For upon this condition queen Elizabeth had promised to declare her by act of parliament her adoptive daughter or sister as soon as she was married.-Camden. Elizabeth, b. i.

As the unkindness of parents was made a sufficient excuse for children to deny them relief in their old age, so the disobedience or extravagance of children, whether natural or adopted, frequently deprived them of the care and estate of their parents.-Potter. Grecian Antiquities, b. iv. c. 15.

It appears sufficiently, from what has been said, that this adoption, is not a particular or singular grace, a particular gracious act of God, as has sometimes been discoursed in a manner hardly intelligible; but it signifies plainly the very same thing in general, as being children of God or born of him.-Clarke. Works, vol. ii. Ser. 153.

I have adopted the Roman sentiment, that it is more honourable to save a citizen, than to kill an enemy, and have been more careful to protect than to attack. Johnson. Preface to Shakespeare.

The good old man with suppliant hands implor'd
The gods' protection, and their star adored:
Now, now, said he, my son, no more delay,
I yield, I follow where heav'n shews the way.

Dryden. Ib. And miche more excecrable is it to serue or worship the [images] with any reuerent behauiour ether by adoracion prostracion knelyng or kissing.

Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 3.

Votum in ye scriptures hath not one only sygnyfycacyon, but many. Some where it is a knowledgyng of gods benefyghtes, some where a faythe in hys promyses, some wher an adoracyon, a worshypp.-Bale. Apology, p. 52.

Dye rather, die, and dying doe her serue,
Dying her serue, and liuing her adore;

Thy life shee gave, thy life she doth deserue:
Dye rather, dye, than euer from her seruice swerue.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 5

Rejoicing, but with awe,

In adoration at his feet I fell
Submiss.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. viii.

The priests of elder times not only deluded their apprehensions with ariolations, soothsaying, and such oblique idolatries, but won their credulities unto the literal and downright adorement of cats, &c.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. i. c. 3.

Posthumus. Being so farre prouok'd as I was in France I would abate thee nothing, though I professe my selfe her adorer not her friend.-Shakespeare. Cymbeline, Act i. sc. 5.

I in one night freed

From servitude inglorious welnigh half Th' angelic name, and thinner left the throng Of his adorers.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ix. They [Salmasius and Scaliger] were vilified therefore, and traduced by those who, if they had been of their own communion, would have almost adored them.

Bentley. On the Epistles of Phalaris, Pref.
Had some fierce tyrant in her stead been found,
The poor adorer sure had hang'd or drown'd:
But she, your sex's mirrour, free from pride,
Was much too meek to prove a homicide.

Pope. January and May.

time, of youth, of maturity, of beauty; and, consequently, that which beautifies. Wielif uses the simple word Ourn. See ORNAMENT.

To deck, dress, apparel, gaily, handsomely; so as to display to the best advantage:-to decorate, to embellish.

At his firste settyng foote on land, the garter of thorder set & made faste aboute his [Philip of Spain] legge, whiche was sent vnto hym by the quene, richly adorned with precious iewelles.-Fabian. Q. Marye, an. 1.

The holie senate was adorned with olde prudent persons: And not without teares I saie at this houre it is ful of iäglers & liers.-The Golden Boke, c. 7.

By the most wise and unchanged order, which God observed in the works of the world, I gather, that the light, in the first day created, was the substance of the Sun: for Moses repeateth twice the main parts of the universal: first, as they were created in matter; 2dly, as they were adorned with form.-Ralegh. History of the World, b. i. c. 1. § 7. Her breast all naked, as net iuory, Without adorne of gold or silver bright, Wherewith the craftes-man wonts it beautifie, Of her dew honour was despoyled quight.

sore.

The kyng askede, wad heo were? Thei were a drad ful
The maister fel a doun on kne, and criede mercy & ore.
R. Gloucester, p. 39.

Ther n'as baillif, ne herde, ne other hine,
That he ne knew his sleight and his covine:
They were adradde of him, as of the deth.

Chaucer. The Prologue. The Reve.

This sely carpenter hath gret mervaile
Of Nicholas, or what thing might him aile,
And said; I am adrad by Seint Thomas,
It standeth not aright with Nicholas.

Id. The Milleres Tale, v. 3425.

And on that o side of the towne
The kynge let make Ilion,
That high toure, that stronge place,
Whiche was adrad of no manace,

Of that skill the more thou know'st, The more she will acknowledge thee her head, And to realities yield all her shows: Made so adorn, for thy delight the more, So aweful, that with honour thou may'st love Thy mate.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. viii. Th' adorning thee with so much art Is but a barbarous skill;

"Tis like the poisoning of a dart,

Too apt before to kill.-Cowley. Mistress.
Troy.

Castamela,

Thy beauteous sister, like a precious tissue,
Not shaped into a garment fit for wearing;
Wants the adornments of the workman's cunning
To set the richness of the piece at view.

Ford. Fancies. Chaste and Noble, Act i. sc. 1. The whole end of internal religion can be served by giving to places of religion that adornment which may make the ministeries decent and fitted, and of advantage.

Bp. Taylor. Rule of Conscience, b. iii. c. 2.

How negligently graceful he [Montague] unreins
His verse, and writes in loose familiar strains;
How Nassau's god-like acts adorn his lines,
And all the hero in full glory shines!

Addison. English Poets. What they can spare, besides the necessary expence of their domestique, the public payments, and the common course of stile increasing their stock, is laid out in the fabric, adornment, or furniture of their houses.

Sir Wm. Temple. On the United Provinces, c. 4.

At church, with meek and unaffected grace,
His looks adorn'd the venerable place;
Truth from his lips prevail'd with double sway,
And fools, who came to scoff, remain'd to pray.
Goldsmith. Deserted Village.

ADO'TED.

See DOTE. Fooled, or befooled.

It falleth that the most wise
Ben other while of loue adoted.-Gower. Con. A. b. vi.
ADO/WN, See DOWN.
ADO'WNWARD.

See DRIFT.

Adrigh, in Gower, is considered by Skinner to have originated in the same A. S. verb.

The Kynges doughter, whiche this sigh,

For pure abashe drewe hir adrigh.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.
Then shall this mount

Of Paradise by might of waves be mov'd
Out of his place, push'd by the horned flood,
With all his verdure spoil'd, and trees adrift,
Down the great river, to the opening gulf.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xii.

[She shall] be put alone into a boat,
With bread and water only for three days;
So on the sea she shall be set adrift,
And who relieves her, dies.

Dryden. Marriage à la Mode, Act iii. Having fallen in with a reef of rocks in their return to the ship, they had been obliged to cut Mr. Banks's little boat adrift.-Cook. Voyages, b. i. c. 1.

