C Ac these eremytes that edefyen. thus by the hye weyes For he that profecieth spekith to men to edificacioun and monestyng and comfortyng; he that spekith in tunge edifieth himself, but he that profecieth edifieth the chirche of God, and I wole, that alle ghe speken in tungis, but more that ghe profecie.-Wiclif. 1 Cor. c. 14. But he that prophecieth, speaketh vnto men, to edifynge, to exhortacion, and to comforte. He that speaketh with tongues, profiteth hymselfe: He that prophesieth, edifieth the congregation. I would that ye all spake wyth tongues; but rather that ye prophesyed.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Therefore sue we tho thingis that been of pees, and keep we togidre tho thingis that ben of edificatioun. Wiclif. Romaynes, c. 14. Let us folowe those thinges whyche make for peace, and thynges wherwith one maye edifie another.-Bible, 1551. Ib. Wherefore in youth I rede you edifie Chaucer. To the Lords and Gentilmen. Warnestoring (quod she) of heighe toures and grete edifices, is with grete costages and with grete travaille; and whan that thei ben accompliced, yet ben they not worth a stre, but if they ben defended by trewe frendes, that ben olde and wise.-Chaucer. Tale of Melibeus. God sent them hir Aungel Cryste to helpe them whylis thei were content the Jewes to edifye their temple. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 11. He neithere wisheth nor desyreth any thinge more earnestly, then to be in that company and assembly of the people of God, wherein he may declare his faithe, and may cofirme and edefye himselfe, by the holy sacraments and the holsome doctryne there preached. Caluine. Foure Godlye Sermons, Ser. 3. So your maiestie more graciously hath by your most godly injunctions willed to bee read, used and studied by enery curate and priest, to the undoubted edyfying as wel of them as of all other that with a desire to know God shall eyther reade or heare the same. Udal. Preface unto the King's Maiestie. The 18 [November, 1553] by meanes of a friend we were licenced to enter the castle or fortresse of Corfu, which is not onely of situation the strongest I haue seene, but also of edification.-Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. ii. Separate the stones, and the wall openeth, and leat the ciment faile, and the edifice falleth.-Golden Boke c. 17. At last, as nigh out of the wood she came, A stately castle far away she spyde, To which her steps directly she did frame, Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. iii. c. 1. A heape of earth he hoorded vp on hie, A little mount, of greene turfs edifide.-Id. Virgil's Gnat. Now men are edified, when eyther their understanding is taught somewhat whereof in such actions it behoueth all men to consider; or when their hearts are moued with any affliction suteable thereunto, when their minds are in any sort stirred vp vnto that reuerence, deuotion, attention, and due regard which in those cases seemeth requisite. Hooker. Ecclesiasticall Politie, b. v. That unblemisht reputation here, when it is to be had, is a pretions blessing, very instrumental to the edifying of others, and is a kind of coronet here in this life, preparatory to that crown hereafter.-Hammond. Works, vol. iv. p. 547. What hither hath been spoke upon the law of God, touching matrimony or divorce, he who will deny to have been agru'd [argu'd] according to reason and all equity of Scripture, I cannot edify how, or by what rule of proportion, that man's virtue calculates, what his elements are, nor what his analytics.-Milton. Tetrachordon. By his blessed influences guide and governe this sacred meeting, and happily direct all our councels and endeavours to the glory of his owne great name, the salvation of our soules, and the assured edification of his church, through Jesus Christ.-Bp. Hall. Noah's Dove. Where these gifts of interpretation, and eminent endowments of learning are found, there can be no reason of restraining them from an exercise so beneficially edificatory VOL. I And as his pen was often militant It also was, like those blessed builders, who The bookful blockhead, ignorantly read, Pope. Essay on Criticism. Devout people may fancy what they please about all our speeches tending to edification; but in truth it is all speculation.-Sharp, vol. vi. Ser. 13. They scorn their edifiers to own, Hudibras, pt. iii. c. 2. If a country gentleman appear a little curious in observing the edifices, signs, clocks, coaches and dials, it is not to be imagined how the polite rabble of this town, who are acquainted with these objects, ridicule his rusticity. Spectator, No. 354. There are mansions, which, without any striking edificial attraction, have a certain air of appropriate hospitality and provincial dignity. History of the Rivers of Great Britain, b. i. p. 232. No doubt 'tis edifying stuff, (For gentle ears are cannon-proof,) And wise the doctrines which you teach. Whitehead. The Goat's Beard. But the minister of the Gospel does not go in quest of such occasions: [in which he may exert his abilities:] he only adapts himself to them, when they come in his way; and then pursues them no farther than the end he has in view, the edification of others, not his own credit, demands from him.