The Altruism Question: Toward A Social-psychological AnswerPsychology Press, 2. 1. 2014 - 268 strán (strany) Are our efforts to help others ever driven solely by altruistic motivation, or is our ultimate goal always some form of self- benefit (egoistic motivation)? This volume reports the development of an empirically-testable theory of altruistic motivation and a series of experiments designed to test that theory. It sets the issue of egoism versus altruism in its larger historical and philosophical context, and brings diverse experiments into a single, integrated argument. Readers will find that this book provides a solid base of information from which questions surrounding the existence of altruistic motivation can be further investigated. |
Obsah
| 1 | |
The Altruism Question in Western Thought | 15 |
Toward an Answer The EmpathyAltruism Hypothesis | 59 |
Testing the Egoistic Alternatives to the EmpathyAltruism Hypothesis | 107 |
Extensions | 175 |
References | 231 |
| 247 | |
| 252 | |
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Adapted by permission altruism hypothesis altruism question altruistic personality American Psychological Association another’s answer anticipated Aristotle aversive arousal aversive-arousal reduction hypothesis Batson Batson et al behavior benefit Cialdini concern correlations ease of escape easy effect egoistic alternatives egoistic and altruistic egoistic explanations egoistic goal egoistic motivation Eisenberg Elaine empathic emotion empathic-joy hypothesis empathy condition empathy-altruism hypothesis empathy-helping relationship empathy-specific punishment hypothesis empathy-specific reward hypothesis evokes altruistic motivation exocentric experience experimental feedback feeling empathy hedonic calculus help associated high-empathy condition high-empathy individuals Hoffman increased helping Krebs La Rouchefoucauld Melvin Lerner mood mood-enhancement moral motiva motivation to help need situation negative-state relief observed one’s opportunity to help Path perceived person in need person’s personal distress Piliavin proportion of participants prosocial pseudoaltruistic psychological hedonism rate of helping reduce relieve response self-benefit self-punishment shame and guilt shocks social evaluation Social Psychology someone tion ultimate goal victim