ADROIT, adj.

ADRO/ITLY.

ADROITNESS.

Fr. Droit; It. Dritto; Lat. -Directus, from Dirigere, to direct, (qv.)

An adroit man aims direct at his mark, hits it attains his purpose with ease, skill, address, dex terity:-and hence Adroit, is—

Dexterous, prompt to see and seize advantages expert, ready.

To this heroique life of the field they [the French noble are generally addicted, as being thereto excellently dise plined from their very cradles; by which means, certain they become the best esteemed, and most adroit cavalry Europe.-Evelyn. The State of France.

Or, wanting these, from Charlotte Hayes we bring,
Damsels alike adroit, to sport and sting.
Mason. Heroic Epist

The kyng the while London by segede faste,
And destryede the erle's lond, & ys contreis a doun caste.
R. Gloucester, p. 55.
And stones adonward slonge vp hem y nowe.-Id. p.362.
My berd, my here that hangeth long adoun,
That never felt non offension

Of rasour ne of shere, I wol thee yeve,
And ben thy trewe servant while I live.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2417. Unto Marie from aboue

Of that he knewe hir humble entent,
His owne sonne adoune he sent
Aboue all other, and hir he chese,
For that vertu, whiche that bodeth pes.

Gower. Con. A. b. i.
His dreadful hideous hed
Close couched on the beuer, seem'd to throwe
From flaming mouth bright sparkles ficrie red,
That suddaine horror to faint harts did showe:
And scaly taile was stretcht adowne his back full lowe.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 8.
Her hair

Unty'd, and ignorant of artful aid,
Adown her shoulders loosely lay display'd,
And in the jetty curls ten thousand Cupids play'd.
Prior. Solomon, b. ii.
ADRE AD. A. S. A-dread-an. See DREAD.
To fear, to be afraid, or affrighted.

He [Hobbes] would that he did not care to give, neith was he adroit at, a present answer to a serious quære. Aubrey. Life of Hobbes, vol. ii. p. 6 May there not be a great deal in the "ingenium versati in the skill and adroitness of the artist, acquired as yours been, by repeated acts and continual practice. Bp. Horne. To Priestley, P

ADSCITITIOUS.

ADRY'. See DRY. Doth a man, that is adry, desire to drink in gold? Burton. Anat. of Melancholy, p. Ad - sciscere, scitus, scek or inquire after, adjungere, assumere, exponit Festus.) To adjoin, to assume. And word (when used) is applied to that which is junct, or assumed.

All which are additional labour, and take up much r in discourses and books, and are performed by diffe authors, upon different subjects, and in different kin writing, with an infinite variety of methods and forms cording to men's different views and capacities; and n times not without a necessity of some condescensions scititious advantages, and even applications to the pass Wollaston. Religion of Nature

You apply to your hypothesis of an adscititious spirit he [Philo] says concerning this vevua decor, divine or soul, infused into man by God's breathing. Clarke. Letter to Dod

ADVANCE, . ADVANCE, n.

ADVANCEMENT.

ADVANCEE. AVANCE.

AVAL'NCEMENT. AVAUNT, E. AVAUNT, 2. AVAUNT, dr. AVALINTANCE. AVAINTOUR.

Anciently written avance : in French avancer, avance. To bring into the van (qv.)

In Robert of Gloucester, the van guard is called the raunt wardes, and in more modern authors, the vaunt gard.

To forward, or bring, to put forward, into the front or fore-ground, the van or AVAUNTRY. vantage ground. To propose, or offer to notice or attention; to promote, to prefer, to profit.

Chancer uses the adverb avaunt, forward; and also the noun arant, and the verb avante, which, Mr. Tyrwhitt says, are French, and mean boast, to boast. But this is a consequential application. An arakster or advaunter, or, he who avaunteth, noweth, cometh avaunt, puts himself or his deeds forward, obtrudes them, is a boaster. And this application is common in the elder writers. See VAUNT.

Another application of avaunt is, to go forward, to pass on, to go on, to begone.

The luther traytor hys sone auanced was gut [yet] bet, He gef bym sich auancement, as he wolde.

R. Gloucester, p. 312. He felt him berry & ferly seke, his body wex alle seere, His childre he wild auance, tille he o lyue were. R. Brunne, p. 18. Thegh conseile of som of hise, refused he that present, Thei said, on other wise he salle hal auancement.

Id. p. 103.

Shal no lewednesse lette. the clerk that ich lovye
That he be worth ferst avanced.-Piers Plouhman, p. 39.
Berage and braggynge. wyt meny bolde othes
Aruatyag up on my veine glorie.-R. Gloucester, p. 88.

14 best, it may not avance,
As for to delen with no swiche pouraille,
But all with riche and sellers of vitaille.

Chaucer. The Prologue. The Frere.

And thus of o thing I may araunten me,
At th' ende I had the beter in eche degree,
By sight or force, or by som maner thing.

Id. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 5985.

Fer unto a poure ordre for to give is some thit a man is wel yshrive.

he gave, he dorste make avant, he waste that a man was repentant.

Id. The Prologue. The Frere.

Alear, is he that bosteth of the harme or of the bounce that he hath don.-Id. The Persones Tale.

And with that word came Drede aucunt,
W va beshed, and in great fere,
Wan he wit Jelousie was there.-Id. Rom. of the Rose.

ducuntour and a lyer, al is one

As thus I pose a woman graunt me

Here, and sarth that other wol she none

And I am sworze to bolden it secre

And after I tel 1 two or thre

I wys I am afar at the leest

And yer eke, for I reke my beheest.-Id. Troylus, b. iii.

Ther is another yet of pride,

Wirbe teuer conde his wordes hide,

That he ne wolte hym selfe auaunt,

Then take nothinge his tonge daunt,

That be te slappeth as a belle.-Gower. Con. A. b. i.

And thus for that there is no dele,

Werdd to make mine axaunt,

It to reason accordaunt,

That I maje neuer, but I lie,

Kone make anauntric.-Id. Ib.

And of one other quantaunce:

Thanedeth me no repentaunce.-Id. Ib.

The French soldiers, which from their youth have been waised and ir.ared in feats of arms, do not crack or ad** theraselves to have very often got the upper hand and Eatery of your new made and unpractised soldiers. More. Utopia by Robinson, Introd.

In heand how highly so euer any man is aduaunced, theris none offended, but rather euerye one (so well they eche other) reioyseth and hath his part in eche others Mancement. -Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1369.

And though he adsaunted that he ware the spoyles of his , yet wyth those spoiles he put vppon him their azers and the insolency of the mynde, folowed the Tad the aparaţie. Brende. Quintius Curtius, fol. 150.