-Hurd. Works, vol. vi. Ser. 1. Behold (says he) [Rufinus] in the night, the last preceding the day for laying the foundation, a prodigious earthquake arises, by which, not only the stones of the foundations are cast abroad and dispersed, but almost all the edifices that were about the place are thrown down and levelled. Warburton. Julian's Attempt to Rebuild, &c. b. ii. c. 3. As put case some well-minded printer (as one of the Stephens,) is willing to be at an excessive charge in the fair publication of a learned and useful work, for the benefit of the present and following ages; it is most just that he should from the hands of princes or states receive a priviledge for the sole impression; that he may recover with advantage the deep expence he hath been at; otherwise some interloper may perhaps underhand fall upon the work at a lower rate, and undo the first editor; whose industry, care and cost shall be thus recompenced with the ruine of himself and his posteritie. Bp. Hall. Cases of Conscience, Dec. 1. Case 5. As to the larger additions and alterations, I have obliged him, and he has promised me to print them by themselves, so that the former edition may not be wholly lost to those who have it, but by the inserting in their proper places the passages that will be reprinted alone, to that purpose, the former book may be made as little defective as possible. Locke. Hum. Underst. To the Reader. Mr. Norden maketh his complaint in that necessary Guide, added to a little but not much augmented, by the late Editioner.-Gregory. Posthuma, p. 321. I must confess, I was much surprised to see a great body of editors, criticks, commentators and grammarians meet with so very ill a reception.-Tatler, No. 100. 641 Still, all editions verbally contain Byrom. On the Disposition of Mind, &c. After you shall have repeatedly read, marking the pauses, examining the rhythmus, and pronouncing aloud, at least a hundred times over, the few orations of Demosthenes, which Monteney has edited; I would put into your hand, as a convenient book, the edition of Lucchesini, published in London by Allen.-Knox. Letters to a Young Nobleman. Though his [Fanshawe's] Lusiad, by the dedication of it to William, Earl of Strafford, dated May, 1655, seems as published by himself, we are told by the editor of his letters, that, "during the unsettled time of our anarchy, some of his MSS. falling by misfortune into unskilful hands, were printed and published without his consent or knowledge, and before he could give them his last finishing strokes." Mickle. Dissertation on the Lusiad, &c. Note. But by educing, the affirmers only mean a producing in it, with a subjective dependance on its recipient a very fine signification of eduction; which answers not the question whence 'tis derived, but into what it is received. Id. The Vanity of Dogmatizing, c. 16. I will not resist, therefore, whatever it is, either of divine or human obligement, that you lay upon me; but will forthwith set down in writing, as you request me, that voluntary idea, which hath long in silence presented itself to me, of a better education, in extent and comprehension far more large, and yet of time far shorter, and of attainment far more certain, than hath been yet in practice. Milton. Of Education. And it is plain that the human body hath a receptive power in reference to the human soul, which yet themselves confesse both to be a substantial form, and not to be educed out of the power of matter.-Boyle. Works, vol. iii. p. 39. I need not tell you, that among the Peripateticks, the disputes are many and intricate about matter, privation, substantial forms, and their eduction, &c. Id. Ib. vol. iv. p. 69. Indeed, if they would admit the form of a natural body to be but a more fine and subtile part of the matter, as spirit of wine is of wine, which upon its recess remains no longer wine, but phlegm or vinegar, then the eductive power of matter might signify something.-Id. Ib. vol. iii. p. 39. With glewy wax some new foundations lay Dryden. Annus Mirabilis, s. 145. Go. hymn the Fount of Mercy, who, from ill The road to joys eternal.-Mason. English Garden, b. iv. It looks so like that good old grove Whitehead. Answer to the Epistle, &c. As Puffendorf very well observes, it is not easy to imagine or allow, that a parent has conferred any considerable benefit upon his child by bringing him into the world, if he afterwards entirely neglects his culture and education, and suffers him to grow up like a mere beast, to lead a life useless to others, and shameful to himself. Blackstone. Commentaries, b. i. c. 16. EDULCORATE, v. From Lat. Dulcis, sweet. To sweeten, to purify. Succory, a little edulcorated with sugar and vinegar, is by some eaten in the summer, and more grateful to the stomach than the palate.-Evelyn. Acetaria. And I would the rather have experiments tried again in other places with colcothar, not calcined to the utmost, nor yet so exquisitely edulcorated, but that some saline particles should be left in it for future encrease. Boyle. Works, vol. iv. p. 99. The copious powder, that results from their union, is, by that union of volatile parts, so far fixed, that, after they have edulcorated it with water, they prescribe the calcining of it in a crucible for five or six hours.-Id. Ib. vol.iv. p.311. EDULE. Lat. Edulium. Any thing eaten; EDU'LIOUS. from Ed-ere, to eat. See EDIBLE. Eatable, edible, esculent. There's need of all the senses to determine analogically concerning the vertues and properties even of the leaves alone of many edule plants.