One arith hir father was a Pallant,

Which in his time was a geant,

A quel man, a bataylous.—Gower. Con. A. b. v.

Cemas with a great force brake vppon the left battaile.
Brende. Quintus Curtius, fol. 248.

Sone after this, I saw an elephant,
Adorn'd with bells and bosses gorgeouslie,
That on his backe did beare (as batteilant)

A gilden towre, which shone exceedinglie.
Spenser. Visions of the World's Vanitie.

Which when the wakefull elfe perceived, straight way
He started vp, and did himselfe prepare,

In sun-bright armes, and battailous array:
For with that Fagan proude he combat will that day.
Id. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 5.

He through the armed files

Darts his experienc't eye, and soon traverse
The whole battalion views, thir order due,
Thir visages and stature as of gods.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i. We find by a sad experience that few questions are well stated; and when they are, they are not consented to: and when they are agreed on by both sides that they are well stated, it is nothing else but a drawing up the armies in batalia with great skill and discipline; the next thing they dos, they thrust their swords into one another's sides. Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 6.

See, with what outrage from the frosty north,
The early valiant Swede draws forth his wings
la battailous array, while Volga's stream
Sends apposite, in shaggy armour clad,
Her borderers.

J. Philips. Blenheim.

There were letters of the 17th from Ghent, which give an account, that the enemy had formed a design to surprise Two battalions of the allies which lay at Alost; but those Battalions received advice of their march, and retired to Dendermond-Tatler, No. 1.

Twe rival armies all the plain o'erspread,

Each in battalia rang'd, and shining arms array'd:
With eager eyes beholding both from far
Nammer, the prize and mistress of the war.

Congreve. To the King, on the taking of Namur.

Near and more near descends the dreadful shade,
And now in battailous array display'd,
On sounding wings, and screaming in their ire,
The cranes rush onward, and the fight require.

BATTEL, . BATTEL, 1.

BATTEL, adj. BATTABLE. BATTLER B1'TFUL. BATTLING, R.

Beattie. Pygmao-Ĝerano-Machia.

See to BAIT. Battel, (a term at Eaton for the small portion of food, which in addition to the college allowance, the collegers receive from their dames,) is bat-dæl. Bat-ful (a favourite term of Drayton,) is a similar compound of the two participles bat and full, (Tooke, ii. 123.) Battler is not an uncommon word in Wood's Athena.

Upon this noun Battel, the verb appears to have been formed; and to be applied, consequentially

To fatten, to fertilize; to render fruitful or productive; because abounding in baites, bites, or

bits.

Thomas Sorrocold, or Sorocold was born in Lancashire, became a battler or student of Brazen-nose Coll. an. 1578, aged 17 years or thereabouts.-Wood. Athena Oxon.

Witness the fair pasture nigh Haddon (belonging to the Earl of Rutland) so incredibly battling of catel that one proffered to surround it with shillings to purchase it; which because to be set side-ways (not edge-ways) were refused. Fuller. Worthies. Derbyshire.

The batful pastures fenc'd, and most with quick-set mound,
The sundry sorts of soil, diversity of ground.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 3.
Whereas the lowly vale, as earthly, like itself,
Doth never further look than how to purchase pelf.
And of their batful sites, the vales that boast them thus,
Ne'er had been what they are, had it not been for us.
Id. Ib. s. 7.
Manure the batful March, until they be imbrac'd
In Sabrin's soveraign arms.
The fertile land of bateful Brytannie.

Id. Ib.

Slowe. The Romanes. BATTEN. This word seems to have succeeded, and to have supplanted, the verb to battel : and to be from the same A. S. verb Batan, to bite, to feed, and, consequentially

To fatten, or become fat; roll or wallow in fatness or full feeding; to swell, or belly out.

Corio. Follow your function, go, and batten on colde bits. Shakespeare. Coriolanus.

Itha. Why, master, will you poison her with a mess of rice

Porridge? that will preserve life, and make her round and plump,

And batten more than you are aware.

Marlow. The Jew of Malta, Act iii. Sket. A man may batten there in a week only, with hot loaves and butter, and a lusty cup of muscadine and sugar at breakfast, though he make never a meal all the month after.-Ford. Perkin Warbeck, Act iv. sc. 2.

Some wallowing in the grass, there lie awhile to batten;
Some sent away to kill; some thither brought to fatten.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 18.
The meadows here, with battening ooze enrich'd,
Give spirit to the grass.
J. Philips. Cider, b. i.
While paddling ducks the standing lake desire,
Or battening hogs roll in the stinking mire.
Gay. The Shep. Weck.
While ardent Sirius shoots a thirsty ray,
And autumn yet witholds retreating day,
They range at large, and gambol through the stream,
Frisk on the beach, or batten in the beam.
Brooke. Universal Beauty, b. vi.

Go then the moan of woe demands thine aid:
Pride's licens'd outrage claims thy slumbering ire,
Pale genius roams the bleak neglected shade,
And battening avarice mocks the tuneless lyre.

BATTER, v. BATTER, n. BATTERER.

BATTERY.

Beattie. The Judgement of Paris.

Fr. Battre; It. Battere; Ger. Batten; from the A. S. Beatan, to beat.

To beat or knock against, to strike, to bruise ;-to wear out with hard usage. Batter-Milk and flour, or other similar ingredients, batter'd or beaten together.

Than stondeth the sinne of contumelie or strif and cheste, and battereth and forgeth by vilians reprevinges.

Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

The Frenchemen learnyng wit by this great perill, left their scalynge, and deuised dayly, howe to batter and breake the walles & fortifications.-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 28.

Well on (as yet) our battred barke did passe, And brought the rest within a myle of lande, Then thought I sure now neede not I to passe, For I can swymme and so escape this sande. Gascoigne. Hearbes. He called the inhabitauntes and men of warre together declaryng their great necessitie, and sayd the battery of the walles discorages vs not, but the greate necessitie of victalles.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 13.

Moreover, take but three sextares or quarts of it being steeped, and it will yeeld a measure called modius of thicke grewell or batter called in Latin puls.

Holland. Plinie, b. xviii. c. 7. For now were the walls beaten with the rams, and many parts thereof shaken and battered: and at one place above the rest, by continual batterie there was such a breach, as the towne lay open and naked to the enemie. Id. Livivs, p. 397. "Bring me," saith he, "the harness that I wore At Teuxbury, which from that day no more Hath felt the battries of a ciuill strife, Nor stood betweene destruction and my life." Sir J. Beaumont. Bosworth Field.

