Nay, I would not have our experimenter employ none but vegetable substances about his colorations, but sometimes make use of animal ones, and (more often) of minerals. Boyle. Works, vol. iv. p. 807. But the next time I came, though it were upon appointment, his metal proved again unserviceable, and instead of being colorless, when it was cold, looked as if it had been stained with blue and yellow, and was besides brittler than it ought to have been.-Id. Ib. vol. i. p. 389. And I thought, that, if opportunity had not been wanting, For that it containeth very much salt; as beside the effects COLUMBINE. Fr. Columbin; so called, says COLUMN, n. Fr. Colomne; It. Colonna; Sp. Columna; Lat. Columnæ, so called because they are supports (culmina) to the top or roof, (Festus.) And culmina, so called because Mason. Fresnoy's Art of Painting. the ancients covered their buildings with straw or Shortly before the first edition of these works was pub-thatch, (culmo.) See the example from Wotton. Ished, some hopes were entertained that the process emplayed by the great colourists of former times had been preserved; and I was furnished by an eminent artist with an account of the manner in which it had been discovered. And seide to hem, go ye into the castel that is agens you, and anoon ye schulen fynde an asse tied and a colt with hr, untye ye, and bryngith to me.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 21. Go into the towne that lyeth ouer against you, and anone re stal fynde an asse bound, and her colte with her: loose them & bring them vnto me.-Bible, 1551. Ib. It is also applied to any thing which stands as columns do ;-firmly, regularly, side by side, as the columns of a page, a column of troops. Pillars which we may likewise call columnes, for the word Then having learned the Hebrew tongue, and procured a Which is in some way not beyond the contrivance of art, plant, and fetching the root from the top, and also imitated in handsome columnary work in the inversion of the ex- O'er this a vocal organ mounted high Hughes. The Triumph of Peace. Slow sweeps he through the column'd aisle ; With dread beheld, with gloom beholding The rites that sanctify the pile.-Lord Byron. Giaour. COLURES, n. Lat. Coluri; Gr. Koλovpot, curtailed. Circles drawn through the poles, cutting the equinoctial into equal parts, the zodiack into unequal; called Koλovpot, (Vossius,) as if коλоι тηy оvрav, caudâ mutili; because part of Chaucer. The Reves Prologue, v. 3886. them is invisible to us, and of such part they seem He was al collich, full of ragerie. to be (mutili) deprived or destitute. And yet have I alway a coltes tothe, Id. The Marchantes Tale, v. 2521. But there was Cicero finely colled, as old as he was, by a young man, when he was contented to sue for the consulship in his behalf, and to make the senate agreeable to it. North. Plutarch, p. 728. What bootes it to breake a colte, and to let him straight rune loose at randome. Being straight left unto themTes, and their owne inordinate life and manners they tcomes forgot what before they were taught, and so soone 18 they were out of sight, by themselves shooke off their trizes, and beganne to colte anew, more licenciously than hore-Spenser. View of the State of Ireland. Pegasus still reares himself on high, Thence full of anguish driven The space of seven continu'd nights he rode Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ix. Correct old time alludes to that great man's Grecian Chronology, which he reformed on those two sublime conceptions, the difference between the reigns of kings, and the generations of men, and the positions of the colures of the equinox and solstices, at the time of the Argonautic expedition.-Warburton. Commentary on the Essay on Man. COMART, n Is the reading of the quarto, Certain Devises, &c. presented to her Majesty, 1587. 1604. The folio (as quoted below) cou'nant, which Shakespeare. Hen. VIII. Acti. sc. 3. Dryden. Virgil, Geor. b. iii. Fis free born vigour yet unbroke has been rejected by the editors, because it "makes Which had return'd Had he bin vanquisher, as by the same cou'nant His fell to Hamlet. Shakespeare. Hamlet, Act i. sc. 1. Warton, Ode 10. The First of April invenire, occurrere; because like is easily asso Plants raised with tenderness are seldom strong, Cowper. Progress of Errour. COLUMBARIE. Lat. Columbaria, (sc.) domus.The bird is said to be called Columba, from its swimming or floating motion, (Gr. Koλvußav, to swim.) A place, a house for doves or pigeons. ciated with like. Duc. Sen. Now my coe-mates, and brothers in exile, Shakespeare. As You Like It, Act ii. sc. 1. COMB, v. A. S. Camb, pecten; Dut. COMB, n. Kammen, kemmen; Ger. KamCO/MBER. men, pectinare; Dut. and Dan. Co/MBING, n. Kam; Ger. Kamm, pecten. CO'MBLESS. Junius thinks that camb (crista avium) is so called, a kаμπn, flexus, curvatura; and that comb, for the hair, is so used from its likeness, dentatæ serratæque crista gallinaceæ. Wachter, that the ancient Ger. Kam, manus, (whence han, and then hand,) was the primitive word, and has remained to us,-applied to things, which have incisions (incisuras) similar to the hand, pectini, cristæ, &c. To comb (or kemb) is to draw a comb through the hair or wool, so as to separate, and disentangle it. Up riseth Damian the nexte morwe, Al passed was his sicknesse and his sorwe. Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9885. She had bathe, she had reste, Thei might hir hore lockes shode.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. Yet he kembyng his olde white heares, one of the teeth of the combe entered into his hed, wherby grew an impostume, by occasion wherof, he ended his honorable life for so small a case.-Golden Boke, Let. 4. They would bryng our men earthen pottes of the quantitie of two gallons, full of hony and hony combes for 100 shelles.