-Evelyn. Acetaria. The husks of pease, beans, or such edulious pulses. Sir T. Brown. Miscellany, p. 13. EEL. A. S. El; Ger. Ahl; Dut. Œel; Sw. El. Ihre and Serenius think from Sw. Hal; Ger. Hal; lubricus, so called from its slipperiness. In A. S. El is also oil, and El-an, to oil. It is agreed, by most men, that the eel is a most dainty fish: the Romans have esteemed her the Helena of their feasts; and some, the queene of palate-pleasure. Walton. Angler, pt. i. c. 23. Among reptiles that have a strange faculty to shift for food, &c., may be reckoned eels, which, although belonging to the waters, can creep on the land from pond to pond, &c. Derham. Physico-Theology, Note. Thy stumbling founder'd jade can trot as high So the dull eel moves nimbler in tne mud Dorset. To Mr. E. Howard. EFFABLE. Lat. Effabilis, from Effari, to speak out, to utter. That may be spoken or uttered; utterable. He did, upon his suggestion, accommodate thereunto his universal language, to make his character effable. Wallis. Defence of the Royal Society, (1678.) p. 16. EFFACE, v. Fr. Pristinam faciem auferre. Effacer, to efface, deface, raze, blot, rub out, wipe away; to abolish, (Cotgrave.) See to DEFACE. Thus the ideas, as well as children, of our youth often die before us and our minds represent to us those tombs, to which we are approaching; where tho' brass and marble remain, yet the inscriptions are effaced by time. and the imagery moulders away.-Locke. Hum. Und. b. ii. c. 10. Away; my Muse Though yet the prospect pleases, ever new The many-figur'd sculptures of the path, St. Paul sets down the just judgment of God against the receivers of Anti-christ, which is effascination, or strong delusion.-Shelford. Learned Disc. (Camb. 1635.) p. 317. EFFECT, v. EFFECT, n. EFFECTIBLE. EFFECTION. EFFECTIVE. EFFECTIVELY. EFFE CTLESS. EFFECTOR. EFFECTUAL. EFFECTUALLY. EFFECTUALNESS. EFFECTUATE. EFFECTUOUS. EFFECTUOUSLY. EFFICACY. EFFICACIOUS. EFFICACIOUSLY. EFFICACITY. EFFICIENT, adj. EFFICIENT, n. EFFICIENCY. EFFICIENTLY. Fr. Effectuer; Sp. Efetuar; It. Effettuare; Lat. Efficere, effectum; e, and facere, to do or make. To do or make, (emphatically, and thus,) to bring to pass, to bring to an end, to attain, to perform, to accomplish, to complete, to achieve, to consummate. Effects, in the plural,things attained, acquired, possessed. Efficacious, able to ef fect; able or having power to bring to pass, &c. Efficient, bringing to pass; bringing to an end, &c. Effectuous, (sometimes written affectuous,) and effectuously, were used by our old writers, as equivalent to effectual, and effectually. See AFFECT. See the quotation from Locke. And see CAUSE. Gret was the strif, and long betwix hem twey, But to th' effect. It happed on a day, Tib. Dangers, that we see That it produceth.-Massinger. Duke of Milan, Act i. sc.l. knowledge of natural efficacies and virtues, and a great power of transporting, uniting, and applying actives to passives; whatsoever, therefore, is effectible by the most congruous and efficacious application of actives to passives, is effectible by them.-Hale. Origination of Mankind, p. 338. But going further into particulars, [Plato] falls into conjectures, attributing the effection of the soul unto the Great God, but the fabrication of the body to the Dii ez Dio, or Angels, it seems according to the tradition of the Egyp tians.Id. Ib. p. 290. That the world had an inception, and had an inception from God, is a truth that, by the diligent improvement of natural light and reason, is attainable; but the manner and order of this effection is, as before is said, discoverable only by divine revelation.-Id. Ib. p. 291. The use of these rules is not at all effective upon erring consciences, while the error remains: for the advices supChaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 1191. posing the error are not applicable to them who will not suppose themselves in error. Id. The Freres Tale, v. 7033. For sire and dame trusteth me right wel, Our orisons ben more effectual, And more we seen of Christes secree thinges, Than borel folk, although that they be kinges. Id. The Sompnoures Tale, v. 7452. From the natural working cause, the effect must needes follow, as thus: If the sunne shine, the day must needes be, which is the effect or workmanship of the sunne. Wilson. The Arte of Logicke, fol. 42. whiche ye vse in the lande of Israell, sayinge: Tushe, Thou sonne of man, what maner of by-worde is that, seynge that the dayes are so slacke in comminge, all the visions are of none effecte.-Bible, 1551. Ezek. c. 12. And in the mistery of this supper, was written, made, and sealed a moste perfyte testimonie, for an effectuall memorye of Christes offeryng of himselfe to his father, and of his death and passion with the fruite therof. Bp. Gardner. On the Presence in the Sacrament, p. 31. Forasmuche as this saying of our Sauiour Christ, Oportet semper orare, A man must always pray, written in the Gospell of Saint Luke, appertaineth generally vnto all Christian men who seeth not howe profitable and necessary it is for euery man, diligently and effectually to apply hymselfe to prayer. Fisher. On Prayer, c. 1. For the contempt of the Gospell, shall the wrath of God suffer the Turke and the Pope with strong delusions and effectuouse errors to destroye many soulis and bodys, but it shall dure no longer then that his wrath consumed, shall cease, and their wykednes be rype. Joye. Exposicion of Daniel, c. 12. Which thinge, though it be partely done by the prechynge Godes wordes and frutefull exhortacyons, yet doth that vysible token and sacramente (yf a man vnderstand what is ment therby,) more effectuously worke in them both fayth and thankesgeuinge, then doth the bare worde. A Boke made by John Fryth, p. 11. Therfore we knowyng the vertue and effycacy of these holy psalmes, let vs vse them in our like besines, and doubt not to haue forgyuenes, yf we do it so louingly as he did in this time.-Fisher. On the Seven Psalmes, Ps. 38. Honey, as welle in meate as in drynke, is of incomparable efficacy, for it not onely clenseth, altereth, and nourisheth, but also it long time preserueth that vncorrupted which is put into it.