Cowper. Task, b iii.

If houses strongly built,

and towers battled hie, By force of blast be ouerthrowne When Eols impes doe flie.

Turberville. Pyndara's Answer. But yet that his worke should log indure all tempestes and stormes, he addeth a batelment and weatherstone to auoyde and shote of the rayne, for feare it should soke in and make his buildyng decay.-Frith. Workes, p. 85.

And he is bred out of that bloodie straine, That haunted vs in our familiar pathes : Witnesse our too much memorable shame, When Cressy battell fatally was strucke, And all our princes captiu'd, by the hand Of that black name; Edward, black prince of Wales. Shakespeare. Hen. V. Act ii. sc. 4. Neither had it been so dishonourable unto him, when he came to joyn with Darius hand to hand, if he had been massacred among a number of great horses, with the swordes, glaives, and battel-ares of the Persians fighting for the empire.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 1046.

And as for Colotes, he resembleth for all the world young children who newly begin to learn their A. B. C. for being used to pronounce and name the letters which they see engraven on their own battleders, when they find them written elsewhere, they stick at them, and are much troubled. Id. Ib. p. 916

Yet leader seem'd Each warriour single as in chief, expert When to advance, or stand, or turn the sway Of battel; open when, and when to close The ridges of grim warr.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vi.

So broad [the wall of Babylon] that six chariots could well drive together at the top, and so battlemented that they could not fall. Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 228.

Does he delight to hear bold seraphs tell
How Michael battl'd, and the dragon fell:
Or mix'd with milder cherubim, to glow
In hymns of love, not ill essay'd below.

Tickell. To the Earl of Warwick.
These with discerning hand thou knew'st to range,
(Young as thou wast) and in the well-fram'd models,
Thou show'st where towers or battlements should rise,
Where gates should open, or where walls should compass.
Prior. Second Hymn of Callimachus.

He is, answered he, a character you have not yet perhaps observ'd. You have heard of battle-painters, have mentioned battle-poets; but this is a battle-critick.

Tatler, No. 65.

Then, wide as air, the livid fury spread,
And high her head above the stormy clouds,
She blaz'd in omens, swell'd the groaning winds
With wild surmises, ballings, sounds of war.
Thomson. Liberty, pt. iv.

Such virtue Clelia, Cocles, Manlius rous'd:
Such were the Fabii, Decii; so inspir'd,
The Scipios battled, and the Gracchi spoke:
So rose the Roman state.-Dyer. The Ruins of Rome.

What constitutes a state?

Not high rais'd battlements or labor'd mound,

Thick wall or moated gate;

Not cities proud with spires and turrets crown'd.

Sir W. Jones. An Ode in Imitation of Alcæus.

BATTOLOGIZE.

BATTO'LOGIST.

BATTO'LOGY.

}

Προσευχόμενοι δε μη βαττολογήσητε. But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, (Matt. vi. 7.) The Greek, says Dr. Hammond, is literally, to do as Battus did. He adds from Suidas; battologie is multiplying of words. The word itself is taken from one Battus, who made long hymns consisting of many lines, full of tautologies. Hesychius explains itEmpty, idle, unseasonable discourse.

After the eastern mode, they wagged their bodies, bowing their heads, and battologizing the name Allough Whoddaw and Mahumet very often.-Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 191.

Should a truly dull battologist, that is of Ausonius's character, quam pauca, quam diu loquuntur Attici? that an hour by the glass speaketh nothing; should such a one, I say, and a deserving eminent preacher change sermons; people would not only come thicker, but return satisfied.

Whitlock. Manners of the English, p. 209.

I cannot see how he will escape that heathenish battology of multiplying words, which Christ himself that has the putting up of our prayers, told us would not be acceptable in heaven. Milton. Animad, upon the Remonstrants, &c.

If this latter clause should be in the præter tense too, hath chosen, (as the king and his mistaken counsel object) it would be a mere surplusage or battology.

Prynne. Treachery & Disloyalty, pt. ii. p. 67. BAUBE/E. As this coin bore the bust of James VI. when young, some have imagined that it received its designation, as exhibiting the figure of a baby. But the name, as well as the coin, Dr. Jamieson adds, existed before his reign. Pinkerton, however, with whose derivation Dr. Jamieson declares himself satisfied, ascribes the first use of the word to a copper coin struck in the reign of James VI. He derives it from basbillon, the worst kind of billon. (On Medals, vol. ii. p. 109.)

And as to her false accusation of spoil, we did remit us to the conscience of Mr. Robert Richeson, master of the coining-house, who from our hands received silver, gold, and mettal, as well coined as un-coined, so that with us there did not remain the value of a bawbee, or farthing.

Knox. Hist. of Reformation of Scotiand, p. 161. BAVIN. Baven; the smaller trees, whose sole use is for the fire (Skinner); - perhaps, Dut. Bauwen; Ger. Bawen, ædificare, to build; because it is made of

The fragments of trees cut for buildings.

But that which better is for you, and more deliteth me, To saue you from the sodeyne wast, vain cinderlike to be; Which lasting better likes in love, as you your semble ply, Then doth the baven blase, that flames and fletteth by and by.

Vncertaine Auctors. The Answere.

He caused to be gathered out of all the villages thereby many firebrands; then tooke he certaine barins or small faggots of brush wood, dry sticks, and such like trash, and tyed them fast to the hornes of the oxen.

Holland. Livivs, p. 442.

"Twixt these the underwoody acres
Look'd just like bavins at a baker's,
To heat the oven mouth most ready,
Which seem'd to gape for heat already.

Charles Cotton. A Burlesque upon the Great Frost. BAWBLE. Fr. Babioles; It. Babbole, BuBA'WBLING. S vole. Skinner suggests that it may be from babe; It. Babolo (a dim. of his own formation), an infant; q.d. an infant's, a child's plaything. Spelman (voce baubella) from beau and belle.

Any light, pretty, shewy, trifle or toy.

And hapneth that the kynges foole

Sat by the fire upon a stole.

As he that with his bable plaide,

But yet he herde all that thei saide,

And thereof took thei no hede.-Gower. Con. A. b. vii.
A kinde of conquest

Cæsar made heere, but made not heere his bragge
Of came and saw, and ouer-came with shame
(The first that euer touch'd him) he was carried
From off our coast, twice-beaten and his shipping
(Poor ignorant baubles) on our terrible seas
Like egge-shels mou'd vpon their surges, crack'd
As easily 'gainst our rockes.

Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act iii. sc. 1.

When a man begins truly to fear God, and is in the agonies of mortification, all these new-nothings and euriosities will lye neglected by, as baubles do by children when they are deadly sick.-Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 3.

Du. That face of his I do remember well,
Yet when I saw it last, it was besmear'd
As blacke as Vulcan, in the smoake of warre:
A bawbling vessell was the captaine of,
For shallow draught and bulke vnprizable.

Shakespeare. Twelfth Night, Act v. sc. 1.
For who without a cap and bauble,
Having subdued a bear and rabble,
And might with honour have come off,
Would put it to a second proof?-Hudibras, pt. i. c. 3.
of a very honest man, notwithstanding he was reckoned a
At the same time I must needs say, he had the character
little weak, till he begun to sell his estate, and buy those

strange baubles that you have taken notice of.

Tatler, No. 221.

Whate'er was light, impertinent, and vain,
Whate'er was loose, indecent, and profane,
(So ripe was folly, folly to acquit)
Stood all absolv'd in that poor bauble, wit.

BAW. BAWD, v. BAWD, n. BAWD, adj. BA'WDY. BA'WDILY. BA'WDINESS. BA'WDRY. BA'WDSHIP.

Churchill. Gotham, b. iii.

Now nothing left, but wither'd pale and shrunk

To bawd for others, and go shares in punk.-Pope. Macer

The writer had by long experience observ'd, that in com pany very grave discourses have been followed by bawdry and therefore has turn'd the humour that way with grea success.-Tatler, No. 11.

The stage (whose art was once the mind to move
To noble daring, and to virtuous love,)
Precept, with pleasure mix'd, no more profest,
But dealt in double meaning bawdy jest.

BAWDRICKS.

Rowe. An Epistle to Flavia The Fr. Baudrier, to dress als curry and colour the hides of kine, &c. explained by Cotgrave to signify,-to make belt or baudricks; and Baudrier is derived by Menage through the medium of the Low Lat. Baldringus from the Lat. Balteus. Du Cange accounts very differently for Baldringus, baldring. He thinks i to be the ring, or belt of a bold (bald) man. A belt, a girdle, a bracelet. What a bragkyng maketh a beareward wt his sylue buttened bawdrieke, for pride of another mannes bere. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1272

Baude, adj. Mr. Tyrwhitt says, is joyous. Fr. Bauderie, baudrie, pimping, keeping a bawdy- of riche tyssue cut in cloth of siluer, on a great course The erle of Surrey hygh admyrall of Englande, in a coat house. Baudy, adj. dirty.-richely trapped, & a great whistell of gold, set with stone Bawdry, Skinner thinks, is and perle, hangyng at a great and massy chayne baudryc either from the Fr. Baude, wise, accompanyd with an C.Ix. gentlemen richly appareled on goodly horsses came to Blackheth, and there amiabl bauderie, bold, boldness, or from receaued ye ambassadors of Frauce.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 9 the Fr. Broderie from Broder, quasi border, a fringe or edge. Tha kyng Rycharde seynge the bonte of the Frensh

Baud in balderdash, and in ribaudry, are probably kynge, gaue to hym a bawderyke or coler of golde. the same word.

66

The Glossary to the reprint of Piers Plouhman, says, that baw is still, in Lancashire, used as an interjection of contempt and abhorrence: such usage is not confined to Lancashire. Dr. Jamieson tells us, that baugh, in Scotch, means “not good." Mr. Moore, in his Suffolk Words, says "bawda is, to abuse grossly." Baw, bawda, bawse, appear to be the same word, used to express (loudly) contempt, abhorrence; feelings appropriate to that which we call bad; or (the a pronounced broad) bawd; which is formed from baugh or baw, by the addition of the termination See Bauch, Bauchly, ed,-baugh-ed or baw-ed.

Fabyan. Rich. II. an. 1396 And in her hand a sharp bone-speare she held, And at her backe a bow and quiuer gay, Stuft with steel-headed darts, where-with she queld The saluage beasts in her victorious play, Knit with a golden bauldrick, which forelay Athwart her snow'y breast.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. Their scabberds and sheaths be set out with silver chape and their sword girdles, hangers, and bawdricks, ging againe with thin plates of silver.-Holland. Plinie, b.iii. c.l

BAWL. Skinner applauds the conjectur BA'WLER. of Minshew, that bawl is from ba bau, the noise of dogs; others from balare, whi sono vocis. Vossius, after Festus, considers to be formed It appears to be the dim. of Bay, bayel, or baw-el, bay'l, bawl. To clamour, to shout.

Yet as soone as we should once heare those hell hound should soone fall as clene from vs, as those other har these Turkes come yalping & balling vpo vs: our her

Bauchness, in Jamieson; and To BAY. Bawd, then, is bad: the etymology and application support each other. Baude, joyous, according to Tyrwhitt, is riotously joyous. Baud, dirty, foul, defiled, polluted. "Ye baw, quoth on:-ye bawe, quoth a brewere," (See P. Plouh-flee fro the houndes.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1254. man, pp. 205, 387,) i. e. ye talk contemptibly, vilely, badly. And it admits of conjecture, that this baw may be the root of the verb to balk, q.d. to do any thing bawdly, badly; or, as the Scotch write, bauchly, not so well as hoped or expected; and, thus, to disappoint, &c.

This false theef, this sompnour quod the frere,
Had alway baudes redy to his hond,
As any hauke to lure in Englelond.

Chaucer. The Freres Tale, v. 6922.

A wise man saied, as we may seen
Is no man wretched, but he it ween
Be he king, knight, or ribaude,
And many a ribaude is merrie and baude.

Id. Rom. of the Rose.
Whilom ther was dwelling in my contree
An archedeken, a man of high degree,
That boldely did execution
In punishing of fornication,
Of witchecraft, and eke of baudrie.

Id. The Freres Tale, v. 6887. His overest sloppe it is not worth a mite As in effect to him, so mote I go; It is all baudy and to-tore also.

Id. The Chanones Yemannes Prologue, v. 16,104. And this yere, in the month of August, in London were two baudes punysshed with werynge of raye hoods.

