Tho kyng Leir arayed was, and men hem worde sende,
The kyng & the quene faire y now ageyn the other kyng
wende.
R. Gloucester, p. 36.

On Saynt Steuen day, withouten any conquest,
The barens on gode aray at London mad thei feste.
R. Brunne, p. 110.
Also wymmen in covenable abite with schamefastnesse,
& sobrenesse argignge hemsilff.-Wiclif. 1 Timo. c. 12.

And whanne it was telde to me of the Aspics that thei araicden for him, I sente him to thee.-Id. Dedis, c. 23. Whan that the firste cock hath crowe, anon Up rist this joly lover Absolon, And him arageth gay, at point devise.

Chaucer. The Milleres Tale, v. 3689.

The time of underne of the same day
Approcheth, that this wedding shulde be,
And all the paleis put was in array.

Id. The Clerkes Tale, vol. i. v. 8138.

And vp I rose three houres after twelve,
About the springing of the day,
And on I put my geare and mine array,
And to a pleasaunt groue I gan passe,
Long or the bright sonne vp risen was,

Id. The Flowre and the Leafe.

And yet mine aucthour, as it is skill
To folow, I must tel her arraiyment
She was full nice, soules like to spill
As nice in countenance yet as in garment.
Id. The Remedie of Loue.

By letters, and by messengers,

And warned all his officers,

That euery thynge be well araide!-Gower. Con. A. b. i.

So that vpon that other daie

He came, where he this hoste behelde,

And that was in a large felde

Where the baners ben displaied.

He hath anone his men araide.-Id. Ib. b. ii.

Than the Normans imbateled ye footmen, and sette horsemen for wynges on euery syde, by whiche whyle the Engyshe men were deseuered, and soone out of araye. Fabyan, c. 217.

Alse arraiment in like wise as al other things ought to be referred to the husbands will, if he like simple arayment, Let her be content to weare it.

Vises. The Instruction of a Christian Woman, b. ii. c. 8. The Duke of Yorke is newly come from Ireland, And with a puissant and a mighty power Of gallow glasses and stout kernes, Is marching hitherward in proud array.

Shakespeare. 2 Part Henry VI. Act iv. sc. 9. Drie vp your teares, and sticke your rosemarie On this faire coarse, and as the custome is, And in her best array beare her to church.

Id. Romeo & Juliet, Act iv. sc. 5. The prime orb, Incredible bow swift, had thither rowl'd Diurnal, or this less volubil earth By shorter flight to th' east, had left him there Arraying with reflected purple and gold The clouds that on his western throne attend.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. iv. In limp'd the blacksmith; after slept his queen, Whose light arraiment was of lovely green.

F. Beaumont. Hermaphrodite. When channticleer the second watch had sung, Scorning the scorner sleep from bed I sprung. And dressing, by the moon, in loose array Pass'd out in open air, preventing day, And sought a goodly grove as fancy led my way.

Dryden. The Fl. & Leaf. Chaucer (ut supra). A mountain is an object of grandeur; and its dignity receives new force by mixing with the clouds; and arraying itself in the majesty of darkness.-Gilpin. Tour to the Lakes. The strength of the phalanx depended on sixteen ranks of ang pikes, wedged together in the closest array. Gibbon. Roman Empire, c. 1. ARRE, . Evidently formed from the sound. But ignorant they are of the true cause indeed, which is for that a dog is, by nature, fell and quarrelsome, given to are and war upon a very small occasion.

ARRE'AR, n. ARREAR, U.

Plutarch. Morals, p. 726. Fr. Arrière, from Ad-retro, (Menage,) to the rere or back. To back to go or come back or behind; to put or drive back; to remain behind. See RERE.

ARRE'ARAGE.

ARRIE'RE.

Forth went knyght & sueyn, & fote men alle in fere,
The Walsch com tham ageyn, did our men alle arere.
R. Gloucester, p. 241.
Beide falleth the servant. so depe in arrirages
As doth the reyve othr the conterroller. that rekene mot
and acounte

Of al that thei haven hadd.-Piers Plouhman, p. 199.

My blaspheming now haue I bougt ful dere
All earthly ioy and mirth I set arere:
Alas this day, alas this wofull tide
Whan I began with my Goddes to chide.
Chaucer. The Test. of Creseide.
For yet saw I nevir man that was of thy manere ;
Sometyme thou wilt avaunte, and some tyme arere;
Now thow wilt, and now thow n'olt.

Id. The Merchant. Second Tale.

His lordes shepe, his nete, and his deirie,
His swine, his hors, his store, and his pultrie,
Were holly in this reves governing,
And by his covenant yave he rekening,
Sin that his lord was twenty yere of age;
Ther coude no man bring him in average.

Id. The Prologue, v. 604.

Till he a man hath ouerthrowe, Shall no man knowe by his chere, Whiche is auant, and whiche arere.-Gower. Con. A. b. iii. Perceiving now that they should not be able to pay the arrearages of the rent due to the Commonweal, and seeing no other remedy, they prayed him to take a piece of money, and to leave the bargain.-North. Plutarch, p. 167.

And thus dividing of my fatal hours,
The payments of my love, I read, and cross,
Substracting, set my sweets into my sours,

My joy's arrearage leads me to my loss.-Drayton. Ideas. As the lieutenant returned with a great bootie to the consull, one Athenagoras, a captain under the king, charged upon the taile of the arriergard, disordered the hindmost, and impeached their passage over the river. Holland. Livy, p. 789. [Cato] rode himselfe to the second legion which was in the arrereward for supply.-Id. Ib. p. 863.

Larchant. All these have serv'd against the hereticks And therefore beg your grace you would remember Their wounds, and lost arrears.

