The Mark eagle is very common and destructive in Germy Beekstein says, that in an aery of one were found tapletons of three hundred ducks and forty hares; and th the rapine they commit in cultivated parts cannot be pated-Pennant. Zoology.

AZURE. A'TURED. A ZURINE. AZURN.

Fr. Azur; It. Azurro; Sp. Azul, from the Arabic Lazul, or Lazurd; Color cilestro, color Turchino, sky coloured, blue. The Arabic Lais applied to an earth or stone of a blue colour, oralem, (Menage.) Azure is applied by Chaucer to some precious stone. Caruleum or Azure, si its uses to the painter, are minutely described y Pliny, (Nat. Hist. b. xxxiii. c. 13.)

Bit well I wot, a broche of gold and assure which a ruble set was like an herte

reseite him yaue, and stacke it on his sherte.

Chaucer. Troil. & Cres. b. iii.

What woldest thou demen if a man woulde yeue three ers of nobles of gold, that were a precious gift? ye certes 21 And what (q.d. she) of as mokel azure? (q.d. I) a Audiens gift at full-Id. Test. of Loue, b. iii.

In pourtraitures, storied with colours meddled, blacke, and other darke colours commenden the golden and the azured painture.-Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. ii.

Also some of their women race their faces proportionally, as chinne, cheekes, and forehead, and the wrists of their hands, whereupon they lay a colour which continueth dark azurine.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 37.

And on his shield enneloped seuenfold
He bore a crowned little ermilin,

That deckt the azure field with her faire pouldred skin.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 2.
By whose ayde

(Weake masters though ye be) I haue bedymn'd
The noone-tide sun, call'd forth the mutinous windes,
And 'twixt the greene sea, and the azur'd vault
Set roaring warre. Shakespeare. Tempest, Act v. sc. 1.
His spear

He walkt with to support uneasie steps
Over the burning marle, not like those steps
On heaven's azure.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.

By the rushy fringed bank,
Where grows the willow and the osier dank,
My sliding chariot stays,
Thick set with agat, and the azurn sheen
Of turkis blue, and emerald green,
That in the channel strays.

Id. Comus.

Direct his eye and contemplation through those azure fields and vast regions above him, up to the fixt stars, that radiant numberless host of heaven; and make him understand, how unlikely a thing it is, that they should be placed there only to adorn and bespangle a canopy over our heads. Wollaston. Religion of Nature, s. 5.

A'ZYME. Gr. Açuuos, without ferment, composed of a, priv. and Juun, ferment, (Menage.) See Azymus in Vossius.

This word appears to have been used by the translators of the Bibles published at Douay and Rhemes.

They had, (they said,) [i. e. the translators of K. James's bible], on the one side avoided the scrupulosity of the puritanes, who left the old ecclesiastical words and betook them to other, as when they put washing for baptism, and congregation for church; and on the other hand, had shunned the obscuritie of the papists in their azymes, tunike, rational, holocausts, prepuce, pasche, and a number of such like, whereof their late translation was full, and that of purpose to darken the sense, that since they must needs translate the Bible, yet by the language thereof it might be kept from being understood.-Preface to King James's Bible.

BABBLE, v. BABBLE, R. BABLEMENT.

B: OLER

BABELING, A.

RABLISHLY.

D. Babelen; Fr. Babille; Gr. Βαβαζειν, Sw. Breablâ ; from the Heb. Babel, where, says Junius, the first confusion of speech arose.

To babble, is to talk confuly, inarticulately; to prate idly, unreasonably, Carousiderately.

Saale knew Samuell by Samuel's owne report; and a man is knowen by his tong; ergo, ministers are Incre by regce, learning, and doctrine: is not this a primer kind of reasoning? Is this the reuerence due to the szippants, thus bablishly to abuse them?

Whitgift. Defence, p. 262. For this blessing is geuen to all them that trust in Christe's blend, that they thrust and hunger to do God's He that bath not this fayth, is but an vnprofitable

warf faith, and workes, and wotteth neither what he kesh, nor what he meaneth, or wherunto his wordes prayne-Tyndall. Warkes, p. 66.

*th frere Barnes I say telleth vs in effecte thys tale contrue to some other partes of his owne tale, I wel may and carte of all his bubble babbel that he maketh in telling that the general counsayles maye erre, because it maye reth, that they haue not the spirite of God with Len-Sur T. More. Workes, p. 754.

And for this cause lette your women in solemn assem4 halide theyr peace, leste yf, (as that kynde is to muche babling, there aryse an vncomly confusion. Udal. Cor. c. 15. had a proper wytte, and could both reade and wryte, a enrapaigny, redy and quicke of answere, neyther For full of bable, somtyme tauntyng without displeaut not without disporte-Hall. Edw. V. *Why, what would you?

Ts. Make me a willow cabine at your gate,
tarpon my soule within the house,

We leral cantons of contemned loue,

Aing them lowd euen in the dead of night:
your name to the reuerberate hills,

And make the babbling gossip of the aire,
Cry our Clinia-Shakespeare. Twelfth Night, Act i. sc. 5.

da for the most part grow into hatred and contempt sing, mock'd and deluded all this while with ragged -zta mé babblements, while they expected worthy and knowledge-Milton. On Education.

The shakerz, er full of words, that is movλoyo, wherby same thing is signified; yet are not long prayers heere , but those that are vayne, fond, and superstitious. Whitgift. Defence, p. 804.

B.

