A present personal detriment is so heavy, where it falls, and so instant in its operation, that the cold commendation of a public advantage never was, and never will be a match for the quick sensibility of a private loss.

Burke. On Economical Reform.

DETRUDE, v. Į Lat. Detrudere, to thrust DETRU'SION. down; de, and trudere, to

thrust.

To thrust or push down.
And theim to cast and detrude sodaynly into continual
captiuitie and bondage.—Hall. Rich. III. an. 3.
But such as are detruded down to hell,
Either for shame, they still themselves retire;
Or ty'd in chains, they in close prison dwell,
And cannot come, although they much desire.

Davies. Immortality of the Soul, s. 32.

And if it be true, that philosophy would inform us of, it turns a man a witch, and leaves him not, till it leads him into the very condition of Devils, to be detruded heaven for his meerly pride and malice.-Feltham, pt. ii. Res. 56.

At that very time did this Hildebrand (otherwise Gregory) by the instigation of the Devill (as himselfe confessed at his death,) (witnesse Cardinall Benno and Sigebert) trouble the Church: belike with the violent obtrusion of this doctrine of Devils (prohibition of marriage) and insolent detrusion of imperiall authority.

Bp. Hall. The Honour of the Married Clergy. That way of speaking would agree yet worse with the notions of those philosophers who allow of transmigration, and are of opinion that the souls of men may, for their misearriages, be detruded into the bodies of beasts, as fit habitations, with organs suited to the satisfaction of their brutal inclinations.-Locke. Of the Hum. Understanding, b. ii. c. 27. He may feed him well, clothe him well, work him moderately; but my lords, nothing that the master can do for his slave, short of manumission, can reinstate him in the condition of man, from which man ought not to be detruded. Bp. Horsley. Speech on the Slave Trade. DETRUNK, v. Lat. Truncus; that which DETRUSCATE. is left of the tree, when DETRUNCATION. the boughs or branches are lopped off, (Vossius.) Cockeram, Detruncate,-to cut or lop boughs. Detruncation,—a lopping or cutting.

Yet to my selfe I seme not madde

nor from my witte a iote.

No more semed Agaue to her selfe
When she of dolefull chylde,
The head detrunete, dyd beare about;
she thought her selfe full mylde.

Drant. Horace, b. ii. Sat. 3. This can never prove either any interpolations in the former, or detruncations in the latter.

Biblioth. Bibl. (Ox. 1720,) p. 58.

The examples, thus mutilated, are no longer to be considered as conveying the sentiments or doctrine of their authors; the word for the sake of which they are inserted, with all its appendant clauses, has been carefully preserved; but it may sometimes happen, by hasty detruncation, that the general tendency of the sentence may be changed: the divine may desert his tenets, or the philosopher his system. Johnson. Pref. to his Dictionary.

DETUMESCENCE. Lat. Detumere, to cease to swell; de, and tumere, to swell.

Where it is observable also, that the wider the circulating wave grows, still hath it the more subsidence and detumescence, together with an abatement of celerity; till at last all becomes plain and smooth again.

Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 581. DETURBATE, v. Lat. De, and turba; Gr. TupBn, a tumult. See Disturb.

And where is now (Maister Cope) this your reiecting, expeling, remouing, expulsing, exempting, deturbating, and thrusting out of Anatholius, Sanct Dorothæ, and other holie saints out of catalogues, fastes, and calendars.

Fox. Martyrs, p. 535. A Def. of the Lord Cobham. DETURN, v. "Fr. Destourner,—to turn, divert, distract, avert, withdraw, dissuade," &c. (Cotgrave.) See DETOUR.

While the sober aspect and severity of bare precepts deturn many from lending a pleased ear to the wholesome doctrine; and what men swallow with delight, is converted into Bourishment.-Digby. Of Man's Soul, c. 3.

DETURPATE, v. Lat. De, and turpis; Fr.
DETURPATION. Déturper.

To defile, to pollute, to contaminate.

The Church of England] being ashamed of the errors, superstitions, heresies, and impieties, which had deturpated the face of the Church; looked in the glass of Scripture and

pare antiquity, and wash'd away those stains with which

me, and inadvertency and tyranny had besmear'd her.

Bp. Taylor. A Dissuasive from Popery, pt. i. c. 1.

And the remaining part have passed through the limbecks and strainers of hereticks, and monks, and ignorants, and interested persons, and have passed through the corrections and deturpations and mistakes of transcribers. Bp. Taylor. Rule of Conscience, b. ii. c. 3.

DEVA'ST, v.

Lat. Devastare, (de, and DEVA'STATE. vastare, to waste, to lay waste.) DEVASTATION. Of Vastare Vossius gives no satisfactory account; it is probably of Northern origin;-A. S. Westen, desertum, (a waste, qv.) a desert. Ger. Wusten, werwuesten; Dut. WoeFr. Gaster; It. sten, ver-woesten, to lay waste. Guastare; Sp. Gastar.

To lay waste, to ravage, to demolish, to destroy, to plunder.

Can they

Look on the strength of Cundrestine defac'd?
The glory of Heydon-hall devasted? that
Of Edington cast down.

Ford. Perkin Warbeck, Act iv. sc. 1.

And after seventeene yeares civill wars, to the devastation of the realme, King Stephen and Henry the sonne of Maude came to a treaty at Wallingford, where by the aduise of the lords they made this accord; that Stephen if he would, should peaceably hold the kingdome during his life.

Prynne. Treachery, &c. pt. i. p. 94.