Dryden. Duke of Guise, Act v. sc. 2. For much I dread due payment by the Greeks Of yesterday's arrear, since yonder chief, Inactive now, will, likeliest, feel again His thirst for battle and rejoin the fight.

ARRE/CT, v. I

Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. xiii. Lat. Arrect-um, past part. ARRE CT, adj. of Arrigere, to set up, to raise. Arrect, in Burnet and Sir T. More, seems formed from the Low Lat. Arrettare. See ARETTE. Princes most pusant of hygh pre-eminence Renowned lady aboue the sterry heuyn My supplicacion to you I arrecte.

Skelton. To Dame Pallas.

But God, because he hath from the beginnyng chosen the to euerlastynge blisse, therefore he arrecteth no blame of theyr deedes vnto them.-Sir T. More. Workes, fo. 271.

The emperor might, per-case, think that the pope was about to arect unto him the falsifying of the said brief; therefore you can be contented that that matter be put off. Burnet. Records, b. ii. No. 25.

:

In all these must we have our part with Christ; in the transverse of his crosse, by the ready extension of our hands to all good works of piety, justice, charity in the arrectary, or beame of his crosse, by continuance, and uninterrupted perseverance in good. Bp. Hall. Sermon. Galatians, ii. 20. God speaks, not to the idle and unconcerned hearer, but to the vigilant and arrect.-Bp. Smalridge. Serm. p. 9. ARRE/PTION. Į Lat. Arreptum, past part. ARREPTITIOUS. of Arripiere, from Ad; and Rapio, to seize, to snatch.

Arreptitious. It. Arrettizio; Low Lat. Arreptitius, is applied to one seized or possessed; to a demoniack; and hence

Mad, crackbrained.

This arreption was sudden; yet Elisha sees both the chariot, and the horses, and the ascent.

Bp. Hall. Con. Rapture of Elisha. They stick not to term their predictions of Christ to be mere mock-oracles, and odd arreptitious, frantick extravagancies.-Howell, b. iv. Let. 43.

ARREST, v. I Fr. Arrester; It. Arrestare; ARRE'ST, n. Sp. Arrestar; Ger. Arestieren,

from A. S. Rest-an, to rest. To be or put at rest, to quiet, to still: and hence

To stop, to stay, to retain, to detain, to seize, to apprehend.

& that the one halfe of the price of the saide horse, gelding, or mare, shall be to the vse of the seisor and arrestor of the same.

Rastal. A Collection of Statutes, &c. p. 171. Ones quath he ich was yherborwed. wt an hep of chapmen Ich aros and rifled here males. wenne thei a reste were. Piers Ploukman, p. 99.

And forth we riden a litel more than pas,
Unto the watering of Seint Thomas:
And ther our hoste began his hors arest,
And saide; lordes, herkeneth if you lest.

Chaucer. The Prologue, v. 829.
They [bachelors] live but as a bird or as a beste,
In libertee and under non areste.

Id. The Marchantes Tale, v. 9158.

And by the welle, adoun she gan her dresse
Alas, than cometh a wild lionesse

Out of the wode, withouten more areest
With blody mouth.

Id. The Legend of Thisbe.

This fals knight in his degree Arested was, and put in holde.-Gower. Con. A. b. ii. Now in the meane season, did master Tyrell ride to London, and founde ye meanes that the Cardinal sent downe doctour Capon, and a sergeant of armes, called Gybsō, which did arest mee in the uniuersite, for to appere before your graces counsell.-Barnes. Workes, p. 221.

He [Richarde the First] returned againe into England, and landed at Sandwiche, and so came to London, where, when he had arested him a little while, he then roade with a certeine number of knightes to Notingham, and wanne the castell by force.-Grafton. Rich. I. an. 8.

Consent to pay thee that I neuer had :-
Arrest me foolish fellow if thou dar'st.

Id. Love's Labour Lost, Act ii. sc. 1.

Then by my honesty he shall briefly make his arrest in the yard, in despight of his wonderfull birth and famous adventures.-Shelion. Don Quixote.

No more a lover but a mortal foe,

I seek her life (for love is none below;)
As often as my dogs with better speed
Arrest her flight is she to death decreed,

Dryden. Theodore & Honoria.

Thus shall the sons of science sink away,
And thus of beauty fade the fairest flower,
For where's the giant who to time shall say,
Destructive tyrant, I arrest thy power.

Walcot. To my Candle. ARRIDE. Lat. Adridere, to smile upon, (Ad-ridere,) to wear a smiling or pleasing aspect; to please, to gratify.

Fast. 'Fore heavens, his humour arrides me exceedingly. Car. Arrides you?

Fast. I, pleases me, I am so haunted at the court, and at my lodging, with your refined choise spirits, that it makes me cleane of another garbe, another sheafe, I know not how! I cannot frame mee to your harsh vulgar phrase, 'tis against my genius.

B. Jonson. Every Man out of His Humour, Act ii. sc. 1.
Moc.
Her form answers my affection.

It arrides me exceedingly.

To come to shore, to sail to; generally to come to, to reach, to attain.

Aboute Southamptō he a ryuede ich vnderstonde.
R. Gloucester, p. 62.
Whan he had regned foure yere, one ryued vpon his right,
A duke of Danmark.-R. Brunne, p. 10.

The fift sorow ther after com, whan William conqueroure,
That argued on this lond, Harald he slouh in stoure.
Id. p. 8.

O wale of life to hem that go or ride
Hauen after tempest surest up to riue
On me haue mercie for thy ioyes fiue.

Who shall spread his aerie flight

Upborn with indefatigable wings

Over the vast abrupt, ere he arrive

The happy ile.-Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

The first [opinion] is that of Aristotle, drawn from the increment and gestation of this animal (the deer) that is, its sudden arrivance into growth and maturity, and the small time of its remainder in the womb.

Brown. Vulgar Errours. b. iii. c. 9.