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 129. So after that repentaunce hath cast down our combe, and hath well shaken our disease, whā baptisme hath scoured or pourged vs and made vs emptie and voyde from al synnes, there bee suche thinges ministred, and geuen to vs as maye holsomlye replenish the soule agayne beeyng now well clensede and made voyde.-Udal. Luke, Pref. For Livia tooke closely an egge from under an hen that was sitting, and kept it warme sometime in her owne, otherwhiles in her woman's hands by turns one after another, so long, untill there was hatched a cock-chicken with a notable combe upon the head.-Holland. Suetonius, p. 95. But now in her owne fountaine bathes her faire And shapefull; now kembs her golden haire. Sandys. Ovid. Met. b. iv. But oft would bathe her in the crystal tide, Eusden. Ib. Oft with a comb her dewy locks divide. And Clemens Alexandrinus is as severe against old men that with black-lead combes put a lie upon their heads; and so disgrace their old age, which ought to be relied upon, believ'd and reverenc'd for truth. Bp. Taylor. Rule of Conscience, b. iii. c. 2. And fair Ligea's golden comb, Combers of wooll, made use hereof [spermaceti] and country people for cuts, aches and hard tumours. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 24. The baldness, thinness, and (as both men and women think) the deformity of the hair is usually supplied by borders and combings; also by whole perukes, like artificial sculls, fitted to their head. Bp. Taylor. Artificial Handsomeness, p. 44. Kate. What is your crest, a coxcombe? Shakespeare. Taming a Shrew, Act ii. sc. 1. Addison. Virgil, Geor. 4. Demaratus informed him, that it was a custom among the Spartans to comb down and adjust their hair, when they were determined to fight till the last extremity. Glover. Leonidas, Preface. Behold the fleece beneath the spiky comb If Id. Ib. b. ii. COMB. Fr. Combe; A. S. Comb; a valley enclosed on either side with hills, (Somner.) And then to Ina call'd: O if the roomes, No small delight the shepheards toke to see Browne. Britannia's Pastorals, b. ii. s. 2. COMBAT, v. CO'MBAT, n. COMBATANT, n. COMBATANT, adj. COMBATER. COMBATERIE. CO'MBACY. supplies the root. To fight, to battle; to be or cause to be in fight or battle; to engage in battle, to strive, to struggle with or against, to contend, or contest, to conflict. There came an holy man, termed Haucoir-Hamshe, a kinseman to one of the sophies, who mounted the sayd hill, and combating with the sayd giant, did binde not onely him in chaines but also his woman called Lamis-ache, with his son named After.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 347 Then darts we gan to sling in wide and weightless skies, And then the fiercest fight of all and combat did arise. Turberville. The Louer to Cupid for Mercie. In the which combatterie were taken two nobles of France. Strype. Records, No. 11. Pace to the Emperor. What had I To oppose against such powerful arguments? (O sacred Muse) my hauty thoughts inspire Fairefax. Godfrey of Bovlogne, b. vi. s. 39. And valient Essex this bold challenge sent, Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 846. It may be too, i' the ordinance of nature, B. Jonson. The Magnetick Lady, Act iii. sc. 5. And the Sicambri (which are now the people of Geldria) seem rightly in their owne German language to have been Sighcampers, that is, combatters or fighters for victory, for that sigh, in the ancient Teutonicke, is victory, and a camper, a combater.-Vestegan. Restitution, &c. p. 14. This sayd, the kings did marke and make A profit of the same, And did conclude by combacy To winne or loose the game. Warner. Albion's England, b. iv. c. 22. Or if combattensie not please, And vs of death discharge.-Id. Ib. God himself (as I may so speak) undertook the quarrell and fought his battles, and that brought him [Paul] off not only safe, but triumphant, which surely was as much more honourable than to have the combat ended by parting the combatants, as it is for a generous and brave enemy to have his quarrel decided by the verdict of a victorious sword, than took up and compromised by the mean expedients of reference and arbitration.-South, vol. vi. Ser. 8. Plato, combating the atheistical objections about the origin of evil, employs this argument in defence of Providence; "That amongst an infinite number of possible worlds in God's idea, this which he hath created, and brought into being, and admits of a mixture of evil is the best." Warburton. Pope. Essay on Man. The tide of nature returning strongly on both, the father in his turn embraced his son, and bathed him with his tears; whilst the combatants on either side, astonished at so unusual a spectacle, suspended the fight, applauded this striking act of filial piety and paternal tenderness, and pressed that it might become the prelude of a lasting peace. Burke. An Abridg. of Eng. Hist. an. 1083. And ge that hothr wolde, Is cause of all combraunce. Piers Ploukman, p. 85. Why ne haddest thou my father king of Troy Chaucer. Troilus, b. iv. But and if these humane lawes loke to destroye the Crysten lybertie, to combre mes consciences and to oppresse the glory of Cryste.-Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 6. For if thou were not brought sometime into combraunce whence God onely could deliuer thee, thou shouldst neuer see thy fayth.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 117. But this, after he was admytted, was so proude & so combrous, yt he rulyd all by wyll & nothyng by ryght or goodlye ordre of reason or conscience.-Fabyan. Caroli VI. an. 14. Wherefore they were afrayed lest his innocet blode wold be auenged and required at their handis, & therfore to be defended, they (as now do all siche lyke combrouse conscienced clerkis and bisshopes) be setting vp of these their baners and images of the emprours and kinges contend and siewe to gette their fauour, but all was in vayne. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel c. 9. Which Arthegal perceuing, strooke no more, But losing soone his shield, did it foregoe, And whiles he combred was therewith so sore, He gan at him let driue more fiercely then afore. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 12. Howbeit some seeking out the troth more eagerly, did cumber sore and trouble the Patricians, accusing them, that they abused the common poople with vain and fond perswasions, whilst themselves in the mean time had murdered the king with their own hands.-North. Plutarch, p. 29. I pray then let me only by this bearer know it, that I may provide you some fit lodgings at a good distance from Whitehall, for the preservation of blessed liberty, and avoidance of the cumber of kindness; which in troth (as we have privately discoursed) is no small one.-Reliq. Wotton. p. 429. For if my lord of Suffolk should remove from the king's privacy to a place of much distraction and cumber, without leaving a friend in his room, he might peradventure take cold at his back.-Id. p. 437. A cumber-world yet in the world am left, And now too late my forly but bemoan.-Drayton, Ecl. 2. There is no facilitie or wealth in this mortall world so perfite, which is not darkened with some cloude of combrance and aduersitie.-Grafton. Hen. II. an. 33. For this great bus'ness eas'ly setting out, Then Corin up doth take The working about the frames called Vineæ, and the raising of mounts (considering other urgent occasions) was most laborious, painfull and combersome. Holland. Ammianus, p. 245. The worde of God is a two-edged sword: as for the weapons of naturall reason, they are as the armour of Saul, rather cumbersome about the souldier of Christ then needful. Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. iii. s. 8. And yet by the knowledge of the double progression, beginning from the unit as 1, 2, 4, 8, a great deal of cumber, and sometimes of charge may be saved. Boyle. Works, vol. iii. p. 428. Whereas humane art acts upon the matter from without cumbersomely and moliminously, with tumult and hurliburly; Nature acting upon it more commandingly, doth its work easily, cleaverly, and silently. Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 179. This it is to soar above the rest of mankind; and this representation I lay before you, that I may be informed how to divest myself of the laurels which are so cumbersome to the wearer, and descend to the enjoyment of that quiet, from which I find a writer of the first class so fatally debarred.-Rambler, No. 17. I am afraid that whether married or unmarried, we shall find the vesture of terrestrial existence more heavy and cumbrous, the longer it is worn.-Id. No. 45. COMBINE, v. COMBINABLE. COMBINATE, adj. COMBINATION. sius, de Vitiis, iv. 4.) (See Martin.) "Combinage," Cotgrave says, "is a coupling, uniting, or joining of pairs." Fr. Combiner; It. Combinare; Sp. Combinar; Lat. Combinare, barbarum pro jungere, connectere, (Vos"Bina jumenta jungere," To combine, then, was to join, unite, connect, or fasten two together, as we now use the word to couple. It is now applied, generally,— To join, to connect, to counite, to coalesce. Adew myne owne dere spouse my worthy lorde Old duke Cedicus (men say) whan he furst did combyne In absence freendly league with Remulus of Tyburt coast: He sent that present then, for he of wealth had ryches Phaer. Virgill. Eneidos, b. ix. moast. We must our patience exercise, and worke, ourselves with Let us not then suspect our happy state Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ix. There she lost a noble and renowned brother, in his loue toward her, euer most kind and naturall: with him the portion and sinew of her fortune, her marriage dowry: with both her combynate-husband, this well-seeming Angelo. Shakespeare. Meas. for Meas. Act iii. sc. 1. The impediments were, First the negligence of the pastors; secondly combinations, that is, double benefices, when men having two cures could not sufficiently attend both. Hales. Let. from Dort. These two fair isles distinct in their creation, Yet one extracted from the other's side, Are oft made one by love's firm combination. P. Fletcher. The Purple Island, c. 3. Ordain we then two sorrows to combine, And in one point th' extremes of grief to join ; That thence resulting joy may be renew'd, As jarring notes in harmony conclude. Dryden. Palamon & Areile. Since to your uncompounded atoms you Figures in number infinite allow, From which by various combination, springs This unconfined diversity of things; Are not, in this, design and counsel clear? Blackmore. The Creation, b. iv Few painters have obliged us with finer scenes, or hav possessed the art of combining woods, lakes, and rocks, int more agreeable pictures, than G. Poussin. Hurd. On Horace. Art of Poetry, Pleasures are very combinable both with business an study. Chesterfield. Can I doubt, that he who had the courage to withstand combination of the most powerful men in Rome, who b conspired my ruin, will not be able to beat down the envio and malignant efforts of a little contemptible party, th may endeavour to oppose my honours. COMBURGER.) COMBURGERSHIP. Melmoth. Cicero, b. ii. Let. A fellow burgher. S BURGH. Faith hath alwai good hope & charitie with it, and cannot but worke well, no more than the fire can be wt out heate and light and burne al combustible thinges that it may touch and tary with.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 264. Guíanerius had a patient could make Latin verses when the moon was combust, otherwise illiterate. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 192. It [love] shall be cause of war, and dire events, Shakespeare. Venus & Adonis. All those other smaller fires, which are lodg'd in several parts of the lower regions joyning themselves with this mighty flame, shall prey upon whatever is combustible, and so rage first within the bowels of the earth, beginning the tragick execution upon those damned spirits that are there confined.