When St. Paul was speaking of Christ, and his resurrection, the great Athenian philosophers looked upon all he said to be mere babbling.-Beveridge, vol. ii. Ser. 89.

The dazzling pomp of words does oft deceive,
And sweet persuasion wins the easy to believe.
When fools and liars labour to persuade,
Be dumb, and let the bablers vainly plead.

Rowe. Golden Verses of Pythagoras.

'Tis not the babbling of a busy world,
Where praise and censure are at random hurl'd,
Which can the meanest of my thoughts control,
Or shake one settled purpose of my soul.

Churchill. The Conference.
Though pointless satire make its weak escape,
In the dull babble of a mimic ape,
Boldly pursue where genius points the way,
Nor heed what monthly puny critics say.

BA'BE. BA'BERY. BABY, n. BA'BY, adj. BABYISH. BA'BYHOOD.

BA'BISH.

Lloyd. Epistle to Churchill. A word, says Skinner, according to Menage, of Syriac origin. Skinner himself would derive it from the Italian, babbolo a babbo: but, as it is purely vox infantulis, and the infants of one country do not borrow from those of another, it needs no foreign etymology. It consists of the repetition of ba, (sc. ba ba,) the earliest, because easiest consonant uttered by children; and framed merely by the interception of the breath from the closure of the lips. Akin to it is the Gr. Пажжаs, paрa; Heb. Ab; Syr. Abba. Udal uses the verb, to babish; and Young, the verb, to baby.

To deceive or delude, as babies; to treat as babies, who are easily deceived, or cheated; deluded, or played upon.

To be leyve leelly upon that litel baby.

Piers Plouhman, p. 326. You, whome it behoued nowe to be strong and stablished in euangelicall Philosophie, haue nede as yet lyke tendre babes to be fed with the mylke of lowest doctryne: rather then be meete to receyue the strong meate of higher learnyng. Udal. Hebrues, c. 5. and the moste parte of the spirituall men also, thynkynge When the duke had doen, the temporal menne wholy, no hurte earthely ment toward the younge baby, condiscended in effecte, that yf he wer not deliuered he shoulde bee fetched oute.-Bp. Hall. Edw. V.

God therfore of mercye, not wyllynge to lose that people of hys, but fauourably to beare with their babysh weakenes, gaue fourth certen rules and preceptes by hys seruaunt Moses.-Bale. Apology, Pref.

And thus hitherto that same oure heauenly soueraigne lord and prince, who had for oure sakes adbassed and humbled hymselfe downe euen to swadlyng cloutes, to the cradle, to crying in his swathing bandes as other children doe, and to the strengthlesse babehoode of the bodye, was preached and declared to the worlde by the onelye testy

monie of other folkes talkyng.-Udal. Luke, c. 2.

'Neuerthelesse we do not thus babyshe womankynde, as thoughe we woulde exclude them from the felowshyp of saluation.-Id. Timothye, c. 3.

If a yong jentleman be demure and still of nature, they say he is simple and lacketh witte; if he be bashfull and will soone blushe, they call him a babishe and ill brought up thynge.-Ascham. The Scholemaster, b. i.

How many a brave peer, thy too near allies,
(Whose loss the babe that's yet unborn shall rue)
Have made themselves a willing sacrifice
In our just quarrel, who it rightly knew!

Drayton. The Miseries of Queen Margaret.
This retchless innocent
The burning gleed with his soft tongue doth lick.
Which though in Pharaoh her desire it wrought,
His babish imbecility to see,

To the child's speech impediment it brought,
From which he never after could be free.

Id. Moses. His Birth, b. i.

Lift vp thy brow (renowned Salisburie)
And with a great heart heaue away this storme;
Commend these waters to those baby eyes
That neuer saw the giant-world enrag'd,
Nor met with Fortune, other then at feasts,
Full warm of blood, of mirth, of gossipping.

Shakespeare. King John, Act v. sc. 2.

Another taught her babes to talk,
Ere they could yet in go-carts walk;
There Alma settled in the tongue,

And orators from Athens sprung.-Prior. Alma, c. 2.
Much learning shows how little mortals know,
Much wealth, how little worldlings can enjoy ;
At best, it babies us with endless toys,
And keeps us children till we drop to dust.

Young. Complaint, Night 6.
Nations would do well
Textort their truncheons from the puny hands
Of heroes, whose infirm and baby minds
Are gratified with mischief.-Cowper. Task, b. v.
Fr. Babouin; It. Babuino;
From Babe, ac-

BABOON.D. Bavaien.

BA'BION.

cording to Skinner and Menage; because, says the former, it very greatly resembles the human race.

Amo. I am neither your minotaure, nor your centaure. nor your satyre, nor your hyæna, nor your babion, but your mere travailer, believe me.-B. Jonson. Cynthia's Revells. Of all the rest that most resembles man, Was an o'erworn ill-favoured babian; Which of all other (for that only he Was full of tricks, as they are us'd to be) Him in her craft so seriously she taught, As that in little time she had him brought, That nothing could afore this ape be set, That presently he could not counterfeit.

Drayton. The Moon-Calf.

Unto whom [Bacchus] was yearely celebrated the feast bacchanal the tenth day of the moneth Antesterion, lyke as the Ionyans, who be desceded of ye Athenias, do yet at this preset holde it for trouth.-Nicolls. Thucydides, p. 50.

In honour of whom [Bacchus] the old bacchanalian feasts are celebrated on the twelfth day of the menth Anthesterion: which custom is still retained to this day by the Ionians of Attic descent.-Smith. Ib.

