Sir Alisander was hie dene of Glascow.-R. Brunne, p.337. On the 2d of June 1572, about eight in the morning, the duke was brought to a scaffold erected on Tower-hill, attended by Alexander Nowel, dean of St. Pauls.

State Trials. Duke of Norfolk, an. 1572.

But as the number of Christians increased, so first monasteries, than finallie parish churches were builded in euerie furisdiction: from whence I take our deanerie churches to hase their originall, now called mother churches, and their incumbents archpriests.-Holinshed. Desc. of Eng. b. ii. c. 1. A good pension was settled on the dean, until the said pension was redeemed, according to Denny's phrase, with the dignity of the deanery of Lincoln, afterwards conferred on him.-Strype. Life of Parker, b. i. c. 6.

Then we'll buy English silks for our wives and our daughters,

In spite of his deanship and journeyman Waters. Swift. An excellent New Song. The chief of them [the clergy constituting the chapter] who presided over the rest obtained the name of Decanus or Dean, being probably at first appointed to superintend ten canons or prebendaries.-Blackstone. Com. b.i. c. 11.

I call not to that heart which is a stranger to the throbs and yearnings of curiosity, so excited, to justify the abbess of Quedlingberg, the prioress, the deaness, and sub-chauntress for sending at noon-day for the trumpeter's wife. Sterne. Tristram Shandy. Tale of Slaukenburgius. DEAR, v. The old English verb to Dere, DEAR, R. A. S. Der-ian, is, nocere, lædere, DEAR, adj. to hurt, to do mischief. Dearth DEARLING.is the third pers. sing., and means DEARLY. some or any season or weather, DE'ARNESS. or other cause, which dereth or DEARTH. maketh dear, hurteth or doeth

mischief. See Tooke, ii. 409.

Dearth is applied, consequentially, to the scarcity or want, or barrenness, that is the consequence of the hurt or mischief done. And thus, dear is

Precious, costly, highly or greatly prized or valued, rated or esteemed; coveted or desired.

Tho ys moder yslaw was, me blamede hym therfore,
And seyde, that heo bogte hym dere, er he were ybore.
R. Gloucester, p. 68.

In this tyme was great deorthe

xii. d. an half peny loof was worthe.-Id. p. 589.

And said, now may ge lightly bere

Thise stones to schip, withouten dere.

R. Brunne, (from Wace.) Preface, p. 195.

And said tho stones thei salle haf here,
Theiralle bie tham first fulle dere.-Id. Ib. p. 193.
Thus ich awakede and wrot what ich hadde dremed
And dyghte me derly and dude me to churche

To huyre hollich the masse.-Piers Plouhman, p. 366.

Of deth ne of derthe, drad was he nevere.-Id. p. 280.

And ther was maad a cloude overschadowinge hem, and

a voice cam of the cloude, and seyde, This is my derworth

son: here ye him.-Wiclif. Mark, c. 9.

And ye shul bothe anon unto me swere,
That never mo ye shul my contree dere
Ne maken werre upon me night ne day.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1824.

And fell in speche of Telephus the king,
And of Achilles for his queinte spere,
For he coude with it bothe hele and dere.

Id. The Squieres Tale, v. 10,554.

And thre yere in this wise his lif he ladde,
And bare him so in pees and eke in warre,
There n'as no man that Theseus hath derre, [dearer.]
Id. The Knightes Tale.

For that is dere-bought honour.-Id. House of Fame, b.iii.

I may now too derely aby my negligence. Id. Remedie for Loue. And, as Seint Gregory sayth, that precious clothing is culpable for the derthe of it, and for his softnesse, and for his strangenesse and disguising, and for the superfluitee, or for the inordinate scantinesse of it.-Id. The Persones Tale.

For yet pen there things dwelled to thee ward, that no thyne owne life.-Id. Boecius, b. ii. thyn beth that they ne ben more dereworth to thee, than

For when I wote hir good estate,
As for that tyme I dare well swere,
None other sorowe mai me dere.-Gower. Con. A. b. i
Upon a day as he was mery,

And thus by sleight, and by conyne

Aros the derth, and the famine.-Gower. Con. A. b. v.

So thik it was with leves grene,
Might no rayn cum thar-bytwene,
And that grenes lastes ay,
For no winter dere yt may.

Ritson. Romances. Ywaine & Gawin, v. 358.
When thou in hand has the stane,
Der sal thai do the nane,

For the stane es of swilk myght;

Of the sal men have no syght.-Id. Ib. v. 744. Then cease we to bee sonnes of God, were we neuer so deare derelynges to him before, and shall neuer be hys sonnes agayne, till we mend againe, and leaue the fleshe agayne, and fall agayne, to the spyryte. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 700. It grieued Nature muche to see the dede, Me seems I see hir how she wept, to see hir dearling blede. Gascoigne. Flowers. In praise of Lady Sandes.

As though ther might him no thinge derie.—Id. Ib. b. vi.

Lowe nowe my sonne what it is,

A man to caste his eie amis:

Whiche Acteon hath dere abought.-Id. Ib. b. i.

VOL. I.

I know nothing to the contrary, but that it may be allowed for a good merchantable commodity considering there the small charge for the labour & feeding of men, the infinite store of wood, the want of wood & deerenesse thereof in England, and the necessity of ballasting of ships. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 269.

And when the vii. yeres of plenteousness that was in the lande of Egypte, were ended, then came the seuen yeres of derth accordynge as Joseph had sayd. Bible, 1551. Genesis, c. 12.

Golden quoifes, and stomachers,
For my lads to giue their deers.
Shakespeare. Winter's Tale, Act iv. sc. 3.
That I did loue thee Cæsar, O 'tis true.
If then thy spirit looke vpon vs now.
Shall it not greeue thee deerer then thy death
To see thy Antony making his peace,
Shaking the bloody fingers of thy foes?

Id. Julius Cæsar, Act iii. sc. 1.

O blessed sheepe, O shepheard great,
that bought his flocke so deare:
And them did saue with bloudie sweat,
from wolues that would them teare.

Spenser. Shepheard's Calendar. July.

DEA'URATE. Lat. Deauratus; Sp. Dorado; It. Dorato." Fr. Dore, gilt over; also, of gold, also, fair, beautiful, brightly shining," (Cotgrave.)

And while the twilight and the rows rede

Of Phebus light were deaurat alite

A penne I tooke.-Chaucer. The Blacke Knight. DEBACCHA'TIONS. Lat. Debacchari, to revel like a bacchanal. Fr. Debaccher, to rave, rage, rail, take on like a drunken man," (CotSee DEBAUCH. grave.)

What confidence can such have of the suffrage of the saints, who defile their holiday with most foolish vanities, most impure pollutions, most wicked debacchations, and sacrilegious execrations. Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, pt. i. Act vi. sc. 12, DEBA'R, v. Lat. De, and bar. (SeeBAR.) DEBA'RRING, n. Goth. and A. S. Bairg-an, beorg-an, birg-an, byrg-an, to bar, to defend, to guard.

