We certainly shall lose each other.-Lloyd. Chit Chat. BURBOLTS. i. e. Birdbolts. Mr. Gifford says-blunt, pointless arrows; for with such birds were brought down. But. He set up his bils here in Messina, and challeng'd Capid at the fight: and my vnckle's foole reading the chalge, subscrib'd for Cupid, and challeng'd him at the burbell-Shakespeare. Much Ado about Nothing, Act i. sc. 1. Ist a little devil fly out of her eye like a burbolt which dicks at this hour up to the feathers of my heart. Ford. The Witch of Edmonton, Act ii. sc. 1. A. S. Byrden, or Byrthen, from the A. S. Byran, to bear, to carry. BURDEN, or BURTHEN, v. B'ATHEN, BURDENING, H. BURDENOUS. BURDENSOME. BURDENSOMENESS. load (borne). That which is borne or carried; the weight which is borne or carried, sustained or supported; the To burden, is to impose a weight or load; to load, to oppress. Burden, in musick, Fr. Bourdon; It. Bordone. He bara berden ybounde. with a brod lyste. Piers Plouhman, p. 119. But that light thing of oure tribulacioun that lastith now but as it were bi a moment, worchith in us ouer measure an everlastynge birthan into the highnesse of glorie. Wiclif. 2 Corynth. c. 4. Burdens that been importable; On fikes shoulders things they couchen That they will with their fingers touchen And why wall they not touche it whye For hem ne liste nat sikerly For sadde burdons that men taken Make folkes shoulders aken.-Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose. This spour bare to him a stiff burdoun. Was neuer trompe of half so gret a soun. Id. Prologue, v. 675. His wife bare him a burden a ful strong, Men might hir routing heren a furlong. Id. The Reves Tale, v. 4163. He had built at his own expence, to prosecute them, a strong handsome ship, which was namid the Bark Ralegh, of two hundred ton burden.-Oldys, Life of Ralegh. As exercise becomes tedious and painful when we make use of it only as the means of health, so reading is apt to grow uneasy and burdensome when we apply ourselves to it only for our improvement in virtue.-Tatler, No. 147. Thus Demosthenes, finding that ship money was levied irregularly, and that the poor bore the same burden as the rich in equipping the galleys, corrected this inequality by a very useful law, which proportioned the expence to the revenue and income of each individual. For as I can be content to confesse the lightness wherwith I have bin in times past worthi to be burdened, so would I De runs as if or devors might be accepted. Hume. Of some remarkable Customs, Ess. 10. The Druids were kept entirely distinct from the body of the people; and they were exempted from all the inferiour and burthensome offices of society, that they might be at leisure to attend the important duties of their own charge. Burke. An Abridgement of English History, b.i. c. 2. BURDEN. Fr. Bourdon; It. Bordone. A club, a staff. I found him [Daunger] cruell in his rage, And in his hond a great bourdoun.-Chaucer. R. of the R. The villaine wroth for greeting him so sore, Burke. Thoughts on French Affairs. Goth. Bairgan; A. S. Beorgan, borgan, byrgan; to defend, to keep safe, to forSee tify, to strengthen. BOROUGH, and Borsholder. A burg meant formerly a fortified town. And see the quotation from Harrison. Somner calls it a city, a fort, a fortresse, a tower, a castle; and Burh-bote A repairing, renewing or amending of cities, Gascoigne. The Steele Glas, Prefatory Address. castles, forts, and the like. should declare their debts (wherewyth he perceiued manye He caused a proclamation to be made yt al souldiers of them are burdened) & though their debt did rise through theire one disardre & excesse, yet he was determined to dacharge every man-Brende. Quintus Curtius, fol. 293. If that my booke be burthenouse shift the of it betyme Least thou ass-lyke vnloden the with greater note of cryme. There is buryed a bodye, which albeit were alyue, yet were it grosse and heanye, and by the reason of that bourday to the soule, gouernour of the same, but there shall agaye not a naturall, but a spirituall bodye, which to the sale be no let, whither soeuer it moue. Udal. 1 Corinthians, c. 15. Drant. Horace, b. i. Ep. To Asella. I am farre from defending the multitude or burdenme of ceremonies.-Whitgift. The Defense, p. 108. Whilst in her cries, that fild the vale along Herrie burdens and loades be stirred and removed with case in water-Holland. Plinie, b. ii. c. 103. shyre as they thought moste welefull for the comon weale of ye sayd shyre & lande, nowe King Rycharde wolde appoynte ye personys, and wyll them for to chose such as then he named, wherby his singular causys were preferryd & the cōmon causys put by.-Fabyan, an. 1398. Who compt the quiet burgher but an asse, That liues at ease contented with his owne, Whiles they seeke more and yet are ouerthrown. Gascoigne. Fruits of Warre. After that, four dukes, four marquesses, four landgraues, four burgraues.-Bale. Votaryes, pt. ii. p. 13. He sent vnto the Beotians withall diligence and commanded, that they shoulde come towardes hym incōtinently, with the greatest bende that they coulde vnto Tripodisque. Whiche is a burgage in the territory of Megare vnder the mountaigne of Gerania.