The kyng that purposed to set forwarde his iourney the nexte daye, made that night a solemne banquet: wherein (being ouer greate an aduaunter of him selfe) when he was chafed with drinking; began to set forth the actes that he hadde done, in such sort that his wordes offended ye eares of such as knew them to be true.-Id. Ib.

Wherfore Sir Edward Pownynges accordynge to his commission, entending to punishe suche as haue bene ayders and auauncers of Perkyns foolishe enterprice, with his whole army, marched forward agaynst this wilde Irishmen.-Hall. Henry VII. an. 11.

Or rather would, ô would it had so chaunc't, That you, most noble sir, had present beene, When that lewd ribauld (with vile lust advaunc't) Laid first his filthy hands on virgin cleene, To spoyle her daintie corse so faire and sheene. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 1. Those that are advanced by degrees are less envied than those that are advanced suddenly.-Bacon. Ess. On Envy.

A cherub tall;

Who forthwith from the glittering staff unfurl'd
Th' imperial ensign; which, full high adranc'd,
Shone like a meteor streaming to the wind,
With gems and golden lustre rich imblazed,
Seraphick arms and trophies.-Millon. Par. Lost. b. i.
After this process

To give her the araunt, it is a pity,
Would move a monster.

Shakespeare. Henry VIII. Act ii. sc. 3. Avaunt! begone! thou'st set me on the rack: I swear 'tis better to be much abus'd, Than but to know a little.-Id. Othello, Act iii. Our advanced beliefs are not to be built upon dictates, but having received the probable inducements of truth, we become emancipated from testimonial engagements, and are to erect upon the surer base of reason.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. i. c. 7. More advantageous had it been unto truth to have fallen into the endeavours of some co-operating advancers, that might have performed it to the life, and added authority thereto; which the privacie of our condition, and unequal abilities cannot expect.-Id. Ib. Pref.

Th' advance of kindness which I made, was feign'd,
To call back fleeting love by jealousie.

Dryden. All for Love, Act iv. Mr. Newton, in his never enough to be admired book, has demonstrated several propositions, which are so many new truths, before unknown to the world; and are farther advances in mathematical knowledge. Locke. On Hum. Underst. b. iv. c. 7.

If the perfection of a rational creature consists in acting according to reason; and if his merit rises in proportion as he advances in perfection: How can that state, which best secures him from acting irrationally, lessen or take away his merit?-Warburton. Divine Legation, b. v.

True religion is the best support of every government, which, being founded on just principles, proposes for its end the joint advancement of the virtue and the happiness of the people.-Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 10.

ADVANTAGE, v. ADVANTAGE, n.

ADVANTAGEOUS.

ADVANTAGEOUSLY.

ADVANTAGEOUSNESS.

Fr. Advantage, Avantage; It. Avvantagio. Anciently written Avantage, as in the French; and may be referred to the same origin with Avancer. Both n. and v. are applied, consequentially

ADVANTAGEAble.

To forward, to prefer, to promote the interests of; to favour, to benefit, to profit.

The auantage set so hie,
That thou may gyue with right, whan thou wille & how.
R. Brunne, p. 314.
As sooth is sayd, elde hath gret avantage,
In elde is bothe wisdom and usage:
Men may the old out-renne, but not out-rede.
Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2449.
That I haue fought with beastes at Ephesus after ye maner
of me, what auauntageth it me, yf ye deed ryse not agayne.
Bible, 1539. 1 Cor. c. 15.
For what auauntageth it a ma to wynne the whole worlde
yf he loose him selfe, or runne in domage of bymselfe?
Bible, 1551. Luke c. 9.

Therfore attemper thy courage:
Foolhast doth none auantage,
But ofte it set a man behynde
In cause of loue, and I finde

By olde ensamples, as thou shalt here
Touchend of loue in this matere.-Gower. Con. A. b. iii.
For as the darke is in thys matter all hys auauntage: euë
so is verely the light in like wise myne.
Sir T. More. Workes, p. 931.

K. John. Within this wall of flesh
There is a soul counts thee her creditor,
And with advantage means to pay thy love.

Shakespeare. K. John. Act iii. sc. 2.

K. Hen. And take with you free power to ratify,
Augment or alter, as you your wisdom best
Shall see advantageable for our dignity.

Id. Henry V. Act v. sc. 2.
Here, perhaps,

Some advantageous act may be achiev'd
By sudden onset; either with hell-fire
To waste his whole creation, or possess
All as our own; and drive as we were driven,
The puny habitants.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

Without Christ, it would be far from advantaging us toward our salvation: for alas! though we should turn never so holy, never so virtuous and reformed: what satisfaction or recompence could we make for our former sins and iniquities.-Chillingworth, Ser. 5.

Count all th' advantage prosperous vice attains,
'Tis but what virtue flies from and disdains:
And grant the bad what happiness they would,
One they must want, which is, to pass for good.

Pope. Essay on Man, Epist. 4. Whatever advantages I obtain by my own free endeavours, and right use of those faculties and powers I have, I look upon them to be as much the effects of God's providence and government, as if they were given me immediately by Him, without my acting. Wollaston. Religion of Nature, s. 5.

The last property which qualifies God for the fittest object of our love, is the advantageousness of his to us. Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 279.

Danger, then,

Urges the prince's death;*. He dies this minute, that the next may better Advantage our escapes.-Southerne. Loyal Brother, Act i. You see by this one instance, and in the course of your life you will see by a million of instances, of what use a good reputation is, and how swift and advantageous a harbinger it is, wherever one goes.--Chesterfield, Let. 172.

Some abruptly speak advantageously of themselves, without either pretence or provocation. They are impudent. Id. Let. 166.

Being thus divided from truth in themselves, they are yet farther removed by advenient deception. For true it is, they are daily mocked into error by subtler devisers, and have been expressly deluded by all professions and ages. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. i. c. 3.

To him who is consecrated in the most holy mystery of Regeneration, the perfective Unction of Chrism gives to him the advent of the Holy Spirit.

By. Taylor. Of Confirmation. If the proportion of the adventine heat be greatly predominant to the natural heat and spirits of the body, it tendeth to dissolution or notable alteration.

Bacon. Natural History, § 836.

A humour is a liquid or fluent part of the body, comprehended in it, for the preservation of it, and is either innate or borne with us, or adventitious and acquisite.

Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 14. Unto the first of these (that inquireth of the substance or nature of the soul or mind), the considerations of the original of the soul, whether it be native or adventive, and how far it is exempted from laws of matter, and of the immortality thereof, and many other points, do appertain.

Bacon. Advancement of Learning, b. ii.

