Heare me, recreant, on thine allegeance heare me;
That thou hast sought to make us breake our vowes,
Which we durst neuer yet; and with strain'd pride,
To come betwixt our sentence and our power,
Which, nor our nature, nor our place can beare;
Our potencie make good, take thy reward.

Shakespeare. King Lear, Act i. sc. 1.

For your great graces
Heap'd vpon me (poore videseruer) I
Can nothing render but allegiant thankes,
My prayres to heauen for you; my loyaltie
Which euer has, and euer shall be growing,

Ere wit oblique had broke that steady light,
Man, like his Maker, saw that all was right;
To virtue, in the paths of pleasure trod,
And own'd a father when he own'd a God.
Love all the faith, and all the allegiance then,
For nature knew no right divine in men.

Pope. Ess. On Man. Epist. 3.

Even in swearing allegiance to their sovereign, an act which ought naturally to be accompanied with professions of submission and respect, they [the Aragonese] devised an oath, in such a form, as to remind him of his dependence on his subjects.- Robertson. Charles V.

Now wil I not lay ani maner blame at al, to any man that wil expoud all the whole processe of Genesis, by all allegories, and teache vs certayne conuenient vertues vnderstanden bi the four flouds of paradise, and tell vs that paradise is grace, out of whych al the floodes of all vertues flowe and water the earth, calling the earth mankinde that was made thereof, beynge barayne and fruytelesse, but yf it be watered with the floodes of vertue, and so forth in some suche maner expound vs all the remanant.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1041. Wyth hys allegoricall exposicion of spirituall eating of Christes godhead & of his bodi by beliefe of hys passion, he goeth about to take away from vs the very lytterall truth, of the very eating and bodely receiuig of Christes own veri flesh & blood.-Id. Ib.

For it is wrytten, that Abraham had two sonnes, the one by a bonde mayde the other by a fre woma. Yee and he whych was borne of the bonde woman, was borne after the flesshe: but he which was of the fre woma, was borne by promes. Which thynges are spoken by an Allegorye. For these are two testamêtes.-Bible, 1539. Galatians, c. 4.

And although I am not ignorant that some do allegorie vpon this place, saying that Christ is lifted vp, by the preaching of the gospell, yet that maketh nothing agaynst me, who no where denie this effect of preaching. Whitgift. Defense, p. 571.

Make no more allegories in scripture than needs must; the fathers were too frequent in them; they indeed, before they fully understood the literal sense, looked out for an allegory.-Selden. Table Talk.

A kingdom they portend thee, but what kingdom,
Real or allegorick, I discern not,

Nor when; eternal sure, as without end, Without beginning. Millon. Par. Regained, b. iv. For under covert tearmes, he doth allegorize and give us to understand; that the souls here are tied and fastned to mortall bodies, by way of punishment.

Holland. Plutarch. Morals, p. 473.

The stoick philosophers, as we learn from Cicero, were great allegorizers.-Coventry. Phil. Con.

But now the mystic tale that pleas'd of yore,
Can charm an understanding age no more;
The long spun allegories fulsome grow,
While the dull moral lies too plain below.

Addison. On English Poets.

writers, both poets, and philosophers, of which he gives several instances from Hesiod and Plato which were all allegorized by their interpreters to a moral sense.

Middleton. Creation and Fall of Man.

Much less did he [Virgil] think of physics, though he was fond of natural enquiries, and Homer's allegorizers had opened a back-door to let in the philosophers with the poet. Bp. Warburton. Divine Legat. b. ii. s. 4.

ALLEVIATE, v. It. Alleviare, (Ad-levis,) ALLEVIATION. light. See RELIEVE. ALLEVIATING, n. To lighten, or make light; to relieve from a burden, from an oppressive weight, from any thing oppressive or irksome; to moderate, to assuage, to mitigate.

How much shall we be wanting to ourselves, if we do not make use of this spiritual agility; sending up these spirits of ours from this dull clay of our bodies to those regions of blessedness, that they may thence fetch comfort to alleviate the sorrows of their heavy partners!

Bp. Hall. Balm of Gilead, c. i. These are, my son, special compositions of wholesome recipes for the several maladies of thy soul; wherein it shall be my happiness to have suggested unto thee such thoughts as may any whit avail to the alleviation of thy sorrows. Id. Ib. c. 18. Some cheering alleviative to lads kept in pure slavery to a few Greek and Latin words.-Corah's Doom (1672), p. 126. Those large bladders or membranes, extending to the bottoms of the bellies of birds, into which the breath is received, conduce much to the alleviating of the body, and facilitating the flight.-Ray. On the Creation.

The calamity of the want of the sense of hearing is much alleviated,-comparatively speaking it is removed, by giving the use of letters and of speech; by which they [the deaf] are admitted to the pleasure of social conversation. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 11.

A'LLEY, n. Fr. Allée; from the v. aller, to go. Alley (says Skinner), a place through which it is possible to go or pass. Applied particularly toThe walks in a garden; and to paths or passages from main streets or roads.

Vpe the alurs of the castles the laydes thenne stode
And by hulde thys noble game, and wyche kyngts were god.
R. Gloucester, p. 192.