Some called him Bacchus, because of the great number of shamelesse drunken bacchanalian women, which followed him with clamors and outcryes, whom he taught to gather fruits, and to presse them, whereof they made drinke, and were daily drunk.-Stow. Chronicles. Brief Abstract. In halls

Carthusian fasts and fulsome bacchanals
Equally I hate. Mean's bless'd. In rich men's homes
I bid kill some beasts, but no hecatombs.-Donne, Sat. 2.
Well, I could wish, that still in lordly domes
Some beasts were killed, though not whole hecatombs;
That both extremes were banish'd from their walls,
Carthusian fasts, and fulsome bacchanals.

Pope. Imit. of Donne. Surely those who are acquainted with the hopes and fears of eternity, might think it necessary to put some restraint upon their imagination: and reflect that by echoing the songs of the ancient bacchanals, and transmitting the maxims of past debauchery, they not only prove that they want invention, but virtue.-Johnson. Rambler, No. 29.

BACHELOR. Fr. Bachelier; It. BacceBACHELORSHIP. liere; Sp. Bacchiler; A. S. Bachilers, Baccalaurii, (Lye); but without citing any authority. Somner has not the word. Wachter suggests, that when applied to students in theology, it may be compounded of the Saxon boc, liber, biblia, and lareow, doctor: and when applied to persons of a certain military rank, he approves of the etymology of Fauchet, viz. that Bachelers are so called, quasi bas chevaliers, because they were lower in dignity than the milites bannereti; with, though behind, whom they were allowed to sit. He rejects, as destitute of authority, the opinion of Calepinus, that a chaplet of laurel berries was placed upon them, and that they were thence called Baccalaurei. The word has probably but one origin, which would account for its various applications. Kilian adopts the opinion of Ludovicus Vives, that that soldier is called Battalarius, who has once been engaged in battle (battalia); and also, in literary warfare, he is called Battalarius, who has publicly engaged in dispute upon any subject. See also Du Cange and Menage.

Bachelor is now generally applied to any man before his marriage. Ben Jonson applies it to an unmarried woman.

Ych wol the marie wel with the thridde part of my londe,
To the noblest bacheler, that thyn herte wol to stonde.
R. Gloucester, p. 30.
Tho he ymad hym a fayr ost of this bachelerie,
He com ageyn in to this lond out of Scicie.-Id. p. 76.
With him ther was his sone, a yonge squier,
A lover, and a lusty bacheler,
With lockes crull as they were laide in press.
Chaucer. Prologue, v. 80.

Phebus, that was flour of bachelerie,
As wel in fredom, as in chivalrie.

So thro' the whole course of his bachellorship there was never any one in the then memory of man (so I have been informed by certain seniors of that college at my first coming thereunto) that ever went beyond him [John Hales] for subtle disputations in philosophy, for his eloquent declamations and orations; as also for his exact knowledge in the Greek tongue.-Wood. Athena Oxon. vol. ii. p. 109.

It would not, methinks, be amiss if an old batchelor, who lives in contempt of matrimony, were obliged to give a portion to an old maid who is willing to enter into it.

Tatler, No. 261.

It must disappoint every reader's expectation, that, when at the usual time he [Swift] claimed the bachelorship of arts, he was found by the examiners too conspicuously deficient for regular admission, and obtained his degree at last by special favor; a term used in that university to denote want of merit.-Johnson. Life of Swift.

BACK, v. BACK, П. BACK, ad. BA'CKED.

A. S. Bac, Bac; Ger. Bach; Sw. Bak. See BACKWARD.

To back a horse, is to mount upon a horse's back; and also to move him backwards.

To back a friend, &c. is to stand to his back, to support, uphold, assist, encourage him.

Back is much used as a prefix: before nouns it may be denoted an adjective; before verbs, an adverb.

Philip of Flandres fleih & turned sonne the bak,
& Thebald nouht ne deih, schame of tham men spak.
R. Brunne, p. 133.
Backe hem nogt bote lete hem worthe tyl Leaute be justice,
And have power to punyshe hym.-Piers Plouhman, p. 26.
Hire yelwe here was broided in a tresse,
Behind hire back, a yerde long I gesse.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1052.

This moder is deuided on the backhalfe with a line that cometh discendynge fro the ring downe to the netherest bordure. Id. The Conclusions of the Astrolabie.

Where behynde a man's backe

For though he preise, he fint some lacke,
Whiche of his tale is ay the laste,

That all the price shall ouercaste.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii. Not the bewtie of his body, not the great occasio of sinne, were able to pull him back into the voluptuouse brode way, that leadeth to hell.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 6.

Richarde the Third, little of stature, ill fetured of limmes, croke backed, his left shoulder much higher then his right, hard fauoured of visage.-Id. Ib. p. 37.

Then tooke she her strong lance, with steele made keene,
Great, massie, actiue, that whole hoasts of men
(Though all heroes) conquers; if her ire
Their wrongs inflame, backt by so great a sire.
Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. i.

BACKBITE. BA'CKBITER. BACKBITING.

A word truly elegant, says Skinner, and worthy to be compared with any of Greek

composition: it signifies

To calumniate the absent, to detract or dero gate from the reputation of the absent; formed from our back and bite, q. d. to bite at the back o any one, (i. e.) when he averts his face, and pre sents his back.

To defame, to slander, to revile, (any one ab sent.)

In A. S. Bacslitol, from Slitan, to slit, to tear in picces, is a backbiter, a slanderer.

