2 Phy. Be of good comfort, souldier, The prince hath sent us to you. Lieu. Do you think I may live? 2 Phy. He alters hourly, strangely. 1 Phy. Yes, you may live: butLeo. Finely butted, doctor. Beaum. & Fletch. Humorous Lieutenant, Act i. sc. 5. As for oure God, he is in heauen, he doeth whatsoeuer it pleaseth hym. Theyr images are but syluer and golde, euen the worcke of mens handes. They haue mouthes, and speak not: eyes haue they, but they se not. They have eares, & heare not: noses have they, but they smell not. They haue handes and handle not, fete haue they, but they cannot go, neither ca they speake thorow their throte. They that made them, are lyke vnto them, and so are all suche as put theyr truste in them.-Bible, 1551. Psalm 115. -Thus with the year Seasons return, but not to me returns Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iii. To abut, (qv.) Mr. Tooke BUTTING, n. thinks is from the "A. S. Boda, the first outward extremity of any thing." The preposition, utan, out, with the prefix be, appears to lead more obviously to this "outward extremity." See BUTT, (as a ram.) To but is to be on, to touch on, the outward extremity; to be or touch upon the confines or borders; to border upon. And Antioche is a citie whiche was in olde tyme of so great fame and power that so muche parte of all the country of Syria as reacheth vnto Cicilie & butteth upō it, had the name geuen it thereof.-Udal. Luke, Pref. p. 8. The sea and land (quoth she) my sonnes you get, You find a way how you may them divide: The Pontique floud betweene you both is set, For bounds of both it buts on either side. Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 176. And Barnsdale there doth butt on Don's well-water'd ground. Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 28. Here are true riches, large possessions indeed; such as are not stinted to a little money, to a piece of ground, or to a kingdom, or territory upon earth, but extend themselves over the whole creation, without buttings or boundings on any side.-Bp. Beveridge, vol. i. Ser. 20. BUT, n. or (As a ram.) Bout, Spelman BUTT. says, is the end of a thing, and BUT, v. Abbouter is to thrust forth the end. (See ABUT and BUT, to abut.) Cotgrave, that the Fr." Bout is the end, head, point, tip, or top, the extreme or utmost part (in length) of any thing; bouter, to thrust, put, force, push forward," (sc.) the end or head. It is applied to The action of the ram in thrusting or pushing forward; of the warlike engine, so called,-to any thing hard, knobby, or obtuse, like the head of a ram; thus the but-end, a butt or block. Also to Any thing projected; brought or placed forward, (sc.) as a mark; an object to aim at. Met. a butt for wit. Butt's length, the distance or shot between the butts from the butt. Round about the charet rode ccccc. men of armes, all in blacke harness & their horses barded blacke with the but of their speres vpward.-Hall. Hen. V. an. 10. And for all his strength, [he] put hym by strong strokes from the barriers, and with the but end of the spere strake the Almaine that he staggared, but for all that the Almayne strake strōgly and hardly at the duke.-Id. Hen. VIII.an. 6. Lalus. Sweete Lirope, I have a lamb Newly weaned from the dam, Of the right kind it is notted, Naturally with purple spotted, Into laughter 'twill put you Drayton. The Muses Elysium. Nymphal. At the last, when the skirmish was very hot, and evening now come on, one exceeding strong ram among other engines was brought forward which with pushes thick and threefold butted upon that round tower, at which in the former siege, I said, the citie by a breach was layed open. Holland. Ammianus, p. 151. Like to a ram that buts with horned head, Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. vii. s. 88. They were never espied till that the foremost were within the outer court, and the whole company in the church-yard, not two pair of buts length distant from the town. Knox. History of the Reformation, p. 90. So as this regard be had of exchange, that the upper end of the bord, which grew to the head of the tree, bee fitted to the nether hinge or hooke of the dore; and contrariwise the hutt end, serve the higher.-Holland. Plinie, b. xvi. c. 11. But such as he beheld hang off from that increasing sight, It is commonly said, that trees in the forest fully growne, which have stood many a yeare, and namely such as are ready to be fallen and laid along for timber, prove harder to be hewed and sooner wax drie, if a man touch them with his hand before hee set the edge of the ax to their butt. Holland. Plinie, b. xxiv. c. 1. There are at this present time three hundred salters, and three salt springs, in the town of Wick, whereof the principal is within a butshoot of the right ripe (or banke) of the river.-Hollinshed. Desc. of England, c. 12. I mean those honest gentlemen that are always exposed to the wit and raillery of their well-wishers and companions, that are pelted by men, women, and children, friends and foes, and in a word, stand as butts.-Spectator, No. 47. He sweeps the forest oft; and sobbing sees The glades mild opening to the golden day; Where, in kind contest, with his butting friends He wont to struggle, or his loves enjoy. "Virtue and social love," he said, And honour from the land were fled, The patriots now like other folks, Were made the butt of vulgar jokes. BUTCHER, v. BUTCHER, n. BUTCHERING, n. BUTCHERLY. BUTCHERY. Thomson. Autumn. E. Moor. The Trial of Selim. Fr. Bouche, from the Lat. Bucca, whence also Boucher and Boucherie; butchers, those who prepare things which serve ad buccam alendam. Of this opinion are Caseneuve and others. See in Menage, who himself seems to prefer Buccea, a morsel; but Buccea is itself from Bucca. To butcher, as now applied, is Chaucer. Second Booke of Fame. Cupide is botiler of bothe; Gower. Con. A. b. vi. Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. vii. And euery one, so kindly come, he gaue His sweet wine cup; which none was let to haue Before this leuenth yeare, landed him from Troy; Which now the butleresse had leaue t'employ. Id. Ib. b. iii. Prizage, by charter of Edward I., was exchanged into a To slay or slaughter; to kill, to put to death, duty of 2s. for every ton imported by merchant-strangers, to murder. and called butlerage, because paid to the king's butler. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 8. To punyshen on pillories. and on pynyng stoles For thees men doth most harme, to the mene puple. Piers Plouhman, p. 42. Al thing that is seeld in the bocherie ete ghe axynge no thing for conscience.-Wiclif. 1 Corynth. c. 10. And he lyued tyll the bowcher put his hande into the bulke of his body.-Fabyan. Rich. III. an. 1486. The parson shereth, the vicare shaueth, the parish priest polleth, the frier scrapeth, and the pardoner pareth, we lacke but a butcher to pulle of the skinne. Tyndall. Workes, p. 136. He slewe with his owne handes King Henry the sixt being prisoner in the Tower, as menne constantly saye, and that without comaundement or knowledge of the Kyng, whiche would vndoubtedly yf he had entended that thinge, haue appointed that boocherly office to some other then his owne borne brother.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 37. He was firste hanged vpon a tree lyke as an oxe is häged in the bochery, and there dismebered. Fabyan. Philippi de Valoys, an. 17. A third murmur Ford. The Broken Heart, Act v. sc. 2. And therefore wonder not (I say) that now the devil rageth in his obedient servants, wily Winchester, dreaming Duresme, and bloody Bonner with the rest of their bloody butchery brood.-Knox. History of the Reformation, p. 55. The second is a butcher's daughter, and sometimes brings a quarter of mutton from the slaughter-house over night against a market day, and once buried a bit of it in the ground, as a known receipt to cure warts on her hands. Tatler, No. 21. But among all our methods of moving pity or terrour, there is none so absurd and barbarous, and what more exposes us to the contempt and ridicule of our neighbours, than that dreadfull butchering of one another, which is so very frequent upon the English stage.-Spectator, No. 44. I see ye come, and havock loose the reins, A general groan the general anguish speaks, The stately stag falls butcher'd on the plains, The dew of death hangs clammy on his cheeks. Lovibond. On Rural Sports. The butcheries of Julius Cæsar alone, are calculated by somebody else; the numbers he has been a means of destroving have been reckoned at 1,200,000. Burke. A Vindication of Natural Society. BUTT. A.S. Butte, bytte; Dut. Botte, butte; Ger. Biette; Fr. Botte; It. Botte. In Barb. Lat. and Gr. Butta and BOUTTIS, vas vinarium, (Du Cange.) Wachter derives from the Ger. Beit-en, capere, to take or hold. See BOTTLE. A vessel of large capacity; varying as to the exact number of gallons. The kyng [Edw. IV.] much greued and troubled with his brother's querimonye, and continual exclamation caused hym [Clarence] to be apprehended, and caste into the Towre, where he being taken, and adiudged for a traytor, was priuely drouned in a but of Maluesey-Hall. Edw. IV. an. 17. BUTTER, v. BUTTER, n. BUTTERY, adj. BUTTERY, n. BUTTERFLY. Fr. Beurre; It. Butirro, burro; Lat. Butyrum. Pliny (xxviii. 9) says that Butyrum took its name e bubulo; the Gr. BOUTUρov, being compounded of Bovs, bos, and Tupos, aliquid coagulatum; (sc.) A coagulated substance procured from the milk of kine. To butter is to cover, rub or spread over this substance. Butter-fly, (A. S. Butter-flege; Ger. Butterfliege; Dut. Butter-vliege,) Junius thinks is so called from its buttery softness. Buttery, Skinner thinks, may be the place where butter is kept: or generally, a repository or store room, from the Fr. Bouter, to put. It seems to have been a store-room for butter, bread, and som few other articles, and to have been distinguishe from pantry, larder, &c. Bothe bred and ale botere melke and chese. Piers Plouhman, p. 113 For when he speaketh of my lucre in good faith he maket me laugh, and so I wene he maketh many mo too, tha knowe well (God bee thanked) that I haue not so much lucre thereby that I stande in so great peryll of chokyng wit lucre, as Tyndall standeth in daunger of choking (God say the man) with the bones of buttred beere. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 42 To band the ball doth cause the coine to wast, It melts as butter doth against the sunne: Naught saue thy payne, when play doth cease, thou has To study then is best when all is donne. Turberville. To his Friend P. & And the maior of Oxford kept the buttery barre, and Thomas What was chiefe eurer for Sir Henry Wiat his father. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 25. I know what's what. I know on which side Ga. Buttered? Dutch again: Ford. The Lady's Trial, Act ii. sc. 1. It is said, that a certain dame or good wife of Lacedemon west upon a time to visit Berronice, the wife of Deiotarus, but when they approached near together, they turned away mediately one from the other: the one, as it should seem, sharing the smel of rank butter, and the other offended with the perfume of a sweet oyntment or pomander. Holland. Plutarch, p. 909. Sub. Yes, in your master's house. You, and the rats, here, keep possession. Make it not strange. I know, yo' were one, could keepe The buttry-hatch still lock'd, and save the chippings. B. Jonson. The Alchemist, Act i. sc. 1. There is little reason to doubt, but that the same soul which before acted the body of the silkworm doth afterwards act that of the buttery, upon which account it is, that this hath been made by Christian theologers an emblem of the resurrection.