Such joy had she, for to take hede
On her stalkes for to scen hem sprede
In the alures walking to and fro.

Lidgate. Story of Thebes, pt. ii.

So long about the alleyes is he gon,
Till he was comen again to thilke pery,
Wher as this Damian sitteth ful mery
On high, among the freshe leves grene.

Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 10,198.
This yerde was large & railed all the alies,
And shadowed wel, with blosomy bowes greene.
Id. Troil. & Cres. b. ii.
To-morrow, ere fresh morning streak the east
With first approach of light, we must be risen,
And at our pleasant labour, to reform
Yon flowery arbours, yonder alleys green.

Millon. Paradise Lost, b. iv. This division of sex was formerly in our churches. *** The seats for the men being next to the chancel, and the seats for the women next from the middle doors to the belfery, with an alley up to the middle of the church, and another cross that to the north and south doors.

Sir G. Wheler. On the Churches of the Prim. Christ. Here oft the peasant, with inquiring face, Bewilder'd trudges on from place to place; He dwells on every sign with stupid gaze, Enters the narrow alley's doubtful maze.-Gay. Trivia,b.ii. ALLIGATE. Lat. Alligare, (Ad-ligare,) to ALLIGATION. bind together. See COLLIGATE.

To bind, or fasten together.

The earth, or those influences [of the Heavens] have not this power concredited to them, but their production is irresistibly alligated to the Semen innatum and conjunction of sexes.-Hale. Origin of Mankind, p. 305.

And the activity that either of these instruments have, they have from that God that first formed the human nature, and implanted and alligated this activity to them. Id. I. p. 334.

Thus the fields must be flowry, beauty must be beaming ladies must be lovely; and in the same manner must th " waves wind their watry way," the "blustring blasts blow and "locks all loosely lay," not for the sake of the poetr but the elegance of the alliteration.-Connoisseur, No. 83.

This partial attachment to particular letters is a kind contrast to the famous Odyssey of Tryphiodorus, whe every letter in the alphabet was in its turn excluded; a the alliterator must be as busily employed to introdu his favourite vowel or consonant, as the Greek poet to sh out the letter he had proscribed.—Id.

Nor did he [Longland] make these writers [the Ang Saxon poets] the models of his language only: he likew. imitates their alliterative versification, which consisted using an aggregate of words beginning with the same lette Warton. Hist. of the Eng. Poetry,

ALLOCATE.

Lat. Allocare, (Ad-locus,) place to, or near. See COLLOCATE. To place, to set, to set aside.

Upon which discovery the court is empowered to sei upon and allocale, for the immediate maintenance of su child or children, any sum not exceeding a third of t whole fortune.-Burke. On the Popery Laws.

ALLOCUTION, n. Į (Ad-loqui, locutus,) or ADLOCUTION. S speak to.

A speaking to; addressing the speech to.

Upon such a high tribunal or scaffold [the Bua, or pul we often see the emperor standing, and sometimes sitt in medals and ancient bass-relieves; both in adlocuti to the army, and in distributing their bounty to the peop Sir G. Wheler. On the Churches of the Prim. Chr ALLO'DIAL. Law Lat. Allodium, from A. S. Leod, the people, (Spelman, who other conjectures as to the origin of this wor

66

The writers," says Blackstone, "on this subj define Allodium to be every man's own la which he possesseth merely in his own rig without owing any rent or service to any su rior."-Com. b. ii. c. 7.

This allodial property no subject in England has being a received, and now an undeniable, principle in that all the lands in England are holden mediately or mediately of the king.-Blackstone, (ut supra.)

ALLO'O. interj. Loo, Aloo, Hallɔo. or HALLO'O,

HALLOO.

ten, by Spenser, Alew.

Awhile she walkt, and chauft; awhile she threw
Herself upon her bed, and did lament:

Yet did she not lament with loud alew,

As women wont, but with deepe sighes and singulfes
Spenser. Faerie Quecne, b. v.

Alloo thy furious mastiff, bid him vex
The noxious herd, and print upon their ears

A sad memorial of their past offence.-Philips, Cider

ALLOT, v.

ALLOTMENT.

ALLOTTERY.

Fr. Allotir, Allotement. in the A. S. written Hlot, part. of Hidan, tegere, op

to cover; and means something covered, or hic Tooke, vol. ii. p. 195.

Upon this past participle the verb allot has formed. See LOT.

To put to lot, to give by lot, to grant, o tribute by lot; and then, generally, to giv grant, to distribute, to apportion.

Of Priamus this was the fatal fine,
The wofull end that was allotted him:
When he had seen his palace all on flame,
With ruine of his Trojan turrets eke.

Surrey. Virgile. Enci

Thy self content with that is the assinde,
And vse it well that is to the alotted.
Wyatt. On the Meane

Then Jupiter in heauen aboue in equall ballance wayes Tanz desties both, and from his sentence graue a while he states, 41

to either diuers chance alots, who shall endure Me trazele hard, and who to present death to die is sure. Twyn. Encidos, b. xii.

Pe days we do allot thee for prouision,
Tachisid thee from disasters of the world,
A on the sixt to turn thy hated backe
Tpon our kingdome.-Shakespeare. Lear, Act i. sc. 1.
Her [the moon] spots thou seest
As clouds, and clouds may rain, and rain produce
Fruits in her softened soil, for some to eat
diated there-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. viii.