He with the rest of his Almains, in their journey had devoured and consumed it, with over-doing every kind of service, by raising great displeasure, devasting and spoiling the emperor's country of Leige, and his subjects there. Strype. Memorials. Edw. VI. an. 1552.

There shall they stand bare and devested of all their phantastry, their splendid pomp, their numerous retinue, their guards, their parasites.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 38.

DEVE'X, n. Lat. Devehere, devexum, to carry down; de, and vehere, to carry. Fr. Déverité, Cotgrave interprets, Eng. "Devexity, a hollowness, bowing, bending, hanging double or downwards." Devexity occurs in Davies's Wit's Pilgrimage.

Vpon the westerne lands (Following the world's deuexe) he meant to tread, To compasse both the poles, and drinke Nile's head, But Death did mete his course. May. Lucan, b. x. Lat. De, and via, from or out of the way. Fr. Desvier, -to mislead or put out of the way.

DEVIATE, v. DEVIATION. DE'VIOUS. DE'VIOUSLY. DE'VIOUSNESS. DE'VIANT.

To go out of the way, to err, to go astray, to wander.

Dame (said I) I dare well saie
Of this auaunt me well I may,
That from your schole so deuiaunt
I am, that neuer the more auaunt
Right nought am I through your doctrine.

Chaucer. The Rom. of the Rose.

I now could wish (but that utinam is too late) that God with his outward goodness towards me had so commixed his inward grace that I had chused the medium path, neither inclining to the right hand, nor deviating to the left. State Trials. The Earl of Strafford, an. 1640.

den and irresistible, so dismal and amazing a devastation, as in all the circumstances of it is scarce to be parallel'd in any history.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 9.

The thirty years' war that devasted Germany, did not begin till the eighteenth year of the seventeenth century, but the seeds of it were sowing some time before. Bolingbroke. On the Study of History. The countries devastated, the cities laid in ruins, and none of the colleges of the learned to be found. Id. Ess. Human Reason.

If the passion of the ministers lie towards peace, our political writers breathe nothing but war and devastation, and represent the pacific conduct of the government as mean and pusillanimous.-Hume. Of the Liberty of the Press. DEVELOPE, v. Į Perhaps from Devolvere, DEVELOFLMENT. deorsum volvere, to roll back; and thus, unfold, open, any thing enveloped or rolled in a volume. Evolvere, is suggested in Menage. Invelope, is from involvere, to roll in; a word which Skinner had seen only in the Dictionary.

"Fr. Desveloper, développer,—

To unwrap, unfold, undo, open, shew forth, display, spread abroad," (Cotgrave.)

Then take him to develop if you can, And hew the block off and get out the man. Pope. The Dunciad, b. iv. To develope the latent excellencies, and draw out the interior principles of our art, requires more skill and practice in writing, than is likely to be possessed by a man perpetually occupied in the use of the pencil and pallet. Sir J. Reynolds, Dis. 15. But I must here, once for all inform you, that all this will be more exactly delineated and explained in a map, now in the hands of the engraver, which, with many other pieces and developements of this work will be added to the end of the twentieth volume.-Sterne. Trist. Shandy, vol. i. c. 13.

DEVE'ST, v. Lat. Devestire; de, and vesDEVE'STURE. tire, to clothe. (See DIVEST.) "Fr. Desvestir, dévestir,-to uncloath, despoyle, deprive; disseise, dispossess of," (Cotgrave.) To strip, to denude, to free or deliver from.

The proud man cannot chuse but reverence the meek, the debauch'd man the temperate, the greatest self-seeker him that most devests himself of all his self-interests.

Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 146.

They know not how to devest it [auricular confession] from its evil appendages, which are put to it by the customs of the world.-Bp. Taylor. Diss. from Popery, pt. i. b. i. § 11.

And though she [Mary] were by Powlet her keeper devested of all the badges of dignity and royalty, and made no more account of then the poorest woman of the meanest condition; yet she endured it with great patience of mind.

Camden. Elizab. an. 1586. (The very disadvantage we have more then pure spirits [have] in the devesture of self-respects) may be converted into a conducement to the value of our purity. Mountague. Devoute Essayes, pt. i. Treat. 14. s. 3.

He would therefore heartily wish both for prince and peotions from their own channels, that they who are injured would content themselves with gentle applications, and moderate remedies, lest the last error be worse than the first. Clarendon. Civil War, vol. i. Pref. p. 7. Then easterly

He turns his course, paths deuious marching over,
Where regions vast Candauia does discouer.

May. Lucan, b. vi.

Whose heart is so estranged from reason, so devious from the truth through perverse error, that he may not understand it to be lesse evill to goe to plow, or to digge, to sow, or do other country workes on the solemnities of the saints, then not to honour, but to prophane their solemne festivals with such horrible obscenities?

Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, pt. i. Act vi. sc. 12. But where nature any way deviateth from this method, either by denying motion to the eyes, or the head, it is a very wonderful provision she hath made in the case. Derham. Physico-Theology, b. iv. c. 2.

Like my fellow Miscellanarians, I shall take occasion to vary often from my proposed subject, and make what deviations and excursions I shall think fit, as I proceed in my random essays.-Shaftesbury. Miscellaneous Reflections, c. I. For while o'er devious paths I wildly trod, Studious to wander from the beaten road, I lost my dear Creusa, nor can tell From that sad moment, if by fate she fell.

Pitt. Virgil. Eneid, b. ii.

DE'VIL, n. DE'VILING, n. DE'VILISH. DE'VILISHLY. DE'VILISHNESS. DE/VILISM. DE'VILIZE.

