1. res Asiae: the fortunes of Asia.' Troy was the chief city of Asia Minor, and the head of an extensive league. Cf. res Agamemnonias, 1. 54, for the power of Greece.

2. Immeritam: 'not having deserved (such a fate).' Laomedon and Paris were the guilty ones, not the Trojans in general.

3. humo: i.e. from its foundations. fumat: the present indicates that the ruins of Troy are still smoldering. Neptunia: see note on II, 625.

4. Diversa: 'remote.'

desertas: 'solitary,' 'desolate.'

5. Auguriis: 'omens,' 'warnings.' ipsa: virtually emphasizes sub; close under.' sub Antandro: Antandros lay on high ground above its harbor.

12. magnis dis : see note on II, 297. For the spondaic verse, see H. 735 3; LM. 1131; A. 362, a; B. 368, 2; G. 784; (H. 610, 3).

13. Terra Mavortia: a land of Mars,' the tutelary god of the warlike Thracians.

14. regnata: 'ruled over.' Lycurgus was an early king of Thrace, who had fiercely opposed the rites of Bacchus. The present king, Polymnestor, had married Ilione, the daughter of Priam.

15. Hospitium: 'hospitable resort'; in apposition with terra. sociique Penates: sc. erant.

16. Fortuna: i.e. the prosperity of Troy.

17. ingressus: sc. terram. fatis iniquis: ablative of manner; ' under inauspicious fates.' They were not known, however, to be hostile from any previous indication, but from what turned out after the landing was made.

18. Aeneadas: there was a city, Aenos, at the mouth of the Hebrus, and another, Aenea in Chalcidice, both of which were by tradition founded by Aeneas. The name, Aeneadas, by which Aeneas calls his followers, implies was in doubt which town to regard as the one founded by the

that Virgil

hero.

20. Auspicibus, etc.: ‘patrons of,' or 'favorable to the work commenced.' 22. tumulus: 'a mound.' Polydorus had been left unburied on the shore, and the sand had covered his body. quo summo: 'on the top of which.' 23. hastilibus: 'spear-shafts.' Both myrtle and cornel were used in making spear-shafts. Join the ablative with horrida.

25. Conatus: a participle. tegerem: according to the custom (cf. II, 248) of adorning altars and sacred places with boughs and wreaths. The myrtle was sacred to Venus.

26. Observe the liveliness of the historical present video. It is joined by -que (in viridemque) to accessi.

28. haic: H. 428, 2; LM. 539; A. 229; B. 188, 2, d; G. 347, 5; (H. 385, 4, 2)). 'Drops of dark blood ooze from that shoot which is first torn up.' sanguine: descriptive ablative.

29. Mihi Membra quatit: cf. I, 92.

30. gelidus: an instance of prolepsis. The effect of fear is assumed instead of being predicated.

31. alterius: 'of a second.'

32. penitus tentare: 'to explore thoroughly.'

34, 35. Aeneas supposes that the preternatural appearance may have been produced by the Nymphs who preside over the spot, or by Mars (Gradivus), who is the guardian of Thrace; and he now implores them to give the signs (visus) a favorable issue, and to mitigate the omen; i.e. to send another token by which he may know that the gods are not displeased with him.

36. secundarent: 'make favorable.' For the omission of ut, see note on II, 75.

39. Eloquar: for the subjunctive, see note on I, 565.

41. laceras: every cornel or myrtle shoot is connected with the body of Polydorus. iam now at least'; after having repeated the torture. sepulto: he is covered by the sand.

42. Parce with infinitive expresses a prohibition; a poetical variation of noli scelerare.

43. aut continues the force of the negative. Cf. II, 779. 'Troy produced me no stranger to you, nor does this blood flow from the stock'; but from my lacerated body. Forbear, then, for you are doing violence to a human body, and even to a friend and fellow-countryman.

45, 46. ferrea: because of the iron points,' or spear-heads. iaculis increvit acutis: 'has grown up in sharp javelins.' The spears, left in the body of Polydorus, have miraculously put forth roots in the accumulated sand, and sent up new shoots, straight and tapering; fitted, indeed, for javelins. Iaculis is the ablative of manner.

47. ancipiti: 'twofold'; occasioned both by the blood, and by the voice of the shade. mentem: 'in mind.' See note on I, 228.

50. alendum: H. 638, 3; LM. 994; A. 294, d; B. 337, 7, b, 2); G. 430; (H. 549, 3).

51. regi: Polymnestor.

55. Fas omne: every obligation imposed by religion and the laws of hospitality.

56. potitur: here of the third conjugation. Quid — cogis? 'to what dost thou not force the hearts of men?' Both accusatives are governed by cogis, after the analogy of verbs of teaching or demanding. H. 412; LM. 524; A. 239, c; B. 178, 1, d; G. 339; (H. 375).

58. primum: he consults Anchises first as the most venerable and the most experienced in auguries.

59. refero: 'I report'; lay before them. 60. animus: for sententia.

2; LM. 971; A. 270; G. 421;

The infinitive follows in apposition.
(H. 539, II).

61. dare classibus austros: for classes austris, by hypallage.