The spirit of my father growes strong in mee, and I * no kager endure it: therefore allow me such exercises le may become a gentleman, or giue mee the poore allottery my taber left me by testament, with that I will goe buy my itunes.—Sakespeare. As You Like It, Act i. sc. 1.

The fre, that once extinct reviv'd again,
Fareshows the love allotted to remain.

Dryden. Palamon & Arcite.

lane masa can excel in every thing, we must consider start is allatted to us to act in the station in which Providence hath placed us, and to keep to that.

Mason. On Self-knowledge.

And let no one say, that God has so ordered things in this 3. upon the whole there is a fair and just allotment

- ist eral blessings.-Bp. Pearce, vol. i. Ser. 3.

ALLOW, t.
ALLOWABLE.

ALLOWABLENESS.
ALLOWABLY.

ALOWANCE.

41.

Fr. Allouer, Alouēr; which Menage deduces from the Lat. Adlaudare ; Wachter, from Ger. Laub-en;

The tourney is allow'd but one career,

Of the tough ash, with the sharp-grinded spear,
But knights unhors'd may rise from off the plain,
And fight on foot their honour to regain.

Dryden. Palamon & Arcile.

I cannot think myself engaged from these words to discourse of lots, as to their nature, use and allowableness. South, vol. i. Ser. 8.

I should allowably enough discharge my part in this treatise, if I should not do any more than give you reasonable inducements to entertain high expectations of the fruits that may be gathered from natural philosophy, if it be industriously and skilfully cultivated.-Boyle. Exper. Phil.

The ruin'd spendthrift, now no longer proud,
Claim'd kindred there, and had his claims allow'd.
Goldsmith. Deserted Village.

Many have weighed carefully, and observe conscientiously, some duties of life; but will not reflect a moment, whether it be allowable for them to behave, in other points, as they do.-Secker, vol. i. Ser. 1.

ALLUDE, v. ALLU'SION. ALLU'SIVE.

it to concede, to give leave.

To permit, to concede, to suffer, to assent, to

- Considering thin youthe,

Songly thou spekest, sire. I aloue the

As to my deme, ther is non that is here,

feling bence that shall be thy pere,

tim thou live-Chaucer. Frankeleines Prol. v. 10,988.

Ye rear good counsaile sikerly

This cheth me al day, that I

Shed not lowes lore alow-Id. Rom. of the Rose.

- is, that lone alloweth

The seat, man withouten good,

Though his condicion be good.-Gower. Con. A. b. iv.

Wee for worshippe God, and the Father of our Lorde Jesus Christe an do allow al thinges whiche haue benne wetten either in the lawe, or in the prophetes, or in the apples Turkus—Jewel. Defence of the Apologie, p. 68.

HI- is not dead, that sometime had a fall
The Surze retures, that hid us under clowde
And when formune hath spit out all her gall
I trust, good luck, to me shall be alowed.

Sir T. Wyat. The Louer hopeth, &c.

Some that purpose to mende, and woulde fayne haue some te them lenger to bestow somewhat better, may emre be Inthe to die also by & by,-yet will I not t hot that moebe kynd of lotheness to dye, maye be phite God allowable.—Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1250. When his maister is from home in a straunge countrey the fitafull stewarde], will see well to his housholde, the he is made onerseer and deputye, not to vse hyma lorde or a tyranne over it, but out of the treasours mde to bring forth paie vnto euerie bodye, his due ence as much as conuenient is, and at suche tymes amykke-Edal. S. Luke, c. 12.

Se qe his emerge manifold, that many words dothe use, secret playnt. fewe words of hotte effect, Furthy hood; clowance vaine of voyd desert neglect. Surrey. Ecclesiastes, c. 5.

• it in summe, what I would have ye wey :

The whether ye aliowe my whole devise,
Anthur ke it good for me, for them, for you,
wire country, mother of us all:
velike it, and allowe it well,
Dether guydinge and their governaunce,
from surt means of circumstance,

meete to be both knowne and kept.
Sackville. Ferrez & Porrex, Act i. sc. 2.

bear me Samson; not that I endeavour

en or extemate my offence,

the other side, if it be weigh'd
mavations not surcharg'd,
text allowance counterpois'd,

I mayble, thy pardon find.-Milton. Samson Agon.

As for the grace of the Latine tongue I thinke vnpossible to bee liuely expressed, as this autour doth it in the Latine by reason of sundry allusions, diuers prouerbes, many figures, & exornacions retorycall.-Udal. Pref. to S. Luke.

He plac'd in the convex of every one of those vast capacious spheres some living creatures to glorify his name, among whom there is in every of them one supereminent, like man upon earth, to be lord paramount of all the rest. To this haply may allude the old opinion, that there is a peculiar intelligence which guides and governs every orb in heaven.-Howell, b. iii. Let. 9.

The rest were all

Far to the inland retir'd, about the walls Of Pandemonium; city and proud seat Of Lucifer, so by allusion call'd

Of that bright star to Satan paragon'd.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. x.