-Glanvill. Pre-existence of Souls, c. 14. For knowing his comers.-Piers Plouhman, p. 36. But wite ye this, that if the housebondeman wiste in what our the theef were to come, certis he wolde wake and suffre not his hous to be undermyned.-Wiclif. Matthew, c. 24. Of this be sure, that yf the good man of ye house knewe what houre the thefe would come, he would surely watche, and not suffre his house to be broken vp.-Bible, 1551. Ib. I comaunde to thee before God that quickeneth alle thyngis & bifore Crist Jesu that gheldide a witnessyng undir Pilat of Pounce a good confessioun that thou kepe the comaundement without wemme without repreef into the comyng of oure Lord Jesu Crist whom the blessid and aloone myghti Kyng of Kyngis and Lord of Lordis schal schew in hise tymes.-Wiclif. 1 Tim. c. 6. I giue the charge in ye sight of God, whych quyckeneth all thynges, & before Jesu Christ, which vnder Pocius Pilate wytnissed a good wytnessyng that thou kepe the commaundmente, and be wythout spot & vnrebukeable, vntyl the ap Yellow amber, jet, and the like; all which are all of a bi-pearynge of our Lord Jesus Christ, which appearynge (whe tuminous unctuous nature; as appears by their easie combustibility and smell when they are burned. Digby. Of Bodies, c. 19. For noble descriptions there are hereof in the Grecian funerall of Homer. In the formal obsequies of Patroclus, and Achilles; and somewhat elder in the Theban war, and semn combustion of Meneceus, and Archemorus, contempotary unto Jair the eighth judge of Israel. Brown. Urne Burial, c. 1. They burnt not children before their teeth appeared, as apprehending their bodies too tender a morsell for fire, and that their gristly bones would scarce leave separable relicks after the pyral combustion.-Id. Ib. c. 4. There [were] great combustions and divisions among the heads of the university in preparation to the commencement. Mede. Life, p. 34. It is here just as if any combustible matter, which is set on fire; if we take the flame presently, it is soon extinguished; bat give it a little scope, and it proves often beyond your power to quench it, till it hath done mischief. Sharp, vol. v. Disc. 5. What may we conceive the inward disturbance is, where the outward shew (which usually dissembles the inward passion,) betrayed so much rage and disorder; for when such flames break out, what combustion may we conceive within-Stillingfleet, vol. i. Ser. 10. The suddenness, horror, and universality of their destruction are set forth by the similitude of a "fire" consuming the dry trees in a forest," or some combustible matter on the "mountains."-Horne. On the Psalms, Ps. 83. First through the shoulders, or whatever part Armstrong. The Art of preserving Health, b. iii. COME, c. COME, . CO/MER. A. S. Coman; Dut. Komen; Ger. Kommen; Sw. Komma. Come is a complex term, expressCO'MING, R. ing a particular species of moCOʻMMING, 1. tion. We see a thing in motion; the distance lessens, the thing approaches, and it comes: if the distance increases, the thing departs, and it goes. Such is the broad distinction between to come and to go. To come is usually interpreted in conjunction with prepositions, and even with other words connected with it; but the signification of the expression is entirely consequential, and must be deduced from the context. He came to me; he rame to the block in these instances came means terally the same; the consequences to the moving body were different, and are by usage impled. And (met.) The reckoning came to a pound; i.e. mounted. He came to his senses; i.e. he regained ir recovered them. In these expressions, amount, and regain, are by usage denoted. To come off,-to escape, to evade, to elude. Conelyng in R. G. and Wiclif,-comers (sc.) from Lreign places; foreigners, strangers. For ther nys in thi kyndam so wys mon ywys, VOL. I. the tyme is come) he shall shewe that is blessed and myghtye onelye, Kyng of Kinges, and Lord of Lordes, which only hath immortalitye.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Moost dere I biseche you as comelingis and pilgryms to absteine you fro fleishli desires that fighten agens the soul. Wiclif. 1 Pet. c. 2. At night was come into their hostelrie And for comers hereafter shullen fully all the sothe knowe of these thinges in acte, but as they werne, I haue put it in Scripture, in perpetual remembraunce of true meaning.. Id. The Testament of Loue, b. i. But she, whiche knewe to fore the honde Into the temple, hath shape so, &c.-Gower. Con. A. b. v. There they assembled by great companyes, the whiche were called the late commers bicause they hadde as than but lyttel pylled in the realme of France. Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. i. c. 214. And he still on was led, but with such thoughts Milton. Paradise Regained, b. i. Id. Samson Agonistes. This kingdom's angel I, who since that day Drummond. The Speech of Caledonia. Afterward they take it out, [the malt] and laieng it vpon the cleane floore on a round heap, it resteth so vntill it be readie to shoote at the root end, which malsters call comming. Holinshed. Description of England, b. ii. c. 6. And this I dare confidently averre, that there are no such enemies to the king's prerogative as those who, advancing it beyond due bounds, do necessarily draw it into dispute, in which it commonly comes off with losse and diminution in the end, as in the late cases of loanes, ship-money, and the like.-Prynne. The Soveraigne Power, pt. i. p. 103. But suppose David himself suborned Joab to do what he did, that he might have a fair come off, and manifest his love to his son. If David had done so; why God himself did so.