63. Aggeritur: 'is heaped upon,' 'added to.' tumulo: the mound mentioned in arae: sometimes two

1. 22.
altars were erected to the

Manes of a deceased person.
See below, 1. 305. Such al-
tars usually bore the inscrip-
tion, Dis Manibus.

66. Inferimus : on the grave or ashes of the dead it was customary to pour libations of milk, honey, sacrificial blood, and unmixed wine.

H. 616,

68. Condimus: 'we put to rest.' Without these ceremonies the Manes were supposed to be wandering in misery. See VI, 318-330. supremum : 'for the last time'; according to the custom described in note on II, 644.

69-120. Aeneas arrives at the island of Delos, where he is hospitably received by King Anius, the priest of Apollo. On consulting the Delian oracle, the Trojans are told to seek out the land from which their earliest ancestors were derived. This Anchises pronounces to be Crete.

69. pelago dative; sc. erat; 'when first the sea could be trusted'; i.e. in the spring or early summer.

70. auster: for ventus.

71. Deducunt: 'draw down.'

Cf. below, l. 135.

The ships were drawn

up and sheltered on the land after a voyage had been completed. complent : 'cover'; i.e. with the ships.

73. Sacra tellus: refers to Delos, a small island in the midst of the Cyclades, the birthplace of Apollo and Diana, and the seat of one of the principal oracles of Apollo.

74. matri: Doris, wife of Nereus. The dative depends upon gratissima. This verse retains the final vowels in matri and Neptuno, unelided. See note on I, 617. Neptune is called the Aegean because, according to Homer, his palace was in the Aegean Sea.

75. pius: because in this act Apollo showed his filial piety to his mother, who had found shelter in Delos. circum: see note on I, 13.

76. Mycono e celsa Gyaroque, etc.: 'which, when wandering about all seas and shores, the grateful Archer bound fast to lofty Myconos and Gyaros.' With revinxit e, cf. religavit ab, VII, 106, and such expressions as a sinistra, a fronte, etc.

77. coli, contemnere: see note on I, 66. Before Delos was thus fastened it was uninhabited.

78. fessos: the voyage was somewhat more than two hundred miles.

79. veneramur: 'we approach with reverence.'

80. idem: H. 508, 3; LM. 1059; A. 195, e; B. 248, 1; G. 310; (H.451,3). 81. tempora: see note on I, 228.

82. Occurrit: hastens to meet us.' 83. hospitio: 'in hospitality.'

84. Templa: the plural indicates the courts and porticos as well as the cella, or temple proper. venerabar implies approaching the temple as a worshiper, and offering sacrifice on the altar. saxo vetusto: the material is expressed either by the ablative alone, as I, 655, II, 765, V, 663, or by ex with the ablative, as IV, 138.

85. Da, etc.: 'grant to us our lasting abode'; i.e. reveal to us the place which the fates destine for our permanent (propriam) abode.

86, 87. serva altera Pergama: 'save the second Troy'; i.e. by your counsel save us, who are to found the second Troy. reliquias cf. I, 30. 88. Quem sequimur? what leader are we to follow?'

the present, see note on II, 322.

:

For the use of

89. inlabere: properly said of the inspiration of the priest, but here of information to be given to the suppliant directly by the voice of the oracle. 90. See note on II, 692.

91. -que 'both'; is lengthened here by the ictus. Limina: is put for the whole temple, and with laurus is in apposition with omnia.

92. Mons: Mount Cynthus. adytis reclusis: ablative absolute. The earthquake is connected with the sudden opening of the inner sanctuary. Cf. VI, 81.

93. Summissi petimus terram: freely translated, 'we prostrate ourselves upon the ground.'

94. quae, etc.: 'the land which first bore you from the stock of your ancestors.' See note on I, 573.

95. ubere laeto: ‘in her fruitful lap'; on her teeming soil. 97. Hic: as in I, 272, refers to the place just mentioned.

of place where.

101. The oracle directs them to return to their mother country; but the question now is, what is the real mother country or cradle of their race. 102. genitor: Anchises. Cf. above, 11. 9 and 58.

104. Iovis insula: since Jupiter was born there.

105. Mons Idaeus: from this the Trojan Ida derived its name.

106. Centum: a round number. regna: 'realms'; properly so called because in every city there was an avac, or sovereign. Cf. I, 338.

108. primum: cf. I, 1. Some traditions made Teucer a native of the Trojan country, others a Cretan, who migrated to the Troad, He is called maximus as the ȧpxnyérns, or original father of the race.

109. regno: dative. nondum steterant: 'had not yet been built.'

oris: ablative

III. Hinc: from Crete was derived the worship of Cybele, mother of the gods, magna mater. cultrix Cybeli: 'inhabitant of Cybele.' She had a temple on the Phrygian mount Cybele. aera: 'brazen cymbals,' used by the priests, or Corybantes, in the worship of the goddess.

112. nemus: there was a grove on the Trojan Ida consecrated to Cybele, in imitation of that on the Cretan Ida. silentia: the strict secrecy of the mysteries, and the practice of exhibiting the figure of the goddess in a chariot drawn by lions, were also brought from Crete (hinc erant).

116. Nec cursu: the distance from Delos to Crete is about 150 Roman miles. adsit: H. 587; LM. 920; A. 314; B. 310; G. 573; (H. 513, I). 118. aris: ablative of place where.