Man's life is even a short passage,
Paine upon paine is his arrivage:
And then comes death that spareth none.

Holland. Plutarch, p. 424. At his first entrance and arrirage, he [Pertinax] assaied by rough hand to suppresse the rebellions of the army. Speed. The Romans, c. 21.

When we act prudently, we have no reason to be disheartened; because, having good intentions, and using fit means, and having done our best, as no deserved blame, so no considerable damage can arrive to us.

Barrow, vol. i. Ser. 1. Alph. Our watchmen, from the tow'rs, with longing eyes Expect his swift arrival.

Dryden. Spanish Fryar, Act i. sc. 1. In the epistles of St. Paul, St. Peter, and St. James, we find frequent mention of the coming of our Lord, in terms which, like those of the text, may at first seem to imply an expectation in those writers of his speedy arrival. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 1. Fr. S'Arroger; It. Arrogar-si; Sp. Arrogar; Lat. Arrogatum, past part. of Arrogate (Ad, and rogare, from Opeyew, to stretch out, to reach after, to seek after.)

A'RROGATE. A'RROGANCE. A'RROGANCY.

A'RROGANT.

A'RROGANTLY.
ARROGATION.

A'RROGATIVE.

To seek after, ask, require; to claim, to demand: to assume.

Arrogant; arrogating too much; making unjust pretensions, undue demands; assuming, presuming.

Arrogant is he that thinketh that he hath those bountees in him, that he hath not, or weneth that he shulde have hem by his deserving, or elles that demeth that he be that he is not.-Chaucer. The Persones Tale.

But for ye speken of swiche gentillnesse,
As is descended out of old richesse,
That therfore shullen ye be gentilmen;
Swiche arrogance n'is not worth an hen.

Id. The Wif of Bathes Tale, v. 6694. This place [Math. xvi.] the byshops & priestes not vnderstandyng, doe arrogate vnto theselues some thyng of the Phariseis pride: forasmuch as they thinke they may condemne innocentes, or release sinners.

An Epitome of Barnes. Workes, p. 371. To be assured of our saluation, S. Augustine saithe, it is no arrogante stoutenesse: it is our faith, it is no pride: it is deuotion, it is no presumption. it is Goddes promisse. Jewel. Defence of the Apologie, p. 77. If a wise ma wel warned, aduisedly will way the sentence, he shall find the hole boke nothing els, but falshed vnder pretext of playnesse, crueltie vnder the cloke of pietie, sedicio vnder the colour of counsayl, proud arrogancie vnder ye name of supplicacion.

Sir T. More. Workes, p. 290. Which for none other purpose exalt eche of the for their part the dignitie of their own apostle, but because themselfes would be had in greater estimacion, iudging in this euen as foolishly of theself, as of them in whose behalfe they doe arrogantly bragge and crake.-Udal. 1 Corin. c. 4.

To the sacred name of poets, as I believe, they can never have any just claime, so shall I not dare by this essay to lay any title, since more sweate and oyle he must spend who shall arrogate so excellent an attribute. Habington. The Author.

Till one shall rise

Of proud ambitious heart, who not content
With fair equalitie, fraternal state,
Will arrogate dominion undeserv'd
Over his brethren, and quite dispossess
Concord and law of nature from the earth.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. xii. Where shall the blood of those millions of souls, which miscarried through this arrogant usurpation, be required. but at those hands, who would rather chuse the world should perish, than their crest should fall?

Bp. Hall. Peace Maker, s. 17. Pride hath no other glasse To show itselfe, but pride: for supple knees Feede arrogance, and are the proud man's fees. Shakespeare. Troil. & Cress. Act iii. sc. 3.

He woudd not allow, that one man should come often to the feasts. And if any man were invited thither to the feasts, and did refuse to come, he did set a fine on his head, as reproving the miserable niggardliness of the one, and the presumptuous arrogancy of the other, to contemn and despise common order. North. Plutarch, p. 77.

The particulars of this new arrogation of Rome are so many, that they cannot be pent up in a strait room. I only instance in some few. The Pope's infallibity of judgment. Hall. The Old Religion, c. 17.

[I do] not see humility and self denyal, and acknowledgment of their own unworthiness of such things as they aimed at, nor mortification, not of the body (for that's sufficiently insisted upon) but of the more spiritual arrogative life of the soul, that subtill ascribing that to ourselves that is God's, for all is God's.-H. More. Song of the Soul. Notes annexed.

The half-lettered are forward, and arrogate to themselves what a modest studious man dares not, though he knows more.-Wollaston. Religion of Nature, s. 3.

Is it not monstrous arrogance for us, in derogation to his will, to pretend giving law, or picking a station to ourselves?-Barrow, vol. iii. Ser. 4.

Arrogance is always offensive; because in demanding more than its due (for this meaning appears in the etymology of the word) it manifests a petulant and injurious disposition, that disdains to be controlled by good breeding or any other restraint.-Beattie. Moral Science, pt. i. c. 2. A'RROW. A. S. Arwe, from Gearo, part. A'RROWY. of Ge-arwian, to prepare, make ready, to dress; q. d. prepared for battle, (Skinner.) Applied to a material

to

Prepared, dressed; sc. to be shot from a bow.
Myd arwen & myd quareles so muche folk first me slow,
And seththe with speres smyton a doun, that deol was
R. Gloucester, p. 48.
ynow.

A shefe of peacock arwes bright and kene
Under his belt he bare ful thriftily.
Wel coude he dresse his takel yemanly.
His arwes drouped not with fetheres lowe,
And in his hond he bare a mighty bowe.

Chaucer. The Prol. The Yeman.

