Carvalho both said that its inspection was easy for any officer to obtain, The formal indictment and that detailed explanations concerning The Communication of Dreyfus as the bethe brake were given to the officers present when the gun was fired. On two such occasions Lieutenant Bruyère noticed the presence of a group of non-artillery offi

cers.

As to the firing manual, not only was a copy given to each battery, but all officers could obtain as many copies as they liked. Each witness had bought copies. Major Hartmann, of the artillery, whose testimony before the Court of Cassation is supposed to have influenced that Court's decision as much as any, affirmed that the author of the bordereau did not know what he was writing about, since he spoke of the " 120 short gun," when he meant the " 120 long gun." Major Hartmann's evidence was to the effect that Dreyfus was not the author of the bordereau, and that the artillery information mentioned in it was accessible to many

I reassert most emphatically that the bordereau was not written by an artillery officer or by an officer who passed through the Polytechnic School. I have been sustained in giving my evidence by my firm belief in the entire innocence of Dreyfus, and I am glad I have had strength enough to bring here the stone which I have to lay on the edifice of reparation which you are constructing so carefully and conscientiously.

of Secrets

trayer of army secrets to a foreign power (by which phrase Germany is understood) contains the following

passage:

As regards the journeys of Captain Dreyfus, it is clear from his answers under cross-examination that he could go to Alsace by stealth almost whenever he wished to do so; and that the German authorities shut their eyes to his presence there. This faculty of clandestine travel may properly be made a charge against him.

As a matter of fact, whenever Dreyfus desired to visit his old home, once the French Mulhouse, but, since the war of 1870, now the German Mühlhausen, he was obliged to apply to his superior officer, who forwarded a request to the German authorities for a passport. Without such authorization, any French officer attempting to enter Alsace would have been

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officers of all arms.
Director of French Artillery, showed that
an officer like Dreyfus would not have
made the technical blunder of referring to
the hydro-pneumatic brake as the "hy-
draulic" brake, as the author of the bor-
dereau did. General Sebert, of the Marine
Artillery, criticised the bordereau from a
professional standpoint, doubting that its
author could be an artillery officer because
of the employment of expressions which
an artilleryman could not have used.
General Sebert closed his testimony as
follows:

Court to the Rennes court martial that evidence could be taken only on the question, Did Dreyfus betray army secrets to a foreign power? that court martial has continued to fulfill the desires of the prosecution by taking evidence upon four charges of guilt. These are: (1) The authorship by Dreyfus of the bordereau (or memorandum of French army secrets found in 1894 at the German embassy); (2) the communication by Dreyfus of these secrets; (3) the additional proof found in the secret dossier, or bundle of papers bearing on the case; (4) the alleged confession of guilt by Dreyfus. As to the first of these matters, the authorship of the bordereau, last week's testimony bore specially on the notes in that document on the pneumatic brake of the " 120 gun," and on a firing manual for field artillery. As to the 120 gun, Lieutenant Bruyère and Captain Carvalho both said that its inspection was easy for any officer to obtain, and that detailed explanations concerning The Communication of Dreyfus as the bethe brake were given to the officers present when the gun was fired. On two such occasions Lieutenant Bruyère noticed the presence of a group of non-artillery offi

cers.

As to the firing manual, not only was a copy given to each battery, but all officers could obtain as many copies as they liked. Each witness had bought copies. Major Hartmann, of the artillery, whose testimony before the Court of Cassation is supposed to have influenced that Court's decision as much as any, affirmed that the author of the bordereau did not know what he was writing about, since he spoke of the " 120 short gun," when he meant the " 120 long gun." Major Hartmann's evidence was to the effect that Dreyfus was not the author of the bordereau, and that the artillery information mentioned in it was accessible to many

I reassert most emphatically that the bordereau was not written by an artillery officer or by an officer who passed through the Polytechnic School. I have been sustained in giving my evidence by my firm belief in the entire innocence of Dreyfus, and I am glad I have had strength enough to bring here the stone which I have to lay on the edifice of fully and conscientiously. reparation which you are constructing so care

of Secrets

The formal indictment

trayer of army secrets to a foreign power (by which phrase Germany is understood) contains the following passage:

As regards the journeys of Captain Dreyfus, it is clear from his answers under cross-examination that he could go to Alsace by stealth almost whenever he wished to do so; and that the German authorities shut their eyes to his presence there. This faculty of clandestine travel may properly be made a charge against him.

As a matter of fact, whenever Dreyfus desired to visit his old home, once the French Mulhouse, but, since the war of 1870, now the German Mühlhausen, he was obliged to apply to his superior officer, who forwarded a request to the German authorities for a passport. Without such authorization, any French officer attempting to enter Alsace would have been