The choice of place requireth that the natives be not so many, but that there may be elbow-room enough for them, and for the adventives also.-Id. Advice to Villiers.

I do also daily use one other collect; as, namely, the collects adventual, quadragesimal, paschal, or pentecostal, for their proper seasons.-Bp. Sanderson.

ADVENTUROUSLY.
ADVENTRY.

Adventure, n. means——

Fr. Adventurer, Aventurer; It. Avventurare; Sp. Aventurar; Lat. Advenire, (Ad-venire, adventus, adventurus,) to come to. See ADVENE.

Any thing, that will, that is about to, come : and now, generally, any thing coming, or that has come to pass: an accident; an enterprise.

Adventurer, He that tries, risks, hazards, braves, whatever is about to come.

It was anciently written Auntre and Aventure. Adventry is also found.

Tho he com out ward with ys folk, the emperour with stod,
And dredde of hys hardynesse, and thougte yt was not god,
To do his lyf an auntre, and ys men al so.
R. Gloucester, p. 64.
Now is he in the see with saile on mast vpsette.
Toward this lond thei drouh, to auenture his chance,
With Normandes inouh, of Flandres & of France.

And whan this jape is tald another day
I shal be halden a daffe or a cokenay:
I wol arise, and auntre it by my fay.

R. Brunne, p. 70.

Chaucer. The Reves Tale, v. 4208.

This lady there right well apaid,
Me by the hand toke, and said,
Welcome prisoner aduenturus

Right glad am I ye haue said thus,

And for ye doubt me to displease

I will assay to doe you ease.-Id. Dreamc.

And for he was a knight auntrous,

He n' olde slepen in non hous,

But liggen in his hood.-Id. The Rime of Sire Thopas. Thus can I nought my selfe counsaile, But all I sette on aunture,

And am, as who saith, out of cure.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv. Whereunto if she saide that she myghte not for feare of her husbandes losse, and her owne peryl, aduenture to kepe these bookes because of the kinges proclamacion, he would tel her and perswade her playnelye, that the bookes of the scrypture she must needes keepe spyght of all the prynces proclamacion to dye therefore.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 761.

And the Plateens and aduenturers which were wyth Demosthenes, were the furst that came to sease and possesse the poorte, and entred into it by the quartier, where as presently is sene a trophee or victorie addressed & set vp. Nicolls. Thucydides, fo. 111.

And sure this murth'red prince, though weak he was,
He was not ill; nor yet so weak, but that
He show'd much martial valour in his place,
Advent'ring oft his person for the state."

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. iii.

It is a pleasure to stand upon the shore, and to see ships
tost upon the sea: a pleasure to stand in the window of a
castle, and to see a battle, and the adventures thereof below.
Bacon. Ess. On Truth.
Then let the former age with this content her,
She brought the poets forth, but our's th' adventer.
B. Jonson. Epigr. 133.
Great club-fist [Alcides] though thy back and bones be sore
Still, with thy former labours, add one more,
Act a brave work, call it thy last adventry.
Id. Voyage itself.

So these, the late
Heaven-banished host, left desart utmost hell
Many a dark league, reduc'd in careful watch
Round their metropolis; and now expecting
Each hour their great adventurer, from the search

Of foreign worlds.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. x.

The Destiny (I mean that brave ship which he [Raleigh] built himself of that name, that carry'd him thither) is like to prove a fatal destiny to him, and to some of the rest of those gallant adventurers.-Howell, b. i. s. 1. Let. 4.

Fast by the oracle of God; I thence
Invoke thy aid to mine adventurous song,
That, with no middle flight, intends to soar
Above th' Aonian mount, while it pursues
Things unattempted yet in prose or rhine.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.

Boy. Bardolfe and Nym had tenne times more valour, ... and they are both hang'd, and so would this be, if hee durst steale any thing aduenturously.

Shakespeare. Hen. V. Act iii. Would it not raise and inflame any couragee to see his commander to adventure so boldly upon all hazards, to endure so willingly all hardships?-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 42.

O Palamon, my kinsman and my friend,
How much more happy fates thy love attend!
Thine is th' adventure; thine the victory:
Well has thy fortune turn'd the dice for thee.
Dryden. Palamon and Arcite, b. i.

Some bold adventurers disdain
The limits of their little reign,
And unknown regions dare descry.

Gray. Ode. Eton Col.

For thys woorde nouum [Mark xiv. 25] seemeth not there to be putte for an aduerbe, but is a nowne adiectiue: and thereof it signifieth some kynde of newenesse in the drincke it selfe.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1328.

But of one thynge I do not a lyttle maruele, that in my dyscrypcion of a vowe, a poore aduerbe of negació shulde so muche offende hym.-Bale. Apology, fo. 28.

An adverb is a word without number, that is joyned to another word: as

Well-learned.

Hee fighteth valiantly.

Hee disputeth very subtlely.

B. Jonson. English Grammar. Adjectives compared, when they are used adverbially, may have the article the going before.-Id. Ib.

Adverbs are commonly described to be such kind of words as are for the most part adjoyned to verbs to signifie some kind of mode or circumstance belonging either intrinsically or extrinsically.-Wilkins. Real Character, pt. iii. c. 4.

Because these particles are generally joined with the verb, in order to modify and determine the action, as, He fought valiantly; they have from thence been called Adverbs.-Port Royal General Grammar, c. 12.

He [the cunning man] gives half-looks and shrugs in his general behaviour, to give you to understand that you do not know what he means. He is also wonderfully adverbial in his expressions, and breaks off with a "perhaps" and a nod of the head upon matters of the most indifferent nature. Tatler, No. 191. Fr. Adversité; It. Avverso; Sp. Adverso; Lat. Advertere, Adversum, (Ad-vertere,) to turn to or against. The verb is obsolete. (See To ADVERT.) The adj. is applied to

ADVERSE, v. ADVERSE, adj. A'DVERSARY. ADVERSATIVE. A'DVERSELY. ADVERSENESS. ADVERSITY.

That which turns to or is turned against, with a design to oppose, resist, contend against: to that which is hostile or destructive to; which causes calamity, misfortune, distress: and hence

Opposing or opposite, resisting, contending, acting against: hostile, inimical, injurious, cala

mitous.

At Wynchestre he held his parlement ilk gere, & ther men him teld, who was his aduersere. R. Brunne, p. 82. Be ye sobre and wake ye, for your aduersarie the deuel, as a rorynge lioun, goith about sechinge whom he schal deuoure.-Wiclif. 1 Pelir, c. 5.

Be sobre and watch, for youre aduersary ye deuyll, as a roaring lyon, walketh about sekyng whom he may deuoure. Bible, 1539. Ib.

