One arith hir father was a Pallant, Which in his time was a geant, A quel man, a bataylous.—Gower. Con. A. b. v. Cemas with a great force brake vppon the left battaile. Sone after this, I saw an elephant, A gilden towre, which shone exceedinglie. Which when the wakefull elfe perceived, straight way In sun-bright armes, and battailous array: He through the armed files Darts his experienc't eye, and soon traverse Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i. We find by a sad experience that few questions are well stated; and when they are, they are not consented to: and when they are agreed on by both sides that they are well stated, it is nothing else but a drawing up the armies in batalia with great skill and discipline; the next thing they dos, they thrust their swords into one another's sides. Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 6. See, with what outrage from the frosty north, J. Philips. Blenheim. There were letters of the 17th from Ghent, which give an account, that the enemy had formed a design to surprise Two battalions of the allies which lay at Alost; but those Battalions received advice of their march, and retired to Dendermond-Tatler, No. 1. Twe rival armies all the plain o'erspread, Each in battalia rang'd, and shining arms array'd: Congreve. To the King, on the taking of Namur. Near and more near descends the dreadful shade, BATTEL, . BATTEL, 1. BATTEL, adj. BATTABLE. BATTLER B1'TFUL. BATTLING, R. Beattie. Pygmao-Ĝerano-Machia. See to BAIT. Battel, (a term at Eaton for the small portion of food, which in addition to the college allowance, the collegers receive from their dames,) is bat-dæl. Bat-ful (a favourite term of Drayton,) is a similar compound of the two participles bat and full, (Tooke, ii. 123.) Battler is not an uncommon word in Wood's Athena. Upon this noun Battel, the verb appears to have been formed; and to be applied, consequentially To fatten, to fertilize; to render fruitful or productive; because abounding in baites, bites, or bits. This is the grayne of mustard sede whiche whan it was so fine and so litle that the vnlearned sort of English me could scarce possibly fele or see it, ye of your excedig charitie & zele towards your countrey folkes, did in such wise helpe to we in the field of Englande, and did so cherishe with the facte batleing yearth of the paraphrase, that where before it was in the iyes of the vnlettered, the least of all sedes, it is now shot up and growê muche larger in bredth, the any other herbe of ye field.-Udal. Luke, Pref. The best adnizement was, of bad, to let her For in the church of God, sometimes it commeth to passe, in ouer battle grounds, the fertile disposition whereof is gd; yet because it exceedeth due proportion, it bringeth forth abundantly, through too much ranknesse, things lesse profitable-Hooker. Eccles. Pol. b. v. § 3. For well known it is, that they be loving to their children and husbands: and this their naturall affection, is like unto a fertile field or battell soil, capable of amity, not unapt for persuasion, nor destitute of the graces. Holland. Plutarch, p. 943. He saith moreover, that the sowing of some graine is as od as danging to the ground: for these be his very words. The fruit itselfe of the earth is a balling to the earth, and namely, lupines, beanes, and vetches, for they mucke the lands-Id. Plinie, b. xvii. c. 9. Massinissa made many inward parts of Barbarie and Numidia in Africk (before his time incult and horrid) fruitful and battable by this means.-Burton. Anat. of Mel. p. 57. Thomas Sorrocold, or Sorocold was born in Lancashire, became a battler or student of Brazen-nose Coll. an. 1578, aged 17 years or thereabouts.-Wood. Athena Oxon. Witness the fair pasture nigh Haddon (belonging to the Earl of Rutland) so incredibly battling of catel that one proffered to surround it with shillings to purchase it; which because to be set side-ways (not edge-ways) were refused. Fuller. Worthies. Derbyshire. The batful pastures fenc'd, and most with quick-set mound, Id. Ib. Slowe. The Romanes. BATTEN. This word seems to have succeeded, and to have supplanted, the verb to battel : and to be from the same A. S. verb Batan, to bite, to feed, and, consequentially To fatten, or become fat; roll or wallow in fatness or full feeding; to swell, or belly out. Corio. Follow your function, go, and batten on colde bits. Shakespeare. Coriolanus. Itha. Why, master, will you poison her with a mess of rice Porridge? that will preserve life, and make her round and plump, And batten more than you are aware. Marlow. The Jew of Malta, Act iii. Sket. A man may batten there in a week only, with hot loaves and butter, and a lusty cup of muscadine and sugar at breakfast, though he make never a meal all the month after.-Ford. Perkin Warbeck, Act iv. sc. 2. Some wallowing in the grass, there lie awhile to batten; Go then the moan of woe demands thine aid: BATTER, v. BATTER, n. BATTERER. BATTERY. Beattie. The Judgement of Paris. Fr. Battre; It. Battere; Ger. Batten; from the A. S. Beatan, to beat. To beat or knock against, to strike, to bruise ;-to wear out with hard usage. Batter-Milk and flour, or other similar ingredients, batter'd or beaten together. Than stondeth the sinne of contumelie or strif and cheste, and battereth and forgeth by vilians reprevinges. Chaucer. The Persones Tale. The Frenchemen learnyng wit by this great perill, left their scalynge, and deuised dayly, howe to batter and breake the walles & fortifications.