The Jewish nation, that rejected and crucified him, within the compass of one generation were, according to his prediction, destroyed by the Romans, and preyed upon by those eagles (Matt. xxiv. 28.), by which, allusively, are noted the Roman armies, whose ensign was the eagle.

Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 6.

There may, according to the multifarious allusiveness of the prophetical style, another notable meaning be also intimated.-More. Seven Churches.

The great art of a writer shows itself in the choice of pleasing allusions, which are generally to be taken from the great or beautiful works of art or nature.-Spectator, No. 421.

The foundation of all parables is some analogy or similitude between the tropical or allusive part of the parable, and the thing couched under it, and intended by it.

South, vol. ii. Ser. 6. The people of the country, alluding to the whiteness of its [Butermer lake] foam, call it sour-milk force. Gilpin. Tour to the Lakes.

To resume a former allusion, the running horse, when fattened, will still be fit for very useful purposes, though unqualified for a courser.-Goldsmith. On Polite Learning.

The meaning too is repeatedly obscure. This arises generally from the quick and short allusiveness of it [the language of Gibbon].-Whitaker. Review of Gibbon's Hist. ALLURE, v. See LURE. ALLURE, n. ALLUREMENT. ALLU'RER. ALLURING, n. tract, to tempt, to entice.

To induce, or attract, by some temptation or incitement; to present, offer, or hold out temptations; to at

And ouer and besydes al this, those persones who laied their battrey against the trueth euangelicall to cast it down and to destruie it, not onely had diuerse and soondry kindes of terrours wherwt euen verai manly stomakes also might haue bene quailled, but also they had diuerse and soondrie allurementes, wherewith an herte, though it wer right continent, might be corrupted.-Udal. Pref. to S. Luke.

And incontinent, as sone as they can speake, it behoueth with most pleasaunt allurynges to instill in them swete maners and vertuouse custome.-Elyot. Governour, b. i. c. 4.

The faire Serena (so his lady hight),
Allur'd with myldnesse of the gentle wether,
And plesaunce of the place, the which was dight
With divers flowres distinct with rare delight,
Wandred about the fields.-Spenser. F. Queene, b. vi. c. 3.

Study such kisses as would melt a man,
And turn thy self into a thousand figures,
To add new flames unto me, I would stand
Thus heavy, thus regardless, thus despising
Thee, and thy best allurings.

Beaum. & Fletch. Woman's Prize, Act i. Thus then, whereas by temptation here is meant any occasion alluring or provoking to sin, or withdrawing from duty, with a violence, all things considered, exceeding our strength to resist or avoid. God may be said to bring them into it, whom in justice he permits to be exposed thereto. Barrow. On the Lord's Prayer.

When will our losses warn us to be wise?
Our wealth decreases, and our charges rise.
Money, the sweet allurer of our hopes,
Ebbs out in oceans, and comes in by drops.

Dryden. Prologue to the Prophetess.

Though caution'd oft her slippery path to shun,
Hope still with promis'd joys allur'd them on;
And while they listened to her winning lore,
The softer scenes of peace could please no more.

Falconer. Shipwreck. Among the Athenians, the Areopagites expressly forbade all allurements of eloquence.-Hume. Ess. On Eloquence. ALLUVION, n. Lat. Alluvio, (Ad-luere, lutum,) to wash to.

The washing away: particularly applied toThe washing up of sand or earth, so as to form a new soil.

And likewyse vnto ye towne of Paperethus there came a goulphe of the sea (and yett wythoute annye earthquake and ouerflowynge) that dydde beate downe one parte of the welle, togider wyth the palais and many othere howses. Of the whyche alluuyons and ouerflowynges, the earthquakes (at I thynke) were the cause. For on that syde, where it moste troubledde and quaked, yt chasedde and repulsed the sea from it, whyche retournynge agayne wyth greate force and violence, caused the alluuyons and ouerflowyngs, Nicolls. Thucydides, fol 92.

Slow rivers, by insensible alluvions, take in and let out the waters that feed them, yet are they said to have the same beds.-Howell, b. iv. Let. 18.

And therefore though the world might be eternal, the alluvion of the sea upon those rocks might not be eternally continued, but interpolated.-Hale. Orig. of Mank. p. 96.

Lands [may be] gained from the sea, either by alluvion, by the washing up of sand and earth, so as in time to make terra firma; or by dereliction, as when the sea sinks back below the usual watermark.-Blackstone. Com. b. ii. c. 16.

ALLY', v. ALLY', n. ALLIANCE. ALLIANT.

Fr. Allier; Sp. Aliar; from the Lat. Alligare, (Ad-ligare,) to bind to. Alliance and allegiance are the same word, differently applied, the g being softened into y. To bind or unite by covenant or affinity; to join, associate, or confederate together.

And saide, that it was to hym gret prow and honour
To be in such mariage alied to the emperour.
R. Gloucester, p. 65.

Other radde that he schulde al myd the kyndome
Late ys dogter spousi to an hey prince of Rome,
And thenne, for the aliance that were hem by twene
Heo mygt this lond al in pes holde with oute tene.
Id. p. 89.

The kyng sister of France Henry allied him to
Here of a disceyuance thei conseild him to do.