Than said he thus, fulfilde of high disdaine,
O cruel Joue, and thou fortune aduerse,
This all and some, that falsely haue ye slaine
Creseide.-Chaucer. Troilus, b. iv.

For who so maketh God his adversary,
As for to werken any thing in contrary
Of his will, certes never shal he thrive,
Though that he multiply terme of his live.

Id. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16,944.

For slain is man, right as another beest,
And dwelleth eke in prison, and arrest,
And hath siknesse, and gret adversite,
And oftentimes gilteles parde.

Id. The Knightes Tale, v 1314.

With that he pulleth vp his head,
And made right a glad visage,
And said, howe that was a presage
Touchende to that other Perse,

Of that fortune him shulde aduerse.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii

But euery ioye hym is delaied,
So that within his herte affraied
A thousande tyme with one breath,
Wepende he wissheth after death,

Whan he fortune fynt aduerse.-Id. Ib. b. iv.

Against which allegations, M. Parsons himself, a mar known unto you for his malignity and adverseness, could take no exceptions-Morton. Discharge, p. 259.

He [the Lord Jesus] signified lykewyse, that all suche a of obstinate mynde dyd persiste in wilful blyn denesse of mynde, should when tyme were, as men vnrecouerable and without hope to bee amended, bee leaft to their owne follye vnto eternall destruccion, euen when aduersaunte miserye is immynente and readie to inuade them.

Udal. John, c. 9

Whereupo to take occasion to bring thaduersatine [but] for thauctors parte, beyng such a saiyng on that syde as al christendome hath euer taught that no creature can eate the body and bloud of Christ but only man.

Gardner. Explication, fo. 24 Besides, the king's name is a tower of strength, Which they upon the adverse party want.

Shakespeare. Rich. III. Act iv. sc. 3

This losse was so great, that it is accounted the first o the three aduerse fortunes which euer happened to Cæsari: all his proceedings.-Speed. Hist. of Gr. Britain, b. vi. c. 1

And they but idly talk, upbraiding us with lies,
That Geffray Monmouth, first our Brutus did devise,
Not heard of till his time, our adversary says:
When pregnantly we prove, 'ere that historian's days,
A thousand ling ring years, our prophets clearly sung.
Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 10
Fri. I'll give thee armour to keep off that word;
Adversity's sweet milk, philosophy,

To comfort thee, though thou art banished.

Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet, Act iii. sc. 3
Prosperity is not without many feares and distastes; an
adversity is not without comforts and hopes.
Bacon, Ess. On Adversity

-But some souls we see
Grow hard, and stiffen with adversity.
Yet these, by fortunes favors are undone;
Resolv'd into a baser form they run,
And bore the wind, but cannot bear the sun.

Dryden. Hind and Panther

Let nothing adverse, nothing unforeseen,
Impede the bark that ploughs the deep serene,
Charg'd with a freight, transcending in its worth
The gems of India, nature's rarest birth,

That flies, like Gabriel, on his Lord's commands,
A herald of God's love to pagan lands.-Cowper. Charit

Truth seems to be considered by all mankind as some thing fixed, unchangeable, and eternal; it may therefore b thought, that to vindicate the permanency of truth is t dispute without an adversary. Beattie. Essay on Truth, Pt. i. c.

Of these disjunctives, some are simple, some adversativ simple, as when we say, "either it is day, or it is night adversative, when we say, "it is not day, but it is night." Harris. Hermes, b. ii. c.

He that never was acquainted with adversity, says h [Seneca] has seen the world but on one side, and is ignor of half the scenes of nature.-Rambler, No. 150.

laurs, may do in time and place, and so long as he ad

and is dispassionate, so long as his instrument is a De-Bp. Taylor. On Repentance, c. 1. s. 2.

God strictly eyes and observes every man in the world, with the very same advertence as if there were nothing else for him to observe; and certainly there cannot be imagined aster engagement to advertence, and attention, and comoderation, than this.-Hale. Cont. Of Wisdom of God.

Is he rich, prosperous, great? yet he continues safe, because he continues humble, watchful, advertent, lest he tld be deceived and transported.-Id. Ib.

It [the Gr. ranrua] is by St. Hierome used for the beginnings of sin, when a sudden thought invades us withec: cur advertency and observation, and hath not brought fth death as yet.-Bp. Taylor. On Repentance, c. 3. s. 3.

Our low world is only one of those,
Which the capacious universe compose.
New to the universal whole advert;
The earth regard, as of that whole a part.

Blackmore. Creation, b. iii.

As I cannot be conscious of what I do not perceive, so I de not perceive that, which I do not advert upon. That vich makes me feel, makes me advert. Every instance, Derefore, of consciousness and perception is attended with an act of advertence.-Wellaston. Religion of Nature, s. 2. Fr. Advertir, Advertissement. See ADVERT. To turn the mind or ADVERTISING. attention to; to call or direct the attention to; to give notice, or information, or intelligence, of; to inform, to warn.

ADVERTISE, v. ADVERTISEMENT, ADVERTISER.

And now beholde, I go vnto my people: come therfore and I will advertise the, what this people shall do to thy fake i the later dayes.—Bible, 1539. Numeri, c. 24.

When the lordes of Brytayne sawe and consyderyd the statytude of Saxons, and theyr dayly repayre into this lande, they assebled them togyder, and shewed to the kynge the canyence and leopardy that might ensue to hym and his lande, by reason of the great power of thyse Sulgers and admertysed hym in aduoydyng of gretter danger to expelle & put theym out of his realme, or the mare parte of theim-Fabyan, c. 83.

And when they heare it, [they] harken it but as they de an die tale, rather for a pastyme, or for the maner mke. then for anye substancial entent and purpose to folowe pou odmertisment, and take anye fruite thereby.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1232.

Gerd. The king is so advertized of your guilt, B. T. by no means admit you to his presence.

Lord Cromwell, Act v. sc. 5.

Duke. Your friar is now your prince: as I was then Artizing, and holy to your business,

Not changing heart with habit, I am still
Armored at your service.

Tu5.

Shakespeare. Meas. for Meas Act v. sc. 1.

Let me advertize you;
Your daughter Audrey met I on the way,
With Justice Bramble in her company;
Who means to carry her to Pancras-church.

B. Jonson. Tale of a Tub, Act iii.

Then, as a cunning prince that useth spies,
If they return no news, doth nothing know;
But if they make advertisement of lies,
The prince's counsels all awry do go.

Davies. Immortality of the Soul, s. 32.

It was not easy to persuade those who had trusted Willis ch, and who thought him faithful in all respects, to here that he could be guilty of so black a treachery: so hand's odvertisement was looked on as an artifice to rate joosy.-Burnet. Own Time, b. i.