R

To guard against, to prevent; to hinder.
But man alone, alas the hard stound,
Ful cruelly, by kinds ordinaunce
Constrained is and by statute bound
And debarred from all such pleasaunce.

Chaucer. The Floure of Curtesie. Your honour writeth of the debarring of your merchants at the seaport from their accustomed libertie of interchangeable trafficke and bartar.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 505.

Nature itself taught men to joyne alwayes well-favourednesse with profitablenesse. As in man, that joynte or piece which is by any chaunce deprived of his comlinesse, the same is also debarred of his use and profitablenesse. Ascham. The School of Shooting.

His song was all a lamentable lay,

Of great vnkindness, and of vsage hard, Of Cynthia the lady of the sea,

Which from her presence, faultlesse him debar'd. Spenser. Colin Clout's come home againe.

Whether God (who can turn the afflictions of his friends into advantages,) oppose the felicities of his enemies, and It is seldome seen that God allowes even to the greatestdebar their injustice to his adherents, since this last seems dearlings of the world a perfect contentment; something the lesser prerogative? they must haue to complaine of, that shall giue an unsavory verdure to their sweetest morsels; and make their very felicity miserable.-Bp.Hall.Cont. Esther suing to Ahasuerus.

1st Gent. His sute is only, sir, to be excus'd. Duke. He shall not be excus'd, I love him dearlier : Say we intreat him; goe, he must not leave us.

Beaum. & Fletch. Passionate Madman, Act ii. sc. 1. Surely it is no proper address to God, for perseverance in the state of grace, to expect this toleration of a friendship and dearness with our vitious nature.

Mountague. Devoute Essayes, pt. ii. Treat. 4. 8. 2. Hereby the Apostle not only debarred women from prophesying, but from any public function in the ecclesiastical jurisdiction.-Strype. Life of Aylmer, c. 13.

When we see men acting thus against the precepts of reason, and the instincts of nature, we cannot hesitate to determine, that by some means or other they were debarred from choice.-Johnson. On the State of Affairs in 1756.

DEBA'RE. Found only in Drant, and mean

Mountague. Devoute Essayes, pt. ii. Treat. 6. s. 2. ing simply bare, (qv.)

I have heard it credibly reported, he was told by a wizard, that could he but come to see the king's face again, he should be reinvested in his former dearness.

State Trials. Murderers of Sir T. Overbury, an. 1615.

The cormorant that lives in expectation Of a long wish'd-for dearth, and smiling grinds The faces of the poor, you may make spoil of, Even theft to such is justice.

Massinger. The Guardian, Act ii. sc. 4. The courtesie for which the Romans were to thank him, was, that out of Egypt they had lately been supplied with corn, in a time of extreme dearth; when the miseries of war had made all their own provinces unable to relieve them. Ralegh. History of the World, b. v. c. 4. s. 8.

'Tis hard to judge if Clymene were mov'd
More by his prayer, whom she so dearly loved,
Or more with fury fir'd to find her name
Traduced, and made the sport of common fame.
Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. i.
But the peace between the two kings, whatever mutual
dearnesses there had appeared, was but short.
Strype. Memorials, an. 1521.

For I find the dearth at this time was very great. Wheat was at four marks the quarter; malt, at two pound four shillings; pease, at two pound five shillings.

Burnet. Hist. of the Reformation, an. 1557.

Without being liable to any charge of want of zeal for the public service, he might have passed the rest of his days in the command to which he had been appointed in Greenwich Hospital, there to enjoy the fame he had dearly earned in two circumnavigations of the world.

Cook. Third Voyage, Introd.

To this cause he attributes a certain supposed dearness of the necessaries of life, which must compel our manufacturers to emigrate to cheaper countries, particularly France, and with them the manufacture.

But hell, and darknesse, and the grislie grave,
Is ignorance, the enemy of grace,

That mindes of men borne heavenlie doth debace.
Spenser. Tears of the Muses.
King Edward the Third in the sixteenth year of his reign
proclaimed, that no man should sell wool-fels or leather,
under such a price, so that these staple commodities might
not be debased, and this at no place but at Northampton and
Anwick.-State Trials. Great Case of Impositions, an. 1606.

Sam. So let her go, God sent her to debase me,
And aggravate my folly, who committed
To such a viper his most sacred trust
Of secresie, my safety and my life.

Milton. Samson Agonistes.
Record, thou spirit of truth,
With what debasement I have thrown myself
To under-offices, only to learn
The truth, the party, time, means, the place,
By whom, and when, and where thou wert disgraced.
Marston. The Malcontent, Acti. sc. 7.

What more debases man than to consecrate the flower of his esteem and affections to unworthy objects, and many times to things, wherein were no signs of life, much less any ray of divinity.-Bates. On the Existence of God, c. 1.

Is it for moral imperfections or blemishes; for vicious habits or actual misdemeanours? these indeed are the only Burke. On a late State of the Nation.debasements and disparagements of a man; yet do they not expunge the characters of divinity impressed on his nature. Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 27

DEARN. See DERNE.

And on the day of the Trinitie nexte suyng was a gret debaat (in the cite of Yorke saith Caxton) by Henaudys & Englysshmen, & in that murther ther were sleye in the erldom of Nychol iiii. skore.-R. Gloucester, p. 690.

Nother bost ne debat. beo among em alle.

Piers Ploukman, p. 379. Priuy backbiteris, detractouris, hateful to God, debatouris, proude and highe ouer measure.-Wiclif. Romaynes, c. 1.

And over that his cote-armoure
As white as is the lily floure,

In which he would debate.

Chaucer. The Rime of Sir Thopas, v. 267.

In this debate I was so wo
Me thought min hert brast atwaine.-Id. Dreame.

But sodeynly the wynde and rayne

Began vpon the sea debate.-Gower. Con. A. b. viii.
The queene is come: and whan she herde
Of this mater, how that it ferde,
She sigh debate, she sighe disease

But if she wolde hir doughter please.-Id. Ib.

When Lucifer was hest in heuen,

And ought moste haue stonde in euen,
Towardes God he toke debate.-Id. Ib. b. v.

And it fell that ilke tyme so,

That Rome had warres stronge
Ageyne Carthage, and stood longe

The two cities vpon debate.-Id. Ib.

Nowe commeth Tindall and seeth that they shalbe put to flyght and fayne to runne awaie, and therefore wilily prouideth a startyng hole, steppynge from payne and euident Scripture, theyr olde speciall playne euidente woordes vnto darke debatable termes of general pithe and substance. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 461. But yet if ye be so debatefull, and contencious, so desirous of transitorye thynges, whose contempte ye take vpon you. Udal. 1 Corinthians. c. 6. Sir Charles Daver charged him, [Henry Cuffe] when there was a debating of the several enterprizes, which they should undertake, that he did ever bind firmly and resolutely for attempting the court.-State Trials. Sir C. Blunt, an. 1600.

Whereby the vulgar may become so wise,
That (with a self-presumption overgrown)
They may the deepest mysteries debate,
Control their betters, censure acts of state.