-Nicolls. Thucydides, p. 112. And albeit euery of the foresayd cities sent one of their burgomasters vnto the towne of Hague in Holland, to treat with the English ambassadours, it was in the end found out, that they had not any authority of negociating or concluding at al-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 157. Sone after the wyntere, whan the somer bigan, The chiefe man likewise of euerie denarie or tithing was in those daies called a tithing man, in Latine decurio, but now in most places a borsholder or burgholder, as in Kent; where euerie tithing is moreouer named a burgh or burrow; although, &c.-Harrison. Description of England, c. 4. The members [of Parliament] are of three sorts: First, &c. Thirdly, those of cities, burroughs, and towns, called burgesses.-Spelman. Of Parliaments. And ke some baistrous wind arising from the north, By presumpcion wherof, he sent into al gode burghes, cyties, and townes of his lande, secrete and strayte comyssions, chargynge the rulers, that they, vpon a certayne day, that is to say, vpon the daye of Seynt Brice, at an houre assygned, in euery place of his lande, the Danys shulde be classes more and more, became burdonous and offencive Casar now by this time having giuen the head unto licen bal good men-Holland. Ammianus, p. 14. VOLI. Also that where before tymes the kynges of Engionde vsed to sende out commyssions vnto burgeysys of cities and townes, to chose of theyre fre lybertie such knyghtys of the In vain an expiring interest in a borough calls for offices, or small livings, for the children of mayors, and aldermen, and capital burgesses. His court rival has them all. Burke. Thoughts on the present Discontent. Hence charter'd boroughs are such public plagues; And burghers, men immaculate perhaps In all their private functions, once combin'd, Become a loathsome body only fit For dissolution, hurtful to the main.-Cowper. Task, b. iv The king sent a notification of these proceedings to each burgmote, when the people of the court also swore to the observance of them, and confederated, by means of mutual strength and common to prosecute delinquents against them.-Burke. Abridgement of Eng. Hist. b. ll. c. 7. BU'RGENET. Fr. Bourguinette, perhaps from the A. S. Byrg-an, to protect, to defend. A defence or protection, (sc.) for the head; a helmet. The glorious day that I thy rich glove wan, Drayton. The Baron's Wars. BURGLARY. BURGLAR. BURGLARER. BURGLARIOUS. Beaumont, Bosworth Field. Formed from Burgi latrocinium; the robbing or plundering of a house. See the quotation from Blackstone. Surely, neither charity, nor justice can dissuade me from resisting; the laws of God and man will allow me to defend my own; and if in this resistance the thief, or burglayer miscarry, his blood will be upon his own head. Bp. Hall. Cases of Conscience. In the same prince's reign, Sir William Brain was sent to the Tower, only for procuring the pope's bull against certain burglarers that robbed his own house. State Trials. Garnet, an. 1606. So that to break open the closet of a man's breast, to ransack his mind, to pilfer away his thoughts, his affections, his purposes, may well be deemed a worse sort of burglary or theft, than to break open doors, to rifle trunks, or to pick pockets.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 21. The definition of a burglar, as given us by Sir Edward Coke, is he that by night breaketh and entereth into a mansion-house with intent to commit a felony." Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 24. In burglary do they insist, that the jury have nothing to do but to find the taking of goods, and that if they do, they must necessarily find the party guilty, and leave the rest to the judge; and that they have nothing to do with the word felonie in the indictment? Burke. Power of Juries in Prosecutions, &c. As for the entry, any the least degree of it, with any part of the body, or with an instrument held in the hand, is sufficient; as, to step over the threshold, to put a hand or a hook in at a window to draw out goods, or a pistol to demand one's money, are all of them burglarious entries. 66 Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 16. BURL. In Pliny, (b. xxv.) mox desquamaBURLER.tur Cimolia-is rendered by Holland, 'they fall anone to burling it with Cimolia." And see the quotation from Holland's Plutarch, in v. BECLAW. Skinner thinks it is from the Fr. Bourre, (See BUR.) To burl then will be To clear away or take off the burrs, the down or hairy coat, the shreds, knots, threads, &c. To come then to the mysterie of fullers craft, first they wash and scoure a peece of cloth with the earth of Sardinia, then they perfume it with the smoke of brimstone, which done, they fall anone to burling it with Cimolia. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxv. c. 17. Then up-hung On rugged tenters, to the fervid sun Still brightening in each rigid discipline, And gathering worth; as human life, in pains, BURLESQUE, v. Dyer. Fleece, b. iii. A word recently introduced into our country, (Skinner.) Fr. Burlesque; It. Burlesco;-from Fr. Burler; It. Burlare; Low Lat. Burdare. See BOURD. Cotgrave says, "burlesque; jeasting, or in jest, not serious; also mocking, flouting." See the quotation from the Spectator. And which is worst, the noblest sort on't, Of th' whole poetical creation, Cotton. Upon the Great Frost. Dryden. The Art of Poetry, c. 1. Burlesque is therefore of two kinds, the first represents mean persons in the accoutrements of heroes; the other describes great persons acting and speaking, like the basest among the people.-Spectator, No. 249. It is a dispute among the criticks, whether burlesque poetry runs best in heroic verse, like that of the Dispensary; or in doggerel, like that of Hudibras.