R. Brunne, p. 133.

Gisors my gode cite, with alle the purueiance,
Richard I gaf it fre, to mak this aliance.-Id. p. 156.
Amonges the which points yspoken was
To have with certaine contrees alliance,
And have of Thebanes full obeisance.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2975.

Sil. If this man
Had but a mind allied unto his words,
How blest a fate were it to us and Rome!

B. Jonson. Sejanus, Act i. sc. 2.

He in court stood on his own feet; for the most of his allies rather leaned upon him than shored him.

Wotton. Remains. D. of Buckingham.

In the presence and approbation also of other princes, states, alliants, deputies with full power and authority, we do promise and vow for our selves of each party, alliants, electors, princes, and states, by all the real words of truth and fidelity.-Accord of Ulm. Reliquiae Wottonianæ, p. 532.

Heaven forming each on other to depend,

A master, or a servant, or a friend,
Bids each on other for assistance call,

Till one man's weakness grows the strength of all.
Wants, frailties, passions, closer still ally
The common interest, or endear the tie.

Pope. Essay on Man, Ep. 3.

Along the lawn, where scatter'd hamlets rose,
Unwieldy wealth and cumb'rous pomp repose;
And ev'ry want to luxury ally'd,
And every pang that folly pays to pride.

Goldsmith. Deserted Village.

-In highest heav'n Vengeance in storms and tempests sits enshrin'd, Vested in robes of lightning, and there sleep Unwak'd but by the incens'd Almighty's call. Mason. Elfrida.

A'LMOND. Fr. Amande; It. Mandorla, Amandola; Sp. Almendra; Lat. Amygdalum; Gr. Auvydaλov, (from auvoo-ew, radere, to scrape;) so called from the furrowed lines of the husk. As for almonds, they are of the nature of nuts:-Whether the almond tree were in Italie during the life of Cato, there is some doubt and question made. Holland. Plinie, b. xv. c. 22. Mark well the flowering almonds in the wood: If odorous blooms the bearing branches load, The glebe will answer to the sylvan reign, Great heats will follow, and large crops of grain. Dryden. Virgil, Geor. 1. ALMO'ST, ad. All and most (i. e.) most part of all, or of the whole; quod enim fere perfectum est, a toto, (i. e.) a complemento suo parum abest. Skinner.

And in the sabot suynge almest al the citee cam togidre to heere, the word of God.-Wiclif. Dedis, c. 13. And ye nexte Saboth daye came almoste ye whole citie together, to heare the worde of God.-Bible, 1539. Ib. O King Agrippa, beleuest thou the Prophetes? I knowe that thou beleuest. Then Agrippa said vnto Paul, Almost thou persuadest me to become a Christian. Then Paul saide,

Upon a writ of error from an inferior court, that of Lynn, the error assigned was that the judgment was given on a Sunday, it appearing to be on 26 February, 26 Elin, and upon inspection of the almanacs of that year, it was found that the 26th of February in that year actually fell upon a Sunday; this was held to be a sufficient trial, and that a trial by jury was not necessary.-Blackstone. Com, b. iii. c.22.

ALMIGHTY, adj. ALMIGHTY, N. ALMIGHTIFUL.

ALMIGHTINESS.

A. S. El-mihtig, Allmighty. See MIGHT. Having all might, or power; omnipotent;

boundless, infinite in might or power; applied emphatically, as a name, to God.

He bi het God almygty, gef he sende hym tho ouer hond, To rere vp agen the chirches a boute into al that lond. R. Gloucester, p. 138. Greete and woundirful ben thi werkis, Lord God Almyghti, thi weies ben iust and trewe lord kyng of worldis.

Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 15. Gret and maruelous are thy workes: Lorde God Almyghtye, iust and true are thy wayes, thou kyng of sainctes.

Bible, 1539. Ib.

And yet it is not thy willynge.-Gower. Con. A. b. v.

Almighty God, whom the Moores nacion

Fed at rich tables presenteth with wine,
Seest thou these thinges? or feare we thee in vain
When thou lettest flye thy thonder from the cloudes?
Or do those flames with vaine noyse us affray?
Surrey. Virgile. Enæis, b. iv.

At this emperial & almightiful voice of Jesus commaūding him to depart the vnclene spirite whan he had throwen down the man vpon the yearth and vexed him, he departed from him.-Udal. Luke, c. 4.

Sleeps't thou, companion dear? What sleep can close
Thy eye-lids? and remember'st what decree
Of yesterday, so late hath pass'd the lips

Of Heaven's Almighty. Milton. Paradise Lost, b. v. In the glorious lights of heaven, we perceive a shadow of his divine countenance; in his merciful provision for all that live, his manifold goodness; and lastly, in creating and making existent the world universal, by the absolute act of his own word, his power and Almightiness.

Ralegh. Hist. of the World, c. 1. s. 1.

The Almighty discovers more of his wisdom in forming such a vast multitude of different sorts of creatures, and all with admirable and irreproveable art, than if he had created but a few.-Ray. On the Creation.

How boundless a power, or rather what an almightiness is eminently displayed in God's making out of nothing all things!-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 20.

me to day, were bothe almost and altogether such as I am, except these bondes.-Geneva Bible. Actes, c. 26.

This course of vanity almost complete,
Tir'd in the field of life, I hope retreat
In the still shades of death for dread and pain,
And griefs, will find their shafts elanc'd in vain.