Fabyan. Hen. VI. an. 1440. Those archeheretikes frere Luther, and frere Huiskyn, wyth whose whoredome and baudrie frere Barns fyndeth no faute, doe not onely nothing repent it, but also like abhominable beastes boast it.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 737. Rhahab was not a Jewe, she was maystres of a howse of baldrye, and gate her lyuyng with no very honest gaynes of occupying. Udal. James, c. 2.

Bas. One word with your old bawdship; thou'dst been

better Rail'd at the sins thou worship'st than have thwarted My will. Ford. The Broken Heart, Act ii. sc. 1.

And these are so full of their confused circumlocutio that a man would thinke he heard Thersites with a frapli and bawling clamor to come out with a mishmash a hotch potch of most distastefull and unsavorie stuffe. Holland. Ammianus, p. 3

But this is got by casting pearl to hogs;
That bawl for freedom in their senseless mood.

Milton, Son.

A huge fat man in country-fair, Or city-church (no matter where,) Labour'd and push'd amidst the crowd, Still bawling out extremely loud, "Lord save us! why do people press!"-Prior. Alma, These persons are worse than bawlers, as much as a se enemy is more dangerous than a declared one.

66

Spectator, No. If I ever go to one of their play-houses, what with tr pets, hallooing behind the stage, and bawling upon it, I quite dizzy before the performance is over. Goldsmith. Citizen of the Wo BAWN. Mr. Todd (Spenser's Works, vol. p. 399.) observes that, bawn is evidently u by Spenser for an eminence." In the notes Swift's Poem, "The grand question debat whether Hamilton's bawn should be turned int barrack or a malthouse," it is said, that "a b was a place near the house, inclosed with mu stone walls, to keep the cattle from being st in the night;" and that Hamilton's bawn was large old house." In the Goth. Bauan ; ( Bauen; is, habitare, construere sedem ubi habi and bauain, domicilium, occurs, Mark, v. 3, " had his dwelling among the tombs." It appear have been applied to

Any habitation, dwelling, or edifice, whe constructed of stone, mud, earth, &c.

But these round hills and square bawnes, which you see stragly trenched and thrown up, were (they say) at first red for the same purpose, that people might assemble

elves therein, and therefore aunciently they were cat folkmotes, that is, a place of people, to meete or talke say thing that concerned any difference betweene parties and townships, which seemeth yet to me very requisite. Spenser. View of the State of Ireland.

Thus spoke to my lady the knight full of care,
Let me have your advice in a weighty affair;
This Hamilton's bawn, whilst it sticks on my hand,

I lose by the house what I get by the land;
But how to dispose of it to the best bidder,
For a barrack or malthouse, we now must consider.
Swift. The Grand Question debated.

BAWSE. The writer perhaps means Buss, (qr.)

Beyond this cape fore-mentioned lie certain Indian towns, fram whence, as we passed by, came many of the people in rain bases made of seals' skins; of which two being ked together of a just length and side by side, resemble in fashion or form of a boat.

The World encompassed by Sir F. Drake, an. 1578. BAWSE. See BASE.

His mittons were of bauzon's skin.-Drayton, Ecl. 4.
This fine

Smooth bawson's cub.-B. Jonson. Sad Shepherdess.

BAY. From the A. S. Bugan, Bygan, to bow or bend. Whether applied to any recess of the sea-shore, or in buildings, in barns or windows, it always means one and the same thing; viz. bended or curved; and is the past tense, and therefore past part of the A. S. verb, Bygan. (See Tooke.) A bay is nothing else but a bending or curving of the shore, (Skinner.) For a similar reason the Lat. is Sinus.

Bay-window, because it is builded in manner of
abay or roade for ships, (Minshew.) It is a bow-
window.

And there beside within a bay window
Stood one in green ful large of bread and length
His beard as blacke as feathers of the crow.
Chaucer. The Court of Loue.

There stands in sight an isle hight Tenedon
Rich, and of fame, while Priam's kingdom stood:
Now but a bey, and rode vnsure for ship.
Surrey. Virgile. Enæis, b. ii.

But sorowe it is to tell, and doolfull to wryte, whyle one
daye the sayd good erle, sir Thomas Montagu, rested hym
at a dose gades, and behelde the compasse of the cytie,
and talked with his famylyers, a gunne was leuellyd out of
the rytie from a place vnknowen, whiche brake ye timber or
stone of the wyadowe with suche vyolence, that the pecys
therof all to quashed ye face of the noble erle, in suche
wyse that he dyed win thre dayes folowyng.
Fabyan. Hen. VI. an. 1427.

For this day [Samos] was in all respects like unto the other, lying just betweene two capes, which meet so neare, and in manner enclose the mouth thereof, that hardly two ships at once can goe forth together.-Holland. Livivs, p.961.

R. Morton, of Bawtrie, founded the chappell, the mansion
house for the maister, with other howses, as a barne of fower
bayes, &c.—Account of the Hospital near Scroby, by J.Slacke.
Away ye barb'rous woods; however ye be plac'd
On mountains, or in dales, or happily be grac'd
With floods, or marshy fels, with pasture, or with earth
By nature made to till, that by the yearly birth
The large-bay'd barn doth fill.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, Song 3.

You wild retreat, where superstition dreams,
Cold, Tully, you your Tusculum believe?
And could you deem yon naked hills, that form,
Fand in old song, the ship forsaken bay,
Your Formian shore ?-Thomson. Liberty, pt. i.

-A river's winding form, With many & sinuous bay, and island green, At less expense of labour and of land, Will give thee equal beauty-Mason. Eng. Garden, b. iii. BAY, . It may be derived (says Skinner) from the Fr. Baye, a berry; and Fr. Baye, evifrom Pliny. dently from the Lat. Bacca. See the quotation

Bay is applied to a crown of garland, bestowed on warlike or literary merit; to the merit itself. The roiail laurell is a very tall and big tree, with leaves als as large in proportion, and the baies or berries (bacca) Tasteeth are nothing sharp, biting, and unpleasant in

t-Holland. Plinie, b. xv. c. 30.

Bp. Hall. Defiance to Envy.

R. Brunne, p. 272.

awaked; euery man knewe whan they herde the dogge baye, that the Sarazyns were commyng to skrymisshe with them, wherby euer they aparelled themselfe to resyst them: the Genouoys called the dogge, our ladies dogge.

Berners. Froissart. Chronycle, vol. ii. c. 171.

