kind of principles, on which the mind worketh to her best advantage, and useth reason with dexterity; that of inequalities she concludeth an equality, and of dissimilitudes most sweet resemblances: and so she worketh her own perfection by discourse, and in time groweth so absolute in knowledge, that her sufficiency needeth no further directions."

Tate has given high praise to Monck, under the description of Abdael, in his continuation of Dryden's Absalom and Achitophel: and Watkyns, in his Flamma sine Fumo, a scarce little volume, dated 1662, has a panegyric "upon the right honorable lord general George Monk, duke of Albemarle: qui lumen pietatis, flumen liberalitatis, et fulmen belli." It opens thus:

"Here is our glorious Atlas, who doth bear
Our heaven up, and keep our hearts from fear.
His merit is beyond reward, whose mind
To high attempts by nature is confin'd:
Some merchants have by their adventures bold,
Enricht this land with precious pearl and gold,
Yet none but royal MONK could ever bring
So rich a treasure as our gracious king.
Herculean labours were but twelve; here's one
That hath an hundred labours undergone :
He nere was rash, nor did the hasty hand
But a wise heart his active sword command:

Judgment and valour live in him," &c.]

JOHN,

LORD LUCAS.

As it was burnt by the hands of the hangman2, his lordship himself probably published his

"Speech in the House of Peers, February 22, 1671, upon the Reading the Subsidy-Bill the second Time in the Presence of his Majesty3."

In the State Poems I find one 4, alluding to this speech, called "Lord Lucas's Ghost."

[Of the family of Lucas, says Dugdale 5 (which hath with no little honour flourished for many ages, in the counties of Suffolk and Essex), was sir John Lucas, knight, a person eminently accomplished with learning, and well versed in sundry languages: whose perfect loyalty to the king, at the beginning of the unhappy troubles in 1642, exposed him to the merci. less plunder of those who were then in arms against his majesty. By which, though he became much dis

• Marvel says he owned part was his, part not, vol. ii. p. 59. State Tracts, vol. i. p. 454.

♦ Vol. i. p. 173.

Baronage, tom. iii. p. 473.

abled in yielding to him such aids and assistances, as he had designed: yet was he not discouraged from performing to the utmost, what he could in his own person, or by his best friends and nearest allies; stoutly adventuring his life in the several fights at Lestwithiel in Cornwall, Newbury in Berkshire, &c. In consideration whereof, he was advanced to the degree of a baron of England by the title of lord Lucas of Shenfield in Essex, 20 Car. I. He lived till 1670.

The earl of Clarendon describes the sanguinary death of sir Charles Lucas, the younger brother of lord Lucas, at Colchester; but mentions nothing more of his lordship than his name. In the British Museum is

"My Lord Lucas his Speech in the House of Peers, Feb. the 22d, 167;; upon the reading of the Subsidy Bill, the second Time in the Presence of his Majesty." Lond. 1670, 4to.

This spirited and energetic speech thus opens:

"When by the providence of Almighty God this nation recalled his majesty to the exercise of the regal power; it was the hope of all good men, that we should not only be restored to his majestie's royal presence, and divine laws, but we should be free from those heavy burthens, under which we had lain so long opprest. We did believe that from thenceforth every man should sit under his own vine, enjoying the fruits

This Speech was burned by the hand of the hangman, says an address to the reader, to the great grief and astonishment of all true Englishmen, to whom my lord Lucas's loyalty to his prince, and inviolable love to his country, was abundantly manifested.

of peace and plenty and Astrea herself (long since for the sins of men fled up to heaven) should have been invited by his majestie's most gracious and happy reign, to return hither, and dwell with us, and converse here among us mortals again.

"But, alas! we are fallen very short of our expectations, and our burthens are so far from being made lighter to us, that they are heavier than ever they were; and as our burthens are increased, so our strength also is diminished, and we are less able to support them.

"In the times of the late usurping powers, although great taxes were exacted from us, we had then means to pay them, we could sell our lands, our corn, and cattle, and there was plenty of money throughout the nation. Now, there is nothing of this; 'Brick ' is required of us, and no straw allowed us to make it with;' for that our lands are thrown up, and corn and cattle are of little value, is notorious to all the world.

"And it is evident that there is scarcity of money; for all the parliament money called breeches (a fit stamp for the coyn of the rump), is wholly vanished. The king's proclamation and the Dutch have swept it all away; and of his majesty's coyn, there appears but very little so that in effect we have not left for common use, but a little old lean-coyned money, of the late three former princes; and what supply is

'Snelling says, the conjoined shields of England and Ireland, upon the coins of the commonwealth, gave occasion to the name of breeches money.

preparing for it, my lords? I know of none; unless it be of copper farthings, and this is the mettal that is to vindicate (according to the inscription on it) the dominion of the four seas.

"And yet, if amidst this scarcity, the vast sums given were all employed for the king and kingdom, it would not so much trouble us. But we cannot without infinite regret of heart, see so great a part of it pounded up in the purses of other private men; and see them flourish in estates, who at the time of his majesties most happy restauration, were worth very little or nothing: and now, the same men purchase lands, and keep their coach and six horses, their pages and their lacqueys, while, in the mean time, those that have faithfully served the king, are exposed to penury and want, and scarce sufficient left to buy them bread. And is this, my lords, the reward of our services? Have we for this, borne the heat of the day, been imprisoned, sequestered, ventured our lives and families, our estates and our fortunes? and must we after all this sacrifice, give] so much of our poor remainder to the will of a few particular men, and to the maintenance of their vanities?

"It is not, my lords, the giving of a great deal, but the well managing of the money given, that must keep us safe from our enemies. Your lordships may be pleased to call to mind the story of Sampson, who

8 Quatuor. Maria. Vindico. See Leake on English Money, p. 371. Thoresby says, from this noted speech they were called by some, lord Lucas's farthings. Ducatus Leodiensis, P. 378.