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. vi. For brethren to debate and rip up their falling out in the ear of a common enemy, thereby making him the judge, or at least the well-pleas'd auditor of their disagreement, is neither wise nor comely.-Milton. Ans. to Eikon Basilikè.

So gan he to discourse the whole debate, Which that strange knight for him sustained had, And those two Sarazins confounded late, Whose carcases on ground were horribly prostrate. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 8.

And shortlie after, Sir James Liermouth was appointed to go as ambassador to England, to make complaint vpon certaine inuasions made by the borderers of England into Scotland, and also for the vsing of the debatable ground betwixt the two realmes.-Holinshed. Scotland, an. 1541. Debatefull strife, and cruel enmitie The famous name of knighthood fouly shend.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 6. Vpon the receipt of this most honourable inuitation and offer, there was much debatement in the chappell, where they sate vpon the earle's behalfe, whether he should accept thereof or no.-Speed. Hen. III. b. ix. c. 9. s. 89.

Out idle words, servants to shallow fools!
Unprofitable sounds, weak arbitrators!
Busy yourselves in skil-contending schools;
Debate where leisure serves with dull debaters.

Shakespeare. The Rape of Lucrece.

They scoffe at all mature delayes, and meditated debateings of matters by consultation, and deliberation; as a thing too much tasting of an oratory veine; and full of tediousness; and nothing conduceing to the summe and issues of businesse. Bacon. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. viii. c. 2.

In midst of all the dome, Misfortune sate,
And gloomy Discontent, and fell Debate.

Dryden. Palamon & Arcite.

Whereas the petitioners were called up by several and respective writs, under great penalties to attend in Parliament; and have a clear and indubitable right to vote in bills and other matters whatsoever debatable in parliament by the ancient customs, laws and statutes of this realm. Clarendon. Civil War, vol. i. p. 351.

As I am only giving an opinion on this point, and not at all debating it in an adverse line, I hope I may be excused in another observation.-Burke. Of the present Discontents.

At London you may see men sauntering in the Court of Requests, while the most important debate is carrying on in the two houses; and many do not think themselves sufficiently compensated for the losing of their dinners, by all the eloquence of our most celebrated speakers.

Hume. Ess. On Eloquence.

I am grown too old to think of figuring as a parliamentary debater.-Anecdotes of Bp. Watson, vol. ii. p. 162.

DEBAUCH, v. DEBA'UCH, N. DEBAUCHEDLY. DEBAUCHEDness. DEBAUCHE E. DEBAUCHER. DEBAUCHERY. DEBAUCHING, . DEBAUCHMENT. DEBAUCHTNESS.

Variously written in our elder writers; Debois, debosh, debauch. Cotgrave, in v. Debaucher, refers to baucher, which he explains; to rank, order, array, lay evenly. Minshew thinks the Eng. Debosh, and Skinner, the Fr. Desbaucher, also to be compounded of de or des, and baucher; and to signify,-to put out of rank or order; to turn from the right way. Bauche, Skinner thinks, is the Lat. Abacus ; Series lapidum vel laterum juxta positorum mensiformis. The Lat. Debacchari,-to revel like a bacchanal; Fr. Debaccher, seems to present a more simple etymology. See DEBACCHATION.

"Fr. Desbaucher, to debosh, mar, corrupt, spoyle, viciate, seduce, mislead, make lewd, bring to disorder, draw from goodness," (Cotgrave.)

Witty.

- Oh fie cozen,

These are ill courses, you are a scholar too?
Cred. I was drawn into 't most unfortunately,
By filthy deboist company.

Beaum. & Fletch. Wit at several Weapons, Act iv. sc. 1. My purse shall bear me out; a lazy life

Is scurvy and debosh'd.-Ford. Lady's Trial, Act v. sc. 2. But haughty she did this just match despise, Her pride debauch'd her judgment and her eyes. Cowley. Davideis, b. iii. But stage-playes, if we take them in their very best conception, had their rise, their pedigree, and being from idolatrous infidels, and the deboisest Pagans, who were the Deuil's factors in this seruice.

Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, pt. i. Act i. sc. 2.

Consider, dear brethren, whether it be iust, that out of that mouth of Christians where the body of Christ doth enter in, a deboist song should be brought forth, as the very | poyson of the Devill.-Id. Ib. Act v. sc. 9.

They are generally men, who by speaking against the French, inveighing against the debauches of court, talking of the ill management of the revenue, and such popular flourishes, have cheated the countrys into electing them. Marvell. Works, vol. i. p. 539.

To live severely with the melancholy, merrily with the pleasant, gravely with the aged, wantonly with the young, desperately with the bold, and debauchedly with the luxurious.-Cowley, Ess. 1. Of Liberty.

Although it be true, (of great men especially,) that they are the last that know the euills of their owne house, yet either it could not be when all Israel rung of the lewdnesse of Elie's sonnes, that hee onely should not know it, or if hee knew it not, his ignorance cannot be excused; for a reasonable restraint might haue preuented this extremity of debauchednesse. Bp. Hall. Cont. Eli and his Sonnes.

What hope can the city have of those youth, the debauchlness of whose lives hath not been prevented by good education.-Scott. Ess. On Drapery, p. 157.

ing, amorous dancing, healthing, dicing, idlenesse, stage In a word, those who make a kind of conscience of drinkplayes, and of every sinne at other times, deeme it a part of their piety to make no bones of these, of any deboistnesse or prophanenesse now.

Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, pt. i. Act viii. sc. 3.

To live civilly and piously in the middest of wicked men, and not to joyne with them in the same excesse of sinne and riot of dissolutenesse and deboistnesse that they run into-with sundry other particulars which I prætermit: are now infallible arguments and symptomes of a rank Puritan.

Then thou strong debaucher, and seducer of youth, witness this easie and honest young man.

B. Jonson. Bartholomew Fayre, Act v. sc. 6.

The face of the court was much chang'd in the change of the king; for King Charles was temperate, chaste, and serious; so that the fooles and bawds, mimicks and catamites of the former court grew out of fashion; and the nobility and courtiers, who did not quite abandon their debosheries, had yet that reverence to the king, to retire into corners to practice them.

Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson.

Whereas a king must be ador'd like a demigod, with a dissolute and hauty court about him, of vast expence and luxury, masks and revels, to the debauching of our prime gentry, both male and female; not in their pastimes only, but in earnest, by the loose employments of court-service, which will be then thought honourable.

Milton. Free Commonwealth.

He that repents instantly, breaks his habit when it is in debauchment and disimprovement ovo, in the shell, and prevents God's anger, and his own

Bp. Taylor. On Repentance, c. 6. s. 2. But thou in time th' increasing ill control, Nor first debauch the body by the soul; Secure the sacred quiet of thy mind And keep the sanctions Nature has design'd.

Dryden. Ovid. Met. b. x. The truth of characters, the beauty of order, and the simple imitation of nature, were in a manner wholly unknown to 'em; or thro' petulancy, or debauch of humour, were, it seems, neglected and set aside.

Shaftesbury. Advice to an Author, pt. ii. s. 2.