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 868. Being settled at Durham, he [Richard Fox] forthwith, ect of a great vast hall in the castle there, did take as much away as made a faire buttery and a pantry, even to the pulpits or galleries on each side of the hall. Wood. Athene Oxon. A hairy caterpillar is transformed into a butterfly. Observe the change. We have four beautiful wings, where there were none before: a tubular proboscis, in the place of a outh with jaws and teeth; six long legs, instead of fourteen feet. Id. Ib. c. 19. BUTTOCK. Dr. T. H. derives from Bout, (see To Bur,) and A. S. Hoh; in Eng. Hough or Hock. Skinner calls it, a remarkable projection of the muscles, subserving to an extension of the thigh. Over the buttok to the haunch bon. Chaucer. The Milleres Tale, v. 3801. Whereupon Hanon toke Dauid's seruantes & shaued the, and cut of their cootes harde by their buttockes and sent them awaye-Bible, 1551. 1 Chronicle, c. 19. They of a third kind, besides that they be otherwise illfavored ynough, carie a lothsome and odious smell with them: they are sharp rumped and pin buttockt also. Holland. Plinie, b. xxix. c. 6. The Trogelodites, a people bounding upon thiopia, who ve onely upon the venison of elephants flesh, use to clime trees that be neere their walke, and there take a stand: fam thence (letting all the heard to passe quietly under the trees, they leape downe on the buttockes of the hinmost. Id. Ib. b. viii. c. 8. His body large and deep, his buttocks broad Give indication of internal strength: BUTTON, v. BUTTON, n. to drive forth, to thrust forth, to protrude. See TO BUTT.) The noun is applied toThe bud of a plant; that which is thrust But the danger was, that if she should be admitted to her defence, yet the princess eares would be buttoned and deafe, altho she should confesse. Grenewey. Tacitus. Annales, p. 151. For so the shaft she plies That on the buttons made of gold which made his girdle fast, And where his curets double were, the fall of it she plac't. Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. iv. He wore a garland of roses and myrtles on his head, and on his shoulders a robe like an imperial, mantle, white and unspotted all over, excepting only, that where it was clasped at his breast, there were two golden turtle doves that buttoned it by their bills, which were wrought in rubies. Tatler, No. 120. At the same time we have a sett of gentlemen, who take the liberty to appear in all publick places without any buttons on their coats, which they supply with several little silver hasps; tho' our freshest advises from London make no mention of any such fashion; and we are something shy of affording matter to the bullon-makers for a second petition.-Spectator, No. 175. When I ask, I'm not to be put off, madam, no, no, I take my friend by the button.-Goldsmith. Good-natur'd Man. Men who all spirit, life and soul, Neat butchers of a button-hole, Having more skill, believe it true That they must have more courage too." Churchill. The Ghost, b. iv. BUTTRESS, v. (See To BUTT.) A butBUTTRESS, n. }tress says is nothin else than that which is erected on the outside of any thing, for the purpose of supporting it. The kernels beth of Crystendome, that kynde to save. And boteraced wit by levye. Piers Plouhman, p. 123. Our papystes take thys xxx chaptre of Numeri for a myghty staye and most stronge butrasse of vpholdynge the fantasyed vowes of theyr monkerys and massynge prest hode. Bale. Apology, p. 155. And all the butteresses of stone, that held their towres upright; They tore away, with crows of iron; and hop't to ruine all. Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. xii. Who fears, in country towns a house's fall, Or to be caught betwixt a riven wall? But we inhabit a weak city, here; Which buttresses and props but scarcely bear: And 'tis the village masons daily calling, To keep the world's metropolis from falling. Dryden. Juvenal, Sat. S. Then another question arises, whether this house stands firm upon its ancient foundations, and is not, by time and accidents, so declined from its perpendicular as to want the hand of the wise and experienced architects of the day to set it upright again, and to prop and buttress it up for duration.-Burke. Reform of Representation. After this are you surprised, that parliament is every day and every where losing (I feel it with sorrow, I utter it with reluctance) that reverential affection, which so endearing a name of authority ought ever to carry with it; that you are obeyed solely from respect to the bayonet; and that this house, the ground and pillar of freedom, is itself held up only by the treacherous underpinning and clumsy buttresses of arbitrary power.-Id. On American Taxation. BUXOM. BUXOMLY. BUXOMNESS. } (See Bosoм.) A. S. Bog-som, boc-sum, buh-sum; in old English, Bough-some, i. e. easily bended or bowed to one's will; obedient. (See the quotation from Verstegan.) And further applied To that which is easily bended or bowed, obedient, compliant, yielding;-easily moved; that which is pliant, flexible, agile, brisk, lively, jolly. For holy churche hoteth. alle manere puple Under obedience to bee. and buxum to the lawe. Piers Plouhman, p. 158. And natheles he hem en yoynede bocsomnesse do To the herchebyssop of Kanterbury.