Gut am ich brocor of bagge bytynge. and blame menne

My britheren nyle ye bacbite ech othire: he that bacbiti his brothir, either that demeth his brothir, bacbitith the law and demeth the lawe.-Wiclif. James, c. 4.

Backbite not one another, brethre. He that backbiteth h brother, and he that iudgeth hys brother, backebiteth t lawe, and iudgeth the law.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

This sinne of backbiting or detracting hath certain spic as thus: som man preiseth his neighbour by a wicked tente, for he maketh alway a wicked knotte at the last en alway he maketh a but at the last ende, that is digne more blame, than is worth all the preising. The seco spice is, that if a man be good, or doth or sayth a thing good entente, the backbiter wol turne all that goodnesse so doun to his shrewde entente.

Chaucer. The Personnes T

-Many envious tale is stered, Where that it maie not be answered. But yet full ofte it is beleued And many a worthy loue is greued Through backbityng of fals enuie.-Gower. Con. A. b He [M. Marcellus] knew full well that there were m Sicilians in the townes and villages neere unto the backbiters and slaunderers of him, whom for his owne he was so far off from hindering, but that they might fi for all him, divulgate and publish abroad in Rome, all t crimes which were devised and spoken against him b adversaries.-Holland. Livy, p. 604.

And the apostle ranks back-biters with fornicators, murderers, and haters of God; and with those of whom expressly said that they shall not inherit the kingdo God.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 43.

And if thou were of suche lignage, That thou to me were of parage, And that thy father were a pere, As he is nowe a bachilere.

So siker as I haue a life,

Thou shuldest than be my wife.-Gower. Con. A. b. i.

Faire maide send forth thine eye, this youthful parcell

Of noble balchellors, stand at my bestowing,
Ore whom both soueraigne power, and father's voice
I haue to vse; thy franke election make,
Thou hast power to choose, and they none to forsake.
Shakespeare. All's Well, Act ii. sc. 3.

Wee doe not truste your vncle, hee woulde keepe you
A batchler still, by keeping of your portion:
And keepe you not alone without a husband,

But in a sicknesse.-B. Jonson. The Magnetick Lady.

Sin is never at a stay; if we do not retreat from it, we shall advance in it; and the farther on we go, the more we have to come back.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 16.

See I not gaunt revenge, ensanguin'd slaughter,
And mad ambition, clinging to thy soul,
Eager to snatch thee back to their domain,
Back to a vain and miserable world?-Mason. Caraclacus.

For ghostly counsel; if it either fall

Below the exigence, or be not back'd
With show of love, at least with hopeful proof
Of some sincerity on th' giver's part;

To slide, or slip, back; (sc.) from good virtuous principles or practices; to return to to forsake or abandon good for evil.

Onias with many lyke backfallers from God fl Egypte.-Joye. Expos. of Daniel, c. 11.

Corrupting Nero to all kinde of mischiefe, some attempting vnwitting to him, and at last a traitor an slider from him; whereupon both the ill and well w Nero, vpon diuers respects, cried out importunatly him away.-Savile. Tacitus. Hist. b.i.

Neither fear, neither danger, neither yet doubti backsliding, can utterly destroy and quench the God's elect, but that alwayes there remaineth wit some root and spark of faith, howbeit in their angui neither feel nor can discern the same.

John Knox. The Admonitio

I have tasted of the sweetness of the heavenly gif the powers of the world to come, yet I have fallen my carnal temper, from the holy ways of God, a again backslided and wallowed in my former po from which I seemed sometimes to be cleansed and Hopkins. Work

He is able to save the oldest sinners, those that quently relapsed into the same sins, and the grea most notorious backsliders, if they do but at last re return to him.-Id. Ib. p. 536.

If you get but once handsomly off, you are made ever after; for you will be free from all baffles and affronts. Howell, b. ii. Let. 14.

We may here take notice of another stratagem and policy of the devil in this, both to obscure the miracles of our Saviour Christ, and to weaken men's faith in the Messiah, and baffle the notion of it.-Cudworth. Intel. System, p. 269.

Experience, that great baffler of speculation, assures us the thing is too possible, and brings, in all ages, matter of fact to confute our speculations.-Gov. of the Tongue.

But, though the felon on his back could dare
The dreadful leap, more rational, his steed
Declin'd the death, and wheeling swiftly round,
Or e'er his hoof had press'd the crumbling verge,
Baffled his rider, sav'd against his will!

Cowper. Task, b. vi.

BAG, v. A. S. Bælge, Balig, (belly.) Dut. BAG, n. Balgh; Ger. Baly. To bag, is to belly out, to swell; to bag game, &c. is to put into a bag.

To bag, in Chaucer, is to swell with pride, arrogance, self-conceit

She goeth vpright, and yet she halt

That baggeth foule, and loketh faire.-Chaucer. Dreame.
His bookes and his bagges many on
He layth beforn him on his counting bord.

Id. The Shipmannes Tale, v. 1312.

I sawe enuy in that painting
Had a wonderfull loking
For she ne looked but awrie

Or ouerthwart, all baggingly.-Id. Rom. of the Rose.

Which thing we should shortly doe, if we wold once tourne oure wallette that I tolde you of, and the bagge with other folkes faultes cast at oure backe, and caste the bagge that bereth our own faultes, cast it once before vs at our brest. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 233.

For that (as some hold) the females, or does of that kind, by licking of salt only, will conceive and be bagged without the company of males or bucks.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 597.

How doth an unwelcome dropsie bagge up the eyes, and mishape the face and body, with unpleasing and unkindly tumors.-Hall. The Fall of Pride.