Could we but prevail with the greatest debauchees amongst us, to change their lives, we should find it no very hard matter to change their judgments.-South, vol. i. Ser. 6.

These philosophers, above all other men, have rendered the human mind, the flatterer, the deceiver, and the debaucher of itself, blanda adulatrix, et quasi lena sui.

Bolingbroke. On Human Knowledge.

On the contrary, there is too much cause to fear, that they are not at all sincerely and really desirous to be satisfied in the true state of things, but only seek, under the pretence and cover of infidelity, to excuse their vices and debaucheries; which they are so strongly inslaved to, that they cannot prevail with themselves upon any account to forsake them. Clarke. On Natural and Revealed Religion, Introd. Not so Silenus from his night's debauch, Fatigu'd and sick, he looks upon his watch With rheumy eyes and forehead aching sore.

Wilkie. A Dialogue.

No better Spanish Cacus sped,
For all his wondrous strength,
Whom Hercules from out his realme
Debelled at the length.

Warner. Albion's England, b. ii. e. §
Him long of old
Thou didst debel, and down from heav'n cast
With all his army.-Milton. Par. Reg. b. iv.

They desire (King Edward growne aged) not to seeme by sitting still upon so many thornes of disgrace, & losse, to inferiour, yet not to haue beene clearely debellated. haue been ouer-warred, and though in two or three battels

Speed. Edw. III. b. ix. c. 12. s. 138. [The example of Hercules] doth notably set forth the consent of all nations and ages, in the approbation of the extirpating and debellating of giants, monsters, and foreign tyrants, not only as lawful, but as meritorious, even of divine honour: and this although the deliverer came from one end of the world unto the other.-Bacon. Holy War.

DEBELLISH, v. Only found in G. Fletcher; opposed to embellish, (qv.)'

Id. Ib. pt. i. Act viii. sc. 7.

knew them, [they] turned open debauchees.

Jack. Wyll, this knave is drunke, let us dresse him, Let us riffell him so, that he have not one pennie to bless him,

And steale his debenters too.-Edwards. Damon & Pithias.

Nay, farther, they are grown to that extremity, as is affirmed, though it be scarce credible, save that in such persons all things are credible, that they will take double poundage, once when the debenture [debentur, old ed.] is inade, and again the second time when the money is paid. Bacon. Speech touching Purveyors.

"Then vengeance seize this head of mine,
If I have heard or can divine-
Yet, prithee, where are Cæsar's bands
Allotted their debenture-lands?"

DE'BILE, adj.
DEBILITATE, v.
DEBILITA'TION.

Debilitating, n.
DEBILITY.

Francis. Horace, b. ii. Sat. 7. Fr. Debile; Lat. Debilis, quasi dehabilis.

Weak, feeble, faint, in

firm.

To debilitate,-to weaken, to enfeeble, to lessen or diminish the strength, firmness or debility.

Imoderate watch drieth to moch the body, and doth debilitate the powers animall.-Sir T. Elyot. Castel of Helth, b. ii.

For so it was, that for his feblenesse or debylyte of age, be, by councell of physycyons, was sowyd in a shete wasshyd with aqua vite, to the ende to cause his olde body to catche naturall hete.-Fabyan, an. 1389.

For that I have not wash'd

My nose that bled, or foyl'd some debile wretch, Which without note here's many else haue done, You shoot me forth in acclamations hyperbolicall. Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act i. sc. 9. Mine expectation, presently, without forsaking me, forged and sought out for another hope, that might sustain me, although it were debile and weak. Shelton. Don Quixote, b. iv. c. 13.

Seeing then hee hath violated all articles of the peace, it was law full for mee, according to my agreement, to recover what was mine owne, and to debilitate his power by all means.-Prynne. Treach. & Disloy. of Papists, pt. iii. p. 28.

Which he also acknowledges in these words: That if the crown upon his head be so heavy as to oppress the whole body, the weakness of inferior members cannot return any thing of strength, honour, or safety to the head; but that a necessary debilitation must follow.

Milton. An Answer to Eikon Basilikè. Nor imagine I,

A worse thing to enforce debilitie,

Then is the sea: though nature neere so strong Knits one together.-Chapman. Homer. Odyssey, b. viii. It seems more probable, that without any such strengthening of the pressure of the outward air, the taking quite away or the debilitating of the resistance from within, may suffice to produce the effects under consideration.

Vor he was mek & mylde ynou, and vayr of fles & felle, [skin]

Debonere to speke wyth, & wyth pouere men mest.
R. Gloucester, p. 287.

With eyen glad, and browes bent, Her heere downe to her heles went, And she was simple as doue on tree, Ful debonaire of hart was shee.-Chaucer. Rom. of the R. The remedie agenst ire, is a vertue that cleped is mansuetude, that is, debonairtee: and eke another vertue, that men clepen patience or sufferaunce.-Debonairtee withdraweth and refreineth the stirrings and mevings of mennes corage in his herte, in swich maner, that they ne skip not out by anger ne ire.-Id. The Persones Tale.

Tell me alway, er that I fro thee go,

If any dettour hath in min absence

Ypaide thee, lest thurgh thy negligence

I might him axe a thing that he hath paid.

Chaucer. The Shipmannes Tale, v. 13,327.

So now to be vnder the lawe, is not to be able to fulfill the law, but to be detter to it, and not able to pay that, which the law requireth.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 47.

The walles are built, the time is come,
The priests their money craue;
Laomedon forswears the debt
And naughty language gave.

Warner. Albion's England, b. i. c. 4.
Here's the note

How much your chaine weighs to the vtmost charect;
The finenesse of the gold, and chargefull fashion
Which doth amount to three odde duckets more
Then I stand debted to this gentleman.

Shakespeare. Comedy of Errors, Act iv. sc. 1.
Faire damzell, that with ruth (as I perceiue)
Of my mishaps, art mou'd to wish me better,
For such your kind regard, I can but rest your detter.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. v. c. 5.

The duty of praise and thanksgiving considered absolutely in itself is, I say, the debt, and law of our nature. Atterbury, vol. i. Ser. 1.

Debtors thus, with like design,
When they never mean to pay,
That they may the law decline,
To some friend make all away.

about you most debonairly.

Ford. Love's Sacrifice, Act ii. sc. 1. "Tis but natural for this most debonair and generous dealing to requite one another with good words at least, or with some demonstrations of esteem. Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 33.

There is not the least of the divine favours, which, if we consider the condescensive goodness, the clear intention, the undeserved frankness, the chearfull debonairity expressed therein, hath not dimensions larger than our comprehension, colours too fair, and lineaments too comely for our weak sight thoroughly to discern.-Id. vol. i. Ser. 8.

For to that seminary of fashions vain,

The rich and.noble from all parts repair, Where grown enamour'd to the gaudy train, And courteous haviour gent and debonair, They cast to imitate such semblaunce fair.

West. On the Abuse of Travelling.

I believe so, said I.-Then I'll go to the duke, by heaven! with all the gaiety and debonairness in the world. Sterne. Sentimental Journey. See BRAID.