As by chaunce one day he folowed the chace of an hert, and tryed it so sore that he broughte hym to a bay in a place that then was called the strete of Catulyen, in ye which streete was than an old lytle chapell to the which the foresayd hert entred, and there helde hym, and albeit yt a great nobre entryd hym and sued, forthere the ye chapell dore noon of them wold enter, but there stoode bayinge.

Fabyan. Chronicle, c. 127.

By the baiynge of a spanyell, there was on a nighte taken, behynde a tapet in the same chamber, a man, that shoulde haue confessed that he was there by myne excitacion and procurynge to haue slaine the fore saied prince there in his bedde.-Hall. King Henry VI. an. 4.

But on his march, in midst of all his foes,
He like a lion keeps them all at bay;
And when they seem him strictly to enclose,
Yet through the thick'st he hews him out a way.
Drayton. The Battle of Agincourt
His once so vivid nerves,

So full of buoyant spirit, now no more
Inspire the course; but fainting breathless toil,
Sick, seizes on his heart: he stands at bay;
And puts his last weak refuge in despair.

Thomson. The Seasons

The busy candidates for power and fame,
Have hopes, and fears, and wishes, just the same.
Disabled both to combat, or to fly,
Must hear all taunts, and hear without reply.
Uncheck'd, on both loud rabbles vent their rage,
As mongrels bay the lion in a cage.

Johnson. Prologue to the Goodnatur'd Man.

BAYONET, v. Į Fr. Bayonette; Sp. BayoBAYONET, n. Sneta, a new invented weapon, being a short dagger fixed at the end of a musket; so called, because the first bayonets were made at Bayonne, in France, (Delpino.) Cotgrave says

A kind of small flat pocket dagger, furnished with knives; or, a great knife to hang at the girdle, like a dagger.

But if the man of nature speak,
Advance their bayonets of Greek,

And keep plain sense at such a distance,

She cannot give a friend assistance.-Lloyd. The Poet. Declaiming on rebellion never added a bagonet, or a charge of powder to your military force; but I am afraid that is has been the means of taking up many muskets against you.-Burke. To the Sheriffs of Bristol.

You send troops to sabre and bayonet us into submission.

Id.

BE, v.
Sax. Beon, esse, fieri, (Lye. )Beon,
BEING, n. esse, to be, (Somner.) Sax. Ic
bin; Dut. Ic ben; Ger. Ich bin, I be.
The ety-

Id. Troil. & Cres. b. i. mologists do not attempt to settle the meaning
of this word. Like the Goth. Ga, the Sax. Ge,
it was much used as a prefix to other words; and
probably for a similar purpose; and may not this
ga or ge, be from the A. S. gan, to go; and as a
general term expressing motion, (without which no
intended to give force to the words to which it
ideas of time or action can be received) have been
was so prefixed? Be may have been used as a
prefix for a similar reason: the force which it has,
and which seems extended to all the words borrowed
to supply its tenses, viz. am, is, was, &c. ; deduced
from a literal meaning, at present untraced by
etymologists, appears, when literally used, to be
this, viz. to cause a sensation; and to be trans-
ferred metaphorically to the passions or feelings
In A. S. as in English, the
which arise within us.
words, to which be is prefixed, are used also in
their simple form, as verbs. Begyrdan, to begird;
gyrdan, to gird; bethencan, to bethink; thencan,
to think. In English this prefix be still appears
in many instances to give emphasis to the appli-
cation of the simple term: as, to bedaub; to
bepraise; to besmear. And particularly when de-
rision or contempt is intended; as, bepuddled, in
Bp. Taylor; becurl, in Search; bemuffle, &c. in
Sterne; beprose, in Mallett; bescutcheon, betagged,
in Churchill; betailed, in Goldsmith, &c.
in each instance, for the etymology, the word to
which be is prefixed. See also AM, ARE.

See,

To feel, or cause to feel; to have, or cause to

have, feelings or sensations; to live, or have life;

to exist, or have existence.

That ye be the sones of your fadir that is in hevenes, that makith his sunne to rise upon gode, and yvel men; and regneth on just men and unjust.-Wiclif. Matt. c. 5.

Nyle ye deme that ghe be not demed. For in what doom ye demen, ye schulen be demed, and in what mesure ye meten: it schal be meten agen to you.-Id. Ib. c. 6.

Be ye war of false prophetes, that comen to you in clothingis of scheep, but within forth thei ben as wolves of ravegne.-Id. Ib.

Ye ben light of the world, a citee sett on an hill may not be hid.-Id. Ib. c. 5.

For in him we lyuen and mouen and ben, as also summe of ghoure poetis seiden, and also we ben of the kynde of hym.-Id. Dedis, c. 17.

For in him we lyue, moue, and haue oure beynge, as certayne of your owne poetes sayd. For we are also his generacyon.-Bible, 1551. Ib.

A manly man to ben an abbot able.

Chaucer. Prologue, v. 167. Now, lordinges, trewely

Ye ben to me welcome right hertily.-Id. Ib. v. 764.

A shereve had he ben.-Id. Ib. v. 361.

And in the grete see
At many a noble armee hadde he be.-Id. Ib. v. 60.

The knight came which men wenden had be dede.
Id. The Sompnoures Tale, v. 7612.

Of them that writen us to fore
The bokes dwelle; and we therfore
Ben taught of that was written tho.-Gower. Prologues.
Whan we be deade, and els where.-Id. Ib.

There bene also somme (as men saie)

That folowen Symon at heles

Whose carte goth upon wheles

Of couetise and worldes pride.

What light, is light, if Siluia be not seene?
What joy is joy, if Siluia be not by ?
Vnlesse it be to thinke that she is by
And feed vpon the shadow of perfection.
Except I be by Siluia in the night,
There is no musicke in the nightingale.
Vnlesse I looke on Siluia in the day,
There is no day for me to looke vpon.
Shee is my essence, and I leaue to be;
If I be not by her faire influence
Foster'd, illumin'd, cherish'd, kept aliue.

Id. Ib.

Shakespeare. Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act iii. sc. 1. For. Be a merchant, I will freight thee With all store, that time is bought for. Cupid. Be a lover, I will wait thee With success in life most sought for.

Ford. The Sun's Darling, Act iv. sc. 1.

