ON ENGLISH HISTORY AND TRAGIC POETRY, AS ILLUSTRATED BY SHAKSPEARE. BY HENRY REED, LATE PROFESSOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. "Dramatica est veluti Historia spectabilis ; nam constituit imaginem rerum tanquam presentium: Historia, PHILADELPHIA: CLAXTON, REMSEN & HAFFELFINGER, 819 & 821 MARKET STREET. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1855, by in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. INTRODUCTION. THE success of the first series of Mr. Reed's Lectures on English Literature, has tempted me to a new experiment on the kindness of the public. This volume comprises two courses on kindred subjects-one delivered in 1846, on the Historical Plays of Shakspeare-from the dim legendary pe riod, when scarcely the form of history is maintained, down to the edge of the poet's own day and generation, the reign of Henry the Eighth—the other, a very brief one on Tragic Poetry, in 1842. The first course was prepared for the smaller class of the College Chapel; and the second, which was by comparison very highly elaborated, for a more popular audience. With this latter course Mr. Reed took great pains, and had reason to be content with the result; for they were listened to with delight by a most intelligent audience, and added much to his local reputation. will, I am sure, be read with great pleasure, though of them, as of all these posthumous works, it is but fair to say that they are in want of the critical revision which the author alone could have given, and must be read, not as carefullywritten essays, but as spoken discourses intended more for the ear than the eye. Practically, there's good reason in Both 66 a Sydney Smith's distinction, if not as to the greater care necessary, at least as to the greater care usually taken in what is written to be read than in what is written to be spoken. Mr. Reed wrote, not carelessly, but very rapidly. In one of his private letters (to many of which, by-the-by, I have referred in the notes to this volume) he thus describes not only his mode of composition, with its attendant embarrassments, but the feeling almost of enthusiasm which his theme often excited:-"Since you were here," he writes, very busy man have I been-perpetually haunted by the writing of one lecture a week, and usually not being able to finish it till about an hour before it was wanted. This has been a severity on one who likes to compose with a leisurely thoughtfulness. I have just got through the Shakspeare part of my course, with a lecture on Hamlet yesterday evening. I could scarcely have conceived how much my reverential admiration-wonder at the genius of the myriad-minded one-has deepened by this kind of study of his dramasin the lowest deep, a lower deep.' John Milton is before me in awful majesty for Monday next." Thus he wrote and felt when poetical study occupied his mind; and, though this letter does not refer to these courses of lectures, but to one other more extended on the British Poets, which I yet hope to give to the public, I have quoted it in some measure to account for slight inaccuracies-the fruit of haste, and also as a revelation of the earnest and thoughtful spirit that influenced him throughout. His was che heart of a most devout poetical student. Of the first course of lectures on English History as illustrated by Shakspeare, I need only say, in addition to the |