Reufol he was to neody men, of hys almesse large & fre. R. Gloucester, p. 330. Vor his deth he made deol inou, and vor is soule he let do Almes dede mani on, & mani masse al so.-Id. p. 526.

For freres of the croice, & monk & chanoun Haf drawen in o voice his feez to ther almoyn, Thorgh whilk drauht his seruise is lorn & laid doun. R. Brunne, p. 239. And lo a man stood bifore me in a whyt clooth and seide, Cornelie thi preier is herd, and thin almesdedes ben in mynde in the sight of God.-Wiclif. Dedis, c. 10.

And behold, a man stode before me in bryght clothynge, and sayd: Cornelius, thy prayer is heard, ad thyne almesdedes are had in remembraŭce in the syght of God. Bible, 1539. Ib. Now ben ther three maner of almesse; contrition of herte, when a man offreth himself to God: another is, to have pitee of the defaute of his neighbour and the thridde is, in yeving of good conseil, gostly & bodily, wher as men have nede, and namely in sustenance of mannes food. Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

And yet he geueth almesse,

And fasteth ofte and hereth messe.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. Walke in loue as Christ hath loued vs, in Christen almose dedes, in scripturely fastyng, in ghospellike prayer in rendryng thankes.-Udal. Prologue to Ephesians.

[This was] A man that had been long in office vnder dyuers of the kynges almoygners, to whom the goodes of hys office, as deodandes to be geue in almes. such men as kyll themselfe be appoynted by the lawe, and

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 235. As I loue my brother, and he haue nede of me, & be in pouertic, loue will make me put myne hand into my purse or almory, and to geue him some what to refresh him." Tyndal. Workes, p. 225.

Clot. You sinne against Obedience, which you owe your father, for The contract you pretend with that base wretch, One, bred of almes, and foster'd with cold dishes, With scraps o' th' court.-Shakespeare. Cymb. Act ii. sc. 3.

Richard Rich was a mercer, and founded almes-houses Hodsden in Hartford-shire, which no doubt were by hi competently endowed; though now the almes-houses are poor as the almes-folk, the one needing repairing, as mu as the other relieving.-Fuller. Worthies. London.

When Lord-privy seal, he brought the Court of Reques basket of Chancery, had in his time well nigh as much m into such repute, that what formerly was called the alm in, and quest about it (I mean suits and clients) as Chancery itself.-Id. Northamptonshire..

The second was an almner of the place:
His office was the hungry for to feed,
And thirsty give to drinke; a work of grace:
He feard not once himselfe to be in need.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. e.
He feeds yon alms-house, neat, but void of state,
Where age and want sit smiling at the gate.-Pope. Ep
They live, and live without extorted alms
From grudging hands; but other boast have none,
To sooth their honest pride, that scorns to beg;
Nor comfort else, but in their mutual love.

Cowper. Task, b He [Yeldard] was educated in grammar and singing, boy of the almonry, or chorister, in the Benedictine conv now the dean and chapter of Durham. Warton. Life of Sir T. Pope, App. No. A'LOES. Fr. Aloès; It. Aloè; Sp. A Lat. Aloe; Gr. Axon, which some derive f the Gr. aλs, the sea, because in places near sea it principally grows; but Vossius think from the Hebrew, Ahaloth.

Aloe is an hearbe which hath the resemblance of the onion, but it is bigger, and the leaves be more gross and chamfered and channelled biais all along.

ALOFT, ad. ALOFT, prep.

Holland. Plinie, b. xxvii.

On loft, luft, or lyft, i. e the luft or lyft. A. S. I the heavens, the air.

The weder was fulle soft, the wynde held tham stille The saile was hie o loft, thei had no wynde at wille. R. Brunne, P.

We mygte be lordes aloft, and lyve as us lusten.

For he that stant to daie alofte,

Piers Plouhman,

And all the worlde hath in his wones,
To morowe he falleth all at ones

Out of riches in to ponerte.-Gower. Con. 4. b. iv.

The thirde of aier, after the lawe,

Through suche matere as is vp drawe

Of drie thynge, as it is ofte,

Amonge the cloudes vpon lofte.- Id. Ib. b. vii.

And yet for the shorte whyle yt we be vpward and lord howe lusty and howe proude we be, buzzing busily, like as a humble bee flieth about in summer, ware that she shall dye in winter. Sir T. More. Workes, p.

Then with expanded wings he steers his flight
Aloft, incumbent on the dusky air,

That felt unusual weight; till on dry land
He lights.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i.

For there is such a kind of difference betwixt shaded by a private, and shining forth in a publick 1 there is betwixt a candle carried aloft in the open ai inclosed in a lanthorn.-Boyle. Occ. Reflections, § 6. All hands unmoor! proclaims a boisterous cry, All hands unmoor! the cavern'd rocks reply. Rous'd from repose, aloft the sailors swarm, And with their levers soon the windlass arm. Falconer. Shipwrec

The sorwe of Dorigene he told him als,
How loth her was to ben a wicked wif,
And that she lever had lost that day her life.

Chaucer. The Frankeleines Tale, v. 11,902.