-Id. No. 249. In which time he [Denham] did translate one of Virgil's Eneids and burlesqu'd it, but whether he ever published it I know not.-Wood. Athence Oxon. They burlesqued the prophet Jeremiah's words, and turned the expression he used into ridicule. Stillingfleet, vol. ii. Ser. 4. Who is it that admires, and from the heart is attached to national representative assemblies, but must turn with horrour and disgust from such a profane burlesque, and abominable perversion of that sacred institute? Burke. Reflections on the French Revolution. I believe no man living could have imagined it possible, except for the sake of burlesquing a subject, to propose remedies, so ridiculously disproportionate to the evil, so full of uncertainty in their operation, and depending for their success in every step upon the happy event of so many new, dangerous, and visionary projects. Id. On a late State of the Nation. He has written some very agreeable pieces, of the burlesque kind, in Iambics, with much delicacy, wit, and humour, and I will add too, even eloquence; for every species of composition, which is perfect in its kind, may with propriety be termed eloquent.-Melmoth. Pliny, b. vi. Let. 21. From the It. Burlare. BURLETTA. BURLESQUE. The new burletta's now the thing Pray did you never hear me sing? "Never indeed." Cambridge. Intruder. He was of visage louely, of bodye myghtie, strong and cleane made: howe be it in his latter dayes wyth ouer liberall dyet, somewhat corpulente and booreley and nathelesse not uncomelye.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 36. Againe they whiche troubled as yet with worldly lustes cyon, the grounde of a vow after the sacred Scriptures, and The girl, I found, had good sense, and told me with a Tatler, No. 116. BURN, v. BURNING. Cowper. Task, b. i. To be, or cause to be, on fire, destroyed by fire; (Met.) To be inflamed, with passion or desire; He causeth th' one to rage with golden burning dart, Surrey. Description of the Fickle Affections, &c. Gascoigne. Dan Bartholomew. Notwithstandinge, it is not so longe sithence the seide fayth, even as it is impossible to separate heat and burning In yonder walls be mines of gold, quoth he! White beets only stamped, although there come no oile The persuasion that health may thereby be recovered, A child, who has been burnt with a red-hot coal, is carefu to avoid touching the flame of a candle; for as the visibl qualities of the latter are like to those of the former, he ex pects, with a very high degree of assurance, that the effect produced by the candle operating on his fingers, will b similar to those produced by the burning coal. BURN, v. Beattie. On Truth, pt. i. c. 2.7 Fr. Brunir, to burnish, to fur I brown, (Cotgrave.) It. Bru nire; Sp. Brunir; Dut. Bruy neren; infuscare, polire metalla. The Fr. Brunir Junius says, is to make brown, (i. e. to give a burne colour. See BROWN and BRONZE.) Whence t burnish metal is to rub it till it has fuscum nitorem till it is brown and bright. Skinner says, tha Brunir, to polish (sc. armour) is, he believes, from the verb to burn, because arms carefully polishe shine so intensely as to appear to burn. Gowe and Chaucer write to burn. To burn or burnish (generally) is To brighten or give brightness, to polish: to ru off the rust, to polish up for use: to be or be come bright, splendid, conspicuous; to shin forth. And downward from an hill under a bent, Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 199 And Phebus died hath hire tresses grete, Id. The Doctoures Tale, v. 11,97 And euermore, as it is tolde, He toke also with hym by ship.-Gower. Con. A. b. v. Upon the top an ern ther stood, Id. Ib. Launfal, in Ritson. Romances, v Skelton. The Crowne of Laur His old rustie rules newe burnished, and his olde Rom rags new patched by a newly confyrmed auctoritie, they embrase in paine of death.-Bale. Image, pt. ii. Some had their armynge sweardes freshly burnished some had the conningly varnyshed.-Hall. Hen. IV. an As touching the legs of those which be whole houfed, t be all full as long when they first come into the worl ever they will be well may they shoot out bigger burnish afterward, but (to speak truly and properly) t grow no more in length.-Holland. Plinie, b. xi. c. 48. The judge of torments and the king of teares, He fills a burnish'd throne of quenchless fire: And for his old faire robes of light, he weares A gloomy mantle of dark flames. Crashaw. Sospelo d'Herode, Blushes, that bin Id. Wishes to his (supposed) Mists Of Churchill's race perhaps some lovely boy, On the heath the heifer strays That our disgrace might want no sort of brightening Burnishing; observe who they were that composed famous embassy. Burke. Speech at Bristol previous to the Elec BURROW, v. Br'xow, M. BU'EROWY. A. S. Beorgan, byrgan, to defend, to protect, to strengthen, See BOROUGH. See Tooke. A defended or protected place, (for rabbits, &c.; to which warren is synonymous.) To barrow, to form burrows or places of protection or security, (sc. under ground.) Faxes han borwis or dennes, and briddis of the eir han , but mannes sone hath not where he shal reste his -Wiclif. Matthew, c. 8. Also the fowls that were there, were very good meate and rest store of them, they haue burrowes in the ground like conies, for they cannot flie. Hacklugt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 805. As I have seen Animble tumbler on a burrow'd greene Bend cleane awry his course, yet give a checke Browne. Pastorals, b. ii. Sr, this vermin of court reporters, when they are forced day upon one point, are sure to burrow in another; but they shall have no refuge; I will make them bolt out of all les-Burke. Speech on American Taxation. As when hawks, herons, or other birds build in my trees, ceys or other creatures make their nests or burrows in yad, and have young ones there; I have a qualified propey in these young ones till such time as they can fly or ran away, and then my property expires. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. ii. c. 25. BURSE. Dut. Beurs; Ger. Borse; Fr. BURSAR Bourse; It. Borsa; Sp. Bolsa; BERSARY. Lat. Bursa; from the Gr. Bupon, BARSHIP. corium, (Voss. de Vit. lib. ii. c. 2) i. e. a hide or skin;-the material of which that now called a purse or burse, was made. Per synecdochen, (Wachter observes) materiæ pro Holland forma. See also Menage in v. Bourse. renders teica, a burse or skin. It is also applied to A place for money or mercantile transactions. Bursar, i. e. PURSER, (qv.) Furthermore hee affirmeth, that they be not the right of a bever, when they are seene without a twofold or akin, which no living creature hath besides. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxii. c. 2. Tattelnas Trampling the bourse's marble twice a day, As for his [Hales] justness and uprightness in his dealthat knew, have avouched him to be incomparable; then he was bursar of his Coll, and had received bad er, he would lay it aside, and put good of his own in fit to pay to others.-Wood. Athenæ Oxon. Net the plotting of an headship, (for that is now become a corbat the contriving of a bursership of twenty motes a year, in many times done with as great a portion of stir g, siding, ke.—Hale. Remains, p. 276. It has been considered as of so much importance, that a proper number of young people should be educated for certain professions, that sometimes the public, and sometimes the pety of private founders, have established many penscholarships, exhibitions, bursaries, &c. for this Furpose-Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 10. BURST, . or A. S. Burstan, bærstan, beorstan, rumpere; Dut. Borsten, bersten; Ger. Bresten, BRUST. Brast, a. erstra, Sw. Brista, to break open or asunder. It seems to be peculiarly applied when the thing roken incloses or surrounds something else; as torsta bladder; the bottle burst. It is also ed without any such restriction. To break open or apart, to rush, to gush forth. Met. to burst with envy; the passions burst forth. From the Lat. Rumpere, we have borrowed the pounds, abrupt, &c. corrupt, &c. disruption, tion, irruption, and also the uncompounded pare-the disease peculiarly so called, Boyle "burstress or rupture," (Works, enominates vivi. p. 376.) The the sytyn of lance was ydo, to the suerde hii nome, An engyn had thei ther in, & profred for to kast, And this Iudas hadde a feeld of the hire of wickednesse, he was hanged and to brast the myddil and alle hise entres weren shed abrood.-Wiclif. Acts, c. 1. And the same hath nowe possessed a plot of groude with the rewarde of iniquitie, and when he was hanged brast sonder in the myddes and all hys bowels gushed out. And er that Arcite may take any kepe, He pight him on the pomel of his hed. That in the place he lay as he were ded, His brest to bresten with his sadel bow. Bible, 1551, Ib. Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2693. In which ther ran a romble and a swough, Id. Ib. v. 1982. Whanne the kynge of Englande arryued in the Hogue Dion. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 122. How ceremonious, solemne, and vn-earthly Cleo. But of all, the burst And the eare-deaff'ning voyce o' th' Oracle, Shakespeare. Winter's Tale, Act iii. sc. 1. When the Cardinal reported this message to the Pope, he was struck with so sensible an affliction that he burst into tears.-Tatler, No. 5. For this purpose we agreed to meet him with our usual And indignation rival bursts I pour'd; BURY. BU'RIAL. BURYER. BU'RYING. Young. The Complaint, Night 3. Dut. Berghen; Ger. Bergen ; A. S. Byrgan, sepelire : To put into a place of protection, safety, or defence. Hence also to hide, to secrete, to conceal; to put or keep in secresy, or concealment. To bury the dead,-to place or deposit in a place of security; to inter; to place in a grave, in a sepulchre. Burial, A. S. Byrgel, is the diminutive of Byrigor Burgh, a defended or fortified place, (Tooke.) See BURGH. Formerly applied to the place, now to the act, of burying. The morwe after Seynte Marye day the latere ded was, An burgels al nywe ymad. R. Brunne, p. 1. Ryght so by the rode quath ich. rouhte the nevere Wher my body yburied were. by so ge hadde my goodes. Piers Plouhman, p. 202. Anothir of hise disciplis seide to him, Lord suffre me to go first, and birie my fadir: but Jhesus seide to him, sue thou me, and lete the dede men birie ther dede men. Wiclif. Matthew, c. 8. The earth schook, and stoones weren cloven, and birials weren opened, and many bodies of sayntes that hadden slept rysen up.-Id. Ib. c. 27. Cecil him toke and buried him anon Chaucer. The Second Nonnes Tale, v. 15,877. But sens thus sinfully ye me beguile My bodie mote ye seen within a while Right in the hauen of Athenes fletyng Withouten sepultre and burying Though ye ben harder then is any stone. Id. Legend of Phillis. Thus they suaged somwhat his yre, and so passed that night; and the next mornyng Richarde Stafforde was buried in the churche of the vyllage thereby, and at his burying were all those of his linage, barons, knightes, and squyers, that were in that armye. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 12. They shal ordeyne me also to be dead buryers, euer goyng thorowe the lande, and appoynte them certain places to burye those in, whiche remayne vpon the felde, that the land may be clensed.-Bible, 1551. Ezechiel, c. 39. O yet more miserable, Myself my sepulcher, a moving grave, By priviledge of death and burial I observed, indeed, that the present war had filled the church with many of these uninhabited monuments, which had been erected to the memory of persons whose bodies were perhaps buried in the plains of Blenheim or in the bosom of the ocean.-Spectator, No. 26. I have determined to revise my speeches, lest for the want of this remaining labour, all the pains they cost me should be thrown away, and they, with their author, be buried in oblivion. Melmoth. Pliny, b. v. Let. 5. BUSH. BU'SHMENT. BU'SHY. Fr. Bois; It. Bosco; Sp Bosque; Ger. Busch; Dut. Bosch; Sw. Buske, a wood. From Booker, to feed, because there cattle feed; as nemus, from veμew, (Wachter and Junius.) Skinner prefers to derive it from the Lat. Arbuscula. Formerly applied to A whole wood, (sylva, nemus,) but now to a low tree or shrub with thick, small bows or shoots: to any thing similar, as a bushy wig. Bushment was used anciently as ambush and ambushment are now. See AMBUSH, and also Busk. Briddes ich by heelde. in bosshes maden neestes. Piers Plouhman, p. 223. And of deed men that they rise agen han ye not red in the book of Moyses on the buysh hou God spak to him and seye, Y am God of Abraham and God of Isaac and God of Jacob?-Wiclif. Mark, c. 12. Ther as by aventure this Palamon Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1519. His heade is the most fine golde; the lockes of his here are bushed, browne as the evening. Bible, 1551. Ballettes, c. 5. His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushie and black as a raven.-Id. Modern Version. To binde a bushe of thornes amongst sweete smelling floures, May make the posie seeme the worse, and yet the fault is ours: For throw away the thorne, and mark what will ensew? The posie then will shew itselfe, sweete, faire and fresh of hew.-Gascoigne. Councell to Duglasse Diue. Tyl at last in the nether ende of the hal, a bushement of the Duke's seruantes and Nashefeldes and other longing to the Protectour, with some prentises and laddes that thrust into the hal amonge the prese, began sodainelye at mennes backes to crye owte as lowde as their throtes would giue: Kyng Rycharde, Kynge Rycharde and threwe vp their cappes in token of ioye.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 64. Fynally he concluded that he wolde make a busshement with a certayne nombre of knyghtes; and lye awayte to take the vytayle yt was brought to the hoost from ye porte of Russilian.-Fabyan. Philippe III. an. 1273. Whereupon feyning a mistrust for the slaughter in the last ouerthrowe, she gaue backe so longe till she had brought Cyrus into a strayt, and there enuironing him with a bushement of souldiers layd before in the mountaynes for the same purpose, she slewe 200,000 Persians and the King himselfe.-Goldyng. Justine, fol. 6. The feldes whist, beastes, and fowles of diuers hue These blazing starres the Greeks call Cometas, our Romanes Crinitas: dreadfull to be seene, with bloudie haires, and all over rough and shagged in the top like the bush of haire upon the head.-Holland. Plinie, b. ii. c. 25. Moreover a goodly broad busht tail they [the squirrels] have, wherewith they cover their whole body.-Id. Ib. b.viii. c. 38. Here (queen of forests all, that west of Severn ly) Her broad and bushy top Dean holdeth up so high, The lesser are not seen, she is so tall and large. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 7. If Lindamor, you would take notice of these and some other toils and hardships that attend a gardener's trade, you would, I doubt not. confess, that his employments, like his bushes, bring him thorns as well as roses. Boyle. Occas. Reflect. s. 5. Ref. 4. As the two armies romped together on these occasions, the women complained of the thick bushy beards and long nails of their confederates, who immediately took care to prune themselves into such figures as were most pleasing to their friends and allies.-Spectator, No. 434, Amid the falling gloom of night, Her startling fancy found In every bush his hovering shade, His groan in every sound.-Mallet. Edwin & Emma. Close unto the passage, op'ning into Greece, BU'SHEL. Fr. Boisseau; Mid. Lat. Bussellus. Menage derives (nescio quam bene, says Skinner,) from Bosse, tuber. See BOSSE. A measure of quantity, equal to eight gallons. A boussel of bred corn. brouht was thr ynne For ich wolle sowe hit myself.-Piers Plouhman, p. 131. Chaucer. The Reves Tale, v. 4241. For this I fynde of Haniball, That of golde rynges, whiche he drough Gower. Con. A. b. v. In the countrey wheat was solde for foure shillings the quarter, mault for four shillings and eyght pence, and in some place a bushell of rie for a pound of candles which was four pence.-Stow. Queen Mary, an. 1558. Please to desire Mr. Morphew to send me in a bushel of coals on the credit of my answer to his Czarian majesty; for I design it shall be printed for Morphew, and the weather grows sharp.