And ten broad arrowes held he there
Of which fiue in his hond were
But they were shauen well and dight
Nocked and fethered a right.-Id. Rom. of the Rose.
Meane space, with all his care he chus'd, and from his
quiver drew

An arrow, fethered best for flight, and yet that never flew; Strong headed and most apt to pierce: then tooke he up his bow,

And nockt his shaft; the ground whence all their future griefe did grow.-Chapman. Homer. Iliad, b. iv.

My arrowes

Too slightly timbred for so loud a winde,
Would haue reuerted to my bow againe.

Shakespeare. Hamlet, Act iv. sc. 7.
He saw them in thir forms of battel rang'd,
How quick they wheel'd, and flying behind them shot
Sharp sleet of arrowy shower against the face
Of thir pursuers, and overcame by flight.

Milton. Paradise Regained, b. iii. Mean time the virgin-huntress was not slow T expel the shaft from her contracted bow: Beneath his ear the fastned arrow stood, And from the wound appear'd the trickling blood. Dryden. Meleager & Atalanta. As the feath'ry snows Fall frequent, on some wint'ry day, when Jove Hath ris'n to shed them on the race of man, And show his arrowy stores.-Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. xii. A/RSENAL. Fr. Arcenal; It. Arsinale; Sp. Arsenal; a word of unsettled etymology. Junius conjectures that it is contracted from the It. Arce navale, as the Fr.

"An armoury, a store-house of armour; artillery, shipping or ships."-Cotgrave.

This L. Quintius, the only hope of the Romans, the man who was to set upright theire empire now distressed, occupied then a piece of ground, to the quantitie of some foure acres, called to this day Quintia prata, i. e. Quintius his meaddowes, on the other side of the Tyber, over against that very place where now the arsenall and ship dockes are. Holland. Livy, p. 106.

Thence to the famous orators repair,
Those ancients, whose resistless eloquence
Wielded at will that fierce democratie,
Shook the arsenal and fulmin'd over Greece
To Macedon, and Artaxerxes' throne.

Milton. Paradise Regained, b. iv.
His wise providence hath made one country the granery,
another the cellar, another the orchard, another the arsenal
of their neighbours, yea, of the remotest parts.
Bp. Hall. A Censure of Travel.
By thee entrusted with supreme command,
When thou art absent, to Phaleron's port,
Late arsenal of Athens.-Glover. Athenaid, b. iv.

ARSENICK.Į Fr. Arsenic; It. Arsenico; ARSE'NICAL. Sp. Arsenico; Lat. Arsenicum; Gr. ApoEvikov, auri-pigmentum. Gr. Αρσενικόν, masculine; Appηy, or Apony, mas, male. And the

mineral, so called from its masculine force in destroying man. Vossius, Orpiment.

As for arsenicke, that which is best of this kind resembleth burnished gold in colour.-Holland. Plinie, b. xxxiv. c. 18. All subterrany fuel hath a kind of virulent or arsenical vapour rising from it.-Evelyn. Fumifugium.

A'RSEVERSY. Fr. A renverse, à revers; It. A'Rinverso, A'riverso.

Reverse, or turned backwards; placed preposterously.

But the matters beinge turned arsye versye, they haue the fruicion of those pleasures that neuer shall decaye: and you bewayle youre shorte and folyshe fyne tyngred pleasures in euerlasting tormentes.-Udal. James, c. 5.

A'RSON.

Saddle-bow. Fr. Arçon de la selle; It. Arcione; Bar. Lat. Arcio. Thus traced by Menage from Arcus, a bow; Lat. Arcus, arcuus, arcuo, arcyo, arcio, arcione, arçon, arzon.

Between the saddle and the arsoun,
The stroke of that felon glode adown,
Withouten wem or wound.

Guy of Warwick. Ellis, vol. ii. Arson, ab ardendo, is the malicious and wilful burning of the house or out-house of another man.

ᎪᎡᎢ .

A'RTFUL.

A'RTFULLY.
A'RTFULNESS.

ARTISAN.
ARTIST.
A'RTLESS.
A'RTLESSLY.
ARTIFICE.
ARTIFICER.
ARTIFICIAL.
ARTIFICIALLY.
A'RTSMAN.

the science.

Blackstone. Commentaries, b. iv. c. 16.
Fr. Ars; It. Arte; Sp. Arte;
Lat. Ars, από της αρετής.
Apern; i. e. manly strength
or skill.

Power, ability, skill, science, cunning. See SCIENCE.

Art and science may be distinguished thus:- Science is knowledge; art is power or skill in the use of knowledge: the art is the practical use of the science (e. g. of logick), of the principles of

The best artist is he who uses the science, the principles of the science, with greatest practical skill and dexterity.

Artifice is now commonly applied where deception is intended. But see the quotation from Brown.

And

Artful, where an evil design is imputed.

Of arte he had the maistrie, he mad a corven kyng
In Cantebrige to the clergie, or his brother were kyng.
Sithen was neuer non of arte so that sped,
Ne bifore bot on, that in Cantebrigge red.

R. Brunne, p. 336.
In felawship wel coude she laughe and carpe
Of remedies of love she knew parchance,
For of that arte she could the olde dance.

Chaucer. The Prologue. The Wif of Eath. Of hem that ben artificers, Whiche vsen craftes and misters, Whose arte is cleped mechanike.-Gower. Con... b. vii. And as ye see a thing made by artifice perishe, and a naturall thing lost: I am in great feare, that after my death, he will tourne that way that his mother hath childed

and not as I haue nourished him.-The Golden Boke, c 42.

So that the capitayn named Zaunqun was slayne with many other, to the nombre of xviii M. & aboue, as wytnesyth ye Frenshe boke, ouer many whiche were there taken prysoners of poore men and artuficers, for the multitude of ye gentylmen were vpon the erlys partie.

Fabyan. Philip de l'aloys, an. 1.