Devil, frequently by our old authors written Divell. Fr. Diable; Sp. Diablo; It. Diavolo; Lat. Diabolus; Gr. Alaßoλos, a traducer, a ca lumniator. Introduced into the northern as well as south ern languages. Goth. Diabulus; A. S. Deoful; Dut. Dieffle; Ger. Duyvel, Sw. Diefwul. The Gr. Aaßoλos, from diaßaλA-e trajicere; and (met.) traducere, to traduce, to calumniate. And thus the Devil is appropriately and emphatically, the Father of lies. See the example from Wiclif.

DE'VILRY.

He syweth purlyche God that gef ys own lyf here, To sauy vs synneuol men fram the Deuil's poer. R. Gloucester, p. 173. And after sewed an helle brethe as hit seemed, and darknesse so that the monckes toke holy water, and drof away the maner deuelnesse.-Id. p. 415. Note.

May no deth this lord dere. ne no Deoveles queyntise. Piers Plouhman, p. 355.

Ye ben of the fadir the Deuel, and ye wolen do the desiris of your fadir; he was a mansleer fro the begynning, and he stood not in the treuthe, for the treuthe is not in him. Whanne he spekith lesyng, he spekith of his owne: for he is a liere and fadir of it.-Wiclif. Jon, c. 8.

Ye are of youre father the Deuyll, and the lustes of your father ye wyl do. He was a murtherer from the beginnynge, and abode not in the trueth, because there is no trueth in him. When he speaketh a lye, the speaketh he of his owne. For he is a lyar, and the father therof. Bible, 1551. Ib.

Yet women woll her bodies sell,
Soch soules goeth to the Deuill of helle.

Chaucer. Rom of the Rose.

For if ye wist

How dangerous it were to stande in his lyght

Ye would not deale wyth him [Enuious rancour] though that ye might;

For by his deuillishe drift and graceles provision
An holle realme he is able to set at dyuision.

Skellon. The Crowne of Laurell.

For he that hath the Devill to his father must neede have devillish children.-Latimer. Sermons, p. 9.

So that if we sinne not deuilishly against the Holy Ghost, refusing the doctrine which we cannot improue that it should not be true; but after the frailtie of man, there is no cause to dispair.-Tyndall. Workes, p. 393.

And thys was to terryfy, captiue, and snare the wretched consciences of me even to vtter desperatyon. And wher coulde haue bene sought oute a practyse of more dyuelyshnesse.-Bale. English Votaryes, pt. i.

We are sure that all those that go about to breake peace between realmes, and to bring them to warre are the children of the Deuill, what holy names soeuer they pretend to .cloke their pestilent malice withall: which cloking vnder hypocrisie is double deuilishnes.

Fox. Martyrs, p. 970. Tonstal's Ser. against the Pope. Now touching ye second point, where he calleth the Catholike church the Antichristian synagogue, and the vnwrytten verities starke lyes and deuitry: he hath already shewed & declared partly which thinges they be yt himself meneth by that name.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 1129.

Engender young deuilings.

Beaum. & Fletch, Knights of Malta, Act v. sc. 2. This Garnet, together with Catesby and Tesmond, had speech and conference together of these treasons, and concluded most traitorously and devilishly.

State Trials. Henry Garnet, an. 1606.

Unjust favours are no less injurious than derogations; he that should deify a saint, should wrong him as much, as he that should devilize him.-Bp. Hall. Remains, p. 13.

It is all one as if they had said; Baudry, heathenry, paganisme, scurrilitie and divelry it selfe is equall with God's word; or that Sathan is equipollent with the Lord.

Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, Act viii. sc. 6.

I answer; that though the Devils believed, yet they could not be saved by the covenant of grace; because they performed not the other condition required in it altogether as necessary to be performed as this of believing, and that is, repentance.-Locke. Reasonableness of Christianity.

San. The rogue's malicious, and wou'd have me marry her in spight; besides he's off and on at so devilish a rate, a man knows not where to have him.

Dryden. Love Triumphant, Act iv. sc. 1.

Hor. I beg your pardon, ladies, I was deceiv'd in you devilishly; but why, that mighty pretence to honour? Wycherly. The Country Wife.

His [Fowler's] works are these: " Dæmonium meridianum. Satan at noon, or Anti-christian blasphemies, antiscriptural divilisms, &c. evidenced in the light of truth, and punished by the hand of justice."-Wood. Athena Oxon.

-I think one sneezes.

Bell. One of the Devils, I warrant you, has got a cold with being so long out of the fire. Alon. Bless his Devilship, as I may say. Dryden. An Evening's Love. They believe that the Devil whom they call Satan, is the cause of all sickness and adversity, and for this reason, when they are sick or in distress, they consecrate meat, money and other things to him as a propitiation.

Cook. Voyage, vol. ii. b. iii. c. 9.

It is observable, that Herodotus, in particular, scruples not, in many passages, to ascribe envy to the Gods; a sentiment, of all others, the most suitable to a mean and devilish nature.-Hume. Nat. Hist. of Religion.

Doubtless the very Devils themselves, notwithstanding all the devilishness of their temper, would wish for a holy heart, if by that means they could get out of hell.

J. Edwards. Freedom of Will, pt. iii. s. 5. DEVIRGINATE. Į Low Lat. Devirginare, DEVIRGINA'TION. Satum, (de, and virgo, virginis, a maid or virgin.) To cause to be no longer a virgin; to deprive or rob of virginity.

By this grave learned father's verdict then it is most evident; that stage-playes devirginate unmarried persons, especially beautifull tender virgins, who resort unto them. Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, Act vi. sc. 3. He counterfeited the noise and cries of maidens, when they bee forced and suffer devirgination. Holland. Suetonius, p. 192.