But after full three hours ineffectual labour, the jeers broke, and the men being quite jaded, we were obliged, by mere debility, to desist, and quietly to expect our fate, which we then conceived to be unavoidable.

Anson. Voyage round the World, b. iii. c. 4. Sometimes the body in full strength we find, Whilst various ails debilitate the mind.

Jenyns. On the Immortality of the Soul, b. i.

By the constitution of nature, which may properly be considered as indicating the will of God, all excess in sensual indulgences tends to the depravation of the mind, and to the debilitation of the body, and may, on that account, be esteemed repugnant to the will of God.

Anecdotes of Bp. Watson, vol. ii. p. 162. DE BITE, n. i.e. Deputy, (qv.) And see DEBT. There was then no kyng in Edom, the kynge was but a debite. Bible, 1551. 3 Kings, c. 22.

When the debyte had redde the letter, he asked of what countre he was.-Id. Acts, c. 23.

And yet he wyll be taken and estemed for the vicar and debyte of Christ.-Udal. Reuelacion, c. 17.

DEBONAIR. DEBONAVIRITY. DEBONA'IRLY. DEBONA'IRNESS.

Bonere was formerly in use. See it. Skinner says, "De bon aire, i. e. of good temper or disposition; but Junius seems to accede to Menage, who conceives it to be formed from Low Lat. Debonarius, used for bonus. The It. Bonario, bonarietà, correspond to the Fr. Débonnaire, debonnaireté. In Boecius (b. iii. met. 9,) Chaucer translates, Tu requies tranquilla piis; thou art pesible rest to debonnaire folk. The word is now used as in Cotgrave: nd see the second quotation from Chaucer. "Fr. Débonnaire, courteous, affable; gentle, ild; of a sweet or friendly conversation," (Cot. ave.)

And the unclene spirit debreydynge him and cryinge with a gret voys wente out fro him.-Wiclif. Mark, c. 1.

DEBT, n. DEBTED, adj. DE/BTLESS. DEBTOR. DE'BIT, V.

Fr. Debt; It. Debito; Lat. Debitum, past part. of debere. (See To OwE.) Vossius says, Debeo, is from de, and habeo ; quasi de alio habeo. In like manner from præ, and habeo, is præhibeo, by contraction præbeo.

A debt, -any thing had or held of or from another, his property or right, his due: that which is owed to him; which ought at some time to be delivered or paid to him.

To debit, in accounts,-to put or write down as

a debt.

That Roberd, ne none of his, salle ask Henry the kyng This dette on non wise, peny no ferthing. R. Brunne, p. 99. Neode hath no lawe. ne nevere shal falle in dette. Piers Plouhman, p. 392. And the Lord hadde mercy on that servant, and suffride him go, and forgat to him the dette.-Wiclif. Matth. c. 18. Britheren I nyle that ghe unknowe that ofte I purposide fruyt in ghou as in othere folkis to Grekis and to barbaryns to wise men and to unwise men I am dettour.

to come to ghou, and I am lett to this tyme that I have sum

Wiclif. Rom. c. 1.
This worthy man ful wel his wit besette;
There wist no wight that he was in dette,
So stedfastly didde he his governance
With his bargeines, and with his chevisaunce.
Chaucer. The Prologue, v. 282.

Of which ther was a dosein in that hous,
Worthy to ben stewardes of rent and lond
Of any lord that is in Engelond,
To maken him live by his propre good,
In honour detteless.
Id. The Prologue, v. 584.

So that since the allegory of books has been employed by the best authorities, we may consider the provisions of heaven as an universal bank, wherein accounts are regularly kept, and every man debited or credited for the least farthing he takes out or brings in.

Search. Light of Nature, vol. ii. c. 28.

[The English, in France, may be permitted,] to be their brokers and factors, and to be employed in casting up their debits and credits, while the master republick cultivates the arts of empire, prescribes the forms of peace to nations, and dictates laws to a subjected world.

To pay out of the purse or burse; to expend.
But if so chance thou get nought of the man,
The widow may for all thy charge deburse.

Wyatt. How to use the Court. Make the estimation and accompte of the expences that were made in that same army, as well by the cytie generally as by the capytaynes and souldyars in particulere, to witt, of the charges, whyche the cytie had debursed for that preparation.-Nicoll. Thucydides, fol. 157.

Yet we do wish recompence to be made to such as have debursed sums of money to these unjust possessors, so that the same had not been given of late, in prejudice of the church, or no collusion used.

Spotswood. Church of Scotland, an. 1560.

A certain sum was also promised to be paid to the Earl of Ormond, in consideration of what he had debursed for the

army.-Ludlow. Memoirs, vol. i. p. 193.

DE CACHORD, n. Į Gr. Akя, ten, and DE'CACHORD, adj. Sxooon, intestinum; chord or string.

See the first example.

a

It signifies decachord, or instrument of ten strings. Hammond. Annot. on Psalm 33.

And so all the antient interpreters uniformly render it: the lxxii. ev аλтnριw deкαxopów, on a decachord psaltery. Id. Ib.

DECADE. Gr. Ackα, ten; Lat. Decas; Fr. Decade; It. Decade, from Aex-eolai, capere: quia comprehendat ac capiat omnia numerorum genera. (See Tooke, ii. 205.) And see TEN.

Of their crueltie mention is made in the booke of decades, of a frier, who taking vpon him to persuade the people to subiection, was by them taken, and his skin cruelly pulled ouer his eares, and his flesh eaten.

Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. iii. p. 517. Liuie in the seuenth of his first decade, speaketh of an huge person which made a challenge as he stood at the end❤ of the Anien bridge, against any Romane that would come out and fight with him, whose stature was not much inferiour to that of Golias.-Holinshed. Britaine, b. i. c. 5.

So small their number, that if wars were ceas'd,
And Greece triumphant held a general feast,
All rank'd by tens, whole decads when they dine
Must want a Trojan slave to pour the wine.

Pope. Homer. Iliad, b. ii.

The first five hundred, who had shewn the greatest marks of cowardice, he divided into fifty parts, and put one in each decad to death, to whose lot it might happen to fall; thus reviving an ancient custom of military punishment which had been long disused.-Langhorne. Plutarch. Lives.

DE CADENCE. Į DECADENCY.

Lat. De, and cadens, past part. of cadere, to fall. A falling into disuse, into ruin, decay, (qv.)

But it is now thought even by the English themselves that the race of their poets is extinct: every day produces some pathetic exclamation upon the decadence of taste and genius.-Goldsmith. Citizen of the World, Let. 39.

• That morning we arrived at Burgos, the ancient capital of the kingdom of Castille, but long since abandoned by its princes to obscurity and decadency.

Swinburne. Spain, Let. 44. DECALOGUE. Fr. Décalogue; It. and

DECA'LOGIST. }Sp. Decalogo, Lat. Deca

logus; Gr. Aekаλоуоs; from deka, ten, and Aoy-os, sermo; because it contains

The Ten Discourses or Commandments of God, (Minshew.)