-Sir T. Elyot. The Castel of Helth, b. ii. c. 22. The power of whiche sacramentes is of suche effycacite, that cannot be expressed.-A Boke made by J. Fryth, p. 10. The efficient cause is the working cause, by whose meanes thinges are brought to passe.-Wilson. Arte of Logicke, fol.43. And that thyng which maketh a man loue the law of God, doth make a man righteous, and iustifieth him effectiuely and actually, and maketh hym alyue as a woorkeman and cause efficient.-Tyndall. Workes, n. 335. Bp. Taylor. Rule of Conscience, b. i. c. 2. As the first [Mark, ix. 40] enjoyns us to the labour of love. and an active will, and an effective zeal, and a religion pro ductive of permanent effects; so the latter [Luke, ix. 50] seems to be content with negative measures, to approve of an indifferent will, to allow a neutrality, and that not only many single actions, but that a whole state of life may have negative indifference and indetermination. Id. Ib. b. iv. c. 1. In bootelesse prayer haue they bene held vp, Shakespeare. Titus Andronicus, Act iii. sc. 1. Beaum. & Fletch. The Knight of Malta, Act iv. se. 1. Shakespeare. Taming of the Shrew, Act iii. sc. I. Id. Titus Andronicus, Act iv. se.. For which [his intercession] he being his natural son, so neerly allyed to him, would transcendantly fit him, and give such an omnipotent prevalencie and effectualnesse to his requests, that he would be the most absolute perfect pricat for ever, (in this respect,) that could be. Goodwin. Triumph of Faith, s. 5. Daniel. Civil War, b. vii. O Saviour, I do rather more adore thee, on the Calvary of thy passion, than on the Tabor of thy transfiguration, or the Olivet of thine assension; and cannot so effectuously blesse thee for, Pater clarifica, Father glorifie me, as for, my Go my God, why hast thou forsaken me. Bp. Hall. Sermon preached to his Majesty, March 50. To the blanc moone [Those hands] were cloven and rent upon the crosse till the wounds became (after the resurrection) so many rituall, and efficacious benedictions. transparencies and glorious instruments of solemn, sp Bp. Taylor. The Great Exemplar, pt. i. s. 5. In a glass of water the etherial substance, which he sup poses to run through all bodies, is more efficaciously moves than in air.-Digby. Of Bodies, c. 13. 12. For it is a true sentence, that of nothing cometh nothing, which aone of the Ancients denied, though they held not that principle of the efficient cause, but of the materiall subiect that is of the nature of all formes. Boetius, translated by J. P., 1609. p. 121. So then, since there's so much dissimilitude between cause and effect in the more palpable phænomena, we can expect no less between them, and their invisible efficients. Glanvill. Vanity of Dogmatizing, c. 21. Religion has descended to the securing of these fearthly blessings and temporal rewards,] and that not only by moral designation, but a proper and natural efficiency; so that we cannot better prosecute our present interest, than by the methods of religion. Pleydell. Sermon at the Funeral of Mr. Jos. Glanvill. He [God] did it, after our forefathers were reduced to extremities, and had tired themselves by various attempts to bring this great end about, and had been baffled in all of them, and sat down at last in despair of effecting it. Atterbury, vol. i. Ser. 7. Power being the source from whence all action proceeds, the substances wherein these powers are, when they exert this power into act, are called causes; and the substances, which thereupon are produced, or the simple ideas which are introduced into any subject by the exerting of that power, are called effects.-Locke. Hum. Underst. b. ii. c. 22. Indeed he that would effectually persuade the undertakIng of any enterprise, must either suppose it, or prove it efectible.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 17. The King of France having drawn together 120,000 effective men, divided them into three bodies. Ludlow. Memoirs, vol. iii. p. 198. This sanctification, and blessing the seventh-day, was setting it apart from the rest of the week-days, and appropriating it to holy uses, and purposes, namely, the commemoration of that great work of the creation, and paying homage and worship to that infinite being, who was the effector of it.-Derham. Physico-Theology, b. xi. c. 6. God hath so contrived things, that if I do but love myself heartily, and out of that self-love do endeavour all the ways CSI can to promote my own future happiness; this very selflove, and this endeavour to do myself good, shall be the most efectual way, nay the only way to promote and advance his Har glory.-Sharp, vol. iii. Ser. 12. 2. From the effectualness of it in order to that end, it is the power of God to salvation.-Stillingfleet, vol. i. Ser. 4. For the effectuating this gratious intent, suppose that he should appoint and commissionate messengers, impowering and charging them to divulge the purport of this act of grace to all the people of that kingdom. Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 41. The eficacy whereby the new substance or idea is produe'd, is call'd, in the subject exerting that power, action; but in the subject wherein any simple idea is chang'd or produc'd, it is called passion: which efficacy, however various, and the effects almost infinite, yet we can, I think, conceive it in intellectual agents, to be nothing else but modes of thinking and willing; in corporeal agents, nothing else but modifications of motion. Locke. Hum. Understanding, b. ii. c. 22. But you will ask then, upon what account is it, that prayer becomes prevalent and efficacious with God, so as to procure us the good things we pray for? I answer upon this; That it is the fulfilling of that condition, upon which God has freely promised to convey his blessings to man. South, vol. ii. Ser. 3. The same judgments that in the hand of God are sovereign means to polish and improve a well-disposed mind, are as cficaciously used by him to inflame the accounts of the wicked and the obdurate; who take occasion from thence to make themselves ten times more the sons of reprobation than they were before.