The mindes of the faithful shal be more refreshed, & filled wt this holsome foode, thus ministred by a simple person, then if ye supersticiouse Pharisey, the arrogant philosophier, or eloquent rhetorician, would for the aduauncyng and setting forthe of theselfes make vnto the people an artificia oracion or sermon, whiche they had diligently studied, & long time prouided for aforehand.-Udal. Mark, c. 6.

In ye kinges palace there bee pillers of golde carued about we vines of golde, wherin the images of those birdes they delighte most in, be artificially wrought.

Brende. Quintus Curtius, fol. 234. The sayde authour sayth also that the aforesaide Rosamond had a little coffer scarcely two foote long, merueylous artificially wrought, wherein gyauntes seeme to fight beastes do startle and stirre, and fowles fliyng in the ayre and fishes swim in the water, without any mannes mouyng or helpe.-Grafton. Hen. II. an. 22.

Studious they appear

Of arts that polish life, inventers rare,
Unmindful of their maker, though his Spirit
Taught them, but they his gifts acknowledg'd none.
Milton. Paradise Lost, b. x

general terms for particulars.

From this necessity of general terms, follows immediately the necessity of the article: whose business it is to reduce their generality, and upon occasion to enable us to employ Tooke. Div. of Purley, vol. i. c. 5. ARTILLERY. Į Fr. Artillerie; It. ArtigliARTILLERIST, n. eria; Sp. Artilleria; Low Lat. Artillaria. (Arcualia, Vossius.) Caseneuve thinks it may be formed of Arcus and tēlum: Menage and Du Cange from the old Fr. Artiller, to render strong by art. The Fr. Artillier is a bowyer or maker of bows. See the quotation from Fairefax.

Artillery was applied to offensive and defensive instruments or machines: to warlike weapons of various kinds : latterly to the larger pieces of fire-arms, cannon, mortars, howitzers, &c.

Certes, I understond it in this wise, that I shall warnestore min hous with toures, swiche as han castelles and other manere edifices, and armure, and artelries, by which thinges I may my persone and myn hous so kepen and defenden, that min enemies shuln ben in drede min hous for to approche.-Chaucer. The Tale of Melibeus.

& vpo the morowe folowynge comaundyd all the armoure and artylery belonging vnto ye towne, to be brought to a place by hym assynged, and there to be kept by his offycers. Fubyan. Car. VI. an. 14. The gods forbid (quoth he) one shaft of thine Should be discharg'd gainst that discourteous knight, His heart vnworthie is (shootresse diuine) Of thine artillerie to feele the might.

Fairefax. Tasso, b. xvii.

And if thou hast the mettle of a king,
Being wrong'd as we are by this peeuish toune;
Turne thou the mouth of thy artillerie,
As we will ours, against these sawcie walles.

Shakespeare. King John, Act ii. sc. 2.
-As when two black clouds

With heav'n's artillery fraught, come rattling on
Over the Caspian, then stand front to front
Hov'ring a space, till winds the signal blow
To joyn their dark encounter in mid air.

Milton. Paradise Lost, b. ii.

Now was Eretria by all forcible means assaulted, for not only the vessels of three joynt navies had brought thither all sorts of engins and artillerie devised for to shake and batter the walls of cities, but also the fields and country hard by, yeelded them plentie of timber and other matter to make new.-Holland. Livy, p. 818.

They are persecutors even of Horace himself, as far as they are able, by their ignorant and vile imitations of him; by making an unjust use of his authority, and turning his artillery against his friends.-Dryden. All for Love, Pref.

It is related by some historians, that Edward [III.] besides the resources which he found in his own genius and presence of mind, employed also a new invention against the enemy, and placed in his front some pieces of artillery, the first that had yet been made use of in Europe.

Hume. Hist. of England, an. 1346.

You must really send me the balance soon, I have the artillerists and my Suliotes to pay.

ARU'SPICE.

Byron. Letler to Hancock, Feb. 8, 1824.

It. Aruspicio; Sp. Aruspice; ARU'SPICY. Lat. Apes, or Haruspex. See the quotation from Holland.

Aruspices were wisards or soothsayers, directed by the bowels or inwards of beasts killed for sacrifice, called also Extispices.-Holland. Livy. Expos. of Tearmes.

These prodigious fights, by direction from the aruspices [i. e. the soothsayers] were expiate, and the gods pacified with greater sacrifices.-Id. Ib. p. 516.

They [the Romans] had colleges for their augurs and aruspices, who us'd to make their predictions sometimes by fire, sometimes by flying of fowls, sometimes by inspection into the entrails of beasts, or invoking the dead.

Howell, b. iii. Let. 23.

A flam more senseless than the roguery
Of old auruspicy and augury,
That out of garbages of cattle

Presag'd th' events of truce or battle.-Hudibras, pt. ii. c. 3. AS, is an article; and (however and whenever used in English) means the same as it, or that, or which. In the German, where it still evidently retains its original signification and use, (as So also does,) it is written Es. See Tooke, vol. i. p. 274.

Tooke has resolved an instance of Als for all as, to which the following may be added in confirmation of his explanation of As.

His mouth is that of or similar to that of a lion, his heart is that of a hare (Gloucester.)

Cassiodore sayth, that he who vengeth himself by outrage, doth that same evil or same degree of evil, that he doth who committeth the outrage (Chaucer.)

Sure I would accept these offers, if I were that, or the man that Alexander is; or in the situation that Alexander is (Bacon.)

These resolutions require some words to be supplied according to the context; e. g. cause, means, instrument, manner, state or condition, &c.; for the cause that, in the manner that, &c. Sire, heo seyde, y leue not that my sustren al soth seide. Ac for me my self, ich wol soth segge of this dede. Ych the loue as the mon that my fader ys, And euer habbe y loued as my fader, & euer wole y wys. R. Gloucester, p. 30. Clerc he was god ynou, and gut, as me telleth me. He was more than ten ver old, ar he couthe ys abece. Id. p. 266.