Whatsoeuer one findeth of another man's, he should restore it agayne to him that lost it: and many other such like precepts, whereby we learne to liue well and Godly, and especially, that decaloge which is contayned in the ii. tables of stone.-Barnes. An Epitome of his Works, p. 368.

Among the ten Commandments in the decalogue, that which enjoins obedience from children to parents, hath only

a benediction (of longevity) added to it.

Howell, b. i. s. 6. Let. 24, In which notes he made an early discovery of his civil, historical, ecclesiastical, ritual, and Oriental learning, together with the Saxon, French, Italian, Spanish, and all Eastern languages; through which he miraculously travelled, without any guide, except Mr. Dod, the decalogist.

Account of J. Gregory. Preface to his Posthuma, 1650.

The grossest kind of slander is that which in the decalogue is called bearing false testimony against our neighbour; that is, flatly charging him with facts the which he never committed, and is no-wise guilty of.-Barrow, vol. i. Ser.17. DECAMERON. Fr. and Sp. Décaméron; It. Decameron; Gr. Aeкаμероv; from deкa, ten, and μepos, part; because divided into ten parts. Cle. When were you there?

Dan. Last night; and such a decameron of sport fallen out, Boccace never thought of the like.

B. Jonson. The Silent Woman, Act i. sc. 3. DECA/MP, v. Opposed to Camp, or Encamp, (qv.) A. S. Campian; Fr. Camper, to pitch a

camp.

To take down or remove a camp; and, generally, to quit or leave any place; to move off.

Letters from Lisbon advise, that the army of the king of Portugal was at Elvas on the 22d of the last month, and was to decamp on the 24th, in order to march upon the enemy, who lay at Badajos.-Tatler, No. 11.

After such a stain upon the convent, it was not to be supposed it could subsist any longer; the fathers were ordered to decamp, and the house was once again converted into a tavern. Goldsmith, Ess. 5.

If a murderer touch a church wall (and many walls are church walls in this city) [Naples] before he is seized by the officers, Holy Church will not suffer him to be hanged, and if one man stabs another in the sight of ten witnesses, they all decamp, and leave the coast clear to the assassin. Priestley. On History, Lect. 47.

Pertaining to a dean, (Lat.
See DEAN.

DECA'NAL. Decanus,) or deanery.

The chief mourner in a chair at the head; the two attendants at the feet; the pall-bearers and executors in the seats on the decanal side; the other noblemen and gentlemen on the cantorial side.

DECA'NTER.

Malone. Life of Sir J. Reynolds.

DECANT, v. Serenius 66 Ex, de, and Sulo. Goth. Kanna, cantharus," as if poured out of a can; but to cant, (see CANTON,) among mechanics, is to raise on the edge or corner.

To decant, is to pour, draw off or drain from a vessel, by tilting, lifting or raising one end of it: by general usage, from one bottle to another of a different description-called a decanter.

Let it stand there some three weeks or a month, till by fermentation it have both purged itself upwards, and by sediment downwards. Then decant from it the clear juyce. Reliquia Wottonianæ, p. 454.

But these azure-coloured liquors should be freed from the subsiding matter, which the salts of tartar or urine precipitate out of them, rather by being decanted, than by filtration.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 745.

To taste the tasted, and at each return Less tasteful? O'er our palates to decant Another vintage. Young. The Complaint, Night 3. DECAPITATE. Į "Fr. Décapiter; to deDECAPITATION. Scapitate, to behead," (Cotgrave.) Lat. Caput; Gr. Kepuλn.

To take off or away, to cut off, the head, or top. See CAPITAL. Hedge-row ashes may the oftener be decapitated, and snow their heads again sooner than other trees so used. Evelyn, i. 7. 8. 2. It is better to lose life by decapitation, than to desert a prince, and criminally seek to gain his dominion.

Sir W. Jones. Suhridbheda, or Breach of Friendship. DE CARD. See DISCARD.

DECARDINALIZE. To remove from the rank, to deprive of the rank, of cardinal, (qv.)

The matter was taken up by the king himself, and the cardinal clapt up in a bastile, where the king saith he shall abide to ripen; for he is but young, and they speak of a bull that is to come from Rome to decardinalize him. Howell, b. i. s. 2. Let. 19. DECARNATION. The putting off, stripping off, or, as the author says, devesture of carnality, (qv.) or fleshliness, fleshly lusts.

For God's incarnation inableth man for his own decarnation, as I may say, and devesture of carnality.

Mountague. Devoute Essayes, Treat. 2. s. 1. DECA'STICH. Gr. Ackα, ten, and σTixos, which, Vossius says,-ordinem ac versum notat. A poem of ten lines or verses.

I suddenly fell upon the ensuing decastich, which if your lordship please, may have room among the rest. Howell, b. i. s. 6. Let. 31. Fr. Décheoir; Sp. Decaer; It. Decadere; Lat. Decad-ere, (de and cadere,) to fall. See DECADENCE.

DECAY, v. DECA'Y, n. DECAYEDNESS. DECA'YER. DECA'YING, n.

To fall from, to fall away, to decrease, to diminish, to lessen; to wane, to waste, to wither.

The wall and all the citie within
Stante in ruine, and in decaies,

The felde is where was the palais.-Gower. Con. A. Prol.

And now though on the sunne I drive,
Whose fervent flame all thinges decaies,
His beames in brightnesse may not striue,
With light of your sweete golden rayes.

Surrey. The Constant Louer lamenteth. Wyked people brynge a cytye in decaye, but wise men sette it vp agayne.-Bible, 1551. Proverbs, c. 29

O who would e'er have thought, that time could have decay'd Those trees whose bodies seem'd by their so massy weight To press the solid earth, and with their wond'rous height To clime into the clouds.-Drayton. Poly-Olbion, s. 23. His falling temples have you rear'd

The withered garlands tane away His altars kept from the decay, That envie wish'd, and nature fear'd.

B. Jonson. Under-woods. An Elegie. Many other members of both houses, some upon their lowness and decayedness of their fortunes, others to get name and reputation to be in the number of reformers, (amongst whom they doubted not all places of honour, or offices of profit, would be bestow'd,) most upon the confidence, that all would be ended without a blow, by the king's want of power to gather strength, desir'd and obtain'd command of horse or foot.-Clarendon. Civil War, vol. i. p. 703.

Poverty in wedlock, is a great decayer of love and conten-
tation; and riches can find many waies to divert an incon-
venience; but the mind of man is all.-Feltham, pt.i. Res.65.
Let others of the world's decaying tell,
I enuy not those of the golden age,
That did their careless thoughts for nought engage,
But cloy'd with all delights, liu'd long and well.
Stirling. Aurora, s. 98.

I give the sign, and struggle to be free:
Swift row my mates, and shoot along the sea;
New chains they add, and rapid urge the way,
Till, dying off, the distant sounds decay.
Pope. Homer Odyssey, b. xii.

Methinks e'en now I view some free design,
Where breathing Nature lives in every line:
Chaste and subdued the modest lights decay,
Steal into shades and mildly melt away.