This Gillippus did rip the seams of every bag in the bottom where the money was, and took a good sum out of every of them: and afterwards sewed them up again, not thinking that there had been a border upon every bag, upon the which was declared, the number and kinds of gold and silver that were therein.-North. Plutarch, p. 378.

Every one fancied himself threatned by the apparition as she [Poverty] stalked about the room, and began to lock their coffers, and tie their bags, with the utmost fear and trembling.-Tatler, No. 123.

True to his charge, the close pack'd load behind,
Yet careless what he brings, his one concern
Is to conduct it to the destin'd inn;

And having dropp'd th' expected bag, pass on.

Cowper. Task, b. iv.

BAGGAGE. Į From the same root as Bag. BAGGAGER. Dut. Bagagie; Fr. Bagage; It. Bagaglie; Sp. Bagajes; Sw. Bagage. It is applied to

The furniture, utensils and other articles, bagged, or conveyed in bags, for the use of an army, a traveller, &c.

Also to such articles in whatever manner conveyed; to any luggage, package; to the attendants upon such luggage, male or female.

To women of a similar character to those who follow with the baggage; and, less strictly, to any playful, wanton, or saucy female.

And to the barge me thought echone
They went, without was left not one

Horse male, trusse, ne baggage.-Chaucer. Dreame.

Howe hansomly they vpholde, and how stubburnely they continue theyr popyshe baggage of dumme ceremonies, idolatrous worshyppynges.-Udal. Ephes. Prologue.

After this the hole campe remoued wyth bag and baggage. and the same nyght in the euenyng kynge Henry with great pompe came to the towne of Leycester.

Hall. K. Rich. III. an. 3. The whole camp fled amain, the victuallers and baggagers forsaking their camps, and running all away for very fear. Ralegh. Hist. of the World, b. iii. c. 10. s. 3.

The lord deputy would not listen to any treaty with the contederates ot traitors and rebels; no, not so much as to their departure with bag and baggage, or free passage to any one particular person; nothing but an absolute surrender. Oldys. Life of Sir W. Ralegh.

One of them, that was older and more sunburnt than the rest, told him, that he had a widow in his line of life: upon which the knight cryed, Go, go, you are an idle baggage; and at the same time smiled upon me.-Spectator, No. 130.

You have long desired a visit from your grand-daughter. accompanied by me. For this purpose our baggage is actually making ready, and we are hastening to you with all the expedition the roads will permit. Melmoth. Pliny, b. iv. Let. 1.

Olivia and Sophia, too, promised to write, but seem to have forgotten me. Tell them they are two arrant little baggages, and that I am this moment in a most violent passion with them, yet still I know not how, though I want to bluster a little, my heart is respondent only to softer emotions.-Goldsmith. Vicar of Wakefield.

BAGPIPE, n. Į A wind instrument. From BAGPIPER. bag and pipe: the bag to hold or contain the air; the pipe, through which it is emitted or expelled.

A baggepipe wel coude he blowe and soune,
And therwithall he brought us out of toune.

Chaucer. The Prologue, v. 567.

I say to the that it is right well done, that pilgremys haue with them both syngers, and also pipers, that whan one of them that goeth barfote striketh his too upon a stone, and hurteth hym sore, and maketh hym to blede; it is well done that he or his felow begyn than a songe, or else take out of his bosome a bagge-pype for to driue away with soche myrthe the hurte of his felow.

State Trials. Trial of William Thorpe, Hen. IV. an. 8.

Now, by two-headed Janus Nature hath fram'd strange fellowes in her time: Some that will euermore peepe through their eyes, And laugh like parrats at a bag-piper.

Shakespeare. Merchant of Venice, Act i. sc. 1.

Dorilus his dog doth chide,

Lays his well-tun'd bagpipe by,
And his sheep-hook casts aside;
There," quoth he, "together lie."

Drayton. The Shepherd's Sirena.
Bartering his venal wit for sums of gold,
He cast himself into the saint-like mould;
Groan'd, sigh'd, and pray'd, while godliness was gain,
The loudest bagpipe of the squeaking_train.

Dryden. The Medal.

BAIL, v. Fr. Bailler, to deliver; Dutch, BAIL, n. Bael, Bailliu; (in its legal apBA'ILABLE. plication) because a defendant, BAILIFF. &c. is delivered or bailed to his BA'ILY. sureties, upon their giving secuBA'ILIWICK. rity for his appearance. BA'ILMENT. Bailiff, a person to whom authority, care, guardianship, or jurisdiction, is delivered. Bail or baillie, the extent or compass, limit, or bound, of such jurisdiction. Bailment.

See the quotation from Blackstone.

To the baylys of the toun hastiliche heod wende,
That he the moder and the sone to the kyng sende.
R. Gloucester, p. 129.

Now wendes duke Henry vnto Normandie,
Seysine has plenerly of alle his cheualrie,
& Steuen leues here, Inglond is his balie.

R. Brunne, p. 127. Shireues, balifes he ches, that office couthe guye.

Now brother, quod this Sompnour, I you pray,
Teche me, while that we riden by the way,
(Sith that ye ben a baillif as am I)
Som subtiltee.

Id. p. 281.

Chaucer. The Freres Tale, v. 7002.

And the baylyf seide withynne himsilf, what schal I do ; for my lord takith awey fro me the baylie, delue may I not; I schame to begge.-Wiclif. Luke, c. 16.