Fair Hero, left devirginate,
Weighs, and with fury waits her state.

DEVI'SE, v. DEVI'SE, or DEVICE, n. DEVI'SABLE. DEVI'SER. DEVI'SEFUL. DEVI'SEFULLY. Devi'sing, n. DEVI'SOUR.

Marlow. Hero & Leander, s. 3. Fr. Deviser, to invent. Skinner says Divisare, (sc.) visum, i. e. oculos circumferre; to throw or cast around the sight, i. e. the eyes. Junius refers devise, ex cogitare, comminisci, to the same origin as the verb advise, i. e. the A. S. Wiss-ian, to be or cause to and in our older writers there is very little difference in the usage.

be wise, to wisse;

To invent, to contrive, to plan, to scheme; to lay or form plans, schemes or intentions; to imagine.

Whan he sauh he ne myght passe on non wise,
In thre parties to fight his oste he did deuise.
R. Brunne, p. 187.
Saith R. "Thou salle haue at thin owen deuys
Thi life I salle the saue." Isaac he did vprise.-Id. p. 167.
In alle kynne craftes, that he couthe devyse.

All these things well auised

enacted, and that had been of such force, should by the self

Now this was much misliked of the people, that a law

same maker and deviser of the same be again revoked and called in.-North. Plutarch, p. 148.

I thought, devis'd, and Pallas heard my prayer,
Revenge, and doubt, and caution work'd my breast;
But this of many counsels seem'd the best.
Pope. Homer. Odyssey, b. ix.

It was not consistent with these designs nor with the arts used to promote them, to let the Scriptures be much known; therefore legends and strange stories of visions, with other devices, were thought more proper for keeping up their credit, and carrying on their ends.

Burnet. Hist. of the Reformation, an. 1585. He [God] hath not prevented all exceptions or cavils devisable by curious and captious wits against it.

Barrow, vol. ii. Ser. 2,

It [Westminster Hall] is every where adorned with angels supporting the arms of Richard the Second, or those of Elward the Confessor; as is the stone moulding that runs round the hall, with the hart couchant under a tree, and other devices of Richard II.-Pennant. London, p. 116. DEVI'SE, or DEVIZE.

DEVIZE'E.

Piers Plouhman, p. 120.

DEVIZOR.

DEVIZABLE.

And in lyke maner, Kyng Dapeter dyde to hým vpon certayne coposicyons that were ther ordeyned, of the whiche the Prince of Wales was a mean bytwene them, and chefe deuysour thereof.-Berners. Froissart. Cronycie, vol. i. c. 231. But Godde hath not without our frute left such thinges vnknowen vnto vs, to quicken and exercise as Saint Austin saith, some mennes myndes in the study and deuising therevpon.-Sir T. More. Workes, p. 497.

Pompey had shewed him all the stratagems and policies of war possible for a good captain to device. North. Plutarch, p. 493.

He then devisde himselfe how to disguise;
For by his mighty science he could take
As many formes and shapes in seeming wise,
As euer Proteus to himselfe could make.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 2.
Who sate on high that she might all men see,
And might of all men royally be seen,
Vpon a throne of gold full bright and sheen
Adorned all with gemmes of endless price,
As either might for wealth haue gotten beene,
Or could be fram'd by workman's rare deuice.

Fr. Diviser; Lat. Dividere, isum, to part or divide; and thus applied to the partition of property, which a testator appoints by his will or testament; and also to the testament itself, (Spelman.) The application of the word is quite technical.

DEVOCATION. Lat. Devocare, to call away; de, and vocare, to call.

A calling away, inviting away.

He that makes it his business to be freed and released from all its [sorcery's] blandishments and flattering dertions, and endeavours wholly to withdraw himself from the love of corporiety, and too near a sympathy with the frail flesh; he by it enkindles such a divine principle, as lifts him up above the fate of this inferiour world, and adorns his mind with such an awfull majesty as beats back all enchantments.-Hallywell. Melampr. p. 97.

deuoyde of godly feare.

the Rose.

Drant. Horace. The Arte of Poetry, p. 28-
Why be not damned souls devoyd of sense.
If nothing can from wickednesse reclame,
Rather then fry in pain and vehemence
Of searching agony ?-More. On the Soul, b. iii. e.4.8.29.
A third is Phantasm, whose actions roll
On meaner thoughts, and things devoid of soul,
Earth, fruits, and flowers, he represents in dreams,
And solid rocks unmov'd and running streams.
Dryden. Ovid. Metam. b. x.

To be entirely devoid of relish for eloquence, poetry, c any of the fine arts, is justly construed to be an unpromising symptom of youth.-Blair. Lect. vol. i. Introd.

DEVOIR. From Lat. Debere, to be dueId. Ib. b. v. c. 9. Junius says, it is used by Chaucer for endeavour. "Do thou thy dever at the beste weie."-Clerics Tale, v. 8843.

The sonne and the mone
Don her devor day and nygth.-Piers Plouhman, p. 290.

Let him with ful intencioun
His dever done in ech degre,

That his frend ne shamed be.-Chaucer. Rom. of the Rose.

Tho were the gates shette, and cried was loude;
Do now your devoir yonge knightes proude.

Id. The Knightes Tale, v. 2600.

Rafe. Madam, if any service or devoir
Of a poor errant knight may right your wrongs
Command it, I am prest to give you succor,
For to that holy end I bear my armour.

Beaum. & Fletch. Knight of the Burning Pestle, Act ii. sc. 1.