-Id. vol. ix. Ser. 2. If a man has not within himself a principle of self motion, or a power of beginning motion; then, being no agent at all, (notwithstanding his perception or intelligence,) any more than a clock or a watch, his motions must all be owing to the eficient impulse of some extrinsick cause, and the motions of that to the efficiency of some other cause; and so on. Clarke. Remarks on a Philosophical Enquiry. Among men, a son does not, properly speaking, derive his being from his father: Father, in this sense, signifies merely an instrumental, not an efficient cause: but God, when He is stiled Father, must always be understood to be [airia] a true and proper cause, really and efficiently giving life. Id. On the Trinity, pt. ii. s. 13. Note. A subject or utensil of so various and inexplicable use, who could have invented and formed, but an infinitely wise and powerful efficient?-Ray, On the Creation, pt. i. You see, then, that, to argue upon Gospel principles, (and the fair enquirer can argue upon no other,) the Christian dispensation was necessary to fulfil the purposes of God to man, and to effect that which the divine counsels had decreed in relation to him.-Hurd. Works, vol. vi. Ser. 4. Happy the man who sees a God employ'd In all the good and ill that checker life! Resolving all events, with their effects And manifold results, into the will The House of Commons will lose that independent cnaracter which, inseparably connecting the honour and reputation with the acts of this house, enables us to afford a real, effective, and substantial support to his government. Burke. A Representation to his Majesty. The extreme dishonour and even peril of this situation Cicero had imbibed a strong relish for the frank and liber- The same intention is mechanically effectuated; but by a Rules themselves are, indeed, nothing else but an appeal Hurd. Notes on Horace's Epistle to Augustus. All this is in the hand of Providence: yet now, even now, I should confide in the prevailing virtue, and efficacious operation of lenity, though working in darkness, and in chaos, in the midst of all this unnatural and turbid combination.-Burke. On American Taxation. So that when I speak of cause, and efficient cause, I only mean certain affections of the mind, that cause certain changes in the body; or certain powers and properties in bodies. Id. On the Sublime & Beautiful The church was not impaired. Her estates, her majesty, her splendour, her orders and gradations continued the She was preserved in her full efficiency, and cleared only of a certain intolerance, which was her weakness and disgrace.-Id. Substance of Speech on Army Estimates. same. EFFE/MINATE, v. Fr. Efféminer;_Sp. He was girte effeminately with a gyrdle of golde, and the Is not that white rochette that the byshops and chanons weare so like a nunne, and so effeminatly, a false sign? Tyndall. Workes, p. 143. How many brave hopes have we known dashed with Bp. Hall. Christian Moderation, b. i. s. 10. And must we leave him here, whom here were fit [The Angles] did now learn from the stranger Saxons an Selden. On Drayton's Poly-Olbion, s. 10. Dal. The king is angry. But would the young effeminate gallant, that never knew I find the name of a minister of state, in one part of their history, who was fined for appearing too frequently in clean linen; and of a certain great general, that was turned out of his post for effeminacy, it having been proved upon him, by several credible witnesses, that he washed his face every And arbitration wise of the Supreme.-Cowper. Task, b. ii. morning.-Spectator, No. 433. But now, conspicuous from afar, Fawkes. Of Anacreon, Ode 69. For pride, envy, covetousness, gluttony, intemperance, effeminateness, oaths, idleness, and I know not how many other sins, contrary to the laws of nature, and of Christ, are so little provided against by human sanctions, that one may be a bad Christian, and a bad man, without being a bad citizen.-Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 439. Fair, female minstrels charm the sight and ear: Effeminating measures on their lutes Dissolve the soul in languor, which admits No thought but love.-Glover. The Athenaid, b. xxi. Even in the instance your lordship puts, a young man may be polished indeed out of his rusticity; yet if he have no better rule to go by, than the fashion of the place where he lives, he may easily wear himself into the contrary defect, an effeminate and unmanly foppery. Hurd. Works, vol. iv. Dial. 8. Where will those, who inveigh against the education of our universities, recommend a more improving one? The indulgent softness of the parent's family is apt, at best, to give young persons a most unhappy effeminateness. Secker, vol. i. Ser. 1. A mediocrity of virtues and of talents is the iot of the great majority of mankind: and even this mediocrity, if cultivated by a liberal education, will infallibly secure its possessor against those excesses of effeminacy which are really culpable.