Neither did thy wisdome herein proceed in time onely, but in degrees: at first thou madest nothing absolute; first, thou madest things which should have being without life ; then, those which should have life and being; lastly, those which have being, life, reason: so we ourselves in the ordinary course of generation, first live the life of vegetation, then of sense, and reason afterwards.

Bp. Hall. Cont. The Creation.
And being you have
Declin'd his means, you have increas'd his malice.
Beaum. & Fletch. Honest Man's Fortune, Act ii.
Before this world's great frame, in which all things
Are now contain'd, found any beeing place,

That high eternall powre, which now doth moue
In all these things, mou'd in itselfe by loue.

Spenser. Hymne of Heauenly Loue, s. 4.

It having pleased the most High God to reveal and represent himself to us under this name or title, he thereby suggests to us, that he would not have us apprehend him as any particular or limited Being, but as a Being in general, or the Being of all beings, who gives being to, and therefore exerciseth authority over all things in the world. Bp. Beveridge, vol. i. Ser. 13. Of this word no etymology has been given; it is not to be found in our early lexicographers. Per

BEACH. BE'ACHED. BEACHY.

wreathe,) whatever girds or surrounds.

It seems

to be applied by Hackluyt to the loose stones that lie between the water's edge and the main land.

There, after we had gotten our goods on land, with much labour and strength of men, as also windlesses deuised and made, we haled your barke ouer a barre of beach or peeble stones into a small riuer, sending your ships apparell with other things to an house hired in a village thereby. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 355.

In her this sea of death hath made no breach;
But as the tide doth wash the slimy beach,
And leaves embroider'd works upon the sand,
So is her flesh refin'd by Death's cold hand.

Donne. Funeral Elegy on Lady Markham.
Hark, hark, I hear the north wind roar,
See how he riots on the shore;
And with expanded wings outstretch,
Ruffles the billows on the beach.-Cotton. Winter.

Que. These are the forgeries of iealousie,
And neuer since the middle summer's spring
Met vve on hil, in dale, forrest, or mead,
By paued fountaine, or by rustic brooke,
Or in the beached margent of the sea
To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind,
But with thy brauls thou hast disturb'd our sport.
Shakespeare. Midsummer Night's Dream, Act ii. sc. 2.
King. Oh heauen, that one might read the book of fate
And see the reuolution of the times

Make mountaines leuell, and the continent
(Wearie of solide firmenesse) melt itselfe
Into the sea: and other times, to see
The beachie girdle of the ocean,
Too wide for Neptune's hippes.

Id. 2 Part Henry IV. Act iii. sc. 1.

Albeit, adds he, in truth it was a fair and sandy beach, (as all the fleet might well perceive,) was some four or five miles from the town or fort, and much more easy than that of Fayal, where we before won our landing.

Oldys. Life of Sir Walter Ralegh. "Hie, hie, we all," Alcander cry'd, "quick to the neighb'ring beach." They flew; they came but only to behold, Tremendous sight! the vessel dash its poop Amid the boiling breakers.

BEACON, n. BEACON, V. BEACONED.

BEACONAGE.

Mason. The English Garden, b. iv.

A. S. Beacen, Beacn, a token, or sign. Beacnian, to nodde unto, to becken, to signifie, (Somner.) Beacen, Skinner thinks, may be from the A. S. Be and cennan, to ken, to see. In G. Douglas, "Dat clarum e puppi signum," is rendered, "Furth of his eftschip ane bekin gart he stent." A beacon is

Any thing so placed that it may be ken'd, seen, or distinguished, intended as a sign, notice, or warning.

For menye of ryke men by my saule ich lye nat

Ge brenneth ac ge blaseth nat, and that is a blynde bekne. Piers Plouhman, p. 333. The dieuyll than tooke Jesus vppe into an high mountayne, and out of the same mountayne as out of a beakon or an high place of spyall, he sodaynlye in a momente layeth all the kyngdomes of the worlde before his iyes.

Udal. Luke, c. 4.

For the custome of the countreyes adioynyng nere to ye see is (especially in the tyme of warr) on euery hill or high place to erect a bekon wt a greate laterne in the toppe, which maie be sene and discerned a great space of. Hall. Richard III. an. 3.

As two broad beacons, set in open fields,
Send forth their flames far off to euery shyre,
And warning giue, that enemies conspire,
With fire and sword the region to invade ;
So flam'd his eyne with rage and rancorous ire.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 11.
Nor on yond plaine, nor in this neighbouring wood;
Nor in the dale where glides the silver flood.
But like a beacon on a hill so hie,

That every one may see't which passeth by,

Is love yplac'd.-Browne. Britann. Pastorals, b. i. s. 2.

And to this purpose, hee ordained bikenings or beacons to bee set vp, that the same being fired might be seene farre off, and thereby the people to be raised.

Stowe. Edw. II. an. 1326.

No, if other things as great in the church, and in the rule of life both œconomical and political be not lookt into and reform'd, we have lookt so long upon the blaze that Zuing lius and Calvin have beacon'd up to us, that we are stark blind.-Milton. Speech on Unlicensed Printing.

And, rais'd upon his desperate foot,
On stirrup-side he gaz'd about,
Portending blood, like blazing star,

The beacon of approaching war.-Hudibras, pt. i. c. 2.

On the top of the steeple there remains an iron pitch-pot. designed as a beacon, to be fired occasionally, to alarm the country in case of invasion. It takes its name from the Saxon becnian, to call by signs.

Pennant. Journey from Chester. Hadley Church.

A suit for beaconage of a beacon standing on a rock in the sea may be brought into the court of admiralty, the admiral having an original jurisdiction over beacons. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iii. c. 7.

BEAD.
BE'ADROLL.
BE'ADSMAN.
BE ADSWOMAN.
BE'ADSBIDDING.

Spherula precatoria,( Skinner.) Bead, (says Tooke,) in the A. S. Beade, oratio, something prayed,- because one was dropped down a string every time a prayer was said, and thereby marked upon the string the number of times prayed. It is the past part. of biddan, orare, to bid, to invite, to solicit, to request, to pray (vol. ii. p. 266.)

And ich bidde eny bedis, bote hit be in wratthe
That ich telle wt my tunge, ys ten myle fro my herte.
Piers Plouhman, p. 111

Then layeth he the cause of al these pore beggars, b their increase in nuber, and their default in finding, al t he laith to ye onely fault of the clergie, naming the in bederolle, bishops, &c.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 290.