-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 28. Well on (as yet) our battred barke did passe, And brought the rest within a myle of lande, Then thought I sure now neede not I to passe, For I can swymme and so escape this sande. Gascoigne. Hearbes. He called the inhabitauntes and men of warre together declaryng their great necessitie, and sayd the battery of the walles discorages vs not, but the greate necessitie of victalles.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 13. Moreover, take but three sextares or quarts of it being steeped, and it will yeeld a measure called modius of thicke grewell or batter called in Latin puls. Holland. Plinie, b. xviii. c. 7. For now were the walls beaten with the rams, and many parts thereof shaken and battered: and at one place above the rest, by continual batterie there was such a breach, as the towne lay open and naked to the enemie. Id. Livivs, p. 397. "Bring me," saith he, "the harness that I wore At Teuxbury, which from that day no more Hath felt the battries of a ciuill strife, Nor stood betweene destruction and my life." Sir J. Beaumont. Bosworth Field. Nor are these masters such batterers, or demolishers, of stately and elegant buildings. Taylor. Artf. Handsomeness, p. 185. Those resolutions are as insufficient to fortify them against Cowper. Task, b iii. If houses strongly built, and towers battled hie, By force of blast be ouerthrowne When Eols impes doe flie. Turberville. Pyndara's Answer. But yet that his worke should log indure all tempestes and stormes, he addeth a batelment and weatherstone to auoyde and shote of the rayne, for feare it should soke in and make his buildyng decay.-Frith. Workes, p. 85. And he is bred out of that bloodie straine, That haunted vs in our familiar pathes : Witnesse our too much memorable shame, When Cressy battell fatally was strucke, And all our princes captiu'd, by the hand Of that black name; Edward, black prince of Wales. Shakespeare. Hen. V. Act ii. sc. 4. Neither had it been so dishonourable unto him, when he came to joyn with Darius hand to hand, if he had been massacred among a number of great horses, with the swordes, glaives, and battel-ares of the Persians fighting for the empire.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 1046. And as for Colotes, he resembleth for all the world young children who newly begin to learn their A. B. C. for being used to pronounce and name the letters which they see engraven on their own battleders, when they find them written elsewhere, they stick at them, and are much troubled. Id. Ib. p. 916 Yet leader seem'd Each warriour single as in chief, expert When to advance, or stand, or turn the sway Of battel; open when, and when to close The ridges of grim warr.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vi. So broad [the wall of Babylon] that six chariots could well drive together at the top, and so battlemented that they could not fall. Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 228. Does he delight to hear bold seraphs tell Tickell. To the Earl of Warwick. He is, answered he, a character you have not yet perhaps observ'd. You have heard of battle-painters, have mentioned battle-poets; but this is a battle-critick. Tatler, No. 65. Then, wide as air, the livid fury spread, Such virtue Clelia, Cocles, Manlius rous'd: What constitutes a state? Not high rais'd battlements or labor'd mound, Thick wall or moated gate; Not cities proud with spires and turrets crown'd. Sir W. Jones. An Ode in Imitation of Alcæus. BATTOLOGIZE. BATTO'LOGIST. BATTO'LOGY. } Προσευχόμενοι δε μη βαττολογήσητε. But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, (Matt. vi. 7.) The Greek, says Dr. Hammond, is literally, to do as Battus did. He adds from Suidas; battologie is multiplying of words. The word itself is taken from one Battus, who made long hymns consisting of many lines, full of tautologies. Hesychius explains itEmpty, idle, unseasonable discourse. After the eastern mode, they wagged their bodies, bowing their heads, and battologizing the name Allough Whoddaw and Mahumet very often.-Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 191. Should a truly dull battologist, that is of Ausonius's character, quam pauca, quam diu loquuntur Attici? that an hour by the glass speaketh nothing; should such a one, I say, and a deserving eminent preacher change sermons; people would not only come thicker, but return satisfied. Whitlock. Manners of the English, p. 209. I cannot see how he will escape that heathenish battology of multiplying words, which Christ himself that has the putting up of our prayers, told us would not be acceptable in heaven. Milton. Animad, upon the Remonstrants, &c. If this latter clause should be in the præter tense too, hath chosen, (as the king and his mistaken counsel object) it would be a mere surplusage or battology. Prynne. Treachery & Disloyalty, pt. ii. p. 67. BAUBE/E. As this coin bore the bust of James VI. when young, some have imagined that it received its designation, as exhibiting the figure of a baby. But the name, as well as the coin, Dr. Jamieson adds, existed before his reign. Pinkerton, however, with whose derivation Dr. Jamieson declares himself satisfied, ascribes the first use of the word to a copper coin struck in the reign of James VI. He derives it from basbillon, the worst kind of billon. (On Medals, vol. ii. p. 109.) And as to her false accusation of spoil, we did remit us to the conscience of Mr. Robert