-R. Gloucester, p. 234. And natheles he bygan ys herte in bocsumnesse amende, And thogte on the vayre grace, that houre louerd hym sende. Id. p. 318. They conne with their swetenesse the cruell hart rauish farth, (sc.) from the stem or shoot; to any thing and make it meeke, buxome, and benigne, without violence placed upon something else, and projecting or protruding from it—as a coat button, a door button, by which the door or coat is fastened or closed. For in their sight, and woefull parents armes, Surrey. Virgile. Encis, b. ii. His bonet buttened with gold, His comelie cape begarded all with gay, His bumbast hose, with linings manifold. Gascoigne. Woodmanship. meuing. Chaucer. The Testament of Loue. And they with humble herte ful buxumly Him thonken all.-Id. The Cierkes Tale, v. 8062. But on the other part, if thou by vertuous liuing and buxumnes, giue him cause to loue thee, thou shalt be mistresse in a merrie house, thou shalt reioyce, thou shalt be glad, thou shalt blesse the day that thou wert maried vnto him, and all them that were helpyng thereunto. Vives. Instruction of a Christian Woman, b. ii. c. 2. For I assure you all, that beside her noble parentage of the whiche she is descended (as all you know) she is a woman of most gentlenes, of most humilitie, and buxumnes, yea and of al good qualities, appertainyng to nobilitie, she is without comparison.-Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 20. For many han unto mischiefe fall, Spenser. Shepheard's Cal. Sept. Buhsomnesse or boughsomnesse. Pliablenesse or bowsomenesse, to wit, humbly stooping or bowing doune in sign of obedience. Chaucer writes it buasomnesse. Versicgan. A Restitution of Decayed Intelligence. The first I encounter'd were a parcel of buxom bonny dames, that were laughing, singing, dancing and as merry as the day was long.-Taller, No. 273. Theirs buxom health of rosy hue; Gray. Ode on a Prospect of Eion College. Falconer. Shipwreck, c. 3. BUY. Goth. Bugyan; A. S. Bycgan, to BUYER. bigg or buy, generally used where BUYING, n. money or security for money is given in exchange for something else; and thus distinguished from bartering or exchanging goods for goods, wares for wares. It is opposed also to the verb to sell; as to procure, acquire, or obtain by payment or purchase. Wiclif uses the genuine English compounds agenbier and agenbying, for redeemer and redemption. Thise sent this men & said, that ther conseile so ches, Treuthe sent hym a lettere When euen was come, hys dyscyples came to hym saying; this is a desert place, and ye day is spente: let the people departe, y they may go into the townes, and bye them vytailes.-Bible, 1551. Ib. And thei camen to Jerusalem, and whan he was entrid into the temple he bygan to caste out sellers and biggers in the temple. Wiclif. Mark, c. 11. And they came to Jerusalem. And Jesus went into the temple, and began to caste out the sellers and byers in the temple.-Bible, 1551. Ib. This Moises whom thei denyeden seyinge, who ordeynyde thee prince and domesman on us, God sent this prince and aghenbier with the hond of the aungel that apperide to hym in the buysche.--Wiclif. Dedis, c. 7. For there is no departyng, for alle men synnyden and han nede to the glorie of God, and ben iustifyed freely bi his grace bi the aghenbiyng that is in Christ Jesu. Id. Romaynes, c. 3. But o thing or ye go, if it may be, I wolde prayen you for to lene me An hundred frankes for a weke or tweye Chaucer. The Shipmannes Tale, v. 13,202. Thus then the gouernours of the sayd citie, commaunded all the sayd ships to be sequestred into their owne hands, to the intent that they should not be sold, nor the couetous people to haue the aduauntage in the buying of them. Golden Boke, 1. c. 26. Yo kinge callyd a conuocacion of the temporalte & spiritualte at Paris, were to meynteyne his warrys, was grautyd to hym of all thynge bought & solde, except vytaile, the iiii. peny, so yt all thing that was solde by retayle, the seller shuld pay ye exaccion, & that which was solde by great, the byer shulde paye the sayde exaccion.-Fabyan, an. 1371. When any generall dearth of victuals falleth out in England by reason of the scarcitie of corne, things necessary may there [in London] be prouided and bought with less gaine vnto the sellers and with less hindrance and losse vnto the buyers, then in any other place of the realme. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 127. According to which manner and custome, all buyings and sellings at this day which passe with warrantise, are usually perfourmed by interposition of the ballance, which serveth to testifie the realitie of the contract and bargaine on both parts. Holland. Plinie, b. xxxiii. c. 3. Quoth Matthew, "I know, that, from Berwick to Dover, You've sold all your premises over and over, And now, if your buyers and sellers agree. You may throw all your acres into the South Sea." Prior. Down-Hall. A Ballad. For the law presumes that he, who buys an office, will by bribery, extortion, or other unlawful means, make his purchase good, to the manifest detriment of the public. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. ii. c. 3. Such arts awhile, th' unweary may surprise, BUZZ, v. Buzz, n. Bu'ZZER. BUZZING, n. Granger. The Sugar Cane, b. iii. Skinner thinks a sono fictum. Junius, that it is from the Ger. Biesen, busen, fremere, stridere. To make a humming confused noise; to utter a low, continued, uninterrupted noise in the same elevation of sound: a murmuring whisper. They should sit euen still sadlye, and gape by dai against ye sunne, by night against the mone, till either some blind bettle, or some holy buble bee come flye in at their mouthes, & buzze into their breastes an vnholesome hepe of fleeblowen errours and mothe eaten heresies. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 582. And though the Jewes and the heathen were so foolishe thorough their vnbelief, to bable many words, yet were they neuer so madde, as to mumble and buz out woordes that they vnderstoode not.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 221. In faith, quoth he, & some that say the make me to doubt much, whether the bees in their hyues vsed to say matyns among the. For euen such another buzzing thei make. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 208. The bee through flowry gardens goes A kiss, commended to the rose.-Sherburne. Sun Rise. In the night they [bees] rest untill the morning, by which time, one of them awaketh and raiseth all the rest with two or three bigge hums or buzzes that it giveth, to warne them as it were with sound of trumpet. Holland. Plinie, b. xi. c. 10. Her brother is in secret come from France, BY. In A. S. Be, written also Bi, big; Goth. Bi; Ger. Bei, prepositio late dominans, (says Wachter :) so much so that according to him it is equivalent to almost every preposition in the Latin language. Skinner is satisfied with prope, juxta. By (in the A. S. written Bi, be, big) is the imperative Byth, of the A. S. verb Beon, to be. And our ancestors wrote it indifferently either be or by. 'Damville be right ought to have the leading of the army; but by cause they be cousingermans to the admirall thei be mistrusted,' (1568. See Lodge's Illustrations, vol. ii. p. 9.) This preposition is frequently, but not always, used with an abbreviation of construction. Subauditur, instrument, cause, agent, &c.; whence the meaning of the omitted word has been improperly attributed to by. With (when it is the imperative of wyrthan) is used indifferently for by (when it is the imperative of beon,) and with the same subauditur and imputed meaning. As he was slain by a sword; or he was slain with a sword.' By was used (and not improperly, nor with a different meaning) where we now employ other prepositions, such as for, in, during, through." (See Tooke, i. 403.) Be-on, and by-an, differ little in their pronunciation, and as little in their usage. See By, infra. By days and by nights: i. e. being, biding, during days and nights. By his first wife, his first wife being (the bearer, the mother of her five sons.) Death was by man: man being the cause of death. To slepe by the morwe or morning: morning being, being come. We said our sentences by rowe: row being (sc.) the order of our sitting and saying. By Mary of heaven: Mary of heaven being (witness.) Then sayde we our sentences by rowe as wee sat from the lowest vnto the hyghest in good order. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1221. Sir, (quoth Sir Thomas) ye do me more honour than I ani worthy, I shall gladly obey you as it is reason, and shall aquyte me in this vyage to the best of my power: than the lorde Neuell sayd, sir, I am well comforted by that ye ar wylling to go.--Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 356. What words have past thy lips, Adam severe, Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ix. BY. The preposition, supplies a few comDo, gone by, a stander by. We have however pounds, as by-past, by-gone, by-stander; i. e. past long list of words compounded with bye, of which a different account must be given. Spelman, in his Icenia, or Topographical Description of Norfolk By aught that I can see: aught, any thing, supposes a certain district to have been colonized that I can see, being (to cause me to think other- I am well comforted by that ye are willing to Happy, O gnat, though thus made nought, Hence he by the Danes; and one reason which he assigns is, that within the small compass of it, there ar thirteen villages whose names end in by, a Danis word signifying villa, seu habitatio. In the expression, to pass by ;-by seems super-adds our leg, in A. B. Byan, to inhabit, to devel our by-law, in Dan. By-lage, from by, villa case) I am well comforted. fluous, except for the sake of emphasis. Mark vi. 48, the Common Version reads--" He would have passed by them." Wielif He wolde passe In which time the king's desire still increasing for the hem:By denotes more emphatically the espe Cartwright. The Gnat. change of his wife, it was buzz'd into his eares, that he should try the minds of all the chief persons in the nation how they stood affected to the change. Wood. Athena Oxon. Reg. Pole. Faint, underneath, the household fowls convene; Cynthia, farewell-the pensive muse, Thomson. Summer. And mixes with the buzz of day.-Lloyd. To the Moon. Thus perish the miserable inventions of the wretched runners of a wretched cause, which they have fly blown into every weak and rotten part of the country, in vain hopes that when their maggots had taken wing, their importunate buzzing might sound something like the publick voice. BUZZARD, n. BUZZARD, adj. Burke. On American Taxation. Lye thinks it is from the verb to buzz; from the buzzing noise it utters. The name ofA common species of hawk. Yea, and suche blynde bussardes and beastes as wyll be able to abyde no truthe.-Bale. Votaries, pt. il. These beastly buszardes are not ashamed both to say & write, yt in their miters they beare the figure of both Testaments, whose veritie they impugne we tooth & nayle. Id. Image, pt. ii. cial persons being, or who were, passed. heye men of tho lond schulle come bi the And alle tho gonge men of the lond lete before hym brynge. The strengeste me schal bi choys and bi lot also R. Gloucester, p. 111: Ther pauillons had thi sette beside the water of Done, R. Brunne, p. 16. Thou shalt fynde fortune. faile at thy most neede. Id. p. 193. For deeth was bi a man, and bi a man is aghenrisyng fro deeth.