You, unenslav'd to Nature's narrow laws,

Warm championess for freedom's sacred cause,
From all the dry devoirs of blood and line,

From ties maternal, moral and divine,

Discharg'd my grasping soul.-Savage. The Bastard.

And what if in order to compass such things, some little devoirs and assiduities are expected? is it not the general practice? And what every body submits to, can it be ignominious-Hurd. On Retirement, Dial. 2.

DEVOLVE, v.

DEVOLUTE.

DEVOLUTION.

Lat, Devolvere, lutum, to roll down; de, and volvere, to roll. And generally

To drop down, to fall down, to descend.

And thus was the worlde 47 yeris before Crystis birthe deuolued into the fourth monarchie called the Romane and last empyre.-Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 11.

And therfore when the seculare Anticristen kingdoms now begun in the Cristen emprour kings and princes be deuolued into the Turkis imperie, the shal that daye begin to springe, wherin the dead yet a sleape shal awake. Id. Ib. c. 12. Wherfore regarde well my soueraigne Lorde your just and true title to the realme of Fraunce, by Goddes lawe and mannes lawe to you lawfully diuoluted, as very heire to Quene Isabell your greate graundmother.

Hall. Hen. V. an. 2.

And last of all by the meanes of the Machabees, the kingdom and gouernment was deuoluted and brought into the priestes handes, who were the kinges and captaines ouer the people.-Fox. Martyrs, p. 329. Answer of the Prelates,&c.

For then might he as next heyre to his brother, haue lawfully and by iust title claymed the sceptre and diademe royall, which was his fathers, and after diuoluted to his elder brother.-Grafton. Hen. VII. an. 9.

Which was augmented by the alteration of the state of the sayd Richard, and the deuolution of the same, to Henry the Fourth.-Id. Hen. VIII. an. 34.

To whom by a moste iust and ryghte deuolucion, and dyscent of inheritaunce of the crounes of Englande, Fraunce, and Irelande, the tytle also of Defendour of the Feith, dooeth moste merely, most peculiarely, most specially, and moste directely beelong.-Udal. Preface unto the King's Maiestie.

When he [Cromwell] had finished his discourse, he deliver'd to them an instrument engrossed in parchment under his hand and seal, whereby, with the advice of his council of officers, he did devolve, and intrust the supreme authority of this Commonwealth into the hands of those persons therein mention'd.

DEVOTE, v.
DEVOTE, n.
DEVOTE, adj.
DEVOTARY.
DEVOTEDNESS.
Devotee.

DEVOTEMENT.
DEVOTER.

DEVOTING, N.

DEVOTION. DevoʻTIONAL. DEVOTIONALIST. DEVOTIONIST.

Clarendon. Civil War, vol. iii. p. 483.

DEVOTIOUSNESS. Devo'te, adj. DEVOUT, n. DEVO'UTFUL. DEVOUTLESSNESS. DEVOUTLY.

DEVOUTNESS,

In chyrche he was deuout ynow, vor hym ne ssolde non day abide,

That he ne hurde masse & matyns, & eueson, & eche tyde.
R. Gloucester, p. 369.
The Kyng Steuene agen thys dede, to holy chyrche drou,
And hys mass hurde vorst, myd deuocyon ynou.-Id. p.456.
Fiue gere he gaf pardoun, of peyns to be free,
That for him with deuocioun said Pater and Aue.
R. Brunne, p. 341.
And ich myself Cyvyle. and Symonye my felawe
Wollen ryden upon rectours. and ryche men devoutours.
Piers Plouhman, p. 33,
Prelates and preestes prayen. and by seche
Devoutliche day and nygt.-Id. Ib. p. 299.
Habite ne maketh neither monke ne frere,
But cleane life and deuocion
Maketh good men of religion.-Chaucer. R. of the Rose.
As custome was, the people ferre and nere
Before the noone, vnto the temple went
With sacrifice douout in their manere.

Id. The Testament of Creseide.

All this I put in his seruage
As to my lord, and did homage
And ful deuoutly I praid him.-Id. The Dreame.
And thus this double hypocrisie,
With his deuote apparancie

A vyser set upon his face.-Gower. Con. A. b. i. Yet, as she is, I humbly desire you to receiue her with your wonted and accustomed fauour at my handes, who always wil remaine most ready and deuoted to do your honour any poore seruice that I may. Hackluyt. Voyages, Ep. Ded. Wherefore I trust now by God's grace, somethyng more temperately to speake, desiring euery good man of hys charitie to help mee wyth his deuote prayer. Barnes. Workes, p. 318. Pure deuocio and vndefiled before God the father, is this; to visite the fatherlesse and wyddowes in theyr aduersitye, and to kepe hym selfe vnspotted of the worlde.

Bible, 1551. James, c. 1. I might diuide godlinesse into the hearing of God's worde, into praying deuoutly, and charitable dealing with all the world. Wilson. The Arte of Rhetorique, p. 112.

The last point of this armour be the darts of devoutlessness, unmercifulness, and epicurisme; which fly abrode in every place; for few or none there be that serve God devoutly.-Bp. of Chichester's Two Sermons, (1576,) sig. c. 6. b. You see I have but two, a son and her; And he is so devoted to his book,

As I must tell you true, I doubt his health.
Should he miscarry, all my hopes rely

Upon my girl.-Ford. 'Tis Pity She's a Whore, Act i. sc.3.

All his cares, actions, all his thoughts, are subordinate to her will and commandement; her most devote, obsequious, affectionate servant and vassall.

Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 519.

Onely (good master) while we do admire
This vertue, and this morall discipline,
Let's be no Stoickes, nor no stockes I pray,
Or so deuote to Aristotle's checkes

As Quid be an out-cast quite abjur'd.