-Goodwin. Works, vol. i. pt. ii. p. 135 COMEDY. Fr. Comédie; It. Commedia; COME'DIAN. Sp. Comedia; Lat. Comœdia; CO'MICK, adj. Gr. Κωμωδια ; according to CO'MICAL, adj. Festus, from Kaun, i. e. vicus, CO'MICALLY. a village, and won, cantus, a song; a village song; because these plays (ludi) were usually performed in villages before they were introduced into cities, (urbes.) Comick, having the qualities of Comedy :Mirthful, lively, facetious, witty, ridiculous, droll. A comical poet, in Holland, is a Comick poet, a writer of Comedies. A commodie is thought to be Drant. Horace. Epistle to Augustus. Aulus Gellius that noble historiar, Orace also with his newe poetry, Maister Terence the famous comicar. Skelton. The Crown of Laurel. Archilogus did for Iambics passe. Gaicoigne. R. N. on his Works. Clion in solem songs reneweth all day In fresh grene youth who doth lyke lawrel last. One may not thinke things comicall Drant. Horace. The Arte of Poetry. As for that part of poetry which dealeth in representation of personages in plaies upon a stage, so small account they made at Athens of the comedians and their profession; nay, they disdained and scorned it so much, that a law there was enacted, forbidding expresly that no senatour of the counsell Areopagus might make a comedy: contrariwise, the tragedy flourished, and was in much request. Holland. Plutarch, p. 807. I cannot for the stage a drama lay, B. Jonson. Epigrames. To a weake Gamester in Poetry. He was so mocked and flouted by the comicall poets, that he grew to be of no reckoning and reputation, but incurred an ill and odious name.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 807. Hee seemed when he presumed of himselfe, to cracke and vaunt in a loftie tragicall note, and whensoeuer he feared, to debase himselfe lower than a comicall actor. Id. Ammianus, p. 321. It is a comicall subject, in sober sadnesse to crave pardon of what is amisse, and desire thee to suspend thy judgement, wink at small faults, or to be silent at least, but if thou likest, speake well of it, and wish me good success. Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 407. I am resolved howsoever in this tragi-comedy of loue, to act severall parts, some satyrically, some comically, some in a mixt tone, as the subject I haue in hand giues occasion, and present scene shall require or offer itself.-Id. Ib. As that Syracusian in a tempest, when all ponderous things were to be exonerated out of the ship, quia maximum pondus erat, flung his wife into the sea. But this I confesse is comically spoken and so I pray you take it.-Id. Ib. p.562. The great success which tragic writers found, Dryden. The Art of Poetry. He [Daniel Whitby] was suspended, and at length made a pretended recantation, which cost him nothing but the pleasure of outwitting his governors, by a part acted in a comicall way.-Wood. Athenæ Oxon. When I first designed this play I found, or thought I pleasant in the comick, as might deserve a more ordinary found, somewhat so moving in the serious part of it, and so care in both.-Dryden. Spanish Friar, Dedication. Among the causes which he pleaded before his quæstorship, was that of the famous comedian Roscius, whom a singular merit in his art had recommended to the familiarity and friendship of the greatest men in Rome. Middleton. Life of Cicero, s. 1. Whenever Aristotle speaks of comedy, we must remember that he speaks of the old, or middle comedy, which was no other than what we should call farce, and to which his definition of comedy was adapted : μιμησις φαυλότερων; that is, as he explains himself, "an imitation of ridiculous cha racters."-Twining. Aristotle. Poetics, vol. i. Note 28, ZZ For it [the metre] can plainly be no other than a careless and looser Iambic, such as our language naturally runs into, even in conversation, and of which we are not without examples, in our old and best writers for the comic stage. Hurd. On the Idea of Universal Poetry. That our three heroes should advance, We for our readers might prepare.-Churchill. Ghost, b.iii. CO'MELY, adj. CO'MELY, ad. COMELILY. CO'MELINESS. Junius and Skinner agree from Become, in its consequential usage; viz. Becoming, fitting, decent, appropriate, suitable; graceful, handsome, of good appearance. And see the examples, from Davies on Dancing, and Strype. A comely creature.-Piers Plouhman, p. 345. How so his mouthe be comely, His worde sitte euermore a wrie, And saith the worste that he maie.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii. Wel shaped were her lims, ful comly was her face, Eche little vain most lively couch't, eche part had semely grace.-Vncertaine Auctors. Tale of Pygmalion, &c. Wherein surely hee noted wel the comelynes of apparel to be, when it was fashioned like the bodie, and grete folie, when a square cappe was set upon a round head. Strype. Records, No. 25. Life of Abp. Parker. Sicin. This is a happier and more comely time Then when these fellowes ran about the streets, Crying confusion.-Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act iv. sc. 6. Chor. O how comely it is, and how reviving To the spirits of just men long oppress't! When God into the hands of thir deliverer Puts invincible might To quell the mighty of the earth, th' oppressour. Milton. Samson Agonistes. How fought great Rupert, with what rage and skill! Enough to have conquer'd, had his cause been ill! Comely young man! and yet his dreadful sight The rebels blood to their faint hearts does fright. Cowley. On the late Civil War. I see him through an adverse battle thrust, Id. Upon the happie Birth of the Duke. So slides he down upon his grained bat, Shakespeare. A Lover's Complaint. It was then that the simple and beautiful young shepherdesses went without other apparel than that which was requisite to cover comelily, that which modesty wills and ever would have concealed.