The senate now destitute of all helpe and comfort man, moved the people to devotion, to their beads, a praiers unto the gods.-Holland. Livivs, p. 92. Ah! my deere sonne, (quoth he) how should, alass, Silly old man, that liues in hidden cell, Bidding his beades all day for his trespass, Tidings of warre, and worldly trouble tell? With holy father fits not with such things to mell. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c Though now their acts be no where to be found, As that renowned poet them compiled, With warlike numbers, and heroick sound, Dan Chaucer (well of English vndefiled) On fames eternall bead-roll worthy to be filed. Id. Ib. b. iv. Rob. 'Twas such a bountie And honour done to your poore bedes woman, I know not how to owe it, but to thanke you. B. Jonson. The Sad Shepherd, Act ii. s

The form of bidding prayer was not begun by king He as some have weakly imagined, but was used in the time popery, as will appear by the form of bidding the beads King Henry the 7th's time. The way was, first, for the prea to name and open his text, and then to call on the peopl go to their prayers, and to tell them what they were to for: after which all the people said their beads in a gen silence, and the minister kneeled down also and said hi Burnet. Hist. of Ref. b. i. pt. ii. an. 1 "Tell your beads," quoth the priest, "and be f truss'd up,

For you surely to-night shall in Paradise sup."
Prior, The Thief and the Corde
Should I, my friend, at large repeat
Her borrow'd sense, her fond conceit,
The bead-roll of her vicious tricks,

My poem would be too prolix.-Id. Alma, c. 3.

In this dim cave, of diff'rent creed,
An hermit's holy ashes rest:

BEADLE.

BE'ADELRY.

The schoolboy finds the frequent bead, Which many a formal matin blest.-Langhorne, Fa See Bedeau, Bedeaux, Bidello, in Menage. Bed BE'ADLE-SHIP. in Du Cange. Sp. B Ger. Bedelle; A. S. Bydel, Bædel, (Badfrom Biddan, Beadan, to bid, to tell, to or because, says Junius, he proclaims, and exec the will of the superior powers.

A messenger, a servitor; a bearer of mess orders, warrants; an officer to execute ce orders, mandates, &c.

Now is Mede the mayde, and no mo of hem alle Thar bedeles and hailifs, brouht byfore the kynge. Piers Plouhman, p. 38. Neve when they stode before the image, which Nabuchodmort set vp the bedel cried oute with al hys mighte, O ye pepe, kynredes and tunges, to you bee it sayde.

Bible, 1551. Daniel, c. 3.

Edward Wotton, son of Rich. Wotton, superior beadle of ry of this University of Oxon, by Margaret his wife, as within the City of Oxon.-Wood. Athena Oxon. Edriand Gayton, superior beadle of arts and physic of ths niversity, bach. of phys. actually created, by virtue of Aspensation from the delegates, 1647, turn'd out of his

ip in the year following by the parliamentarian visites lived afterwards in London in a sharking conand wrote trite things merely to get bread to sustain him and his wife.-Id. Ib.

Down rusht the rain

Impetuous, and continu'd till the earth
No more was seen; the floating vessel awum
Uplifted; and secure with beaked prow

Rode tilting o're the waves.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xi. And then the armies buckling and dashing one against another, like unto ships pointed in the beakhead with pikes of brasse, and thrusting one at another by turnes, were with reciprocall and alternative motions as waves of the sea driven to and fro.-Holland. Ammianus, p. 423.

Did they coin bowls, and flaggons,
Int' officers of horse and dragons?
And into pikes and musqueteers

Stamp beakers, cups, and porringers?-—Hudibras, pt. i. c. 2.
Birds, for instance, in general, procure their food by means
of their beak; and, the distance between the eye and the
point of the beak being small, it becomes necessary that they
Paley. Natural Theology, c. 3.
Lo! where incumbent o'er the shade,
Rome's rav'ning eagle bowes his beaked head!

I remember the time when rascally company was kept should have the power of seeing very near objects distinctly.

and the unlucky boys with toys and bells were whipped by a beadle. I have seen this done indeed of late, but then it has been only to chase the lads from chuck, that the might seize their copper.-Spectator, No. 509. Want money!" replied the host, that must be impos; for it was no later than yesterday he paid three Feas to our beadle to spare an old broken soldier that was to be whipped through the town for dog-stealing."

Goldsmith. The Vicar of Wakefield.

BEAGLE. Perhaps, says Skinner, from the French Bugler, to bellow; from their deep and orous bark (or bay.) Fr. Bigles, of which Menage offers no etymology. Skinner also sugts that both the English and French words may be derived from the It. Piccolo, (from the Lat. Pauculus,) q. d. cani piccoli, smaller dogs; for such beagles are when compared with other dogs of the chase. It is perhaps Bay-ell, a dim. of Bay, to bark: they changed into the guttural g.

After the deliueraunce of this toune, the Frenchemen stil ke god begeles, foloweyng their preye, besieged the toune af Fallage-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 27.

But list, alas! loue's beagles be
Vareupeld, beautie praites

And cries my heart from out the thicks.

And at receit a waites.-Warner. Albion's England, b. vii.

Galo may pull me roses ere they fall,

Or in bas net entrap the tennis-ball;

Or yelping beagles busy heeles pursue.

Or send his spar-hawke mantling in her mew,

Bp. Hall, b. iv. Sat. 4.

With crowds attended of your ancient race,
You seek the champion sports, or sylvan chase:
With well-breath'd beagles you surround the wood,

Ev'n then, industrious of the common good.

Dryden, Epist. 13.

Araty, see the deep-mouth'd beagles catch

The tainted mazes; and, on eager sport
Intent, with emulous impatience try
Each doubtful trace.

Armairung. The Art of Preserving Health, b. iii.

BEAK BEAKED.

BE'AKER.

Fr. Bec; It. Becco; Sp. Pico; Fr. Becquer; It.

Dut. Beck.

Beccare, to peck. A. S. Pycan ;

Ger. Picken, to pick or peck."

Mason, Ode 2.

He lives, and o'er his brimming beaker boasts,
(As if barbarity were high desert)

Th' inglorious feat, and, clamorous in praise
Of the poor brute, seems wisely to suppose
The honours of his matchless horse his own!
Cowper. Task, b. vi.

BEAM.