Richeson, master of the coining-house, who from our hands received silver, gold, and mettal, as well coined as un-coined, so that with us there did not remain the value of a bawbee, or farthing. Knox. Hist. of Reformation of Scotiand, p. 161. BAVIN. Baven; the smaller trees, whose sole use is for the fire (Skinner); - perhaps, Dut. Bauwen; Ger. Bawen, ædificare, to build; because it is made of The fragments of trees cut for buildings. But that which better is for you, and more deliteth me, To saue you from the sodeyne wast, vain cinderlike to be; Which lasting better likes in love, as you your semble ply, Then doth the baven blase, that flames and fletteth by and by. Vncertaine Auctors. The Answere. He caused to be gathered out of all the villages thereby many firebrands; then tooke he certaine barins or small faggots of brush wood, dry sticks, and such like trash, and tyed them fast to the hornes of the oxen. Holland. Livivs, p. 442. "Twixt these the underwoody acres Charles Cotton. A Burlesque upon the Great Frost. BAWBLE. Fr. Babioles; It. Babbole, BuBA'WBLING. S vole. Skinner suggests that it may be from babe; It. Babolo (a dim. of his own formation), an infant; q.d. an infant's, a child's plaything. Spelman (voce baubella) from beau and belle. Any light, pretty, shewy, trifle or toy. And hapneth that the kynges foole Sat by the fire upon a stole. As he that with his bable plaide, But yet he herde all that thei saide, And thereof took thei no hede.-Gower. Con. A. b. vii. Cæsar made heere, but made not heere his bragge Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act iii. sc. 1. When a man begins truly to fear God, and is in the agonies of mortification, all these new-nothings and euriosities will lye neglected by, as baubles do by children when they are deadly sick.-Bp. Taylor, vol. iii. Ser. 3. Du. That face of his I do remember well, Shakespeare. Twelfth Night, Act v. sc. 1. strange baubles that you have taken notice of. Tatler, No. 221. Whate'er was light, impertinent, and vain, BAW. BAWD, v. BAWD, n. BAWD, adj. BA'WDY. BA'WDILY. BA'WDINESS. BA'WDRY. BA'WDSHIP. Churchill. Gotham, b. iii. Now nothing left, but wither'd pale and shrunk To bawd for others, and go shares in punk.-Pope. Macer The writer had by long experience observ'd, that in com pany very grave discourses have been followed by bawdry and therefore has turn'd the humour that way with grea success.-Tatler, No. 11. The stage (whose art was once the mind to move BAWDRICKS. Rowe. An Epistle to Flavia The Fr. Baudrier, to dress als curry and colour the hides of kine, &c. explained by Cotgrave to signify,-to make belt or baudricks; and Baudrier is derived by Menage through the medium of the Low Lat. Baldringus from the Lat. Balteus. Du Cange accounts very differently for Baldringus, baldring. He thinks i to be the ring, or belt of a bold (bald) man. A belt, a girdle, a bracelet. What a bragkyng maketh a beareward wt his sylue buttened bawdrieke, for pride of another mannes bere. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1272 Baude, adj. Mr. Tyrwhitt says, is joyous. Fr. Bauderie, baudrie, pimping, keeping a bawdy- of riche tyssue cut in cloth of siluer, on a great course The erle of Surrey hygh admyrall of Englande, in a coat house. Baudy, adj. dirty.-richely trapped, & a great whistell of gold, set with stone Bawdry, Skinner thinks, is and perle, hangyng at a great and massy chayne baudryc either from the Fr. Baude, wise, accompanyd with an C.Ix. gentlemen richly appareled on goodly horsses came to Blackheth, and there amiabl bauderie, bold, boldness, or from receaued ye ambassadors of Frauce.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 9 the Fr. Broderie from Broder, quasi border, a fringe or edge. Tha kyng Rycharde seynge the bonte of the Frensh Baud in balderdash, and in ribaudry, are probably kynge, gaue to hym a bawderyke or coler of golde. the same word. 66 The Glossary to the reprint of Piers Plouhman, says, that baw is still, in Lancashire, used as an interjection of contempt and abhorrence: such usage is not confined to Lancashire. Dr. Jamieson tells us, that baugh, in Scotch, means “not good." Mr. Moore, in his Suffolk Words, says "bawda is, to abuse grossly." Baw, bawda, bawse, appear to be the same word, used to express (loudly) contempt, abhorrence; feelings appropriate to that which we call bad; or (the a pronounced broad) bawd; which is formed from baugh or baw, by the addition of the termination See Bauch, Bauchly, ed,-baugh-ed or baw-ed. Fabyan. Rich. II. an. 1396 And in her hand a sharp bone-speare she held, And at her backe a bow and quiuer gay, Stuft with steel-headed darts, where-with she queld The saluage beasts in her victorious play, Knit with a golden bauldrick, which forelay Athwart her snow'y breast. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. Their scabberds and sheaths be set out with silver chape and their sword girdles, hangers, and bawdricks, ging againe with thin plates of silver.-Holland. Plinie, b.iii. c.l BAWL. Skinner applauds the conjectur BA'WLER. of Minshew, that bawl is from ba bau, the noise of dogs; others from balare, whi sono vocis. Vossius, after Festus, considers to be formed It appears to be the dim. of Bay, bayel, or baw-el, bay'l, bawl. To clamour, to shout. Yet as soone as we should once heare those hell hound should soone fall as clene from vs, as those other har these Turkes come yalping & balling vpo vs: our her Bauchness, in Jamieson; and To BAY. Bawd, then, is bad: the etymology and application support each other. Baude, joyous, according to Tyrwhitt, is riotously joyous. Baud, dirty, foul, defiled, polluted. "Ye baw, quoth on:-ye bawe, quoth a brewere," (See P. Plouh-flee fro the houndes.