The on alf vel adoun anon, the other byleuede stylle
In the sadel, they yt wonder were, as yt was Gode's wylle.
Id. p. 401.
Myd word he thretneth muche, & lute deth indede,
Hys mouth ys as a leon, hys herte arn as an hare.

Of all that grete tresoure that euer he biwan, Als bare was his toure as Job the pouere man.

Id. p. 457.

R. Brunne, p. 323.
For Cassiodore sayth, that as evil doth he that vengeth
him by outrage, as he that doth the outrage.
Chaucer. The Tale of Melibeus.

The rightful juge, which that ye han served,
Shal yeve it you, as ye han it deserved.

By nature he knew eche ascentioun
Of the equinoctial in thilke toun;

For whan degrees fiftene were ascended,
Than crew he, that it might not ben amended.
Chaucer. The Nonnes Prestes Tale, vv. 14,861-3,

He kept his patient a ful gret del
In houres by his magike naturel.
Wel coude he fortunen the ascendant

Of his images for his patient.-Id. The Prol. v. 419.

He loketh the coniunctions,

He loketh the recepcions,

His signe, his houre, his ascendent,

And draweth fortune of his assent.-Gower. Con. A. b. vi.

Æneas now, and wretched Dido eke

To the forest a hunting minde to wende
To morne, as soon as Titan shall ascend,
And with his beames hath ouerspred the world.

Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. iv, On the morow being the third dai of January, and Saturday, in a fayre playne on black heth, more nerer the foote of shoters hyl then the ascendent of the hyll called black heth hyl, was pitched a riche cloth of gold. Hall. Henry VIII. an. 31.

Here's a prophet that I brought with me
From forth the streets of Pomfret, whom I found
With many hundreds trading on his heeles:
To whom he sung in rude harsh sounding rimes,
That ere the next Ascension day at noone,
Your Highness should deliuer vp your crowne.
Shakespeare. King John, Act iv. sc. 2.

Id. The Knightes Tale, v. 2319. Gladly, quod she, sin that it may you like. But that I pray to all this compagnie, If that I speke after my fantasie, As taketh not a greefe of that I say, For min entente is not but for to play.

Id. The Wif of Bathes Prologue, v. 5771.

It were better dike and delue,
And stande vpon the right feith,
Than knowe all that the bible seith.

And erre, as some clerkes do.-Gower. Con. A. The Prol.
And like an oxe vnder the fote
He graseth as he nedes mote

To getten him his liues foode.-Id. Ib. b. i.

The multitude of angels with a shout
Loud as from numbers without number, sweet

As from blest voices, uttering joy.-Millon. Par. Lost, b.iii.

As if (which might induce us to accord)
Man had not hellish foes enow besides,
That day and night for his destruction waite.-Id. Ib. b. ii.

As one who in his journey bates at none,
Tho' bent on speed, so heer the archangel paus'd.
Id. Ib. b. xii.

It is very visible, that all sensual excess is naturally attended with a double inconvenience. As it goes beyond the limits of nature, it begets bodily pains and diseases: as it transgresseth the rules of reason and religion, it breeds guilt and remorse in the mind.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 28.

Hee hath deserued worthily of his country, and his assent is not by such easie degrees as those, who haue beene supple and courteous to the people.

Shakespeare. Coriolanus, Act ii. sc. 2.

So likewise in the year we observe the cold to augment, when the days begin to increase, though the sun be then ascensive, and returning from the winter tropick.

Brown. Vulgar Errours, b. iv. c. 13.

The cartilaginous kind, [of fishes] which, by what artifice they poize themselves, ascend and descend at pleasure, and continue in what depth of water they list, is as yet unknown to us.-Ray. On the Creation.

Christ, that he might not make either a suspected or precarious address to men's understandings, outdoes Moses before he displaces him: shews an ascendent spirit over him raises the dead, and cures more plagues than he brought upon Egypt.-South, vol. i. Ser. 6.

Arimant. Madam, you have a strange ascendant gain'd, You use me like a courser, spurr'd and rein'd: If I fly out, my fierceness you command, Then sooth, and gently stroke me with your hand.

Dryden. Aurenge-Zebe, Act ii.

In the first fire-engines, a boy was constantly employed to open and shut alternately the communication between the boiler and the cylinder, according as the piston either ascended or descended.-Smith. Wealth of Nations, b. i. c. i. Fire fill'd his eyes;

Turning, he bade the multitude without
Ascend the rampart; they his voice obey'd,
Part climb'd the wall, part pour'd into the gate.

Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. xii.

This [Laud, Bishop of London] was the man who acquired so great an ascendant over Charles, and who led him, by the facility of his temper, into a conduct which proved so fatal to himself and to his kingdoms.

Hume. Hist. of England, an. 1630.

That predominant love of righteousness and hatred of iniquity, maintaining an absolute ascendancy in the mind in all times and upon all occasions, which the Psalmist attributes to his heavenly King, has belonged to none that ever wore an earthly crown.-Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 7.

Themistocles now entered. At his look
Which carry'd strange ascendancy, a spell
Controlling nature, was the youth abash'd.

Glover. Athenaid, b. xiv

My hands to heauen I held, and prayed, and giftes and off rings pure,

In fires to them I threw; and all my duty done with cure, Archises I ascertaine then, and him declare the caas. Phaer. Eneidos, b. iii. In whiche tyme, and soone after, whereof the tyme is nat duely ascertagned, dyed the forenamed kynge Lowys surnamed nought doynge.-Fabyan, c. 177.