The next mornyng betymes, therle departed fro Tiorney, and came to saynt Amande, on the syde towards Mortayne; and incōtynet they made assaute, feers and cruell, and wan at the first the bayles, and came to the gate towarde Mortaygne.-Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 60.

Howbeit, somtyme vitaylers would aduenture themselfe for wynning, when the hoost was aslepe to put themselfe within the bailes of Andwarpe, and so had into the towne. Id. Ib. vol. i. c. 354.

Euery denizen to fynde suertie for his good abearyng, and al the other if they would be bayled to fynde suerties for their trueth and allegeaunce or els to be kept in prison, for the portes were so kept that they could not five. Hall. Hen. VIII. an 14.

And shortly after, by great laboure and suyte made, al the forsayd persones, which shuld be in the kepyng of y baylly of the castell of Wyndesore were delyuered, and cam to London.-Fabyan. Hen. III. an. 1266.

Architas, whan he had ben a long space out of his coun trey, & at his retourne foude his possessyons and goode dystroyed and wasted, sayde to his balyfe, I wolde surel punysshe the, if I shulde not be angry. Elyot. Governor, b. iii. c. 20 After which ende thus made, consulat of the towne wer restoryd agayne to theyr habyte and rule, and to them wa admytted all theyr former oflycys and rule of ye towne, ex cepte the offyce of ballywycke.-Fabyan. Rich. II. an. 1377

Also the keeper of Newgate was sent to the Marshalsea for giuing liberty to Doctor Powell and Doctor Abell hi prisoners to go under baile.-Stow. Hen. VIII, an. 1540. Banks. Why, foolish boy, dost thou know him? Cud. No matter if I do or not. He's bailable, I am sure by law. But if the dog's word will not be taken, mine shall Banks. Thou bail for a dog.

Ford. The Witch of Edmonton, Act iv. sc. 1

Whereas the time and space of life is very short that i given unto man, as short as it is, yet sleep, as Ariston sait! like unto a false baily or publicane, taketh the half there for itself.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 812.

Though he [Lord Danby] offered a very long and learne argument for their bailing him, the judges of the King Bench, even Sanders himself, were afraid to meddle in i But Jeffries was bolder, so he bailed him.

Bp. Burnet. Own Time, b. ii

In England the person imprisoned has a right to mak himself be brought before one of the twelve judges; and that judge, after considering the case, find that the offend is bailable, the person is admitted to bail; and the la declares that excessive bail shall not be required. Beattie. Moral Science, vol. ii. pt. li. c.

The sheriff being answerable for the misdemeanors these bailiffs, they are therefore usually bound in an oblig tion with sureties for the due execution of their office, a thence are called bound-bailiffs; which the common peop have corrupted into a much more homely appellation. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c.

As the king's bailiff, it is his business to preserve t rights of the king within his bailiwick; for so his county frequently called in the writs; a word introduced by t princes in the Norman line, in imitation of the Fren whose territory is divided into bailiwicks, as that of E land into counties.-Id. Ib.

Bailment, from the French bailler, to deliver, is a deliv of goods in trust, upon a contract expressed or impli that the trust shall be faithfully executed on the part of bailee.-Id. Ib. b. ii. c. 30.

BAIN, v. BAIN, n. BA'GNIO.

Fr. Baigner; It. Bagnare; S Bannare. All from the Lat. B neum, (Baneum, banum, ba Menage.) Balneum, perhaps Пapa то anоВа Tas avias: quod pellat ex animo dolorem ac tristitio (Voss.)

To wet, to wash, to bathe.

They lefte no gentylmen's house vnbrent or cast down the erth; and thanne they cume agayne to Marlle, the e house, and beate downe all that they had left städyng bef and ther they founde the cradell wherein the erle was in his youthe, and brake it all to peces, and a fayre ba wherin he was wont to be bayned; also they beate downe chappell, and bare away the bell. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. And when salt teares do bain my brest. Where loue his pleasaunt traines hath sowen, Her beauty hath the fruites opprest, Ere that the buds were sprong and blowne. Surrey. The Restless S

And Priam eke in vaine how he did runne
To armes, whom Pyrrhus with despite hath done
To cruel death, and bath'd him in the baine,
Of his sonne's blood before the altar slaine.
Mirror for Magistrates, P.

When I awaking all inragde

doe baine my breast with streames, And make my smokie sighes to skyes,

their vpwarde waie to take,

Thus with a surge of teares bedewde,

(O bed) I thee forsake.-Turberville. To his Bed.

Taking no pleasure nor delight in the world afterw no more than the bain-keeper's poor asse, which can billets and fagots of drie brush and sticks to kindle fir to heate the stouphes, is evermore full of smoak, soot, and sinders; but hath no benefit at all of the bain, a never bathed, washed, warmed, rubbed, scoured, and clean.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 174.

Though watchful servants to the bagnio come, They're ne'er admitted to the bathing room. Congreve. Ovid, b. iii. im BAIRN or BARNE, i. e. BARN, (qv.); so nounced; and also so written in ancient ba See in Percy.

BAIT, n.

A. S. Bitan, to bait or bite.

BAIT, C. Bit or Bait, whether used (like BAITING, n.) morso, morceau, or morsel,) for a small piece, part, or portion of any thing; or for that part of a bridle, which is put into a horse's uth; or for that hasty refreshment which man or beast takes upon a journey; or for that temptato which is offered by treachery to fish or fool; is but one word differently spelled, and is the past part of the verb, to bite. (Tooke, v. ii. p. 122.)

eres and dayes fleet this creature

Thurghout the see of Grece, unto the straite

of Maroc, as it was hire aventure:

O many a sory mele now may she baite.