-Wiclif. 1 Corynth. c. 15. Awake thou coke, quod he, God yeve thee sorwe, Chaucer. The Manciples Prologue, v. 16,965. But by my mother sainte Venus A bye-law then is the law which each bye or villa may have establil regulation, independent on its established for itself,-for its own pecu general laws of the state or whole community And thus by has become applied To any thing peculiar and especial; to an thing adapted or intended for private and partia ends or purposes; to any thing within our especia accessary or collateral, not in the direct and mai way. See By the BYE. O thinke what you haue done, Shakespeare. Winter's Tale, Act il. sc. Id. A Lover's Complain A man gives me a blow, and instantly I feel resentmen but a bystander informs me that the man is afflicted wi the epilepsy, which deprives him of the power of managi his limbs.-Beattie. On Truth, pt. ii. c. 2, 3. BY. In composition, denoting peculiar, pr And she must recapitulate my shame, And give a thousand by-words to my name. Drayton. Elenor to Duke Humphrey. Himselfe lay in a by-rooms farre above Ha bed made by his barren wife, his love. Chapman. Homer. Odyssey b. iii. He would force the company to arise and depart with his measureable prating of the battle of Leuctres, and the currents that ensued thereupon insomuch as he got himbaby-name and every man called him Epaminondas. Holland. Plutarch, p. 170. Because he would have it knowne that the sight was upon the said river, he devised another by-worke to expresse the same, which all the art of painting otherwise could not perfare: for he painted an asse upon the banke, drinking at the river, and a crocodile lying in wait to catch him; whereby y man might soone know it was the river Nilus, and no other water-Holland. Plinie, b. xxxv. c. 11. And by a by-glancing at Claudius raigne, [he] cast vpon his mother all the lewd actions of his gouernment, affirming that she was dead for the common good of the estate. Grenewey. Tacitus. Annales, p. 203. Thinking that the revenge and exemplary punishment of him was but accessary and by-matter. Holland. Plutarch, p. 412. What others now count qualities and parts Thus much we thought good to speak of him in by-talk, Camden. Remains. On Apparell. -These? And your three motiues to the battaille? with Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act v. sc. 5. You owe money here besides Sir John, for your diet, and by-drinkings, and money lent you, foure and twentie pounds. Id. 1 Part Hen. IV. Act iii. sc. 3. There was likewise a law to restraine the by-lawes, or or dances of corporations, which many times were against the prerogatiue of the King, the common-law of the realme And the libertie of the subject, beeing fraternities in euil. Bacon. Hen. VII. p. 215. The archbishops and bishops, next under the king, have the government of the church and ecclesiastical affairs: be not you the mean to prefer any to those places for any bytheir lives and doctrine ought to be exemplary. their tire but only for their learning, gravity and worth: Id. Advice to Sir George Villiers. The Aga speedily sent for [his disgrac'd slave] to him, and present Padre Ottomano.—Evelyn. Hist. of Padre Ottomano. present par to court, together with her pretty by-blow, the Our plays, besides the main design, have underplots or which are carried on with the motion of the main plot. conceraments of less considerable persons and intrigues, Dryden. On Dramatic Poesy. Neglected heaps we in by-corners lay Cestom likewise has obtained, that we must form an ader plot of second persons, which must be depending on thest and their by-walks must be like those in a labyth, which all of them lead into the great parterre, or like to any several lodging chambers which have their outlets at the same gallery.Id. Preface to dipus. Which expressions import a most constant and carefull tendance upon this duty; that we do not make it rapeрyov, business in our life (a matter of small consideration or herence, of curiosity, of chance,) to be transacted drow faintly, with a desultorious and slight endeavour, by it as the humour taketh us.-Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 6. p. 72. I afterwards entered a by-coffee house that stood at the upper end of a narrow lane, where I met with a nonjuror, engaged very warmly with a laceman, who was the great support of a neighbouring conventicle.-Spectator, No. 403. The other day I took a walk a mile or two out of town, For thus out of hope, by the light of understood Scriptures, Let us rather mention with honour the names of as many At the same time we were crumbled into various factions, and parties; all aiming at by-interests without any sincere regard for the public good.-Id. vol. ii. Ser. 4. p. 130. It is by no means an argument of the obscurity of the Scripture expression, unless we would know certainly, that these men were honest and upright in their searches, acted with no by-designs, had no vain end, which they proposed to themselves, of heading a party, or baffling received opinions. Id. vol. iii. Ser. 10. p. 250. I agree with him fully in the last; and if I were forced to BY AND BY. No attempt has yet been made In the first example, from R. Brunne,-" The By and by, then may be, by one and by one; In the quotation from Stow, we approach to Id. p. 219. Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1016. His doughter had a bed all by hireselve, Id. The Reves Tale, v. 4441. Now wool I shortly here reherce In wordes fewe compendiously.-Chaucer. Rom. of the R. Sir, we are all like to be vtterly undone and destroyed for your sake, our houses shall by and by be thrown downe vpon our heads, to the vtter spoyl of this borough with the shot of the tower all ready bent and charged towards us. Stow. Queen Mary, an. 1554. First we learn to bear it, then we come to like it, by and by we contract a friendship with it, then we dote upon it, at last we come enslaved to it in a bondage, which we shall hardly be able or willing to shake off. Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 16. p. 187. BY THE BYE. In this expression the latter bye seems to be the same bye as in by-law, &c. and of course to admit a similar explanation. In Lord Bacon; "there is upon the by to be noted," i. e. upon the way, in passing, indirectly, this being a collateral and not the direct or main object of pursuit. In B. Jonson; "those who have saluted poetry on the by;" on their way, in passing; poetry being the collateral and not the direct or main object of their pursuit. By the bye then is by the way, in passing, such being a collateral and not main object. In this instance, there is (upon the by) to be noted, the percolation, or suing of the verjuyce through the wood. Bacon. Natural History, § 77. Come, do you think, I'ld walk in any plot, B. Jonson. Catiline, Act iii. sc. 2. Poetry in this latter age, hath prov'd but a meane mistresse, to such as have wholly addicted themselves to her; or given their names up to her family. They who have but saluted her on the by, and now and then tendred their visits, she hath done much for.-Id. Discoveries. Mark the manner of it: Cobham had told this at least two months before to his Brother Brook, "You are fools, you are on the bye, Raleigh and I are on the main; we mean to take away the king and his cubs." State Trials. James I. 1603. Sir W. Raleigh. Of my deserving praises, blush when you talk on't. The Pervigilium Veneris (which by the bye, does not be long to Catullus) is very well versified, and in general all Parnell's translations are excellent. Goldsmith. Life of Dr. Parnell. BYE. See ABIE. To buy or pay for, (sc.) dearly, cruelly, sorely. BYSS. Sackville. Ferrex & Porrex. Gr. Βυσσος ; Lat. Byssus; of BY'SSINE.eastern origin. See Vossius, and the quotation from Pliny. Bisse, fine white, whether it be silk or lynen. Tyndall. Table for expounding Wordes in Genesis. And it is ghouun to hir that sche keuere hir with whyt bissyn schynynge, for whi [q. whyt] bissen is iustifyngis of seyntis.-Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 19. The line called byssus [is] the fine lawne or tiffanie whereof our wiues and dames at home set so much store by for to trim and decke themselves. Holland. Plinie, b. xix. c. 1 VOL L. CABA'L, n. CABA'L, V. CA'BALA, n. CA/BALISM. CA'BALIST. CABALISTICAL. CABALI'STICK. From the Hebrew. It. Cabala; Sp. Cabala; Fr. Cabale. A hidden science of divine mysteries," says Cotgrave, "which the Rabbies affirm was revealed, and delivered together with CABALISTICALLY. the law unto Moses, and CABA'LLER. from him derived, by successive relation, unto posterity: (yet is it, in truth, no better than a vain rabble of their own traditions,) or, a crew of rogues." To a crew of rogues, it appears to be applied, because they are united or associated for dark and mysterious purposes; with secret and concealed designs: persons, plotters, complotters. Vigorous impressions of spirit, extasies, &c. cabbalisms. I am no cabalist to iudge by number, Sir J. Harington. Epigram. A Salisbury Tale. Rabbi Elias, from the first chapter of Genesis, where the letter aleph is six times found, cabalistically concludes that the world shall endure just six thousand years: aleph in computation standing for a thousand. Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 123. I know no reason but that all well-willers to truth and godlinesse should heartily thank me for my present cabbalistical enterprize, I having so plainly therein vindicated the holy mystery of the Trinity from being (as a very bold sect would have it,) a mere pagan invention. H.More. Conjectura Cabbalistica, Ep. Ded. Base rivals, who true wit and merit hate, Dryden. Art of Poetry, c. 4. Lord Clifford was made lord treasurer; Lord Arlington and Lord Lauderdale had both of them the garter: and, as Arlington was made an earl, Lauderdale was made a duke: and this junta, together with the Duke of Buckingham, being called the cabal, it was observed, that cabal proved a technical word, every letter in it being the first letter of those five, Clifford, Ashby, Buckingham, Arlington, and Lauderdale.-Burnet. Own Time, an. 1672. CABBAGE, n. "Dut. Kabuys koole; brasCABBAGE, v. sica capitata; Ger. Kabis kraut; Gal. Chous cabus; It. Cabuzzo," (Kilian.) Junius suggests the Gr. Koλov, cibus; Skinner and Lye, the Lat. Caput; and Tooke the Gr. Kaßn, food. Skinner and Lye appear to be right. The name was probably given to particular kinds of cole, to distinguish them from others that do not cabbage or head. Fr. Caboche, the head, is also cabbage. It. Capuccio. Cato highly commendeth the garden coules or cabbages, whereby we may know, that in his daies gardens were in some respect.-Holland. Plinie, b. xix. c. 4. He has receiv'd weekly intelligence, B. Jonson. The Fox, Act ii. sc. 1. 'Tis scarce an hundred years since we first had cabbages out of Holland, Sir Anth. Ashley, of Wiburg St. Giles, in Dorsetshire, being (as I am told) the first who planted them in England.