-Tatler, No. 232. BUSK. Now written Bush. See BOSKE. BUSK, v. Dr. Jamieson thinks from the Busk, n. Ger. Butzen, bussen; Dut. Boetsen; Sw. Puts-a, ornare, decorare; and he observes that in Ger. Butz frauw, is a well dressed woman; and that hence it means— 1. To prepare, to make ready; 2. To tend, to direct one's course. Busk, n. "Fr. Busque or Buste. The long, small (or sharp pointed), and hard quilted belly of a doublet." Also a piece of steel or other material to keep the dress of the body firm to the shape. And many of tho Danes priuely were left, And busked westward, for to robbe eft.-R. Brunne, p. 39. Thy selve and thy sonnes three. and suthen goure wyves Buske gow to that bot. a bydeth ther ynne Tyl fourty dayes be fulfilled.-Piers Plouhman, p. 177. Be we neuer so lef and dere, Out of this world all schul we meue And whon we buske vnto ur bere Ageyn ur will we take ur leve. Ritson. Ancient Songs, p. 45. BU'SKIN. Dut. Broseken, brosken; Fr. BU'SKINED. Botine, brodequin; It. Borzacchino; Sp. Borzegui, botin. Kilian informs us that Le Duchat, in his notes on Rabelais, derives it from the Gr. Bupra, a hide or skin. (See BURSE.) Skinner and Menage may be referred to, but to little advantage. The Fr. Botine; Sp. Botin, is a small boot; a summer boot, Cotgrave calls it. See the quotation from Melmoth. Some cunning man maye teach thee for to ryde As both thy legges may swell thy buskins full. The lyons skyn about his backe was of cloth gold of damaske, wrought and frysed with flatte golde of damaske for the heeres, and buskyns gold on his legges. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 12. For writing of the Troiane warr Drant. Horace. The Arte of Poetrye. His buskins (edg'd with silver) were of silke, Brown. Pastorals, b. i. s. 1. In happy chains our daring language bound The buskin was a kind of high shoe worn upon the stage by the actors of tragedy in order to give them a more heroical elevation of stature.-Melmoth. Pliny, b. ix. Let. 9. BUSS, v. It. Basciare; Fr. Baiser; Sp. Buss, n. Besar; Dut. Boesen; Lat. Basiare, of unknown etymology. Written by Chaucer and others bass. To kiss; to touch with the lips. Chaucer. The Court of Loue. Ritson. From Harleian MS. Temp. Hen. V. And thys good minde, good Lord, will I keepe styll and neuer let it fall out of my hart al the while that I lye bassing with Besse. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 557. He, litle looking that she should complain, Sidney. Arcadia, b. iii. But he that brings him home againe, A busse? yet not a busse alone doubtlesse shall haue, Come, grin on me, and I will thinke thou smil'st, O come to me.-Shakespeare. King John, Act iii. sc. 4. What might before next summer's sun.-Prior. The Mice. BUSS. Mid. Lat. Bussa; Dut. Buise, a larger sort of ship after the likeness of a box, (which Busse also signifies) with wide hull and broad prow, (Spelman.) The name is still common in the north. Herfor kyng Richard wrathes him & sais, "Dight vs thider ward our busses & galais, Mi sister I wille out wyn or I ferrer go." R. Brunne, p. 149. Two busses were forfaren, that in the tempest brak, The godes attached waren to the kyng of Cipres Isaac. Id. p. 158. This mode of fishing (by busses or decked vessels from 20 to 80 tons burden) seems not so well adapted to the situation of Scotland as to that of Holland. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. iv. c. 5. In the year 1759, when the duty was at fifty shillings the ton, the whole buss-fishery of Scotland, brought in only four barrels of sea sticks (i. e. herrings caught and cured at sea.), Id. Ib. BUST. Fr. Buste. The whole bulk or bo BU'sTo. of a man, from his face to his midd (Cotgrave.) But die, and she'll adore you-then the bust Pope. Moral Essays, Ep. With honour thus by Carolina plac'd, Swift. Epigram on the Busts at Richmo Nature! 'tis thine with manly warmth to mourne Expiring virtue, and the closing urn; To teach, dear seraph! o'er the good and wise! BU'STLER. BU'STLING, n. The old word to Buskle m be from Busk in the seco usage given by Dr. Jamieso (see Busk,) and Bustle, a different writing of Skinner thinks that Bustle or Brustle is from t A. S. Brastlian, crepitare; to rustle. To be active, to make haste, to move or s about in a hurry, tumult, or confusion. Wherefore now began the bisshopes to busskle and b rule both in the seculare pour & pompe ouer the peple a playd the kinges about 160 yere before Crystis birth. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c Now tel me tha if thou wer goynge out of an hows whither arte thou goynge out-onely whã thy fote is on vttermost ynch of the threshold thy body half out of doore, or else whan thou beginnest to set the firste fo forward to goe out, in what place of the house so euer stand whan ye buskle forward.-Sir T. More. Workes, p If at day breake with candle lightes thou buskle not at booke, If thou to sum good exercyse, or studie do not looke, In loue or malice shalt thou plunge, yea, thoughe thou be awake. Drant. Horace. Epistle to Loll And you shall passe by a bustling of a tyde that sho out of the chanel that way, but you need not fear any th for you shall have no lesse than eight fathom water, being past the said bustling but a minion shot you s loose the ground and be in the channel. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. That as from hollow bustling winds, engendered stor arise, When dust doth chiefly clog the wayes, which up into skies The good man bustled through the crowd accordingly when he came to the seats to which he was invited, th was to sit close, and expose him, as he stood out of co nance to the whole audience.-Spectator, No. 6. The fight you must believe, brought doun the lady's door, and obliged her with her mask off to enquire int bustle, when she sees the man she would avoid.-Id. No While winding now, and intricate, Now more develop'd, and in state, Th' united stream, with rapid force, Pursues amain its downward course, Till, at your feet absorb'd, it hides Beneath the ground its bustling tides. Jago. Labour & G Forgive him, then, thou bustler in concerns Of little worth, an idler in the best, If, author of no mischief and some good, He seek his proper happiness by means That may advance, but cannot hinder, thine. BUSY, v. BU'sy, adj. BU'SILESS. BU'SILY. Cowper. Task, Dut. Besigh; Fr. Be besogner; It. Bisogno, bisog "A.S. Bysgian, occupare, cupy or employ," (Somner. To be or cause to be b implies (by usage,) to be or cause to be occupied or employed; to be actively eng to be employed or engaged beyond due mea to be too actively meddling. BU'SINESS. And herof made he bokes Ge busiliche bokes. Piers Ploukman, p. 19| But I wole that ghe be without bisynesse, for he withoute wyf is bisi what thingis ben of the Lord, schal plese God, but he that is with a wyf is bi thingis ben of the world hou he schal plese the wyf, is departid.-Wiclif. 1 Cor. c. 7. But whanne thou goist with thin aduersarye in the weye to the prince: do disynesse to be dyleuerid from him, lest penture he take thee to the domesman. Wiclif. Luk, c. 12. And he rente hem in to Bethleem: and seide go ye, and bisily of the child and whanne ye han foundun tell rime: that I also come and worschipe him. On every bough the birdes heard I sing Id. Matt. c. 2. Chaucer. The Assembly of Foules. No wher so besy a man as he ther n'as, And yet he semed besier than he was. Id. The Prologue, v. 323. Though I sekenesse haue vpon honde And lenge haue had, yet wolde I fonde To write, and do my besinesse, That in some partie so as I gesse, The wise man maie be aduised. Gower. Con. A. of this but and of without is exactly the same. Tooke observes, that not any one word in any language will answer to our English but; because a similar corruption in the same instance has not happened in any other language. Mr. Steevens acknowledges the existence of the two words but and bot. But, he observes, is the A. S. Butan; butan leas, absque falso, without a lie. In ancient writings, he adds, this preposi- | tion is commonly distinguished from the adversative conjunction but; the latter being usually spelt bot. Mr. Tyrwhitt observes, that this preposition occurs frequently in Gawin Douglas, but that he had not himself noticed it in Chaucer. He had overlooked it. In the examples from Chaucer, "I nam but a compilatour;" "That I may have Mr. Tooke remarks, that nat, but my meate. we should now say, "I am but a compilator;" "That I may have but my, &c." and this omission of the negation is, in his opinion, one of the most This sard Momolus, with the forenamed Bladascus and blameable and corrupt abbreviations of constructher of that affynytie, shulde set a fyre an olde templetion in our language. But denotes― within the cytle, and when the people of the cytie were beyed to quench ye fyre, the sayd Momolus with his adheate to open the gates, and so to let in Lyndegylsus and Es knyghtes-Fabyan, vol. i. c. 123 As at another time, when Christ was so feruently busied in baling the people, that he had no leisure to eat, they west out to hold him, supposing that he had bene beside -Tyndall. Workes, p. 25. The Frenche kynge and his counsaile, and the duke of Narmady wer sore besied, what for the voyage of the Croyy that he had taken vpon hym, and for the warres that the kynge of Nauarre made in the realme. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 218. De] such preaching of reformacion & amendmēt of world meete maters for him to meddle wt, which with persies & plain pestilēt errours besily goeth aboute to porsi & infect the world.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 299. The other may be better called a vacation from seryouse Of rastling leaves; but minded not, as us'd To ach disport, before her, through the field, Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ix. Tended the sick, busiest from couch to couch.-Id. Ib. b. xi. I forget: But these sweet thoughts, doe euen refresh my labours Shakespeare. Tempest, Act iii. sc. 1. As for the greatest God, and the whole world, men should arty & curiously search after the knowledge thereof, pragmatically enquire into the causes of things, it being not as for them so to do.-Cudworth. Intell. Syst. p. 76. She knows all that passes in every quarter, and is well quitted with all the favourite servants, busy-bodies, dependants and poor relations of all persons of condition in the whole town-Spectator, No. 437. When a subject is proposed to your thoughts, consider whether it be knowable at all, or no; and then whether it be not above the reach of your enquiry and knowledge in the present state; and remember that it is a great waste of time, to busy yourselves too much amongst unsearchables. Watts. Improvement of the Mind, pt. i. c. 18. Let us look around us, and observe how the greater part of those we meet are employed. In what is it that their thoughts are busied ?