Shakespeare. Taming of the Shrew, Act i. sc. 1. One professeth himself a devote, or peculiar servant to our Lord. Sir E. Sandys. State of Religion.

And then afford a liberal allowance to so many several idolatrous priests and devotaries for their several worships. Goodwin. Works, vol. iii. pt. i. p. 447.

The reason given by divines is, because thou hast devoted it to the Lord, the gift remains holy, and might not return to the world; for though thy person be not accepted, yet thy gift by thy devoting, is holy to the Lord, as were the censers, in the day of Corah.-Spelman. Works, Pref. p. 15. On top whereof a sacred chappell was, And eke a little hermitage thereby, Wherein an aged holy man did lie: That day and night said his deuotion, Ne other worldly business did apply.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 10.

There is another devotional passage cited out of Euripides, which contains also a clear acknowledgment of one selfexistent being, that comprehends and governs the whole world.-Cudworth. Intellectual System, p. 364.

This point being once admitted, it is but to give a religious turn to this natural softness, and you have the complete image of a French devotionalist. Coventry. Phil. to Hyd. Conv. 1.

I am not now urging you to that churlish and rigorous way of mortification, consisting only in a froward abstinence from the comforts and conveniences of this life, which some perhaps blind devotionists have too rigidly exercised, themselves with.-Hopkins. Ser. Rom. viii. 13.

By which 'tis clear what notion they had of e0eλo@pηokeια, to wit, that of devotiousness, piety. Hammond. Works, vol. i. p. 234.

'Tis done; his sacred hand he lifted up And round about on his devoto's dealt His bounteous blessing.-Beaumont. Psyche, c. 9. s. 139. Many ages after that, in the time of our Saviour lived old Simeon, to the age of ninety years: A devout man and full both of hope, and expectation. Bacon. Of Life and Death

For matters of religion, hee shewed himselfe a well deuouted Christian, and in each respect obedient and cheerefull in his prayers.-Stow. K. James, an. 1603.

Him Richard follows in the government,
Who much the glory of our arms increas'd,
And all his father's mighty treasure spent,
In that devoutful action of the east.

Daniel. Civil Wars, b. i.
Whose twilights were more clear than our mid-day,
Who dream'd devoutlier than most use to pray.
Donne. Funeral Elegies.
With flashing flames his ardent eyes were fill'd,
And in his hand a naked sword he held:
He cheer'd the dogs to follow her who fled,
And vow'd revenge on her devoted head.

Dryden. Theodore & Honoria.

At riper years he [Edward Dyer] studied and laboured much in chymistry, was esteemed by some a Rosie-crucian, and a great devotee to Dr. Job Dee and Edward Kelly astrologers and chymists.-Wood. Athene Oxonienses.

The true care of our souls consists in the constant and daily exercise of piety and devotion, both in private, and in public if there be opportunity for it, especially at proper times and upon more solemn occasions.

Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 34.

The devotional as well as the active part of religion is (we know) founded in good nature; and one of the best signs and causes of good nature is, I am sure, to delight in such pious entertainments.-Atterbury, vol. iv. Ser. 9.

He informs us, that the baptized were taught to say it [the Lord's prayer] by heart. And it is plain in many places of his works, that it was repeated once at least in every assembly of the faithful, the devouter sort of which met. at all the hours of prayer, thrice a day at least, and so often used the Lord's prayer in publick.

Comber. Companion to the Temple, c. v. s. 17.

But if so many examples out of all mankind will not suffice to make us praise him devoutly, and acknowledge him faithfully, let us lift up our eyes to the heavens, which are replenished with creatures more noble and glorious than we; yet all these make it their employment, and account it their delight to glorifie his name.-Id. Ib. vol. i. pt. i. s. 10. There are some who have a sort of devoutness, and religion in their particular complexion; and if such are talkative (as many times they are) they will easily run into such discourses, as agree with their temper, and take pleasure in them for that reason.-Glanvill, Ser. 1.

Is it possible for a prince or state, by calling upon or devoting themselves to God, to engage him to take upon himself the absolute, immediate, and as it were personal direction of their particular affairs.

Middleton. Defence of the Letter to Dr. Waterland, &c. All objects are therefore to be excluded, so far as attachments to them would be inconsistent with devotedness to our Maker.-Secker, vol. i. Ser. 6.

So that it was not merely the conjecture of theoretical divines, or the secret expectation of a few recluse devotees, but it was become the popular hope and passion, and like all popular opinions, undoubting, and impatient of contradiction.-Paley. Evidences, pt. i. c. 1.

Her devotement was the demand of Apollo, and the joint petition of all Greece.-Hurd. Notes on the Art of Poetry. O how loud

It calls devotion! genuine growth of night!
Devotion! daughter of Astronomy!
An undevout astronomer is mad.

Young. The Complaint, Night 9. When the devotional spirit falls in with a melancholy temper, it is apt to depress the mind entirely, to sink it in the weakest superstition, and to produce a total retirement and abstraction from the world, and all the duties of life. Gregory. Comparative View, p. 238.

You must seize with eagerness, and employ with alacrity, the few moments, you have to spare from business, in cultivating devout sentiments and virtuous habits, and sowing, silently and imperceptibly, in your soul the seeds of eternal life.-Porteus, vol. ii. Ser. 16.

Thus we see the devoutness of his mind, in his frequent retirement to solitary prayer; in his habitual giving of thanks; in his reference of the beauties and operations of nature to the bounty of Providence; in his earnest addresses to his Father, more particularly that short but solemn one before the raising of Lazarus from the dead; and in the deep piety of his behaviour in the garden, on the last evening of his life.-Paley. Evidences, pt. ii. c. 2.