-Shelton. Don Quix. b. ii. c. 3. For comeliness is a disposing fair Of things and actions in fit time and place. COMESTIBLE. Lat. Comedere; com, and cheer up; also to confirm, help, strengthen, reinedere, estum, to eat. Fr. Comestible, That may be eaten. Albeit some herbes are most comestible, and do lasse harme vnto nature, & moderately vsid maketh metely good blud.-Sir T. Elyot. The Castel of Helth, b. ii. c. 15. His moneys were the purest and least corrupted within the Italian bounds; and his markets the best ordered for prices of comestible ware; where, in all his townes, a man might have sent out a child for any fish, or flesh, at a rated price every morning.-Reliquiae Wottonianæ, p. 246. COMET, n. CO'METARY. COMETO'GRAPHY. } Gr. Kounτns; Lat. Cometa, - stella crinita; It. and Sp. Cometa; Fr. Comète; Dut. and Ger. Kometa, from the Lat. Coma, the hair. See the quotation from Pliny. Vor a sterre with a launce, that comete iclupid is, In the yeere 1098, the Abbey of St. Maries at Cistertium was founded. In the same yeere also Antiochiæ was taken by the Christians, and a comet appeared. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 11. These blazing starres the Greekes call cometas our Romanes crinitas; dreadful to be seene, with bloudie haires, and all over rough and shagged in the top, like the bush of haire upon the head.-Holland. Plinie, b. ii. c. 25. On th' other side Incenc't with indignation Satan stood Unterrifi'd, and like a comet burn'd, That fires the length of Ophiucus huge In th' artick sky, and from his horrid hair Shakes pestilence and war.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii. regions, as on our globle.-Cheyne. Philosoph. Principles. Refractions of light are in the planetary and cometary From Dantzick, I understand by a letter of Mr. Hevelius, that his cometography is very near finished; and that he intends very shortly to send me by sea some exemplars thereof. Boyle. Works, vol. vi. p. 249. Letter from H. Oldenburgh. Her comel-eyes she darts on every grace; Dryden. Juvenal, Sat. 10. Falconer. Description of a Ninety-Gun Ship. CO/MFIT, v. Also written confits (qv.) CO'MFIT, n. Fr. Confitures; It. Confettura; CO'MFITURE. Sp. Confiture. All (says Skinner) from the Lat. Confectio, from conficere, Caseneuve confectum, to make up together. the Apothecary was called Confectionarius; and Medicine, Confectio. CONFECTION. Davies. On Dancing. observes, that Never made body such haste to confess See The ladies defended the castle with rose-water and com- The bright attendants, rang'd with comely pride But this [decency] shews virtue in her first original form, adds a comeliness to religion, and gives its professors the justest title to the beauty of holiness.-Spectator, No. 292. G. Douglas left behind him great approbation of his virtues, and love of his person, in the hearts of all good men; for besides the nobility of his birth, the dignity and comeliness of his personage, he was learned, temperate, and of singular moderation of mind. Hume. History of the Douglasses, p. 220. COMESSATION. Lat. Comessatio, comissari ; from the Gr. Kwuos, (Varro.) And Kwuos, (Lennep,) quasi conventus, concio, et in primis hominum ebriorum, noctu vagantium cum cantu; an assembly of men, drunk, and roving in the night with song. Comessatio, in Suetonius, (Vit. Domitiani, c. 21,) Holland renders "Reare banquets:" and the word was applied to A convivial banquet, which, after supper, was prolonged far into the night. Is it a small benefit that I am placed?-Where I see no drunken comessations, no rebellious routs, no violent oppressions, no obscene rejoicings, nor ought else that might either vex or affright my soul.-Bp. Hall. The Free Prisoner, s. 3. The fruit which does so quickly waste, Plato and Xenophon have made a note of the delicate viands, pastry works, comfitures and junckets, served up in Callias or Agathus houses.-Holland. Plutarch, p. 598. Donne. Love's Usury. Only let me love none, no not the sport COMFORTABLE. Also written Confort, (qv.) Mid. Lat. Confortare; Fr. Conforter. Cotgrave, in his interpretation, has put that last which should have been first; inasmuch as fortis, strong, anciently forctis, (from the Gr. Έρκτος, itself from έργειν, sepire, Vossius,) is the true etymology of the word. "To comfort, solace, recreate; to encourage or COMFORTLESS. CO'MFORTMENT. COMFORTRESS. Noither bi north no bi south com him neuer help, In a walnote. with oute ys a byter barke, These thingis I haue spoken to ghou dwellynge among ghou, but thilk Hooli Goost the comfortour, whom the Fadir schal sende in my name, he schal teche ghou alle thingis, and schal schewe to ghou alle thingis whateuere thingis I schall seie to ghou.-Id. John, c. 14. Thys haue I spoken vnto you beynge yet present with you. But that comforter which is the Holy Goost (whome my father wyl sende in my name) he shal teache you all thynges, and brynge all thynges to your remembraunce what so euer I have told you.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Thys conforte shalle thou euermore fynde in the playne texte and lytteral sense. Neyther is there anye storye so homelye, so rude: yea, or so vyle (as it semeth outwarde} wherin is not exceadynge great conforte. Tyndall. Workes, p. 3. For vnto the right beleuyng shal all thinges be comfortable, and vnto consolation, at that terrible day.-Id. Ib. p. 68. But Edmond therof beynge warned, sped him towarde that parte of the felde, and behaued hym so comfortably amonges his men, that by his knyghtly courage his people recouered that they before had loste, and contynued the batayll tyll nyght.-Fabyan, vol. i. c. 204. Honey is waloweish and ouer casteth the stomake, if it be plenteously taken by itselfe alone: but if wyth vinegre it be made eagredoulce, than is it not onely delectable and plesaunt of relice, but also comfortatiue and holsome too. Udal. Preface to the Kinges Maiestie. And as I haue my tale thus told, And named is Hope my comfourlour. Incertaine Auctors. The Louer describeth, &c. Quiet I aske, and a time of delay, And respite eke my fury to assuage, Till my mishap teach me, all comfortlesse, How for to wayle my grief.-Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. iv. The same merchants with all celeritie and expedition, obteined the queene's maiestie's most gracious and fauourable letters to the ladie dowager, and lordes of the councell of Scotland for the gentle comfortment and entertainment of the saide ambassadour, his traine and companie, with preseruation and restitution of his goods. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 286. The king him hartily thanked, and was well reuiued and comforted with his wordes, and so he with all his company were set on lande, and well refreshed. Grafton. Edw. IV. an. 9. 'Tis besides as comfortable Orl. Thy conceite is neerer death, than thy powers. At the armes end.-Shakes. As You Like It, Act ii. sc. Id. All's Well, Act i. se. We know a playing wit can praise the discretion of an ass the comfortableness of being in debt, and the jolly commod ties of being sick of the plague.-Sidney. Defence of Poesy Cyprian hearing thereof, wrote comfortably vnto him and willed him in any wise to proceed. Whitgift. Defence, p. 355. But hard (God knows) with sorrow doth it go, When woe becomes a comforter to woe. Drayton. England's Heroical Epistles. Be sure they will, said th' Angel; but from heav'n The promise of the Father, who shall dwell His spirit within them, and the law of faith Working through love, upon their hearts shall write, To guide them in all truth.-Milton. Par. Lost, b. xii. Ay dooing things, that to his fame redownd, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 2. s. 14. Mos. To be your comfortresse, and to preserve you. Velp. Alasse, I am past already! pray you thank him, For his good care, and promptnesse; but for that, 'Tis a vaine labour, e'ene to fight, gainst heaven. B. Jonson. The Fox, Act iii. sc. 7. Now all the remedy that is to be had in such an exigence as this, is to have the next preacher sent for, who must instil a little comfortable divinity into him, to make him sleep, and so his soul departs the Lord knows whither. Chillingworth, Ser. 6. Which [talents] if he do but carefully manage, and improve to the uses they were given for, he will for ever preserve to himself the love, and favour, and kindness of his heavenly Father, and shall not fail both of living happily and comfortasly here, and arriving also to a glorious state of immortality hereafter.-Sharp, vol. vi. Ser. 3. Thou only comforter of minds opprest, Buckinghamshire. The Temple of Death. Such is the condition of our life here! Either, not to have our most passionate wishes granted us; which is present unhappiness; or if we have them granted, to find, by a comfortless experiment, that we have sought misery instead of happiness; and embrace a vain shadow, where we expected a substantial good.-Hoadley, vol. iii. Ser. 15. Consolation, or comfort are words which, in their proper acceptation, signify some alleviation to that pain to which it is not in our power to afford the proper and adequate remedy; they imply rather an augmentation of the power of bearing, than a diminution of the burthen. To that grief which arises from a great loss, he only brings the true remedy who makes his friend's condition the same as before; but he may be properly termed a comforter, who by persuasion extenuates the pain of poverty, and shows in the style of Hesiod, that half is more than the whole. COMICK. See COMEDY. Rambler, No. 52. incidere, to cut into. From Commaticus, which St. Jerome applies to Hosea, "Osee commaticus est," Horsley appears to have adopted commatism. You search verie narowly when you misse not a comma, but you knowe what nugator signifieth. Whitgift. Defence, p. 341. I will produce a verse and half of his, in one of his eclogues to justify my opinion; and with commas after every word to shew that he has given almost as many lashes, as he has written syllables.-Dryden. Origin and Progress of Satire. The parallelism in many parts of Hosea is imperfect, interrupted and obscure; an effect perhaps of the commatism of the style.-Bp. Horsley. Hosea, p. 43. And he seyde to hem, where is youre feith? whiche dredynge wondriden: and seiden togider, who gessist thou is this? for he comaundith to the wyndis and to the see: and thei obeyen to him.-Wiclif. Luke, c. 8. And he sayde vnto the: where is youre fayth? they feared and wondred saying one to another: what felow is this, for he commaundeth bothe the windes and water, & they obey him.-Bible, 1551. Ib. And thei axiden him and seiden, commaundour whanne schulen these thingis be?-Wiclif. Luke, c. 21. Be ghe my foloweris as I am of Crist. And britheren I preise ghou that bi alle thingis ghe be myndeful of me, and as I bitook to ghou my comaundementis ghe holden. Id. Corynth. c. 11. I mote hir louen till I dye. And thus I breke as by that wey Hir hestes, and her commandynges; But truly in none other thynges.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. And lastly, what great exploits they performed vnder the conduct of Hubert of Burrough, as likewise against the Welshmen, vpon 200 French ships, and vnder the commaund of Captaine Henry Pay.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. Pref. But finally he wēt into the Isle of Crete, where he continued and dyed, commaundynge at his death, that his bones shulde be cast in to the see, leaste if they were broughte to Lacedemonia his countrye, the people shulde thynke them selfe of theyr othe and promise dyscharged. Sir T. Elyot. Governour, b. ii. c. 9. Why doothe hee excommunicate, and commaunde to be taken as a Heathen and a Pagan, any Christian prince, that renounceth his authority.-Jewell. Def. of the Apol. p. 395. With their lawes, and executions, their promotions and preferments: their biddings; and commandings; threatnings and reuengings, &c.