Collins. An Epistle to Sir Thomas Hanmer. Throughout the whole vegetable, sensible, and rational world, whatever makes progress towards maturity, as soon as it has passed that point, begins to verge towards decay. Blair, vol. i. Ser. 12.

DECEASE, v. Į Lat. Deced-ere, decessum, DECE'ASE, n. to go away, (de, and cedere, to go.) It. Decedere; Fr. Décéder, to depart, (sc.) from life. Fr. Décez, a departure from life.

To go away, to depart from, (sub.) life; and thus, to die.

& if that Henry die, or Steuen mak his deses, Henry heyr we seie salle haf the lond in pes.

R. Brunne, p. 126.

Of your charytye pray for the sowle of James Stanley, sometymes Byshop of Uye and Wardeyn of Manchester, who decessed thys transytory wourld the xxii of March yn the yere owre Lord God MDXV. Wood. Athena Oxon. In St. John's Chapel.

But he must proue vs, that hys forswearyng of our Sauiour. yet shoulde not haue letted him from saluacion, although he hadde furthwith vpō that dede deceased without repentaunce, or any remembraunce after that sinne. Sir T. More. Workes, p. 603.

Moreouer, now thy freend deceassyd lieth with corps on ground,

Alas vnware thou art, and al thy fleete he doth confound. Phaer. Virgill. Eneidos, b. vi. For they vse to marrie their sister by the father's side onely, and also the wife of their father after his decease. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 55.

O all ye blest ghosts of deceased loves,
That now lie sainted in the Eclesian groves,
Mediate for mercy for me.-F. Beaumont. An Elegy.
And I, the whilst you mourne for his decease,
Will with my mourning plaints your plaint increase.
Spenser. The Ruins of Time, s. 34.

And here may I be allowed to mention one matter, though of no great account, yet shewing a privilege of the Archbishops of Canterbury with relation to the Bishops of his province deceasing; which was, that upon the death of every such Bishop, his best ring, save one, and all his seals became due to the Archbishop.-Strype. Life of Grindall.

I have not yet been in a place called Westminster-abbey but soon intend to visit it. There, I am told, I shall se justice done to deceased merit; none, I am told, are per mitted to be buried there, but such as have adorned as we as improved mankind.

Goldsmith. Citizen of the World, Let. 12

The Romans had [the custom] to deify and adore thei emperors, most of them after their decease, and some o them during their lives, even though they were the viles of mankind.-Jorlin. Remarks on Ecclesiastical History.

Than said Kyng Philip tille alle tho of France,
Of gile this is a trip of Richard deceyuance.

R. Brunne, p. 156
The folk out of France to Normundie were comen,
To R. deceyuance his londes haf thei nomen.-Id. p. 195
Whan this thing was grant, Henry dred disceite,
He wild, that his conant [covenant] were holden stable
Id. p. 139.
That fyrst man deceyvede. thourgh frut and false by-heste
Piers Plouhman, p. 310
Were the bisshop blessid.
Hus sele sholde nogt be sent. in deceet of the puple.

streite.

Id. P.

And Jhesus answerde and biganne to seye to hem loke ye that no man desceyve you. For many schulen come in my name seiyng, that I am & thei schulen desceyve manye. Wiclif. Mark, c. 13. For many disseyuers wenten out into the world which knowlechen not that Jesu Crist han come in fleische: this is a disseguer and Anticrist.-Id. 2 Jon, c. 1.

And he biheeld the disseyt of hem: and seide to hem, what tempten ye me? Schewe ye to me a peny. Id. Luk, c. 20.

For all this worlde gouerne we
And can the folke so well deceiue

That none our gile can perceiue.-Chaucer. Rom. of the R. Shee cruell Fortune casteth adoun kinges, that whylome weren ydrad, and shee deceivable enhaunceth vp the humble cheere of him that is discomfited: ne shee neither hereth Le recketh of wretched wepings.-Id. Boecius, b. ii.

And for they, yf thou seemest fayre, thy nature ne maketh nat that, but the desceiuaunce of the feblenesse of the eyen that looken.-Id. Ib.

The book saith, that som men (han taught hir deceivour, for they han to muche dreded) to be deceived. Id. Tale of Melibeus.

Joab by deceipt slough Abner, for drede he shulde bee With King Dauid suche as was he. Id. Ib. b. ii. Eve hym whose commyng is by the worckynge of Satan, wt all lyuinge power, sygnes and wonders: and in all deceauableness of vnrighteousnes amonge the that perysh, because they receaued not the loue of the truthe, that they might haue bene saued.-Bible, 1551. Thessalonians, c. 2. He is the moste crafty deceyuer and perellous hypocrite sewed and blown to gither of all lyes, falshed, and gyle. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 8.

As for men, they are but vayne, men are dysceatful; vpo the weyghtes they are altogether lyghter than vanyte it selfe.-Bible, 1551. Psaime 62.

Why hast thou then not onely publyshed and declared vs 23 traytoures but also craftely and deceitfully imagined, purposed and conspired the vtter destruccion and confusion of our persones.-Hall. Hen. IV. an. 3.

Who so hoordeth vp ryches with the dyseatfulnes of his tog, he is a foole, and lyke vnto them yt seke their owne death-Bible, 1551. Prouerbes, c. 21.

Syr, sayd the constable, he shewed me soo fayre semblaunt that I durst not refuse it. Constable, sayd the Duke of Borgoyne, in fayre semblauntes are grete decepcyons: I reputed you more subtil than I take you now.

Berners. Froissart. Cronycle, vol. ii. c. 86.

To this adde that precept of Aristotle, that wine be forbore in all consumptions; for that the spirits of the wine do prey upon the roscide juyce of the body, and intercommon with the spirits of the body, and so deceive and rob them of their nourishment.-Bacon. Naturall Hist. § 55.

O ever failing trust

In mortal strength! and oh what not in man
Deceivable and vain!-Milton. Samson Agonistes.

And certainly this Devil of light is now gone abroad into the world with all that power and deceivableness he can, and we cannot but with sad and bleeding hearts observe his too general prevalency and success.

Hopkins. Practical Expos. of the Lord's Prayer.

Hence with thy brew'd enchantment, foul deceiver
Hast thou betray'd my credulous innocence,
With visor'd falshood and base forgery?
And would'st thou seek again to trap me here
With liquorish baits fit to ensnare a brute?

Milton. Comus.

The deceiving of the senses, may be set down as one of the delights of the senses. Bacon. On Learning, by G. Wats, b. iv. c. 2.

But the hypocrisie which I mean, is, first, that which is opposite to (and incompatible with) sincerity; first the deceiving of men, with a pretence of piety putting off the most unchristian sins, having no more of Christianity than will serve to mischief others, i. e. only the pretence of it to disguise the poison of a bitter heart. Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 218. What man so wise, what earthly wit so ware, As to descry the crafty cunning traine, By which Deceit doth mask in vizour faire, And cast her colours dyed deepe in graine, To seem like Truth, whose shape she well can faine, And fitting guestures to her purpose frame, The guiltless man with guile to entertain.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 7.