In which his dextrous wit had oft been shown,
And in the wreck of kingdoms sav'd his own.
Dryden. Absalom & Achitophel.

We gather'd round and to his single eye,
The single eye that in his forehead glar'd
Like a full moon, or a broad burnish'd shield,
A forky staff we dexterously apply'd.

Addison. From the Third Eneid.

Like juggler's tricks, that have more or less appearance of being real according to the dexterousness and skill of him that plays them.-Sir W. Temple. Of Gardening.

Here strip, my children! here at once leap in!
Here prove who best can dash through thick and thin,
And who the most in love of dirt excel,

Or dark dexterity of groping well.-Pope. Dunciad, b. ii. Upon discovering them, we usually sent out our boat with a man in the bow, who was a dextrous diver: and as the boat came within a few yards of the turtle the diver plunged into the water, taking care to rise close upon it.

Anson. Voyage round the World, b. ii. c. 8. They smooth the plank very expeditiously and dexterously with their adzes, and can take off a thin coat from a whole plank without missing a stroke. Cook. Voyage, vol. i. b. i. c. 8. The dexterity of hand, indeed, even in common trades cannot be acquired without much practice and experience. Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. 10. DIABETES, n.; diabetical disease; from the Gr. Aaßnτns, from diaßawei, pertransire, to pass through.

Will they operate like the quack's medicine, which is equally good for a diabetes and a dropsy?

Hume. Ess. The Sceptic.

Of these most hellish & diabolick frutes, holy S. Paule admonished the Romains, in the firste chaptre of his Epistle vato them.-Bale. English Votaries, b. ii. p. 10.

If the diabolical imputation which the earl at his arraignment cast upon him, further moved him to impatiency than his wont was, or was fit, he desired them that heard it to pardon him, for the provocation made him to forget all bands of speech.-State Trials. Sir Christ. Blunt, an. 1600. For, in the wilie snake

Whatever sleights, none would suspicious mark,
As from his wit and native suttletie
Proceeding, which in other beasts observ'd,
Doubt might beget of diabolic pow'r
Active within, beyond the sense of brute.

Milton. Par. Lost, b. ix.

Or, if our souls are but particles and decerptions of our parents, then I must have been guilty of all the sins that ever were committed by my progenitors ever since Adam; and by this time my soul would have been so deprav'd and debauch'd, that it would be now brutish, yea diabolical. Glanvill. Pre-existence of Souls, c. 3.

For what man, who dares to stile himself a Christian, can be so diabolically absurd, so audaciously impious, so desperately prophane as to denie that to be abominable, perRicious, vndecent, and vnlawfull vnto Christians, which they haue renounced, and abominated in their baptism.

Prynne. Histrio-Mastix, pt. i. Act ii. Chorus.

Which, if they [astrology, fortune telling, &c.] had any reality in them, would be literally diabolical; and having no reality in them yet they are truly diabolical, as being cheats, delusions, and impositions upon mankind. Clarke, vol. ii. Ser. 122.

Here we see a fatal proof of the extreme barbarities to which the most diabolical sentiment of revenge will drive the natural tenderness even of a female mind.

Porteus, vol. ii. Lect. 14.

You must know that H-d-g-r, the manager of masquetades, is a devil disguised in human shape. I wonder he did not change his face as well as his body, but that retains its primitive diabolicalness. Dr. Warton. Satire of Ranelagh House.

And this new donation of the ecstacies of the saints was a tobie foundation for what he was now projecting, the farce d diabolisms and exorcisms.

Warburton. The Doctrine of Grace, b. ii. c. 3. DIA CHYLON. "Fr. Diaculon; a certain mollifying plaister, tearmed otherwise, Diachylon, because it is made of juices," (Cotgrave.) Gr. az, and Xuños, succus, juice, from xvew, to pour.

He must not be discouraged by the difficulty of reading the Indian letters, for the characters are in reality the same with those, which our books are printed in, and are only rendered difficult by the frequent omission of the diacritical points, and the wants of regularity in the position of the words. Sir W. Jones. Preface to Persian Grammar.

DIADEM. Fr. Diadème; It. and Sp. DIADEMED. Diadema; Dut. and Ger. Diadem; Lat. Diadema; Gr. Aiadnua, from Aladeiv, to bind around (dia, and dev, ligare, to bind.) Properly, says Minshew, it signifieth a wreathed hatband, with which the ancient kings contented themselves, as thinking the crowne only belongs to their gods.

And David shal be diademyd. and daunten alle oure enemyes. Piers Plouhman. p. 60. And lo a greet reed dragoun that hadde seuene heedis and ten hornys, and in the heedis of hem seuen diademys. Wiclif. Apocalips, c. 11. And in suche wise his light to spreade, Sit with his diademe on head, The sonne shinende in his carte.-Gower. Con. A. b. vii.

Not long after he caused a great assemble to be appointed at the towre of London, where Kyng Richard appareled in vesture and robe royall, the diademe on his head, and the scepter in his hand; came personally before the congrega

cion and said these words in effecte.-Hall. Hen. IV. Introd.

selling: he it was also that devised the diademe that roiall In the first place, Prince Bacchus brought up buying and ensigne and ornament, and the manner of triumph. Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 56.