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1254. man, pp. 205, 387,) i. e. ye talk contemptibly, vilely, badly. And it admits of conjecture, that this baw may be the root of the verb to balk, q.d. to do any thing bawdly, badly; or, as the Scotch write, bauchly, not so well as hoped or expected; and, thus, to disappoint, &c. This false theef, this sompnour quod the frere, Chaucer. The Freres Tale, v. 6922. A wise man saied, as we may seen Id. Rom. of the Rose. Id. The Freres Tale, v. 6887. His overest sloppe it is not worth a mite As in effect to him, so mote I go; It is all baudy and to-tore also. Id. The Chanones Yemannes Prologue, v. 16,104. And this yere, in the month of August, in London were two baudes punysshed with werynge of raye hoods. Fabyan. Hen. VI. an. 1440. Those archeheretikes frere Luther, and frere Huiskyn, wyth whose whoredome and baudrie frere Barns fyndeth no faute, doe not onely nothing repent it, but also like abhominable beastes boast it.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 737. Rhahab was not a Jewe, she was maystres of a howse of baldrye, and gate her lyuyng with no very honest gaynes of occupying. Udal. James, c. 2. Bas. One word with your old bawdship; thou'dst been better Rail'd at the sins thou worship'st than have thwarted My will. Ford. The Broken Heart, Act ii. sc. 1. And these are so full of their confused circumlocutio that a man would thinke he heard Thersites with a frapli and bawling clamor to come out with a mishmash a hotch potch of most distastefull and unsavorie stuffe. Holland. Ammianus, p. 3 But this is got by casting pearl to hogs; Milton, Son. A huge fat man in country-fair, Or city-church (no matter where,) Labour'd and push'd amidst the crowd, Still bawling out extremely loud, "Lord save us! why do people press!"-Prior. Alma, These persons are worse than bawlers, as much as a se enemy is more dangerous than a declared one. 66 Spectator, No. If I ever go to one of their play-houses, what with tr pets, hallooing behind the stage, and bawling upon it, I quite dizzy before the performance is over. Goldsmith. Citizen of the Wo BAWN. Mr. Todd (Spenser's Works, vol. p. 399.) observes that, bawn is evidently u by Spenser for an eminence." In the notes Swift's Poem, "The grand question debat whether Hamilton's bawn should be turned int barrack or a malthouse," it is said, that "a b was a place near the house, inclosed with mu stone walls, to keep the cattle from being st in the night;" and that Hamilton's bawn was large old house." In the Goth. Bauan ; ( Bauen; is, habitare, construere sedem ubi habi and bauain, domicilium, occurs, Mark, v. 3, " had his dwelling among the tombs." It appear have been applied to Any habitation, dwelling, or edifice, whe constructed of stone, mud, earth, &c. But these round hills and square bawnes, which you see stragly trenched and thrown up, were (they say) at first red for the same purpose, that people might assemble elves therein, and therefore aunciently they were cat folkmotes, that is, a place of people, to meete or talke say thing that concerned any difference betweene parties and townships, which seemeth yet to me very requisite. Spenser. View of the State of Ireland. Thus spoke to my lady the knight full of care, I lose by the house what I get by the land; BAWSE. The writer perhaps means Buss, (qr.) Beyond this cape fore-mentioned lie certain Indian towns, fram whence, as we passed by, came many of the people in rain bases made of seals' skins; of which two being ked together of a just length and side by side, resemble in fashion or form of a boat. The World encompassed by Sir F. Drake, an. 1578. BAWSE. See BASE. His mittons were of bauzon's skin.-Drayton, Ecl. 4. Smooth bawson's cub.-B. Jonson. Sad Shepherdess. BAY. From the A. S. Bugan, Bygan, to bow or bend. Whether applied to any recess of the sea-shore, or in buildings, in barns or windows, it always means one and the same thing; viz. bended or curved; and is the past tense, and therefore past part of the A. S. verb, Bygan. (See Tooke.) A bay is nothing else but a bending or curving of the shore, (Skinner.) For a similar reason the Lat. is Sinus. Bay-window, because it is builded in manner of And there beside within a bay window There stands in sight an isle hight Tenedon But sorowe it is to tell, and doolfull to wryte, whyle one For this day [Samos] was in all respects like unto the other, lying just betweene two capes, which meet so neare, and in manner enclose the mouth thereof, that hardly two ships at once can goe forth together.-Holland. Livivs, p.961. R. Morton, of Bawtrie, founded the chappell, the mansion You wild retreat, where superstition dreams, How will a man, (as St. Paul observed) endure all painfull abstinence and continence, in order to the obtaining a corruptible crown, a fading garland of bays, a puff of vain applause?