Such when as Archimago them did view,
He weened well to worke some vncouth wile;
Eftsoones vntwisting his deceitfull clew,

He gan to weaue a web of wicked guile.-Id. Ib. b.ii. c.1. So do we find in this man's practice, who first inveigled the merchants, drawing them to Diep to be inthralled; then dealt deceitfully with the king to colour his offences, his design being against Rochel and the religion.

State Trials. Duke of Buckingham, an. 1626. There is no greater argument of the deceitfulness of our hearts than this, that no man can know it all; it cosens us in the very number of its cosenage. Bp. Taylor, vol. ii. Ser. 7. pt. ii.

Sith yet there is a credence in my heart,
An esperance so obstinately strong,
That doth inuert that test of eyes and ears;
As if those organs had deceptious functions.

Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act v. sc. 2.
My Muses, here your sacred raptures end,
The verse was what I ow'd my suff'ring friend.
This while I sung, my sorrows I deceiv'd,
And bending osiers into baskets weav'd.

Dryden. Virgil, Past. 10. That, says he, any man induced by some specious reason should be of opinion, that it is the part of a learned physician rather to accommodate his medicines as occasions suggest, than to insist upon some certain prescripts, is a deceivable assertion, and which attributes too little to experience, too much to judgment.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 244.

Surely, if these things prove true, [namely, whereof he was accused,] let me be registered to my perpetual infamy, not only for a most notorious deceiver, but such an hypocrite as never trod upon the earth before. Strype. Life of Whitgift, an. 1596.

A modest blush he wears, not form'd by art,
Free from deceipt his face, and full as free his heart.
Dryden. Juvenal, Sat. 11.
But suffer us, whose younger minds ne'er felt
Fortune's deceits, to court her as she's fair:
Were she a common mistress, kind to all,
Her worth would cease, and half the world grow idle.
Otway. The Orphan, Act ii. sc. 1.
They take themselves for injur'd when we dare
Make them think better of us than we are;
And if we hide our frailties from their sights,
Call us deceitful jilts and hypocrites.

Rochester. Artemisia to Chloe. There was few or none of the philosophers, who did not signify his dislike or contempt of the vulgar opinions and practices concerning religion: what Cicero saith of one part, the wiser part did judge of all: "the whole business was deceitfully forged either for gain, or out of superstition, or from mistake."-Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 14.

But sin, by that deceitfulness which the Apostle speaks of

in the text, hides its deformed appearances from the eyes of foolish men; and sets before them nothing but pleasures and profits, joy and vanity, present security, and very distant, very uncertain, very remote fears. South, vol. ix. Ser. 11.

But as for popular errours, they are more neerly founded upon an erroneous inclination of the people, as being the most deceptible part of mankind, and ready with open arms to receive the encroachments of errour.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. i. c. 3.

Now though our coming judgments do in part undeceive us, and rectifie the grosser errors which our unwary sensitive hath engaged us in, yet others are so flesht in us, that they maintain their interest upon the deceptibility of our decayed natures, and are cherish't there as the legitimate issues of our reasonable faculties.

Glanvill. The Vanity of Dogmatizing, c. 8.

But then, as the shadow still attends the body, so there is no one thing, relating either to the actions or enjoyments of man, in which he is not liable to deception.

South, vol. vi. Ser. 1. But what account shall a man give of himself for living perpetually in disguise; for deceiving all about him, and using the speech,-which God gave him for better purposes, to impose on the weakness and folly of mankind. Sherlock, Dis. 36.

In what Christian country is charity the ruling principle with every man in the common intercourse of civil life, insomuch that the arts of circumvention and deceit are never practised by the Christian against his brother, nor the appetites of the individual suffered to break loose against the public weal, or against his neighbour's peace? Horsley, vol. iii. Ser. 40.

But when I think

What rocks in secret lie-what tempests rise On love's deceitful voyage; my timid soul Recoils affrighted, and with horrour shuns Th' inviting calm.-Smollet. The Regicide, Act iii. s. 6. But we cannot even suppose them fallacious, without vio. lating our nature: nor, if we acknowledge a God, without impiety; for in this supposition it is implied, that we suppose the Deity a deceiver.-Beattie. On Truth, pt. i. c. 2. s. 1.

Let such sort of writers go on, at their dearest peril, and sport themselves in their own deceivings; let them, at their peril, make a jest at the Bible, and treat the sacred articles of Christianity with scoff and merriment. Watts. Improvement of the Mind, pt. i. c. 18.

I consent to put into the scale of regal prerogative, all the deceptive verbal criticism from words no longer clearly understood, all the volumes of precedents of irregular and condemned practices.

Hargrave. Case of Impositions. Collection of Tracts. It is to be feared, that the sciences are above the comprehension of children, and that this mode of education, to the exclusion of the classical, is ultimately deceptive. V. Knox. Remarks on Grammar Schools.

DECE/MVIRI.

DECE/MVIRAL.

DECE/MVIRATE.

DECE'MVIRSHIP.

Lat. Decem, ten, and viri, men. Ten men appointed (see the quotations from Holland's Livy) to draw up a new code of laws for the Roman government. By this time were the embassadours returned with the Athenian lawes. And therefore the tribunes were so much the more earnest and urgent, that once at length they would set on, to describe and put down some lawes. And agreed it was, that there should be created decemvirs, above all appeale and for the yeare being, there should no other officers and magistrates be in place.-Holland. Livivs, p. 109.

But before they went out of the cittie, the decemvirall lawes, (which now are knowne by the name of the twelve Tables) they set up openly to be seene, engraven in brasse. Id. Ib. p. 127.

This man [Fabius] having been in times past of great worth, both at home, and also in warre; the decemvirship, and the conditions of his colleagues together, had so greatly changed, that he chose rather to bee like Appius than himself.-Id. Ib. p. 115.

They [says Cicero, speaking of the twelve Tables] amuse the mind by the remembrance of old words and the portrait of ancient manners; they inculcate the soundest principles of government and morals; and I am not afraid to affirm, that the brief composition of the decemvirs surpasses in genuine value the libraries of Grecian philosophy.

Gibbon. The Roman Empire, c. 44. This I promise, that, if such a decemvirate should ever attempt to restore our constitutional liberty by constitutional means, I would exert in their cause, such talents as I have, and even if I were oppressed with sickness, and torn with pain, would start from my couch, and exciaim with Trebonius, "If you mean to act worthily, O Ronians! I am well."-Sir W. Jones. Leiter to Lord Althorp.

Fitness, becomingness, appropriateness, suitableness, (sc.) to time, place, and circumstances.

And therefore Daniel lykeneth bothe Mahumete & the Pope vnto that horne which hath manis eyes, that is, to fayre decente semely shewe of vtwarde deuotion (as they saye) of laudable rites and God's holy seruice.

Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 7.

And all pastimes generally, which be joyned with labour used in open place, and on the day light, containing either some fitte exercise for warre, or some pleasant pastime for peace, be not onlie comlie and decent, but also verie necessarie for a courtlie jentleman.

Ascham. The Schole Master, pt. i.