-Mickle. Introduction to the Lusiad. EFFERVESCE, v. Lat. Effervescere, (e, and fervescere, to become hot;) from fervere, to be hot, to heat; which Vossius thinks is from the Gr. Bpas-ew, fervere, tollere. To grow or become hot; to be agitated; to hiss or bubble, (sc.) as if by the action of heat. Effervescent is now in common use. The compound spirit of nitre, put to oil of cloves, will effervesce, even to a flame.-Mead. On Poisons. I am not sure, but there may be effervescences, (and perhaps periodical ones,) in the blood and other juices of the body without fermentation properly so called. Boyle. Works, vol. ii. p. 83. The wild gas, the fixed air, is plainly broke loose but we ought to suspend our judgment until the first effervescence is a little subsided, till the liquor is cleared, and until we see something deeper than the agitation of a troubled and frothy surface.-Burke. On the French Revolution. EFFE/TE. Lat. Effetus, (e, and fetus;) which Scaliger thinks is from the Gr. PoIT-a, coire; Vossius from the ancient Lat. Feo, fetum. Unproductive, barren; without power to generate or produce. Nature is not effoete, as he saith, or so lavish, to bestow all her gifts upon an age, but hath reserved some for posterity, to shew her power, that she is the same, and not old or consumed.-Burton. Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 370. It is to me highly probable, that the females, as well of beasts as birds, have in them from their first formation the seeds of all the young they will afterwards bring forth, which when they are all spent and exhausted by what means soever, the animal becomes barren and effete. Ray. On the Creation, pt. i. It seems to me made appear, that the atmosphere which we breathe is a mixture of two kinds of air; one pure and vital, the other, for the purposes of life, effete, foul, and noxious.-Paley. Natural Theology, c. 10. EFFICACY. EFFICIENT, &c., see EFFECT. E'FFEROUS. That with fell woodnesse he effierced was, Did beat and bounce his head and breast full sore. From the teeth of that efferous beast, from the tusk of the wild boar, O thou, that art the root and generation of David, preserve our root and all his generation. Bp. King. Vine Palatine, (1614.) p. 34. EFFIGY. Fr. It. & Sp. Effigie; Lat. EFFIGIATE, V. Effingere, e, and fing-ere, i. e. exprimere imitatione veram rem; to express, delineate or describe a reality by imitation. Efigier, Fr. To figure, draw, picture, portray, counterfeit, express the form; represent the shape; make a true resemblance of, (by painting, carving, or Duke Sen. If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, Shakespeare. As You Like It, Act ii. sc. 7. In which art that famous Pyrgoteles did so excell, as made No longer shall dramatics be confin'd Reprieve the innocent, and hang the false. Butler. Upon Critics. And thus the man [Francisco de Gama] who despised the wreath with which Camoens crowned his grandfather, brought that grandfather's effigies to the deepest insult that can be offered to the memory of the deceased. Mickle. Life of Camoens. He [Thomas à Kempis] lived chiefly in the monastery of Mount St. Agnes; where his effigy, together with a prospect of the monastery, was engraven on a plate of copper, that lies over his body.-Harte. Thomas à Kempis, Note. EFFLATE, v. Lat. Efflare, atum, to breathe out. Yet notwithstanding all these things, his greatness and learning, he was so far from being efflated with pride, that he [Reynold Pole] retired to his old habitation at Suene. Wood. Athena Oxon. Our common spirits, efflated by every vulgar breath upon every act, deify themselves; and conceit all great additions of honour below their merits. Sir T. Herbert. Travels, p. 179. Where, at the rosy spring of cheerful light, (If pious fame record tradition right,) A soft efflation of celestial fire Came, like a rushing breeze, and shook the lyre. Parnell. The Gift of Poetry. Lat. Efflorescentia, neuter pl. of Efflorescens, the pres. part. of EFFLORESCENT. Fr. Efflorescence is applied to," the outward face or superficies, the utmost rind, pilling or skin of any thing," (Cotgrave.) In English it is also applied to The springing, budding, shooting or breaking forth, (sc.) of flowers. Yellow efflorescent sparry incrustations on stone. In this renewed youth, of the so lately calcined and purified earth, there may be some pure efflorescences of balmy matter, not to be found now in its exhausted and decrepit age, that may be proper vehicles of life, into which souls may descend without further preparation. Glanvill. Pre-existence of Souls, c. 14. So men and other animals receive different tinctures from constitutional and complexional efflorescences. Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. vi. c. 12. He observed, that when the moist and blackish mould had been beaten upon by the sun, that here and there the superficial parts would be as it were besprinkled with a somewhat whitish saline efflorescence. Boyle. Works, vol. v. p. 628. Two white, sparry incrustations, with efflorescencies in form of shrubs, formed by the trickling of water. EFFLUENT. Woodward. On Fossils. Lat. Effluere, effluens, ef fluxus,(e, and flu-ere, to flow;) which Vossius considers to have the same origin with pluere, that is the Gr. BAU-ELV, manare, scaturire. Tooke thinks the A. S. Fleuw-an, to be the primitive. Flowing or issuing forth; springing or arising from; emanating. And as they both hold and affirm, Nilus to be the effluence of Osiris, even so they are of opinion, that the body of Isis is the earth or land of Egypt; and yet not all of it, but so For these scintillations are not the accension of the ayr, This assertion, that Aristotle deliver'd the Digbæan doc- For besides its electrick attraction, which is made by a It is a grace, which by virtue of the covenant consigned Yet we are able only to survey If these effluvia, which do upward tend, The great rapidness, with which the wheels, that serve to And this brings into my mind what an eminent physician, By the erecting the barometer, and warily unstopping the Five years being effluxed, he took out the tree, and weighed it.