-Evelyn. Acetaria, § 11. The learned Bartholinus, in the treatise we have often had occasion to take notice of, says, That the water, wherein cabbage had been decocted, will, when frozen, represent a cabbage; the vegetable spirits being, as he supposes, concentrated by the cold.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 651. Altho' I before have advised the planting out of your cabbages for good in October, yet of cabbage the sugar loaf kind may be planted out in February, and will succeed as well as if planted earlier, with this difference only, that they will be later before they cabbage.-Miller. Gardener's Dictionary. CABIN, n. Fr. Cabane; Sp. Cabanna; CA'BIN, v. It. Capanna; Dut. Kaban; CA'BINED, adj. All, says Skinner, from the Lat. Cavanna, cavea, a Mid. Lat. Capanna, tugurium. Salmasius and Menage contend for the Gr. Kanavn, a stable, præsepe; in the same application, Junius observes, as in Horace, (Ep. xv. l. i. v. 28.) hole or cavern. Scurra vagus, nec qui certum præsepe teneret. But præsepe here seems applied to the manger; merely (i. e.) to be used satyrice pro mensa. Add hereunto, that our Saviour spake this to the Jews; and that therefore the parable must be expounded agreeably to the ancient cabala or tradition received among them concerning the state of separate souls.-Bp. Bull, vol. i. Ser. 3. A wonder less to be admired, than the power expressed by God in so immense a work, [sc. the world] which neverthelesse some modern philosophers (whose opinions I finding, as a cot or tent. some cabalists to countenance) suppose to be not the only production of God's omnipotence. Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 20. And it is plain to him that hath carefully read St. Paul's Epistles, and is acquainted also with the writings of Philo, that the holy apostle well understood that cabalistical theology of the Jews, and retained so much of it, as by the direction of the divine spirit in him, he found to be sound, good, and genuine.-Bp. Bull, vol. i. Ser. 10. Then Drances took the word, who grudg'd long since, A close caballer, and tongue-valiant lord. Dryden. Virgil. Eneis, b. ix. At his request I sought for ancient city, A cabin is any small chamber or apartment, on shipboard or elsewhere; any small place of dwell This yonge ladie wepte and cride, Where she laie in a cabin close.-Gower. Con. A. b. viii. This Gabriel declared vnto me, that they had saued both the ankers and our hauser, and after we had thus communed, I caused 4 or 5 of them to goe into my cabbin, where I gaue them figs, and made them such cheere as I could. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 277. I'le make you feed on berries, and on rootes, [He] observed divers of them [divers for pearls] at the return to the boats, to be ready to shake with cold, a hasten to the fires that were kept ready for them in lit cabbins upon the shore.-Boyle. Works, vol. iii. p. 346. The plodding hind, That homeward hies, kens not the chearing site Mason. The English Garden, b. CABINET, n. Fr. Cabinet: It. Cabinetto, CA'BINET, V. S Cabinet is the diminutive cabin, and is applied to A casket, for depositing jewels, coins, &c. well as to a small cabin, closet, cot, room apartment. The persons who meet in a cabinet or cham for council, are called The Cabinet. When his friends about him, shewed him many t whereof the said coffer or cabinet might bee put into, co dering that Alexander himself could not away with th delicate perfumes, being a warriour, and slurried with b ing armes, and following warfare: when, I say, his galla about him could not resolve well what service to put it himselfe made no more adoe, but said thus, I will have serve for a case of Homer's bookes. Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. And hear it breathe a sigh or two.-Cowley. My Pict This is the frame of most men's spirits in the world adore the casket, and contemn the jewell that is cabine in it.-Hewyt. Sermons, p. 87. And if all that will not serve our turn, but we must p into his cabinet-secrets, invade the book of life, and over and divulge to all men abscondita Domini Dei nostri, are God's mercies unworthily repaid by us, and those in gences which were to bestow civility upon the world, only taught us to be more rude. Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. If we were admitted to search the cabinet of the beat Narcissa, among heaps of epistles from admirers, whic there preserved with equal care, how few should we but would make any one sick in the reading, except her is flattered by them ?-Spectator, No. 525. You will then see, that the same extensive cap which could guide all the tumultuous scenes of the knew how to direct, with equal skill, the calmer but perplexing operations of the cabinet. Mallet. To the Duke of Marlbor The cabinet council, as it is called, consists of those r ters of state, who are more immediately honoured wit majesty's confidence, and who are summoned to co upon the important and arduous discharge of the exc authority.-Blackstone. Com. b. i. c. 5. Note by Edito V CABLE, n. Fr. Cable; Dut. Cabel; CABLED, adj. (Καμηλος or Καμίλος. observes that if Kaunλos, a camel, is used pr dente, for a cable, it is either because a cable r to mind (referat) that huge and distorted an or because cables were formerly wrought of c hair; but there is nothing satisfactory to be upon the etymology of this word. The large rope, to which the ship's anch Shakespeare. Titus Andronicus, Act iv. sc. 2. affixed, is called the cable. Good night, good rest, Ah! neither be my share; Id. The Passionate Pilgrim, st. xii. For first though thei beginne low (What men leste wene) is ouercast.-Gower. Con. |