The great skill in an advertiser is chiefly seen in the style which he makes use of. He is to mention "the universal emer general reputation," of things that were never of-Tatler, No. 224.

ADVISE, . ADVICE, R

ADSABLE.

ADVISEDLY.

Etates are landscapes, gaz'd upon a while, Than advertiz'd, and auctioneer'd away. Cowper. Task, b. iv. Fr. Adviser, Aviser; It. Avvisare; Sp. Avisar. To advise is usually derived from the Bar. Latin Advisare, (q. d.), to see to, to look to. Junius suspects (and is confirmed by Wachter) that Advisare is from the Ger. Wisen, to show, instruct, direct; and the ancient mode of writing the va, emps, confirms this etymology. It is the AS English Wis-an, wise; to wisse, to wist. Our sprication of the word is this

ADVISEDNESS. AD. FEEFCL. ALAI'SEMENT. ALTTSER. APTTING.

Of werre & of bataile he was fulle auise.

Ten schippes wer dryuen, thorgh ille auisement.

Senek among his other wordes wise
Saith, that a man ought him right wel avise,
To whom he yeveth his lond or his catel.
And sith I ought avisen me right wel,
To whom I yeve my good away fro me,
Wel more I ought avisen me, parde,
To whom I yeve my body: for alway
I warne you wel it is no childes play
To take a wif without avisement.

Id. p. 148.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9398.

And also that he be right ware,

In what maner he ledeth his chare,
That he mistake not his gate,

But vpon auisement algate

He shuld beare a siker eie.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.

The mayre than abasshed with that questyon, besoughte the kynge that he myght comōn with his bretherne the aldermen, and he shulde shewe vnto hym his and theyr oppynyons, but ye kynge sayd he wold here his aduyce without more counsayl.-Fabyan. Hen. III. an. 46.

Whan there cometh somtyme a mōstruouse best to the town, we renne, and are glad to paie some money to haue a sight thereof: but I feare, if me would loke vpo them self aduisedly; thei shoulde see a more monstrouse best nerer home.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 11.

Who so gladly halseth the golden meane,
Voide of daungers advis'dly hath his home
Not with lothsome muck, as a den uncleane,
Nor palace like, whereat disdain may glome.
Surrey. Praise of Meane Estate.

Amonge the proude there is euer stryfe, but amonge those that do all thynges with aduysement, there is wysdome. Bible, 1539. Prouerbes, c. 13.

Rigour is now gone to bed,
And Advice, with scrupulous head.
Strict Age and sour Severity,

With their grave saws in slumber lie.-Milton. Comus.
You knew he walk'd o'er perils on an edge,
More likely to fall in than to get o'er;
You were advis'd his flesh was capable

Of wounds and scars: and that his forward spirit
Would lift him where most trade of danger rang'd.
Shakespeare. 2 Part Hen. IV. Act i. sc. 1.
Ant.
I dare be bound again,
My soul upon the forfeit, that your lord
Will never more break faith advisedly.

Id. Mer. of Venice, Act v. sc. 1. Whether to confess to a priest be an adviseable discipline, and a good instance, instrument, and ministery of repentance, and may serve many good ends in the church, and to the souls of needing persons, it is no part of the question. Bp. Taylor. Dissuasive from Popery, b. i. pt. ii. s. 16. In the meane time the Britaines, that after flight had again recouered head, and in their assemblies aduisedly considered their imminent dangers, concluded their submission for the safest remedy. Speed. Hist. of Gt. Britain, b.vi. c.1.

And herewithal turning about, he wakes,
Lab'ring in spirit, troubl'd with this strange sight,
And mus'd awhile, waking advisement takes,
Of what had pass'd in sleep, in silent night.

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. i. The person who pretends to advise, does, in that particular, exercise a superiority over us, and can have no other reason for it, but that, in comparing us with himself, he thinks us defective either in our conduct or our understand

ing. For these reasons, there is nothing so difficult as the art of making advice agreeable.-Spectator, No. 512.

While things are in agitation, private men may modestly tender their thoughts to the consideration of those that are in authority; to whose care it belongeth, in prescribing concerning indifferent things, to proceed with all just advisedness.-Sanderson. Judgment in one View.

Here, free from court-compliances he [K. Charles] walks,
And with himself, his best adviser, talks;
How peaceful olive may his temples shade,
For mending laws, and for restoring trade.

Waller. St. James's Park.

The end of pleasant or unpleasant advice, is full of delight; but wherever a speaker, and a hearer of it is, there dangers abide.-Sir W. Jones. Hitópadésa.

And if thou be glad of daliaunce

Men woll deme it desolution,

And call faire speache adulacion,

Yet let hem speak, and trust right well this,

A wicked tonge wol alway deme amis.

Chaucer. A Ballad of Good Counsail. When hee came to man's estate, hee exercised feates of knightehood, hee loued discipline, and hated adulacion. Golden Booke, c. 14.

There he beheld how humbly diligent
New adulation was, to be at hand;
How ready falsehood stept; how nimbly went
Base pick-thank flattery, and prevents command.
Daniel. Civil Wars, b. ii.

Flattery corrupts both the receiver and the giver; and adulation is not of more service to the people than to kings. Burke. On the French Revolution.

Lest the foundation of the king's exclusive legal title should pass for a mere rant of adulatory freedom, the political divine proceeds dogmatically to assert, that by the principles of the revolution the people of England have acquired three fundamental rights.-Id. Ib.

A'DULT, n. ADULT, adj. A'DULTED.

}

Fr. Adulte; It. Adulto; Sp. Adulto; Lat. Adultus, past part. of Adolescere, (Ad-olescere,) grown (Voss.)

up to. Adolere proprie est crescere. One who is grown up-to manhood or maturity. Fyrst soche persons, being now adulte, that is to say passed thei childehode, as wel in maners as in yeres, if, &c. Elyot. The Governour, b. ii. c. 1.

Now that we are not only adulted, but antient Christians, I believe the most acceptable sacrifice we can send up to Heaven, is prayer and praise; and that sermons are not so essential as either of them to the true practice of devotion. Howell, b. i. s. 6. Let. $2.

The earth, by these applauded schools 'tis said,
This single crop of men and women bred:
Who, grown adult, (so chance, it seems, enjoined)
Did male and female propagate their kind.

Blackmore. Creation, b. vi.

His province should be to superintend the moral and spiritual concerns of the slaves, to take upon himself the religious instruction of the adult negroes, and to take particular care that all the negro children are taught to read. Porteus. On the Civilization of Negroe Slaves.

So language in the mouths of the aduit,
Witness its insignificant result,
Too often proves an implement of play,
A toy to sport with, and pass time away.