-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 20. -A river's winding form, With many & sinuous bay, and island green, At less expense of labour and of land, Will give thee equal beauty-Mason. Eng. Garden, b. iii. BAY, . It may be derived (says Skinner) from the Fr. Baye, a berry; and Fr. Baye, evifrom Pliny. dently from the Lat. Bacca. See the quotation Bay is applied to a crown of garland, bestowed on warlike or literary merit; to the merit itself. The roiail laurell is a very tall and big tree, with leaves als as large in proportion, and the baies or berries (bacca) Tasteeth are nothing sharp, biting, and unpleasant in t-Holland. Plinie, b. xv. c. 30. Let one poor sprig of bay around my head Churchill. The Candidate. That name, I say, in whom the Muses meete, Bp. Hall. Defiance to Envy. How, lock'd in pure affection's golden band, Through sacred wedlock's unambitious ways, With even step he walk'd, and constant hand, His temples binding with domestic bays. Warton. Elegy on Fred. Prince of Wales. BAY, adj. Fr. Baye; It. Baio; Sp. Bayo BA'YARD. and Vayo; Dut. Baey; Lat. BA'YARDLY. Badius; Gr. Bais or Balov, the branch of the palm; so called, Taρа то Biα TIXXEobat, because it cannot be easily torn away. See Vossius and Menage. } Bay, adj. is applied to a shade of colour between red and brown. The application of the name bayard to a horse is clearly described in the citations; and its metaphorical application also to men who are bold, blind, and self-willed. R. Brunne, p. 272. What did than Sir Edward? there he had non like, Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2158. Ye ben as bold as is Bayard the blind, Id. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16,880. I must endure, and with my feeres draw. But as baiarde the blynde stede, Gower. Con. A. b. vi. middes of the battill vnder a banner curiously beaten with The duke of Bedford sittynge on a baye courser in the his armes.-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 3. awaked; euery man knewe whan they herde the dogge baye, that the Sarazyns were commyng to skrymisshe with them, wherby euer they aparelled themselfe to resyst them: the Genouoys called the dogge, our ladies dogge. Berners. Froissart. Chronycle, vol. ii. c. 171. As by chaunce one day he folowed the chace of an hert, and tryed it so sore that he broughte hym to a bay in a place that then was called the strete of Catulyen, in ye which streete was than an old lytle chapell to the which the foresayd hert entred, and there helde hym, and albeit yt a great nobre entryd hym and sued, forthere the ye chapell dore noon of them wold enter, but there stoode bayinge. Fabyan. Chronicle, c. 127. By the baiynge of a spanyell, there was on a nighte taken, behynde a tapet in the same chamber, a man, that shoulde haue confessed that he was there by myne excitacion and procurynge to haue slaine the fore saied prince there in his bedde.-Hall. King Henry VI. an. 4. But on his march, in midst of all his foes, So full of buoyant spirit, now no more Thomson. The Seasons The busy candidates for power and fame, Johnson. Prologue to the Goodnatur'd Man. BAYONET, v. Į Fr. Bayonette; Sp. BayoBAYONET, n. Sneta, a new invented weapon, being a short dagger fixed at the end of a musket; so called, because the first bayonets were made at Bayonne, in France, (Delpino.) Cotgrave says A kind of small flat pocket dagger, furnished with knives; or, a great knife to hang at the girdle, like a dagger. But if the man of nature speak, And keep plain sense at such a distance, She cannot give a friend assistance.-Lloyd. The Poet. Declaiming on rebellion never added a bagonet, or a charge of powder to your military force; but I am afraid that is has been the means of taking up many muskets against you.-Burke. To the Sheriffs of Bristol. You send troops to sabre and bayonet us into submission. Id. BE, v. Id. Troil. & Cres. b. i. mologists do not attempt to settle the meaning Onely the bold and blind bayards (who usually out of selfconceit are so exceedingly confident of their election and salvation,) will be able to praise God for it. Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 42. True and manly religion is no cold and comfortless thing; it is not a luke-warm notionality; not a formal and bayardly round of duties; but is lively, vigorous, and sparkling. Goodman. Winter Evening Conference, p. 3. BAY, v. Fr. Abboyer; It. Abbaiare; BAY, n. Lat. Baubari; Gr. Boaew, Baugew. BA'YING, n. Skinner has various conjectures for the origin of this word. Bawse, or Bawze (in Skinner) was undoubtedly the same word. See BAD, BAWD; BAN, BASE. To keep or stand at bay; (sc.) to face the baying or barking dogs. The n. is applied to The noise of a dog, particularly his repeated bark when his prey ceases to fly, and faces him; when that which angers him keeps before him. Also it was shewed me that the Genouoys had a great dogge in their company that they brought with theym, but they knewe not fro whence he came, there was none that chalenged the dogge to be his, whiche dogge dyd them great skrymysshe, but they as could never come so pryuely to the Sarazyns brewte that he wolde nat rest till such as were aslepe were See, To feel, or cause to feel; to have, or cause to have, feelings or sensations; to live, or have life; to exist, or have existence. The usage of be, ben, been, was very indiscrimi- haps Beag, (from Bigan vel Bugan, to bend, to nate in our old writers. That ye be the sones of your fadir that is in hevenes, that makith his sunne to rise upon gode, and yvel men; and regneth on just men and unjust.-Wiclif. Matt. c. 5. Nyle ye deme that ghe be not demed. For in what doom ye demen, ye schulen be demed, and in what mesure ye meten: it schal be meten agen to you.-Id. Ib. c. 6. Be ye war of false prophetes, that comen to you in clothingis of scheep, but within forth thei ben as wolves of ravegne.