Also thei saien, there is an hell,
Whiche vnto mans sinne is due;
And bidden vs therfore eschewe

That wicked is, and do the good.-Gower. Con. A. Prol.
Alsoone may shepheard climbe to skie,
That leades in lowly dales,

As goteherd prowd, that, sitting hie,

Upon the mountayne sayles.-Spenser. Shep. Cal. July. To whose [Astoreth] bright image, nightly by the moon, Sidonian virgins paid their vows and songs,

In Sion also not unsung.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. i. A'LTAR, n. Fr. Aulter, Autel; It. Altare; Sp. Altar; Lat. Altare, from altus, high. A place raised. Applied to

A place, appointed to receive offerings to Jehovah, in the Jewish Theology; to the gods, in the Heathen Mythology: and also applied by many Christians to the place, where the sacrament of the Lord's Supper is administered.

The kyng wepte with his ine, that sight mykelle he praised, & siluer grete plente opōn the altere laid. R.Brunne,p.79. Men of Athenys bi alle thingis I se ghou as veyne worschiperis, for I passide and sigh ghoure mawmetis, and foonde an auter in which was writen to the unknowun God. therfore which thing ghe unknowinge worschipen this thing I schewe to ghou.-Wiclif. Dedis, c. 17.

Men of Athens, I perceaue that in all thinges ye are to supersticious. For as I passed by, and behelde the maner how ye worship youre goddes, I founde an aulter wherin was writte; vnto the vnknowen God. Whom ye then ignorantly worship, him shew I vnto you.-Bible, 1539. Ib. She with the mole all in her handes devout Stode neare the aulter, bare of the one foote, With vesture loose, the bandes vnlaced all.

Surrey. Virgile. Enæis, b. iv.

They come like sacrifices in their trimme,
And to the fire ey'd maid of smoakie warre,
All hot, and bleeding, will we offer them;
The mayled Mars shall on his altar sit
7p to the eares in blood.

Shakespeare. 1 Part Hen. IV. Act iv. sc. 1. Now did Ridley, Bishop of London, by his injunctions order the altars in his diocese to be taken down, as occasions of great superstition and error, and tables to be set in their room in some convenient places of the chancel or choir. Strype. Memorials. Edw. VI. an. 1550.

Now with a sacred cake and lifted hands,
All bent on death, before her altar stands
The royal victim, the devoted fair;
Her robes were gather'd, and one foot was bare.

Pitt. Virgil (ut supra). Orders were given, and rigorously insisted on, that the communion-table should be removed from the middle of the area, where it hitherto stood in all churches, except in cathedrals. It was placed at the east end, railed in, and denominated an altar.-Hume. Hist. of England, an. 1630.

Under smiling she was dissimulate
Prouocatiue with blinkes amorous
And sodainly chaunged and alterate,
Angry, as any serpent venomous,
Right pungitiue with words odious.

Thus variaunt she was who list take kepe
With one eye laugh, and with the other wepe.
Chaucer. Test. of Creseide, p. 195.

I call God to recorde against the daye we shall appeare before our Lorde Jesus to geue a reckoning of our doings that I neuer altered one sillable of Gods worde, against my cösciece, nor wold doe this day if all that is in earth, whether it be honour, pleasure, or riches, might be geuen me.-Frith. Workes. Letter from Tyndall, p. 118.

Now if ye be in verai dede turned frō euil trees into good trees, bryng ye foorthe good fruictes, such as maie testifie your hertes to bee truely altered into a better frame.

Udal. St. Luke, c. 3. Licurge, to thentent that theffect of his beneuolence, toward the comune weale of his countrey mought persist and continue, and that his excellent lawes beinge stablyshed, shulde never be alterate, he dyd lette swere all his people. Elyot. The Governour, b. ii. c. 9.

Nature that gaue the bee so feate a grace,
To finde honey of so wondrous fashion,
Hath taught the spider out of the same place
To fetch poyson by straunge alteracion.

Sir T. Wyatt. How by a Kisse, &c.
If prayers
Could alter high decrees, I to that place
Would speed before thee, and be louder heard,
That on my head all might be visited.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. x.

Be sure, our Saviour had never bidden his disciples to rejoice that their names are written in heaven; if there had not been a particular inrolment of them; or if that record had been alterable.-Bp. Hall. Balm of Gilead, s. 2.

Whether the body be alterant, or altered, perception constantly precedes operation; otherwise all bodies would be alike.-Bacon. Nat. Hist. c. 9. Introd.

It is not uneasy to name divers conditionate engagements, both of favours and judgments, wherein God hath been pleased to vary from his former intimations and such alteration doth full well consist with the infinite wisdom, mercy, and justice of the Almighty.

Bp. Hall. Temptations Repelled.

Simples are alterative or purgative. Alteratives are such as correct, strengthen nature, alter, any way hinder or resist the disease.-Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 367.

Revolving in his alter'd soul

The various turns of chance below; And, now and then, a sigh he stole ;

And tears began to flow.-Dryden. Alexander's Feast. By our applications we cannot pretend to produce any alteration in the Deity, but by an alteration in ourselves we may alter the relation or respect lying between him and us. Wollaston. Religion of Nature, § 5.