-Porteus, vol. i. Lect. 12. The persons who have worked this engine the most busily, are those who have ended their panegyricks in dethroning As successor and descendant. Burke. Reflections on the French Revolution. It seldom happens that men of a studious turn acquire My degree of reputation for their knowledge of business. Porteus. Tracis. Life of Abp. Secker. BUT or Bor, i. e. be-out, distinguished from to boot, though the different manner of writing two words is not preserved in old writers. AS. Butan, buton are used precisely as S. But, "One of them shall not fall on the ad, butan eowrun faeder, without your father," 1.29.) "Have ye not read how the priests the temple profane the Sabbath, and synt butan and are without blame," (Matt. xii. 5.) where rendered besides, it has properly the meaning. "They that had eaten were about Be out, without, put or take out, except, unless. A moneth it was ther aftur, that Cole syk lay, Ne that no man ys wurthe to be ycluped kyng, What shal we say then, is the lawe synne, God forbyd; but I knewe not what synne meante but by the law, for I had not knowen that luste had meant, excepte the lawe had sayd, thou shalt not luste.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Forsake I wol at home mine heritage, Chaucer. Legend. Of Ariadne. I nam but a leude compilatour of the labour of old Astrologiers, and haue it translated in mine English only for thy doctrine and with this swerd shal I slene enuy. Id. Of the Astrolabie. Ther was also a nonne, a prioresse Id. The Prologue, v. 120. This golden cart with firy beames bright Id. The Testament of Creseide. Id. Ib. Gower. Con. A. b. iii. But meat or drinke she dressed her to lie Id. Ib. A thousand men, butan wifum and cildum, besides ledge of all thinges, and artes of greatest importance. and children;" (Matt. xiv. 21,) i. e. women and children being excepted, left out, or not inda-1 in the numeration," (Jamieson in v. Bot.) of the A. S. Beon-utan, to be out. The meaning! But, says Mr. Tooke, is the imperative Be-utan | Id. Ib. b. ii. Tulley before hym affyrined, that a man may not be an oratour, heaped with praise, but if he haue gotten the knowSir T. Elyot. The Governour, b. i. c. 14. Hail holy light, ofspring of heav'n first-born, Or of th' eternal coeternal beam May I express thee unblam'd? since God is light, And never but in unapproached light, Dwelt from eternity. Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iii. | BUT, (boot,) is the imperative bot, of the A. S. Botan, to boot, i. e. to superadd, to supply, to substitute, to atone for, to compensate with, to remedy with, to make amends with, to add something more in order to make up a deficiency in something else. (See Tooke, vol. i.) Dr. Jamieson denies that there is any such word as Bot-an. But Boetan, or The verb, he says, is Bet-an. Botan exists with the usual prefix ge, (sc.) ge-boe(See to Booт.) In Luke viii. 9 and 14, In the Wiclif uses but, the Modern Version and. Version of the Psalms in the Book of Common Prayer, (Ps. cxv. 5, 6, 7,) and is the conjunction used; in the Bible Version but. But and And are here equivalent, and but denotesAdd, superadd, subjoin: put, place, give, instead of, in lieu of. tan. Bote to segge ssortlyche, ther nas ver ne ner, So that king Philip was annyd thor alle thing Id. p. 36. Bot the most partie algate was slayn, That with life fled I trowe thie were fulle fayn. R. Brunne, p. 31. An abbot of Glasteberi, Edward his name is said, He did make a toumbe, Edgar in to lay, Bot it was ouer litelle, in all maner way. Bot the fals Edrick hid his quaintise, That Edmond with Knoute mette in non wyse.-Id. p. 47. Bot of that wikkednes, that men suld haf wroken, Was noither more nor lesse of ther penance spoken. Id. p. 77. The londes wild he nouht geld, that he of Roberd wan, Bot haf tham he wilde, & holde for any man.-Id. p. 99. Bot thei be of thi faith, els do thei wrong, Thei stand alle to gode graith, whan thou ert tham among. Id. p. 193. But hise disciplis axiden him what this parable was. Wiclif. Luk, c. 8. And his disciples asked him, saying, what might this parable be.-Bible. Mod. Vers. Ib. But that, that fel among thornes ben these that herden, and of bisynessis and richessis & lustis of lyf thei gon forth and ben strangled: & bryngen forth no fruit. I woll not tellen eke how they all gon Id. The Knightes Tale, 1. 267, That I am dronke, I know it by my soun: Id. The Miller's Prologue, 1. 3139. That what I thought to speke or do Til whan I wolde, and might nought, I not what thyng was in my thought: Or it was drede, or it was shame, But euer in ernest or in game, Whiche I vnto my lady haue.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv. And now hee feasts them whom he formerly threatened, and turnes their fear into wonder; all unequall love is not partiall; all the bretheren are entertained bountifully, but Benjamin hath a five fold portion.-Bp.Hall. Cont. Joseph. And yet there were in his time most famous and worthie painters whom he had advaunced, whose works when he beheld, he would praise them all, howbeit, not without a but, for his ordinarie phrase was this; here is an excellent picture but that it wanteth one thing. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxv. c. 10. If they [a man's vertues] be like a clear light, eminent, they will stab him with a but of detraction. Feltham, pt. i. Res. 50. |