-Id. Ib. vol. i. p. 496. Therefore it is no wonder, if God can torment, where we And yet these so incomparably little magnetical effluxions The Gods declare that thy illustrious head Fr. Effort, (q. d.) exfortia, i. e. exertio totius To labour, to strive, to exert, to strain; to do Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 8. Making efforts with all my puissance. Denham. A Dialogue. From whence it seems probable to me, that the simple Yet liberty, thus slighted and betray'd, Rowe. Lucan. Pharsalia, b. in. Whether it be, that such knowledge is unattainable by our faculties, or that it was seen to be improper for cur situation to say the least, all the efforts of the ablest men to explain the peculiar fundamental doctrines of our religion, on the principles of our philosophy, have not hitherte been so successful, as to make it certain that these doctrines are indeed cognisable by human reason. Hurd. Works, vol. vi. Ser. 13. EFFORM, v. Low Lat. Efformare, (e, and EFFORMATION. (forma,) from the A. S. Frem an, facere, to frame, by a common transposition of the letter r. See To DEFORM. To frame, make or fashion. The lawyers and physicians distinguish the time of the abor tion. If the child was efformed into a humane shape, it is capital by the laws; but not if it was inform and unshapen. Bp. Taylor. Rule of Conscience, b. iv. c. 1. He that will reprove wisely, must efform himself into all images of things which innocently and wisely he can put cn. Id. vol. i. Ser. 25. So that, to the knowledge of the poorest simple, we must first know its efficient, the manner, and method of its efermation, and the nature of the plastick. Glanvill. Vanity of Dogmatizing, c. 22. They endeavour to evacuate and disannul our great argument, by pretending to solve all the phænomena of nature, and to give an account of the production and efformation of the universe, and all the corporeal beings therein, both celestial and terrestrial, as well animate as inanimate, 20t excluding animals themselves, by a slight hypothesis of matter so and so divided and mov'd. Ray. On the Creation, pt. It is strange to me, they should pretend, that nature, which they make a kind of semi-deity, should not be able to mould and fashion so small, and soft, and tractable, a portion of matter, as that, wherein the first model and eførmation of the embryo is made.-Boyle. Works, vol. v. p. .201. EFFO'SSION. A word coined for the occasion, from Lat. Effodere, to dig out. He [Mar. Scriblerus] had already determined to set apart several annual sums for the recovery of MSS. the effossics of coins, &c.-Mem. of Mar. Scriblerus, b. i. c. 1. EFFRAY, i.e. to affray, (qv.) Fr. "Effrayer,to fray, skare, fear, affright," (Cotgrave.) In Spenser, To run in disorder, confusion, or affright. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. i. c. 1. Th' effronted whore prophetically showne Stirling. Doomesday. The Second Houre. Must not one think he [Mr. Edwards] is mightily beholden to the excellency and readiness of his own nature, who is adversaries these arts of equivocation, lying and effrontery no sooner engag'd in controversy, but he finds out in his in managing of it? Locke. Sec. Vind. of the Reasonableness of Christianity. Vice is never so shameless as when it pretends to public spirit. Yet this effrontery is so common, that it scandalizes nobody.-Hurd. Serm. on the Gen. Fast Day in 1776. EFFU'LGE, v. EFFU'LGENT. EFFU'LGENCE. From Lat. E, and fulgere; Gr. Þλey-ew, to burn or blaze. To blaze forth, to shine forth; to emit or send Id. Ib. b. iii. c. 9. forth brightness, brilliancy or splendor. Presents great Cyrus, as the Magi feign'd The snowy-vested Mithres, from the east Descending in effulgent rays of light, To guide the virtuous to th' ethereal plains, Where joy for ever dwells. 1 Cooper. Power of Harmony, b. i. And you, ye leaders! who in heaven above, Hoole. Tasso. Jerusalem Delivered, b. ii. And darkness and doubt are now flying away, Beattie. The Hermit. EFFUME, v. Į Lat. E, and fumus, smoke EFFUMABILITY. or vapour. To throw forth steam or vapour, to evaporate, to reek. Shef. I can make this dogge take as many whiffes as I list, and he shall retaine, or effume them at my pleasure. B. Jonson. Every Man out of his Humour, Act iii. sc. 6 Paracelsus himself, and therefore, as you will easily believe, many of his followers, does somewhere call that mercury, which ascends upon the burning of wood, as the Peripatetics are wont to take the same smoke for air; and so seems to define mercury by volatility, or (if I may coin such a word) efumability.-Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 539. Some of them ascribe to Mercury, colours; as all of them do effumability, as they speak.-Id. Ib. p. 552. EFFUND, v. EFFUSE, U. EFFU'SE, n. EFFU'SE, adj. EFFUSION. EFFUSIVE. ly, wastefully. Lat. Effundere, effusum, to pour forth, (e, and fundere, to pour;) Fr. and Sp. Effusion; It. Effusione. To pour forth; to shed or spill; to pour out, (sc.) lavish Suspires which I effund in scilence. Chaucer. The Cuckow and the Nightingale. Thou precious gem of martirs Margarite, That of thy blood dredest none effusion. Chaucer. The Letter of Cupide. No man may doubte of this, that by the aspersion of blude of beastes before the incarnation was sygnifyed and represented the effusyon of the blude of Christe for oure redempcion.