Chascer. The Man of Lawes Tale, v. 4887. Whehe thyng whan the crafty temptoure perceyued, kyng hym to be nothyng but a man, (althoughe in dede a table and a wonderfull man,) he casteth his hooke, ged with ye enticement of vayne glory, for therwith y they be taken, which seme to endeuour to the hyest erferion-Udal. Matthew, c. 4.

For many men be not onely by his prosperose successe anned supposing it to be diuine and perpetuall, (but also ethel be bounde to him by giftes and benefits) thei be A were fysshes take with a swete beyght.

Joye. The Exposicion of Daniel, c. 8.

And for a traith begilde with self conceit,

I thought that men would throwe rewards on me; But as a fish seld bites without a baight,

So one unforst, men's needs will hear or see.

Gascoigne. A Remembravnce.

& they tryed at Douer tyll theyr horses were unshypped, than they rode to Caunterbury: and wheresoeuer they erlay, their hostes were payed: at last they came to E and there they founde Kyng Henry and part of his we-Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 246.

A oft hast thou fish'd, but sped not straight,
To book and net thou beat'st the water round:
Otimes the place thou changest, oft the bait;
And catching nothing, still and still dost wait.
Leam by thy trade to cure thee: time hath found.
In desprate cures, a salve for ev'ry wound.
The fsh. long playing with the bailed hook,
At last is caught: thus many a nymph is took.

P. Fletcher. Piscatory Eclogue.

Within the gloomy hole of this pale wight,
The serpent woo'd him with his charmes to inn,
There he might bait the day, and rest the night:
Bet under that same bait a fearful grin,
Was ready to entangle him in sin.

G. Fletcher, Christ's Triumph on Earth.

For the fame goeth, that Hercules vpon a time, after hee adine Geryen, drave that way exceeding faire oxen, and here the river Tibris, where hee had swum ouer with his tave are him, laid him downe in a faire greene meddow, w to refresh himself, being wearie of his way, as also treat and bait his cattell in so plentifull grasse and forage. Holland. Livy, p. 7.

Donne. An Elegy.

L. The rinsing way we 'll follow, We bait, that men may bite fair, and not be frighted. Beaum & Fitch. The Wild Goose Chase, Act iii. sc. 1.

Fur tempted with imaginary bays,

Fed with immortal hopes and empty praise;
He fame pursues, that fair and treacherous bait,
Grow, wise when he's undone, repents when 'tis too late.
Yalden. Epistolary Ode.

Per this misfortune careless Jane,
Are yourself, was loudly rated:

And madam, getting up again,

With her own hand the mouse-trap baited.

Prior. A Reasonable Affliction.

The diet was scarcely published, when all the traps in
Kota were baited with cheese; numberless mice
taken and destroyed; but still the much wished for
Tis act among the number.
Goldsmith. Citizen of the World.

Alas! expect it not. We found no bait

pt as in thy country. Doing good, interested good, is not our trade.-Cowper. Task, b. i.

He a hundred years, or e'er so few,
petition all, and nothing new;

A were thousands meet, but none can stay,
As where travellers bait, then post away.

BAIT, BAIT,&

Fawkes. The Miseries of Old Age. Baizen, incitare canes vel falcones venandi causa. Verel, in Ind. Beita, incitare falcones aut canes pradam. (Wachter.) In Chaucer, Huce's Tale, v. 87, (says Junius) the stake to

which bears, bulls, &c. are fastened to be attacked by dogs is called, baye. "As boistous as is bere at bay." Hence (he adds) is baighte; now written baite. And it is

Formed regularly from to bay (qv.), thus Bayed, bay'd, bayt, bait.

He shall be baighted as a bere.

Chaucer. Plowman's Tale, v. 588. Tyndal saith that ther is nothyng heard in the church among us, but houtyng, buzsyng, and crying out, lyke halowyng of the foxe or bayting of beares. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 414. If the quere bee lowde; then they crye oute. If they synge anye thyng; yet they halowe and baite. Id. Ib. c. 1. p. 415. Factious quarels and enmities there were exceeding many, that tormented him; and he plagued others with as many: and hard it is to say or set downe, whether hee were urged and pressed upon by the nobilitie, or himselfe coursed and baited them more.-Holland. Livivs, p. 1050.

Iniurious Hermia, most vngratefull maid,
Haue you conspir'd, have you with these contriu'd
To baite me, with this foule derision?

Shakespeare. Mids. Night's Dreame, Act iii. sc. 2.
Clif. Are these thy beares? We'el bate thy bears to death,
And manacle the berard [bear-ward] in their chaines,
If thou dar'st bring them to thy bayting place.
Id. 2 Part Hen. VI. Act v. sc. 1.
Oftentimes also he represented the Circensian games in
the Vaticane, and other whiles after every five courses hee
brought in the baiting of wild beastes.

Holland. Suetonius, p. 164.
A. S. Bacan; Dut. Bakken;
Ger. Backen; Sw. Baca.
To dry by heat.

Withouten bake mete never was his hous,
Of fish and flesh.

Chaucer. Prologue, v. 346.
Loke of Egipt the king, dan Pharao,
His baker and his boteler also,
Wheder they ne felten non effect in dremes.

Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15,141.