ADULTER, v. ADULTERATE, v. ADULTERATE, adj. ADULTERATION. ADULTERER.

ADULTERESS.

ADULTERINE.

ADULTEROUS.

ADULTEROUSLY.

ADULTERY.

Cowper. Conversation. Fr. Adultérer; It. Adulterare; Sp. Adulterar; Lat. Adulterare. Adulterer and Adulteress are so called, because the former betakes himself to another woman (ad alteram), and the latter to another man (ad alterum.) Festus.

In our elder writers, the words are written ad- or a-voutrie, -voutrer, -voutresse. The old English words are, spousebreach, spousebreaker, wedlock-breaking. The examples furnish the explanation.

Adulterate, adulteration and adulterine, are applied, consequentially, to

That which changes to another, but a worse state or condition; which destroys the integrity. which sullies the purity.

And I seye to you that every man that leveth his wyf, out teke cause of fornicacioun, makith hir to do leecherie, and he that weddith the forsaken wyf doth arowtrie.

Wiclif. Matt. c. 5.

That if ghe ben out of chastisyng, whos parteneris ben ghe alle madd, than ne ghe ben auouteris & not sones. (Lat. Nothi. Mod. Ver. Bastards.) -Wiclif. Ebrewis, c. 12.

Avoutrie, in Latine, is for to saye, approaching of another mannes bedde, thurgh whiche tho, that somtime were on fleshe, abandon hir bodies to other persons. Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

Therefore seing the punishment of aduoutry is a meate that a me can not chew, let euery man consydre by hym selfe, how lothe another man would be therof, and let him not touche another mas wyfe, so shal his also not be medled withall.-Couerdale. Christen State of Matrymonye, p. 38.

Yf a maried mã bringe a mortal accusació upō another man, for anye fylthy acte that he shuld haue comitted with his wife, and couinceth him therof, the same aduouterer shal with the swerde be punished vnto death, according to ye sentece of the lawes imperiall.-Id. Ib. p. 39.

For besydes that the aduoutresse altereth the inheritance, and with false promyses, & shamefull disceat withdraweth and stealeth it fro the right heires, she ladeth first her honest poore husbade with great shame, great trauaile, labour, sorow & paine, in that he is faine to bring vp those aduouterous children, which are not his owne.-Id. Ib. p. 42.

But if it be determined by iudgement that our mariage [Hen. VIII. and Queen Catherine,] was against Goddes law, and clerely voyde, then I shall not onely sorowe the departing from so good a lady and louyng copanion, but muche more lament and bewaile my infortunate chaunce, that I haue so long liued in adultry to Goddes great displeasure, and haue no true heyre of my body to inherite this realme. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 20.

It was in that poynt like vnto the church yt the Jewes had agaynst the coming of Christ, infected by many false folke wt false doctrin, & the scripture adulterate and viciate with false gloses and wronge exposicions. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 636.

Wherfore he wrote louyngly vnto hym, that he should vtterly leaue of any further to folowe the newe attempted enterprise aduertisyng him and protesting openly, that the vsurping and wrongfull witholding of an other mans possession, was not so vyle and slaunderous, as the defyling of a pure and cleane bed, and adulterously keping the wife of his Christian brother -Grafton. Hen. VI. an. 4.

If an alchymist should shew me brass coloured like gold, and made ponderous, and so adulterated that it would endure the touchstone for a long while, the deception is, because there is a pretence of improper accidents.

Bp. Taylor. Of the Real Presence, s. 10.

In the blossom of my youth, When my first fire knew no adult'rate incense, Nor I no way to flatter, but my fondness.

Massinger. Very Woman, Activ.

To make the compound pass for the rich metal simple, is an adulteration, or counterfeiting.

Bacon. Natural Hist. § 798. A knaue apothecary, that administers the physick, and makes the medicine, may do infinite harme, by his old obsolete doses, adulterine druggs, bad mixture, &c.

Burton. Anat. of Melancholy, p. 360.

For as adullerine metals retain the lustre and colour of gold, but not the value; so flattery, in imitation of friendship, takes the face and outside of it, the delicious part. Bp. Taylor, vol. i. Ser. 24.

The present war has so adulterated our tongue with strange words, that it would be impossible for one of our great-grandfathers to know what his posterity have been doing, were he to read their exploits in a modern newspaper. Spectator, No. 65.

Democritus and his comrade, Leucippus, need not be envied the glory of being reputed the first inventors or founders of the atomical philosophy, atheized and adulterated.

Cudworth. Intell. System, p. 17.

We have well proved, that Leucippus and Democritus were not the first inventors, but only the depravers and adulterators of the atomical philosophy.-Id. Ib.

Was I the cause of mischief, or the man
Whose lawless lust the fatal war began?
Think on whose faith the adult'rous youth rely'd;
Who promis'd, who procur'd the Spartan bride?

Alexander raisoned with him [Apelles] of lines, adumbrations, proportions, and other like thinges perteining to imagery, whiche the paynter a lytel whyles suffering, at the last said to the kynge, with countenance all smylynge, Seest thou, noble prynce, howe the boye that gryndeth my colours dothe laughe the to scorne?

Elyot. The Governorr, b. iii. c. 25. That may serve for a second proof of the proposition, that if for all, the duty of a Christian is not feasible, it must remain so for ever; an adumbration thereof you may see set down, Heb. x. comparing the 16th with the 26th verse. Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 572. Ser. 2.

We may observe in the creatures of a subordinate rank to us, how the more inferiour and ignoble bear somewhat of the image of the superiour, a kind of shadow or adumbration of those perfections that in the superiour are more perfect, not only by a gradually, but specifically differing perfection.-Hale. Origination of Mankind, p. 16.

The greatest mystery of religion is expressed by adumbration; and in the noblest parts of Jewish types, we finde the cherubims shadowing the mercy seat. Brown. Cyrus Garden, c. 4.

Heaven is designed for our reward, as well as rescue: and therefore is adumbrated by all those positive excellencies which can endear or recommend.-Decay of Piety.

By the pulpit are adumbrated the writings of our modern saints in Great Britain, as they have spiritualized and refined them, from the dross and grossness of sense and human reason.-Swift. Tale of a Tub, Introd. p. 27.

We must be cautious, that, in making the comparison, we mistake not a hideously distorted picture for a flattered likeness-a disfigured for an embellished copy: lest we be inadvertently and insensibly reconciled to the impure and blasphemous fictions of idolatry-to her obscene and savage rites, as nothing worse than elegant adumbrations of sacred truth in significant allegory.-Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 7. ADUNATION. Lat. Adunatio, (Ad-unus,

to one.)