-Id. Ib. Ye ben light of the world, a citee sett on an hill may not be hid.-Id. Ib. c. 5. For in him we lyuen and mouen and ben, as also summe of ghoure poetis seiden, and also we ben of the kynde of hym.-Id. Dedis, c. 17. For in him we lyue, moue, and haue oure beynge, as certayne of your owne poetes sayd. For we are also his generacyon.-Bible, 1551. Ib. A manly man to ben an abbot able. Chaucer. Prologue, v. 167. Now, lordinges, trewely Ye ben to me welcome right hertily.-Id. Ib. v. 764. A shereve had he ben.-Id. Ib. v. 361. And in the grete see The knight came which men wenden had be dede. Of them that writen us to fore There bene also somme (as men saie) That folowen Symon at heles Whose carte goth upon wheles Of couetise and worldes pride. What light, is light, if Siluia be not seene? Id. Ib. Shakespeare. Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act iii. sc. 1. For. Be a merchant, I will freight thee With all store, that time is bought for. Cupid. Be a lover, I will wait thee With success in life most sought for. Ford. The Sun's Darling, Act iv. sc. 1. Neither did thy wisdome herein proceed in time onely, but in degrees: at first thou madest nothing absolute; first, thou madest things which should have being without life ; then, those which should have life and being; lastly, those which have being, life, reason: so we ourselves in the ordinary course of generation, first live the life of vegetation, then of sense, and reason afterwards. Bp. Hall. Cont. The Creation. That high eternall powre, which now doth moue Spenser. Hymne of Heauenly Loue, s. 4. It having pleased the most High God to reveal and represent himself to us under this name or title, he thereby suggests to us, that he would not have us apprehend him as any particular or limited Being, but as a Being in general, or the Being of all beings, who gives being to, and therefore exerciseth authority over all things in the world. Bp. Beveridge, vol. i. Ser. 13. Of this word no etymology has been given; it is not to be found in our early lexicographers. Per BEACH. BE'ACHED. BEACHY. wreathe,) whatever girds or surrounds. It seems to be applied by Hackluyt to the loose stones that lie between the water's edge and the main land. There, after we had gotten our goods on land, with much labour and strength of men, as also windlesses deuised and made, we haled your barke ouer a barre of beach or peeble stones into a small riuer, sending your ships apparell with other things to an house hired in a village thereby. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 355. In her this sea of death hath made no breach; Donne. Funeral Elegy on Lady Markham. Que. These are the forgeries of iealousie, Make mountaines leuell, and the continent Id. 2 Part Henry IV. Act iii. sc. 1. Albeit, adds he, in truth it was a fair and sandy beach, (as all the fleet might well perceive,) was some four or five miles from the town or fort, and much more easy than that of Fayal, where we before won our landing. Oldys. Life of Sir Walter Ralegh. "Hie, hie, we all," Alcander cry'd, "quick to the neighb'ring beach." They flew; they came but only to behold, Tremendous sight! the vessel dash its poop Amid the boiling breakers. BEACON, n. BEACON, V. BEACONED. BEACONAGE. Mason. The English Garden, b. iv. A. S. Beacen, Beacn, a token, or sign. Beacnian, to nodde unto, to becken, to signifie, (Somner.) Beacen, Skinner thinks, may be from the A. S. Be and cennan, to ken, to see. In G. Douglas, "Dat clarum e puppi signum," is rendered, "Furth of his eftschip ane bekin gart he stent." A beacon is Any thing so placed that it may be ken'd, seen, or distinguished, intended as a sign, notice, or warning. For menye of ryke men by my saule ich lye nat Ge brenneth ac ge blaseth nat, and that is a blynde bekne. Piers Plouhman, p. 333. The dieuyll than tooke Jesus vppe into an high mountayne, and out of the same mountayne as out of a beakon or an high place of spyall, he sodaynlye in a momente layeth all the kyngdomes of the worlde before his iyes. Udal. Luke, c. 4. For the custome of the countreyes adioynyng nere to ye see is (especially in the tyme of warr) on euery hill or high place to erect a bekon wt a greate laterne in the toppe, which maie be sene and discerned a great space of. Hall. Richard III. an. 3. As two broad beacons, set in open fields, That every one may see't which passeth by, Is love yplac'd.-Browne. Britann. Pastorals, b. i. s. 2. And to this purpose, hee ordained bikenings or beacons to bee set vp, that the same being fired might be seene farre off, and thereby the people to be raised. Stowe. Edw. II. an. 1326. No, if other things as great in the church, and in the rule of life both œconomical and political be not lookt into and reform'd, we have lookt so long upon the blaze that Zuing lius and Calvin have beacon'd up to us, that we are stark blind.-Milton. Speech on Unlicensed Printing. And, rais'd upon his desperate foot, The beacon of approaching war.-Hudibras, pt. i. c. 2. On the top of the steeple there remains an iron pitch-pot. designed as a beacon, to be fired occasionally, to alarm the country in case of invasion. It takes its name from the Saxon becnian, to call by signs. Pennant. Journey from Chester. Hadley Church. A suit for beaconage of a beacon standing on a rock in the sea may be brought into the court of admiralty, the admiral having an original jurisdiction over beacons. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iii. c. 7. BEAD. Spherula precatoria,( Skinner.) Bead, (says Tooke,) in the A. S. Beade, oratio, something prayed,- because one was dropped down a string every time a prayer was said, and thereby marked upon the string the number of times prayed. It is the past part. of biddan, orare, to bid, to invite, to solicit, to request, to pray (vol. ii. p. 266.) And ich bidde eny bedis, bote hit be in wratthe Then layeth he the cause of al these pore beggars, b their increase in nuber, and their default in finding, al t he laith to ye onely fault of the clergie, naming the in bederolle, bishops, &c.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 290. The senate now destitute of all helpe and comfort man, moved the people to devotion, to their beads, a praiers unto the gods.-Holland. Livivs, p. 92. Ah! my deere sonne, (quoth he) how should, alass, Silly old man, that liues in hidden cell, Bidding his beades all day for his trespass, Tidings of warre, and worldly trouble tell? With holy father fits not with such things to mell. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c Though now their acts be no where to be found, As that renowned poet them compiled, With warlike numbers, and heroick sound, Dan Chaucer (well of English vndefiled) On fames eternall bead-roll worthy to be filed. Id. Ib. b. iv. Rob. 'Twas such a bountie And honour done to your poore bedes woman, I know not how to owe it, but to thanke you. B. Jonson. The Sad Shepherd, Act ii. s The form of bidding prayer was not begun by king He as some have weakly imagined, but was used in the time popery, as will appear by the form of bidding the beads King Henry the 7th's time. The way was, first, for the prea to name and open his text, and then to call on the peopl go to their prayers, and to tell them what they were to for: after which all the people said their beads in a gen silence, and the minister kneeled down also and said hi Burnet. Hist. of Ref. b. i. pt. ii. an. 1 "Tell your beads," quoth the priest, "and be f truss'd up, For you surely to-night shall in Paradise sup." My poem would be too prolix.-Id. Alma, c. 3. In this dim cave, of diff'rent creed, BEADLE. BE'ADELRY. The schoolboy finds the frequent bead, Which many a formal matin blest.-Langhorne, Fa See Bedeau, Bedeaux, Bidello, in Menage. Bed BE'ADLE-SHIP. in Du Cange. Sp. B Ger. Bedelle; A. S. Bydel, Bædel, (Badfrom Biddan, Beadan, to bid, to tell, to or because, says Junius, he proclaims, and exec the will of the superior powers. A messenger, a servitor; a bearer of mess orders, warrants; an officer to execute ce orders, mandates, &c. Now is Mede the mayde, and no mo of hem alle Thar bedeles and hailifs, brouht byfore the kynge. Piers Plouhman, p. 38. Neve when they stode before the image, which Nabuchodmort set vp the bedel cried oute with al hys mighte, O ye pepe, kynredes and tunges, to you bee it sayde. Bible, 1551. Daniel, c. 3. Edward Wotton, son of Rich. Wotton, superior beadle of ry of this University of Oxon, by Margaret his wife, as within the City of Oxon.-Wood. Athena Oxon. Edriand Gayton, superior beadle of arts and physic of ths niversity, bach. of phys. actually created, by virtue of Aspensation from the delegates, 1647, turn'd out of his ip in the year following by the parliamentarian visites lived afterwards in London in a sharking conand wrote trite things merely to get bread to sustain him and his wife.-Id. Ib. Down rusht the rain Impetuous, and continu'd till the earth Rode tilting o're the waves.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xi. And then the armies buckling and dashing one against another, like unto ships pointed in the beakhead with pikes of brasse, and thrusting one at another by turnes, were with reciprocall and alternative motions as waves of the sea driven to and fro.-Holland. Ammianus, p. 423. Did they coin bowls, and flaggons, Stamp beakers, cups, and porringers?-—Hudibras, pt. i. c. 2. I remember the time when rascally company was kept should have the power of seeing very near objects distinctly. and the unlucky boys with toys and bells were whipped by a beadle. I have seen this done indeed of late, but then it has been only to chase the lads from chuck, that the might seize their copper.-Spectator, No. 509. Want money!" replied the host, that must be impos; for it was no later than yesterday he paid three Feas to our beadle to spare an old broken soldier that was to be whipped through the town for dog-stealing." Goldsmith. The Vicar of Wakefield. BEAGLE. Perhaps, says Skinner, from the French Bugler, to bellow; from their deep and orous bark (or bay.) Fr. Bigles, of which Menage offers no etymology. Skinner also sugts that both the English and French words may be derived from the It. Piccolo, (from the Lat. Pauculus,) q. d. cani piccoli, smaller dogs; for such beagles are when compared with other dogs of the chase. It is perhaps Bay-ell, a dim. of Bay, to bark: they changed into the guttural g. After the deliueraunce of this toune, the Frenchemen stil ke god begeles, foloweyng their preye, besieged the toune af Fallage-Hall. Hen. VI. an. 27. But list, alas! loue's beagles be And cries my heart from out the thicks. And at receit a waites.-Warner. Albion's England, b. vii. Galo may pull me roses ere they fall, Or in bas net entrap the tennis-ball; Or yelping beagles busy heeles pursue. Or send his spar-hawke mantling in her mew, Bp. Hall, b. iv. Sat. 4. With crowds attended of your ancient race, Ev'n then, industrious of the common good. Dryden, Epist. 