Truely this I ascertaine you, whosoeuer is angrie wt his brother shal be in daunger of judgemēt.-Udal. Matt. c. 5. Necessary it is that both good and badde knew it. The fathfull to be assartened that their finall redemption is at hande, to their consolation. The vnfaithfull to haue knoweige that their judgemente is not farre of, that they may repeat and be saued.-Bale. Image, pt. i.

For nought of them is yours, but th' only usance
Of a small time, which none ascertaine may.

Spenser. Daphnaida, vii. 2.

The last (a disposition in the mind to remove difficulties] makes us act with a repose of mind, and wonderful tranalty, because it ascertains us of the goodness of our work-Dryden. On Dufresnoy, § 435.

He tells us, that the positive ascertainment of its limits, its security from invasion, were among the causes for which civil society itself has been instituted.

Burke. On the French Revolution.

To what common use or want of the insect kind, a provrica so universal [i. e. the antennæ] is subservient, has

than we are with insects.

yet been ascertained; and it has not been ascertained, case it admits not of a clear, or very probable comparison, with any organs which we possess ourselves, or with the eans of animals which resemble ourselves, in their functins and faculties, or with which we are better acquainted We want a ground of analogy. Paley. Theology, c. 19. It. Ascettico; Gr. AonTIKOS, from aσk-e, to exercise. It is applied by the Greek fathers to those who exercise themselves in, who employ themselves in, who devote themselves ta, the contemplation of divine things: and for that purpose, separate themselves from all intermurse with the world.

ASCE TICK, n. ASCETICK, adj. ASCEPTICISM.

Anthony de Corro.. was born at Sevil in Spain, educated there from his childhood in the Roman Catholic religion, and was at length an ascetic, but whether a monk or fryer I know not.—Wood. Athene Oxoniensis.

He [Bishop Burnet] resolved to live in a more retired manner, than he had done hitherto; and abstracting himself f all mixt company, confining himself wholly to study and the duties of his function, he entered into such an caretic course, as had well nigh put an end to his life.

The Life of Bp. Burnet, c. 13.

The Ametier, who obeyed and abused the rigid precepts of the mapel were inspired by the savage enthusiasm, which represents man as a criminal, and God as a tyrant. They seriously renounced the business and the pleasures of the sare: abjured the use of wine, of flesh, and of marriage; chastised their body, mortified their affections, and embraced a life of misery, as the price of eternal happiness. Gibbon. History, c. 37. The truth is, we have seen, and yet do see, religious societies, whose religious doctrines are so little serviceable to eivl government, that they can prosper only on the ruin and destruction of it. Such are those which teach the sancCity of celibacy and asceticism.-Warburton. Alliance, b. ii.

To write to, or into; to write in addition; to write or place among or to the account of; to harge against, to impute, to attribute.

Oye traitours & maintainers of madnesse,
to your faly I ascribe all my paine;
Ye hate me deprived of ioy and gladnesse,
& dealing with my lord and soueraine.

Chaucer. Lam. of Marie Magdaleine.

But now thei be so far from this seperation, that thei * themselves into theyr felowship and communion, & Same one of the feinedly professe themselues to be memof that body. Caluine. Foure Godlye Sermons, Ser. 1. Yf any nanghtines therefore bee in vs, let vs not ascribe it to God, but voto our own selfes: and if any good thing, if By true light, if any vndefiled wisedom be in vs, let vs atade it whody vnto God the autor.-Udal. S. James, c. 1. Herespon the Athenians do aseribe that day for a most rtunate day, and are very circumspect to do any matter mportance on it.-North. Plutarch, p. 181.

Thus then is Brittany burthened with many titles vnder one truth; and these are the ascriptions, causes, and exceptions, as far as we are able to gather.

Speed. Hist. of Great Britaine, b. v. c. 2. The greater part have been forward to reject it, upon a mistaken persuasion, that those phænomena are the effects of nature's abhorrency of a vacuum, which seem to be more fitly ascribable to the weight and spring of the air. Boyle. Works, vol. i. p. 17.

I do not hereby ascribe any thing to the magistrate that can possibly give him any pretence of right to reject God's true religion, or to declare what he pleases to be so, and what books he pleases to be canonical, and the word of God. Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 27.

Behold, Sir Balaam, now a man of spirit,
Ascribes his gettings to his parts and merit;
What late he call'd a blessing, now was wit,
And God's good providence, a lucky hit.

Pope. Moral Essays, Ess. 3. These extraordinary convulsions of the material world must be ascribed to the power by which God in the beginning created it, and still directs the course of it. Horsley, vol. i. Ser. 9. ASCRIE; A and Skry, for cry, from Teut. Schreyen, (Skinner.)-Ger. Schreien, to cry out, to vociferate. The French, more correctly, use crier; and the English, to crie, (Wachter.)— Schrewing, exclamatio, a crying out, a shrieking, (Somner.) Skry is of common occurrence in G. Douglas; and the Glossarist observes, that it is frequently used on the Scottish border for cry; still exists in the compound descry; the French as to skry a fair; that is, to proclaim it. Skry descrier, decrier, is rather applied as the English See DESCRY. decry; i. e. to cry down.

Ascry is very common in our old chroniclers. Hall uses Unaskryed.

The kyng said on hie, "Symon ieo vous defie;
Edward was hardie, the Londres gan he ascrie."
R. Brunne, p. 217.

And taught hem how thei shulde askrie, All in a voice par companie.-Gower. Con. A. b. vii. In which campe about a xi of the clock at night, there arose an eskrye, so that the towne of Caleys began alarme. Hall. Hen. VIII. an. 5. Then the Bretaynes made an askrie and sette their beacons on fire.-Id. Ib.

So that by daye all the brydges were made, so that all the horsemen passed over, and askryed the countrey.-Id. Ib. Some of the French men came to Calice gate, and were ascried of the watche, and so rang alarme.-Grafton. Ib. In the morning a certeine number of gentlemen that were within the towne issued out to the number of two hundreth speares, to make a skrye in the Scottes hoste.