A collecting, gathering into one. Heresie, or blasphemy, may creep in without possibility of prevention: hath no external forms to entertain the fancy of the more common spirits; nor any allurement to perswade and entice its adversaries: nor any means of adunation and uniformity amongst its confidents.

Bp. Taylor. Set Forms of Liturgie, Pref.

The conjunction of persons in spiritual bands, in the same faith, and the same hope, and the union of them in the same mystical head, is an adunation nearer to identity then those instances between parents and children, which are onely cemented by the actions of nature as it is of distinct consideration from the spirit.

Id. Great Exemplar, pt. iii. § 13. ADUNCITY.Ad-uncus, crooked, or hooked. Crookedness, bent so as to

ADU'NQUE.

hold like a hook.

Parrots have an adunque bill.-Bacon. Nat. Hist. § 238. The aduncity of the pounces and beaks of the hawks, is the cause of the great and habitual immorality of those animals.-Pope. Martinus Scrib.

A/DVOCATE, v. A'DVOCATE, n. A'DVOCACY. A'DVOCATESHIP. A'DVOCATESS. ADVOCATION.

Fr. Advocat, Avocat; It. Avvocato; Sp. Aboyar; Lat. Advocatus; past part. of Advocare, (Ad-vocare,) to call to.

An advocate is one called to give his advice, assistance, patronage; to give the aid of his talents and knowledge, particularly in pleading a cause at law.

Advocacies is applied by Chaucer to a call or summons to answer an accusation.

but if ony man synneth, we han an advocat anentis the fadir iesu crist, and he is the forgifnesse for oure synnes. Wiclif. 1 John, c. 2. And yf eny man synne we haue an aduocate wyth the father Jesus Christ the ryghteous, & he it is yt obteyneth grace for oure synnes.-Bible, 1539. Ib.

O thou that art so faire and ful of grace,
Be thou min advocat in that high place,
Ther as withouten ende is songe Osanne,
Thou Christes mother, doughter dere of Anne.

Chaucer. The Second Nonnes Tale, v. 15,536.

Be ye not ware how false Poliphete
Is now about eftsones for to plete,
And bring on you aduocacies new?

Chaucer. Troilus, b. ii. The emperour reioysed to him selfe, that Cinna had Elyot. The Governovr, b. ii. c. 7. After it had been advocated, and mov'd for by some

honourable and learned gentlemen of the house, to be call'd

a combination of libelling separatists, and the advocates thereof to be branded for incendiaries; whether this appeach

not the judgment and approbation of the parlament, I leav to equal arbiters.

Dor.

Milton. Upon the Remonstrants' Defence, &c
They have alleg'd

As much to wake your sleeping mercy, Sir,
As all the advocates of France can plead
In his defence.-Beaum. & Fletch. Lover's Progress, Act v

Christ is not [says Antonnius, arch-bishop of Florence. our advocate alone, but a judge: and since the just is scarce secure, how shall a sinner go to him, as to an advocate. Therefore God hath provided us of an advocatess, who i gentle, and sweet, in whom nothing that is sharp is to b found.-Bp. Taylor. Dissuasive from Popery, pt. i. s. 9.

Pru. Leave your advocateship, Except that we shall call you Orator Fly, And send you down to the dresser, and the dishes. B. Jonson. New Inn, Act ii

Will any man be content to be that abject from God, tha loathed, refuse, reprobated creature, such an one that all the prayers of all the saints on earth, intercessions and suffrage of martyrs and angels in heaven, yea, the very gapin wounds and vocal bloud of Christ upon the cross, I sha add, the minutely advocation and intercession of the glorified Saviour at the right hand of his father, cannot hel to any tolerable reception at God's hands?

Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 500

The mysteriousness of Christ's priesthood, the perfectio of his sacrifice, and the unity of it, Christ's advocation an intercession for us in heaven, might very well be accounte traditions, before Saint Paul's Epistle to the Hebrews wa admitted for canonical.

Bp. Taylor. Dissuasive from Popery, b. i. pt. ii. s. Our poet, something doubtful of his fate, Made choice of me to be his advocate, Relying on my knowledge in the laws; And I as boldly undertook the cause.

Dryden. Epil. to Maiden Quec Of advocates, or (as we generally call them) counsel, the are two species or degrees, barristers and sergeants. Blackstone. Com. b. iii. c.

He therefore himself sees no middle term whatsoever, a therefore prefers of what he sees the individual; this is t only thing distinct and sensible that has been advocated. Burke. Reform of Representati

ADURE. ADU'ST. ADU'STED. ADU'STION.

S

Fr. Aduste; It. Adusto; Adusto; Lat. Adurere, Adustu (Ad-urere,) to burn.

To burn up, to heat, to scor to parch, wither, or dry, to harden.

Raufe, the byshop of Chichestre than stode vp lyke a pr man, and rebuked the kynge for takynge that trybute, wh lyke an adust coneyenced hypocryte he called the fynd fornycacyon.-Bale. English Votaries, pt. ii.

And althoughe, that, to touche and se them wythoute, throughe the bodyes; they were not exceadinge hotte pale, but thair skynne was as redde colour adusted, ful a lytle thynne blaynes.-Nicoll. Thucydides, fol. 57.

A degree of heat, which doth neither melt nor sco doth mellow and not adure.-Bacon. Nat. Hist. § 319.

If natural melancholy abound in the body, which is and dry, so that it be more than the body is well able bear, it must needs be distempered and diseased: and so other [unnatural], if it be depraved, whether it arise f that other melancholy of choler adust, or from blood, duceth the like effects, and is, as Montaltus contends, come by adustion of humors, most part hot and dry. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, P

High in front advanc'd,
The brandish'd sword of God before them blaz'd,
Fierce as a comet, which with torrid heat,
And vapour, as the Libyan air adust,
Began to parch that temperate clime.

Milton. Paradise. Lost, b.
From hence we dream of wars, and warlike things,
And wasps and hornets with their double wings.
Choler adust congeals our blood with fear,
Then black bulls toss us, and black devils tear.
Dryden. Cock and

In shirt of hair, and weeds of canvass dress'd,
Girt with a bell rope that the pope has bless'd,
Adust with stripes told out for every crime,
And sore tormented, long before his time.

Cowper. T Lat. Edilis, from Edes, a build See the quotation from Holland.

Æ'DILE.

Ediles, certaine inferiour magistrates in Rome. name they tooke of the charge they had of temples, chap and oratories.-Holland. Livy. Explanation of Words. On the 20th January (A.M. 697), Clodius was @dile, without any opposition, so that Cicero began more to put himself upon his guard, from the certain e tation of a furious ædileship. Middleton. Life of Cicero, vol. i