13. Araty, see the deep-mouth'd beagles catch The tainted mazes; and, on eager sport Armairung. The Art of Preserving Health, b. iii. BEAK BEAKED. BE'AKER. Fr. Bec; It. Becco; Sp. Pico; Fr. Becquer; It. Dut. Beck. Beccare, to peck. A. S. Pycan ; Ger. Picken, to pick or peck." Mason, Ode 2. He lives, and o'er his brimming beaker boasts, Th' inglorious feat, and, clamorous in praise BEAM. A. S. Beam, Matt. vii., as below, B'EAMY. from Wiclif. Dut. Boom. "In A. S." says Junius, "Beam est arbor; from the Goth. Bagms, the true etymology of which I have still to seek." Wachter suggests, that the Goth. Bagms, may be immediately from the Icel. Byggia; and the A. S. Beam, from the Ger. Bauen, to build. The beams or rafters of a house sustain the whole building; the beam of a balance sustains Also applied the scales appended to each end. to The horn or antler of a stag. Wythoute gret harm, of scapede, bote Seyn Dunston by cas, That hente hym by a bem, and ysaued was. R. Gloucester, p. 288. But what seest thou a litil mote in the yghe of thi brothir, and seest not a beem in thine owne yghe? Or how seist thou to thi brother, brother suffre, I schal do out a mote fro thin yghe, and lo a beem is in thin owne yghe? Ypocrite, do out first the beem of thin yghe, and thanne thou schalt se to do out the mote of the yghe of thi brother. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 7. Why seyst yu a moote in thy brothers eye, & perceauest not ye beame yt is i thine owne eye. Or why sayest yu to thy brother: suffre me to plucke out the moote out of thyne eye, & behold a beame is in thine own eye. Ypocrit, first cast out ye beame out of thyne owne eye, and then shalt ya se clearly to plucke out the moote out of thy brothers eye. Bible, 1551. Ib. O Chaunteclere, accursed be the morwe, Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 15,236. Wherefore sodaynly serche was made, and theyr weyghtes founde and proued false, and ouer that all suche wares, as moche therof in theyr sayde houses, to the hynderaunce of the kynges custome.-Fabyan, an. 1286. ed. 1. The Ger. Becker, Dut. Beker, Vossius derives they shulde haue weyed at the kynges bealme, they weyed In tyme of whiche solempnyzacyon doynge, the holy meer oyle, by neclygence of the mynistres, or otherwise verage a doue discendynge from heuen brught in her - szin bayil a vyoil filled with oyle of moost swetest sauour, bered to seat Remygius.-Fabyan, c. 98. touring the Athenyans, although that there were of them drowned: yet there were seuene of theym le and brused in their foore partes with the beckes the Corynthyans, that was more stronge than theirs. Nicols. Thucydides, p. 183. By disting a piece out of our forecastle being close by A life wren in beake with laurell greene that flew, With that, at him his beam-like speare he aymed, Now Jove suspends his golden scales in air, Pope. The Rape of the Lock, c. 5. Dryden. Palamon & Arcite, b. iii. A ray of light emitted from an enlightened mass. To beam; to emit such rays; to emit, to effuse, to throw light, warmth; passion or strong feeling; to emit, to effuse, to kindle. Id. Virgil, Geor. 3. But a thing sothly dare I tell Chaucer. The Rom. of the Rose. Suche ought to be sette in a more highe place, than the residue, where they may se, and also be sene, that by the beames of theyr excellente wytte, shewed throughe the glasse of auctoritie, other of the inferiour vnderstanding, maye be directed to the waye of vertu and comodious liuing. Elyot. The Governour, b. i. c. 1. I saw a beauty from the sea to rise, B. Jonson. Vision on Drayton's Muse. And so at last, Minerva clear'd the cloud Jove let fall Before their eyes: a mighty light flew beaming every way, As well about their ships, as where their darts did hottest play.-Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xv. His back was turn'd, but not his brightness hid; I can resemble you to none aboue, So neare as to the chast-borne birth of Jove, The beamie Cynthia.-Chapman. Homer. Odysses, b. vi. As belief first engages practice, so practice strengthens and confirms belief. God beams in peculiar evidences and discoveries of the truth to such as embrace it in their affections, and own it in their actions.-South, vol. iv. Ser. 9. But in persons of eminent place and dignity, they [virtue and piety] are seated to a great advantage, so as to cast a lustre upon their very place, and by a strong reflexion to double the beams of majesty.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 3. You, gallant Vernon, saw, The miserable scene; you, pitying, saw, Tickell. The Royal Progress. I see the radiant visions, where they rise Akenside. Pleasures of Imagination, b. i. What are the sciences they beamed out to enlighten it? What are the arts they introduced to chear and to adorn it? Burke. On the Nabob of Arcot's Debts. A third, possessed of full grown reputation, shades off every beam of favour from those who endeavour to grow beneath him, and keeps down that merit, which, but for his influence, might rise into equal eminence. Goldsmith. The Bee, No. 4. A sullen calm unusual, dark and dead, BEAN, n. Ger. Bone; Dut. Boon; Sw. Bœna; Sax. Bean, Bien. Junius thinks from the Gr. πυκνον vel πυανos, the same with κυαμος, which Eustathius would believe to be so called Tара то kvei aiμa, because they produce blood. The king of Alimayne sende specialliche inou Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9724. |