-Fox. Martyrs, p. 17. They that wyll leue the comawndements of God undon, and wyll followe and doe voluntarie dedys, which were neither commawnded by God, nor yet by the churche, are greatlie to be blamyd and are to be punyshed. Strype. Records, No. 10. Dr. Crome's Declaration. Though his valour might perhaps have given a just pretension to one of the first charges in an army, it could not certainly be a sufficient ground for a title to the command of three nations.-Cowley. Government of Oliver Cromwell. How commandatory the apostolical authority was, is best discernible by the Apostle's mandates unto the churches upon several occasions, as to the Thessalonians,-We command the brethren.-Bp.Morton. Episcopacy Asserted, p. 73. "Ah! yet," said he, "yet, stubborn king! repent, Whilst thus unarmed I stand, Ere the keen sword of God fill my commanded hand; Cowley. The Plagues of Egypt. If it were true, which is here said by the diatribist, that the leviticalness or ceremoniality of the offerings seems to lie here, viz. in the uncommandedness or freedom to offer or not to offer;-then sure the leviticalness, &c. would not extend to the commandedness of the other offerings, and consequently the commanded offerings under the law would not be levitical: which is palpably false. Hammond. Works, vol. ii. p. 195. Seeing then that God alone is Lord of the soul and spirit, he alone can bind them by commandment; seeing God alone can take notice of the sins of the heart, and is onely able to inflict the punishment, namely, everlasting death and damnation, the proper punishment which the conscience feareth he alone may command upon pain of eternal damnation. Mede. Works, b. i. Dis. 34. Who sees an army all in rank advance, Davies. On Dancing, Which is not easily performed by man; it requireth not only a broad foot, but a pliable flexure of joints and commandible disposure of all parts of progression. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 1. Every spectator must learn of him, as it is his profession, he sets up school for it, his practices are so commandingly exemplary, that they do even force and ravish the most Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 506. maidenly tender conscience. For the performing of these workes, he had given commandement that all prisoners wheresoever should be trans ported into Italie: and that no person attaint and conuict of anie wicked act, should be condemned otherwise, but to worke thereat.-Holland. Suetonius, p. 194. Thou great commandress, that dost move Carew. A New Year's Gift to the Queen. The goddess we adore Dea Moneta, Queen money, to whom we daily sacrifice, which steers our hearts, hands, affections, all: the most powerful goddesse, by whom we are reared, depressed, elevated, esteemed, the sole commandresse of our actions. Burton. Anat. of Melan. To the Reader, p. 37. Whereas humane art acts upon the matter from without cumbersomely and moliminously, with tumult and hurliburly; nature acting on it from without more commandingly, doth its work easily, cleaverly, and silently. Cudworth. Intel. System, p. 179. Where there is a sincere and honest endeavour to please God and keep his commandments, although persons fail in the manner of doing it, God will accept of such as righteous. Stillingfleet, vol. iv. Ser. 3. O! sovereign of the willing soul, And frantic passions, hear thy soft control: Has curb'd the fury of his car, And dropp'd his thirsty lance at thy command. Gray. The Progress of Poesy. In his profession, Sir Sidney Smith might be considered as a distinguished person, if any person could well be distinguished in a service in which scarce a commander can be named without putting you in mind of some action of intrepidity, skill, and vigilance, that has given them a fair title to contend with any man in any age. Burke. On a Regicide Peace, Let. 3. CO/MMARK. Commarchia, confine, limes, the confine, the limit. Gallis, frontiere, comarque, (Du Cange.) Marches, from the A. S. Mearc, signum, limitaneum, terminus, a bound; from A. S. See MARCHES. Mearc-an, to mark. A mark or march; a bound or confine. Sir Knight, the boy which I chastise, is mine own servant, and keepeth for me a flock of sheep in this commark. Shelton. Don Quixote, b. 1. c. 4. And the best of it is, that it is publickly bruted about this commarke, that those which surprised us, were galley-slaves. Id. Ib. b. iv. c. 2. COMMATE/RIAL. Of the same matter. See Walton. Life of Donne. Lat. Con, and memor, from Memini, preterperf. of the obsolete meneo, or meno, and meno, the Gr. Meve, manere, See MEMORAble. COMMEMORATION. COMMEMORATIVE. COMMEMORATIVELY. COMMEMORATORY. to stay or remain. To stay, or cause to stay, to keep or preserve, (sc.) in the mind; to manifest, show or declare that we keep or preserve in the mind; by some public act-to solemnize or celebrate any thing preserved in the mind. The lambe or feaste is called the Lorde's passeouer; and yet was neither the lambe nor the feaste his passyng ouer, but the sign and commemoration of his passyng by. Tyndall. Workes, p. 469. All these testimonies have been express for our purpose, That the thanksgivings and prayers of the church in the Christian sacrifice were offered unto the Divine majestie through Christ commemorated in the symbols of bread and wine, as by a medium whereby we find acceptance. Mede. Works, b. ii. c. 6. After whose death [Metrodorus] making in one of his letters a kind commemoration of the happiness which they two had enjoyed together, he adds at last, that he thought it no disparagement to those great felicities of their life that, in the midst of the most talked-of and talking country in the world, they had lived so long, not only without fame, but almost without being heard of.-Cowley. Ess. Obscurity. That rest which God superadded, being only commemorative of their deliverance from the Egyptian servitude, was not moral, nor perpetual.-Bp.Taylor. Rule of Con. b. ii. c. 2. |