ASH, n. ASH, v. A'SHY.

}

Id. Edw. III. an. 16. D. Asche; Ger. Asche; Sw. Asca; Goth. Azgo; A. S. Asca, pulvis; Asce, cinis. Dust, ashes. Applied to-Dust produced by burning any substance to any similar dust.

Compare Chaucer and Gray.

Philip left his engynes withouten kepyng a nyght,
That perceyued the Sarazines, with fire brent tham down
right.

For he com on the morowe, assaut he wild haf gyuen,
His engyns fond he lorne, brent & tille askes dryuen.
R. Brunne, p. 176.

If in Tyre and Sydon the vertues hadden be don which han be don in you, sum tyme thei wolden han sete in hayre

and aischis, & haue doon penaunce.-Wiclif. Luk, c. 10. For whan we may not don, than wol we speken, Yet in our ashen cold is fire yreken.

Chaucer. The Reves Prologue, v. 3880. Ev'n in our ashes live their wonted fires.-Gray. Elegy. Tho came this woful Theban Palamon With flotery berd, and ruggy asshy heres, In clothes blake, ydropped all with teares.

Chaucer. The Knightes Tale, v. 2885.

Ye Troyan ashes, and last flames of mine,
I cal in witnesse, that at your last fall,
I fled no stroke of any Grekish swerd.

Surrey. Virgile. Eneis, b. iv.

If the said [Turkish] ambassador were here among us, he would think that our modern gallants were also all mad, or subject to be mad, because they ashe and powder their pericraniums all the year long.-Howell, b. iv. Let. 5.

They fondly thinking to allay Their appetite with gust, instead of fruit Chew'd bitter ashes, which th' offended taste With spattering noise rejected.-Milton. Par. Lost, b. x.

The clouds of sorrow fell on Peleus' son,
And grasping with both hands the ashes, down
He pour'd them on his head, his graceful brows
Dishonouring.
Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. xviii.
ASH. Of uncertain etymology. Skinner
A'SHEN. suggests the Greek Ave, to burn.
Wachter, the Greek Ioxvew, to be strong.

There sawe I eke the fresh hauthorne
In white motley, that so swote doth smell,
Asshe, firre, and oke, with many a yong acorne
And many a tree mo then I can tell.

Chaucer. The Blacke Knight, p. 271. The use of the ash is (next to that of the oak itself) one of the most universal: it serves the souldier, the carpenter, the wheelwright, cartwright, cooper, turner, and thatcher. Evelyn. Sylva, c. 6.

Then exercise thy sturdy steers to plough
Betwixt thy vines, and teach thy feeble row
To mount on reeds, and wands, and upward led,
On ashen poles to raise their forky head.

Dryden. Virgil, Georg. 2.

He fell, as falls the ash,

Which on some mountain visible afar, Hewn from its bottom by the woodman's axe, With all its tender foliage meets the ground. So Imbrius fell; loud rang his armour bright With ornamental brass.-Cowper. Homer. Iliad, b. xiii. ASHA'ME, v. The word exists in all the ASHA'MED. Snorthern dialects, and is interpreted by the various lexicographers, Erubescere --and perhaps the meaning of the word may be to blush, to redden. It is now applied to the feeling which occasions the blush. See SHAME.

This Lier was a schamed tho, and in wraththe at the ende
To hys other dogter, the quene of Cornewail, he gan
wende,
And playnede of the vnkynde dede of hys dogter Gornorille.
R. Gloucester, p. 32.

And whanne he seide these thingis alle his aduersaries weren ashamed: and al the puple joyede in alle thingis : that weren gloriously don of him.-Wiclif. Luke, c. 13.

An when he thus sayde, all hys aduersaryes were ashamed, and all the people reioysed on all the excellent dedes, that were done by hym.-Bible, 1539. Ib.

Now then when all false folke be ashamed, which wenen all bestialtie and yearthly thing, be sweeter and better to the bodie than heauenly is to the soule: this is the grace and the fruict that I long have desired; it doeth me good the savour to smell.-Chaucer. Test. of Loue, b. iii.

Fear not for thou shalt not be ashamed, neither shalt thou be confounded; for thou shalt not be put to shame: yea thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and shalt not remember the reproche of thy widowhead anie more. Geneva Bible. Isaiah, c. 54.

Exceeding wroth was Gayon at that blowe,
And much asham'd, that stroke of liuing arme
Should him dismay, and make him stoupe so lowe,
Though otherwise it did him little harme.

Spenser. Faerie Queene, b. ii. c. 5.

If we would fairly compare the necessity of things, and wisely weigh the concernments of this life and the other, in a just and equal balance, we should be ashamed to misplace our diligence and industry as we do.-Tillotson, vol. i. Ser. 34.

The modest speaker is asham'd and griev'd T'engross a moment's notice, and yet begs, Begs a propitious ear for his poor thoughts However trivial all that he conceives.-Coup. Task, b. iv. ASHO'RE. On shore. A. S. Sciran, to shear, to cut, to divide, to separate. Shore

The place where the continuity of land is sheared or separated by the water. See SHORE.

And when God shall send you in safetie into the Bay of S. Nicholas at an anker, you shall goe a shore with the first boate that shall depart from the ship, taking with you such letters as you have to deliuer to the agent there. Hackluyt. Voyages, vol. i. p. 273. Accordingly, on the 5th of April, 1680, we went ashoar on the isthmus, near Golden Island, one of the Samboloes, to the number of between 3 and 400 men.

Dampier. Voyage, vol. i. Introd. Storms rise t' o'erwhelm him: or, if stormy winds Rise not, the waters of the deep shall rise, And needing none assistance of the storm, Shall roll themselves ashore, and reach him there. Cowper. Task, b. ii.