But besides these two divine hypostases already mentioned, Parmenides seems to have asserted also a third, which, because it had yet more alterity, for distinction sake, was called by him, neither ev To nav, One the universe or all, nor ἓν πάντα, One all things; but ἓν καὶ πάντα, One and all things.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, b. i. c. 4.

ALTERCATION, n. Fr. Alterquer, Altercation; It. Altercazione; Sp. Altercacion; Lat. Altercatio, from altercari, and this from alter, other; to say otherwise, different from, in opposition, or answer to: applied particularly where the debate or disputation is somewhat acrimonious: hence

Debate, strife, contention, dispute, wrangling. The parties wer so felle altercand on ilk side,

tide,

That non the soth couth telle, whedir pes or werre suld
Bot God that is of myght, & may help whan he wille.
R. Brunne, p. 314.

But atte laste, shortly for to sain, (As all day falleth altercation Betwen frendes in disputison) Ther fell a strif betwix his brethren two. Chaucer. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9349. We have had altercation and clamour enough: if any good might have been done by clamour and altercation, we have suffered on both parts more than enough.

Bp. Hall. Peace Maker.

And God made two great lights, great for their use
To man, the greater to have rule by day,

The less by night, altern.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. vii.
Affranius & Petreius did command

Those camps with equall power, but concord made,
Their gouernement more firme; their men obay'd
Alternally both generalls commonds.-May. Lucan, b.iv.
But fate does so alternate the design,
Whilst that in heaven, this light on earth must shine.
B. Jonson, Ode 88.

Mary then, and gentle Anne,

Both to reign at once began ;
Alternately they sway'd,

And sometimes Mary was the fair,
And sometimes Anne the crown did wear,

And sometimes both I obey'd.-Cowley. Chronicle.

-Here they slept

Fann'd with cool winds, save those who in their course Melodious hymns about the sovran throne

Alternate all night long.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. v.

For such alternations as are there us'd, must be by several persons; but the minister and the people cannot so sever their interests, as to sustain several persons; he being the only mouth of the whole body which he presents. Id. Apology for Smectymnuus.

An appeal alternatively made may be tolerated by the civil law as valid.-Ayliffe. Parergon.

While men conceive they [elephants] never lie down, and enjoy not the position of rest, ordained unto all pedestrious animals, hereby they imagine that an animal of the vastest dimension and longest duration, should live in a continual motion, without that alternity and vicissitude of rest, whereby all others continue.-Brown. Vulg. Err. b. iii. c. 1. -Nor can great Boileau's harp Of various sounding wire, best taught to calm Whatever passion, and exalt the soul With highest strains, his languid spirits cheer; Rage, shame, and grief alternate in his breast.

Philips, Blenheim.

Is not, Lorenzo! then, impos'd on thee This hard alternative, or to renounce Thy reason or thy sense; or to believe?-Young, Night 7 There was also a necessity of dividing the sections int verses, that they might be a direction both to the reader an the interpreter where to make their stop at every alternati reading and interpreting, till they had, verse by verse, gor through the whole section.-Prideaux. Connect. pt. i. b. v

In viewing this monstrous tragi-comic scene, the mo opposite passions necessarily succeed, and sometimes m with each other in the mind; alternate contempt and indi nation; alternate laughter and tears; alternate scorn a horror.-Burke. On the French Revolution.

Taken alternately, desolation by famine, and destructi Of which alternate construction I shall a by the sword. a remarkable example or two; where the parallelism ari from the alternation of the members of the sentences. Lowth. Isaiah. Preliminary I

ALTHOUGH, conj. All-though. Tho', thou thah, is the imperative Thaf or Thafig of the A. verb Thafian or Thafigan; to allow, permit, gra yield, assent, (Tooke, vol. i. p. 184.) See THOг All be it, or be it all, allowed, permitted, &c For many a man so hard is of his herte, He may not wepe although him sore smerte. Chaucer. The Prol. The Fr

For good counseill is good to here,
All though a man be wise hym selue,
Yet is the wisdome more of twelue.

Gower. Con. A. The I

In perils strange, in labours long and wide;
In which although good fortune me befall,
Yet shall it not by none be testifyde.
"What is that guest," quoth then Sir Artegall,
That you into such perils presently doth call?"
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. vi.
Cho. Although we wish the glory still might last
Of such a night, and for the causes past:
Yet now, great lord of waters, and of isles,
Give Proteus leave to turn unto his wiles.

B. Jonson. Neptune's Triu

Although indeed man was by his fault a great loser became deprived of high advantages; yet the mercy of did leave him in no very deplorable estate.

Barrow, vol. iii. Se

-Ev'n the favour'd isles

So lately found, although the constant sun Cheer all their seasons with a grateful smile, Can boast but little virtue.-Cowper. Task, b. i. ALTI'SONANT, adj. Lat. altus, high, sonans, sounding.

High sounding.

For it stood greatly with reason, seeing his lord and changed his estate and vocation, that he should alte wise his denomination, and get a new one, that were f and altisonant, as becomed the new order and e which he now professed.-Shelton. Don Quixote.

ALTITUDE, n. Lat. Altitudo, height, altus, high.

Height, exaltation, elevation, eminence. This word is frequent in the conclusion Astrolabie, by Chaucer.