She saide her husbande was so wayward that he woulde neuer be pleased. For if his brede quod she be dowe baken, than he is angry. Mary, no meruayle & her gossep. Mary and wote ye what gossep, quod she. And if I bake it all to harde colys, yet is he not content neither. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 208.

For the aungell affirmed it (and Daniel sawe before his fete to be made and bakt but of britel bakkery) his bodye therfore now releth and staggerth.

Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 12.

I hold that curiosities, baking of meats, and superfluous provisions upon this day are to be avoided, as being an unnecessary breaking of the rest of this day, and unbeseeming the solemnity of it.-Haie. Cont. On the Lord's day.

The same day in the afternoone, were two men hanged on a gibbet in Paules Church yard by martial law, the one John Egerley, seruant to the Duke of Suffolke, and late Sheriffe of Leicester, the other a baker, one of the white coates sent out of the cittie against Wyat.

ascertain, state, and settle the difference of the proportions, sums, or amounts.

Among hem alle hii were syker al, wythoute balance,
Of an hondred thousend hors. R. Gloucester, p. 200.

Ten thousand mark and mo, that now er in balance,
And I betraised of alle, bi God, that alle may auance,
I salle bring him to stalle, but he mak me acquitance.
R. Brunne, p. 156.

Ye wolden not forgon his acquaintance
For mochel good, I dare lay in balance
All that I have in my possession.

Chaucer. The Chanones Yemannes Prol. v. 16,081.
After Virgo to reken in euen
Libra sit in the nombre of seuen,
Whiche hath figure and resemblance
Unto a man, whiche a balance
Beareth in his honde, as for to weye.

Gower. Con. A. b. vii.

And lo a blak hors, and he that saat on him hadde a balance in his hond.-Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 6.

And I beheld, and lo a blacke hors: and he that sate on him, had a payre of balances in hys hande.-Bible, 1551. Ib. He said, that he would all the earth vp-take, And all the sea divided each from eyther: So would he of the fire one ballaunce make, And one of th' ayre, without or wind or weather; Then would he ballaunce heaven and hell together, And all that did within them all containe.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 2.

The Gauls at the first privily began to deal falsly with them; but afterwards they openly stayed the ballance, and would not let them weigh no more, whereat the Romans began to be angry with them. Then Brennus in scorn and mockery to despight them more, pluckt off his sword. girdle and all, and put it into the ballance where the gold was weighed.-North. Plutarch, p. 124.

He [Mr. Rushworth] asks, Who is so blind, as not to see that these things are to be found in Scripture by a sensible, common, and discreet reading of it; though perhaps by a rigorous and exact balancing of every particular word and syllable, any of these things would vanish away-we know not how?-Tillotson. Rule of Faith, pt. ii. s. 3.

Him Science taught by mystic lore to trace
The planets wheeling in eternal race;
To mark the ship, in floating balance held,
By earth attracted, and by seas repell'd.

Falconer. The Shipwreck, c. 1.

As sure as God is just, and the gospel is true, so surely will the judgments of the last day be inflicted on all impenitent offenders, not promiscuously and indiscriminately, but in weight and measure precisely balancing their several demerits.-Porteus, vol. i. Ser. 15.

BALCONY, or BALCONY.

For the cariage whereof, hee tooke up even the passengers wagons that usually were hired, yea, the very jades which serued mils and backe-houses.-Holland. Suetonius, p. 141.

But pass-the Esculapian crew,

Who eat and quaff the best,
They seldom miss to bake and brew

Or lin to break their fast.-Prior. Wandering Pilgrim.
Nor seldom waits,
Dependant on the baker's punctual call,
To hear his creaking panniers at the door.
Angry and sad, and his last crust consum'd.

BALANCE, v. BALANCE, n. BA'LANCER.

Cowper. Task, b. i. Dut. Balance; Fr. Ba

Balanga Lat. Bilanz; from BALANCING, n. bis and lanx. Lanx libræ is the plate, platter or basin in which the things to be weighed, or divided and distributed according to their weight, were placed; perhaps from lancinare, to divide or distribute, or separate into portions. See Vossius-Lancea et lanx.

To divide by weight into equal proportions; to bring to an equipoise; to keep in equipoise; to have equal weight, force, power, influence.

To try or prove the proportions; to hesitate, to waver or totter on the beam of the scales, when the weights are equal.

To distribute and arrange accounts, so as to

This fair, and animated night,
In sables drest; whose curls of light
Are with a shade of cypress veil'd:
Not from the Stygian deeps exhal'd,
But from heav'ns bright balcony came;
Not dropping dew, but shedding flame.

Sherburne. Night

And who shall silence all the airs and madrigals that whisper softness in chambers? The windows also, and the balconies must be thought on; there are shrewd books, with dangerous frontispieces, set for sale; who shall prohibit them, shall twenty licensers?

Milton. Speech for the Lib. of Unlic. Printing. As clever Tom Clinch, while the rabble was bawling, Rode stately through Holbourn to die in his calling; The maids to the doors and the balconies ran, And said, "Lack-a-day, he's a proper young man." Swift. Tom Clinch.

Skinner prefers to derive it from

Now morning, rob'd in safron-colour'd gown, Her head with pink and pea-green ribbands dress'd, Climbs the celestial staircase, and looks down From out the gilt balcony of the east.-Jenyrs. An Ode. BALD. BA'LDLY. the Fr. Pelé, part. of the verb, BALDNESS. Peler; i. e. to depilate or deprive of hair. The ancient manner of writing the word gives some countenance to the supposition that it is the past part. of the verb, to ball; to reduce to the roundness and smoothness of a ball, by

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