His favour leaves me nothing to require,
Prevents my wishes, and outruns desire;
What more can I expect while David lives?
All but his kingly diadem he gives:
"And that"-But here he paus'd; then, sighing, said—
"Is justly destin'd for a worthier head."
Dryden. Absalom & Achitophel.
Now I feel
Myself awake to misery and shame!
Ye sceptres, diadems, and rolling trains
Of flatt'ring pomp, farewell. Smollet. The Regicide.

DIE RESIS. Fr. Diérèse; Lat. Diaresis; Gr. Aiapeois, from Aaipei,-to divide, to distinguish.

If any two vowels are to be read as two distinct syllables, the latter is marked with a diæresis, or two dots over it; rais, boy, and aux vos, sleepless.

Sharpe. On the Greek Tongue, p. 16. DIAGNOSTIC, n. Gr. AlαyvwσTIKOV, from Alayiwok-ew, to discern, to distinguish; dia, and yvwork-ew,—to know.

That by which any thing is known or distinguished from any thing else; the symptom that decides the nature of the disease.

Brown uses Dignotion, from the Lat. Dignoscere, in an equivalent signification.

The disease of our intellectuals is too great, not to be its own diagnostick: and they that feel it not, are not less sick, but stupidly so.-Glanvill. Vanity of Dogmalizing, c. 7.

That [temperamental] dignotions, and conjecture of prevalent humours, may be collected from spots in our nails, we are not averse to concede. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. v. c. 22. For, since the motions of the Spirit (which they so confidently suppose themselves to have) cannot so much as in things good and lawful, by any certain diagnostick, be distinguished from the motions of a man's own heart, they very easily make a step farther, and even in things unlawful,

conclude the motions of their own hearts to be the impulse of the Spirit.-South, vol. ii. Ser. 6.

What does he think of the commerce of the city of Glasgow, and of the manufactures of Paisley and all the adjacent country? has this any thing like the deadly aspect and facies hippocratica, which the false diagnostick of our state physician has given to our trade in general? Burke. On the late State of the Nation.

};

DIAGONAL. Fr. Diagonal; Gr. AtaDIAGONAL, adj. γωνιος, ut διαγώνιος γραμμή, DIAGONALLY. linea, ab angulo ad angulum perducta, (Vitruv. ix. 1,)—a line drawn from corner to corner; from dia, and ywvia, a corner.

He plainly affirmeth, this geometrical theorem, that the diameter or diagonal of a square is incommensurable to the sides, to be an eternal truth.-Cudworth. Intell. Syst. p. 734. But when the parallelogram is divided into two equal triangles by a diagonal line, the quantity of the three angles in each must of necessity be half the quantity of the four angles in the parallelogram.-Id. Morality, b. iv. c. 3.

The next leaf may be single; stitch it across with double silk diagonally, and cross those stitches with others, and the spaces will be of a lozenge-shape.-Wallon. Angler, pt. i. c. 5,

For instance, the Sartorius or tailor's muscle, rising from the spine, running diagonally across the thigh, and taking hold of the inside of the main bone of the leg, a little below the knee, enables us, by its contraction, to throw one leg over the other.-Paley. Theology, c. 9.

DIAGRAM. Gr. Διαγραμμα, from Διαγραφ-ειν, to describe, to delineate.

Any thing delineated; described by lines; a geometrical figure.

The mathematics, saith Aristotle, have nothing to do with the end or chief good that men look after, never any man brought good or bad, better or worse into a demonstration; there's no consultation or election there, only plain downright diagrams, necessary convictions of the understanding. Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 629.

Diagrams drawn on paper are copies of the ideas in the mind, and not liable to the uncertainty that words carry in their signification.-Locke. Hum. Understanding, b. iv. c. 3. Before her [mad Mathesis] lo! inscrib'd upon the ground, Strange diagrams th' astonish'd sight confound, Right lines and curves, with figures square and round. Fawkes. The Temple of Dulness.

M. Varro reporteth, that the first diall was set up in the common market-place, upon a columne neere the foresaid rostra, in the time of the first Punicke warre, by M.Valerius Messala the Consull, presently after the taking of Catana in Sicilie.-Holland. Plinie, b. vii. c. 60.

For loyalty is still the same,
Whether it win or loose the game;
True as the dial to the sun,

Although it be not shin'd upon.-Hudibras, pt. iii. c. 2. And this hypothesis may be tolerated in physics, as it is not necessary in the art of dialling or navigation to mention

the true system or earth's motion.-Berkeley. Siris, 285.

He tells us, that the two friends, being each of them possessed of one of those needles, made a kind of dial-plate, inscribing it with the four and twenty letters in the same manner as the hours of the day are marked upon the ordinary dial-plate.-Spectator, No. 241.

Scientifick dialists, by the geometrick considerations of lines, have found out rules to mark out the irregular motion of the shadow in all latitudes, and on all planes.

Moxon. Mechanick Dialling.

DIALECT. DIALECTICK, adj. DIALECTICK, N. DIALECTICAL. DIALECTICALLY. DIALECTICIAN. Applied more generally, to any peculiar style or manner of expression, speech or language. Dialectician, one skilled in speaking; able to speak, to reason; skilled in logick.

Fr. Dialecte; It. Dialetto; Sp. Dialecto; Lat. Dialectus; Gr. AlaλEKT-os, from dia λey-ew, to discourse, (dia, and λey-ew, to say.)

Though to the Tuscans I the smoothness grant,
Our dialect no majesty doth want,

To set thy praises in as high a key,
As France, or Spain, or Germany, or they.

Drayton. England's Heroical Epistles.
Then all those
Who in the dark our fury did escape,
Returning, know our borrow'd arms and shape,

And different dialect.-Denham. Ess. on Virgil's Æncis.