-Fisher. On the Seven Psalms, Ps. 51. After thys went forth the seconde aungel of the seconde seale openynge, effundinge his vyall vpon the sea. Bale. Image, pt. ii. Much sweat they spent in furious fight, To utmost death, the high God hath design'd A virgin from her tender infancie, The ayre hath got into my deadly wounds, As the goods thence accruing to us are in multitude innumerable, in quality inestimable, in duration immense; so in some correspondence should our joy be very intense, very effuse, very stable.-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 43. Th' effusive south With thirsty sponge they rub the tables o'er, Should tempting Novelty thy cell refrain, "Twas here, in many an early strain Lloyd. Ode Spoken at Westminster. Of degree The least and lowliest, in the effusive warmth Of colours mingling with a random blaze, Doth beauty dwell.-Akenside. Pleas. of Imagination, b. i. EFT, or An eft or evet. "A. S. Efete, an eft, EFF. Sa newt, a lizard," (Somner.) "I know not," says Skinner, "whether from A. S. Ef-an, equalis, from the evenness or smoothness of the skin." We included in a receiver, whose globular part was about the bigness of an orange, one of that sort of animals that they vulgarly call effs.-Boyle. Works, vol. iii. p. 385. Around the tomb, in mystic lore, Were forms of various mien, Almighty God, that saved all mankind, Chaucer. The Man of Lawes Tale, v. 5329. Id. The Chanones Yemannes Tale, v. 16,401. With that she swouneth nowe and eft. Gower. Con. A. b. vin. He himself also holding vp his hands to heauen, bewailed eft his own misfortune, and eft the misfortune of his countrye.-Goldyng. Justine, fol. 92. Moyses eftsones resorting to Demasco the natyue country of his ancestors, went vp into the mountain Synai. Id. Ib. fol. 125 Though at midnight he would barke and ball, Spenser. Shepheards Calendar. September. Eftsoone there stepped forth A goodly lady, clad in hunter's weed, That seem'd to be a woman of great worth, And, by her stately portance, born of heauenly birth. Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 3. Whereupon the tribune chafed, and set into an heat, sendeth an officer to the consull: the consull likewise, a lictor to the tribune, crying eftsoones alowd, that he was but a privat person without command, without magistracie. Holland. Livivs, p. 83. And eft his lathy falchion brandish'd, Eftsoons the father of the silver flood, d} Lat. Egerere, egestum; (e, and gerere, manum administrare, q.d. to handle, formed from xЄp-os genitive of Xep, the hand.) To bear or carry out; to throw out, emit or eject. There be divers creatures that sleep all winter, as the And efts, and foul-wing'd serpents, bore The altar's base obscene.-Mickle. Wolfwold & Ulla. EFT. "A. S. Eft, postea, porro, iterum, E/FTSOON. afterwards, furthermore, again. Eft-soon, denuo, iterum, rursus, identidem, de integro. Eft-soones, forthwith or again," (Somner.) Skinner remarks that eft (or aft) signifies post, and also (parum deflexo sensu) statim. Eftsoones, is soon aft, or after, (cito post,) instantly, immediately, after; and eft, alone, is used in the tions of the belly.-Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iii. c. 13. same manner. Eftest, soonest, quickest. Of efters, in Rom. of the Rose, Skinner says, perhaps from the A. S. Efter, post, (q.d.) cum ædium. bear, the hedgehog, the bat, the bee, &c. these all wax fat when they sleep, and egest not. Bacon. Naturall History, § 899. It is confounded with the intestinal excretions and eges For he that does not love to sing, avia Pieridum peragro loca nullius ante trita solo, but permits his memory to be so stiff, as to give us the same (though from the best inspired posti-writers) rather than the result from his own alembic, his stomach is bad, and his egestions nauseous. And suor he wolde rather dye than euer eft to flie R. Gloucester, p, 222. Vor myd ssypes and gret poer as prest efsone hii come. Id. p. 260. And eft aryued on this lond with fulle grete nauie. R. Brunne, p. 24. Henry chaced his sonne thorgh force fro toun to toun, The kyng of France eftsoune left tent and pauilloun. Id. p. 133. Piers Plouhman, p. 250. And eft Jhesus bigan to teche at the see and myche puple was gaderid to him.-Wiclif. Mark, c. 4. And gif hym eft and eft. evere at hus neede. Jhesus dide efte this secounde tokene, whanne he cam fro Judee into Galilee.-Id. Jon, c. 4.. Eftsoone Jhesus seide to hem, it is written thou schalt not tempt thi Lord God. Eftsoone the feend tok him into a ful high hil and schewide to him alle the rewmes of the world and the joie of hem.-Id. Matthew, c. 4. Eftsoone I seye to you that if twene of you consente on the erthe, of every thing whatever thei axen, it schal be don to hem of my fadir that is in hevens.-Id. Ib. c. 18. Where I unbounden, all so mote I the, I wolde never eft comen in the snare. Chaucer. The Marchantes Prologue, v. 9103. I went on right honde and on lefte In the efters that men might seen.-Id. Rom. of the Rose. Boyle. Works, vol. vi. p. 333. EGG. A. S. Eg; Ger. Ey; Dut. Ei, eye; Sw. Egg Fr. Euf; It. Ovo, uovo; Sp. Huevo ; Lat. Ovum. Written ay by Robert of Brunne; ey by Chaucer; and eie by Gower. ; An ay bi it selue for fiue schillynges was bouht, Menye of the bryddes Or yf he aske an egge: wyll he offer him a scorpion? Chaucer. The Nonnes Preestes Tale, v. 14,851. B. Jonson. Every Man in his Humour, Act iii. sc. 6. So rides he mounted on the market-day, Upon a straw-stufft pannell all the way, With a maund charg'd with houshold merchandize. With eggs, or white meate, from both dayries, Bp. Hall, b. iv. Sat. 2. |