A. S. Beam, Matt. vii., as below, B'EAMY. from Wiclif. Dut. Boom. "In A. S." says Junius, "Beam est arbor; from the Goth. Bagms, the true etymology of which I have still to seek." Wachter suggests, that the Goth. Bagms, may be immediately from the Icel. Byggia; and the A. S. Beam, from the Ger. Bauen, to build.

The beams or rafters of a house sustain the whole building; the beam of a balance sustains Also applied the scales appended to each end.

to

The horn or antler of a stag. Wythoute gret harm, of scapede, bote Seyn Dunston by cas, That hente hym by a bem, and ysaued was. R. Gloucester, p. 288. But what seest thou a litil mote in the yghe of thi brothir, and seest not a beem in thine owne yghe? Or how seist thou to thi brother, brother suffre, I schal do out a mote fro thin yghe, and lo a beem is in thin owne yghe? Ypocrite, do out first the beem of thin yghe, and thanne thou schalt se to do out the mote of the yghe of thi brother. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 7.

Why seyst yu a moote in thy brothers eye, & perceauest not ye beame yt is i thine owne eye. Or why sayest yu to thy brother: suffre me to plucke out the moote out of thyne eye, & behold a beame is in thine own eye. Ypocrit, first cast out ye beame out of thyne owne eye, and then shalt ya se clearly to plucke out the moote out of thy brothers eye. Bible, 1551. Ib.

O Chaunteclere, accursed be the morwe,
That thou into thy yerd flew fro the bemes:
Thou were ful well ywarned by thy dremes,
That thilke day was perilous to thee.

Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15,236. Wherefore sodaynly serche was made, and theyr weyghtes founde and proued false, and ouer that all suche wares, as moche therof in theyr sayde houses, to the hynderaunce of the kynges custome.-Fabyan, an. 1286. ed. 1.

The Ger. Becker, Dut. Beker, Vossius derives they shulde haue weyed at the kynges bealme, they weyed

In tyme of whiche solempnyzacyon doynge, the holy meer oyle, by neclygence of the mynistres, or otherwise verage a doue discendynge from heuen brught in her - szin bayil a vyoil filled with oyle of moost swetest sauour, bered to seat Remygius.-Fabyan, c. 98. touring the Athenyans, although that there were of them drowned: yet there were seuene of theym le and brused in their foore partes with the beckes the Corynthyans, that was more stronge than theirs. Nicols. Thucydides, p. 183.

By disting a piece out of our forecastle being close by
fired a mat on her beak-head, which more and more
ed, and ran from thence to the mat on the bowsprit.
Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. p. 200.

A life wren in beake with laurell greene that flew,
Tshe'd my dolefull death, as after all men knew.
Mirror for Magistrates, p. 137.

A ray of light emitted from an enlightened

mass.

To beam; to emit such rays; to emit, to effuse, to throw light, warmth; passion or strong feeling; to emit, to effuse, to kindle.

But a thing sothly dare I tell
That ye wold hold a great meruaile,
Whan it is tolde withouten faile;
For whan the sunne clere in sight
Cast in that well his beames bright,
And that the heat descended is
Than taketh the cristall stone iwis
Againe the sunne an hundred hewes,
Blew, yelow, and reed that fresh and new is.

Chaucer. The Rom. of the Rose. Suche ought to be sette in a more highe place, than the residue, where they may se, and also be sene, that by the beames of theyr excellente wytte, shewed throughe the glasse of auctoritie, other of the inferiour vnderstanding, maye be directed to the waye of vertu and comodious liuing. Elyot. The Governour, b. i. c. 1.

I saw a beauty from the sea to rise,
That all earth look'd on; and that earth, all eyes!
It cast a beam as when the cheerful sun,
Is fair got up, and day some hours begun.

B. Jonson. Vision on Drayton's Muse. And so at last, Minerva clear'd the cloud Jove let fall Before their eyes: a mighty light flew beaming every way, As well about their ships, as where their darts did hottest play.-Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xv.

His back was turn'd, but not his brightness hid;
Of beaming sunnie raies, a golden tiar
Circl'd his head.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iii.

I can resemble you to none aboue,

So neare as to the chast-borne birth of Jove,

The beamie Cynthia.-Chapman. Homer. Odysses, b. vi. As belief first engages practice, so practice strengthens and confirms belief. God beams in peculiar evidences and discoveries of the truth to such as embrace it in their affections, and own it in their actions.-South, vol. iv. Ser. 9.

But in persons of eminent place and dignity, they [virtue and piety] are seated to a great advantage, so as to cast a lustre upon their very place, and by a strong reflexion to double the beams of majesty.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 3.

You, gallant Vernon, saw,

The miserable scene; you, pitying, saw,
To infant weakness sunk the warrior's arm,
Saw the deep-racking pang, the ghastly form,
The lip pale-quivering, and the beamless eye
No more with ardour bright.-Thomson. Summer.
The sun now rolling down the western way,
A blaze of fires renews the fading day;
Vnnumber'd barks the regal barge infold,
Brightening the twilight with its beamy gold.

Tickell. The Royal Progress.

I see the radiant visions, where they rise
More lovely than when Lucifer displays
His beaming forehead through the gates of morn,
To lead the train of Phoebus and the spring.

Akenside. Pleasures of Imagination, b. i. What are the sciences they beamed out to enlighten it? What are the arts they introduced to chear and to adorn it? Burke. On the Nabob of Arcot's Debts.

A third, possessed of full grown reputation, shades off every beam of favour from those who endeavour to grow beneath him, and keeps down that merit, which, but for his influence, might rise into equal eminence. Goldsmith. The Bee, No. 4.

A sullen calm unusual, dark and dead,
Arises inauspicious o'er the heavens.
The beamless sun looks wan; a sighing cold
Winters the shadow'd air.-Mallet. The Excursion, c. 1.

BEAN, n. Ger. Bone; Dut. Boon; Sw. Bœna; Sax. Bean, Bien. Junius thinks from the Gr. πυκνον vel πυανos, the same with κυαμος, which Eustathius would believe to be so called Tара то kvei aiμa, because they produce blood.

The king of Alimayne sende specialliche inou
To king Jon, that he withdrowe him of is wou, [wrong]
& vnderuenge the erchbissop, & holi churche al clene
Lete abbe ir franchise, & al nas wurth a bene.
R. Gloucester, p. 497.
But God wot what that May thought in hire herte,
Whan she him saw up sitting in his sherte
In his night cap, and with his necke lene:
She praises not his playing worth a bene.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9724.
U