What Makes Airplanes Fly?: History, Science, and Applications of AerodynamicsHow can an airplane weighing many tons stay aloft for many hours, flying so smoothly that the passengers may feel less like they are moving than they would in a car? The answer, of course, lies in the wings and the air they are moving through, and the study of the flow of air around airplane wings is part of the science of aerodynamics. This book is about aerodynamics in the broadest sense. In addition to airplanes, it discusses the aerodynamics of cars and birds, and the motion of diverse object thorugh air and water. The fundamental notions of mechanics and fluid dynamics -- that is, the basic physics underlying aerodynamics -- are clearly explained. The underlying science is discussed rigorously, but only elementary mathematics is used, and only occasionally. To put the science into its human context, the author describes (with many illustrations) the history of human attempts to fly and discusses the social impact of commercial aviation as well as the outlook for future developments. This book is addressed primarily to readers whose background is not in physics or engineering. It will deepen their knowledge of these fields and add to their appreciation of some exciting recent developements in technology. This new edition has been brought up to date throughout; solutions to selected exercises have been added, as well as new problems and other study aids. |
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Obsah
A Dream Comes True The Wright Brothers and Their Predecessors | 1 |
12 Mythology and Legend | 4 |
13 Early Adventures | 7 |
14 From Cayley to the Wright Brothers | 12 |
Milestones of the Modern Age | 29 |
22 Great Moments in Aviation | 31 |
The Nature of Liquids and Gases | 47 |
32 Behavior of Liquids at Rest | 50 |
Aerodynamic Lift | 127 |
82 Lift of the Infinitely Extended Wing | 133 |
83 The Finite Wing of an Airplane | 143 |
84 How Birds Fly and Why We Cannot Copy Them | 144 |
Notes on the Whole Airplane | 153 |
From Propellers to Rockets | 158 |
Toward High Speed Supersonic and Hypersonic Flight | 169 |
102 From Supersonic Transports to Future Dreams | 182 |
The Atmosphere of the Earth | 55 |
42 Structure | 57 |
43 Global Circulation | 63 |
Air in Motion | 65 |
52 Conservation of Mass and Energy | 70 |
53 Viscosity and Turbulence | 78 |
54 The Boundary Layer | 85 |
Turning to Aerodynamics | 91 |
62 Drag Lift and Other Coefficients | 98 |
Aerodynamic Drag | 101 |
72 The Strange Case of the Sphere | 105 |
73 Slender Bodies Skin Friction Airfoils | 109 |
74 Automobiles Etc | 117 |
Air Transportation and the OutlooK for the Future | 195 |
112 What Will the Future Bring? | 205 |
Facts from Algebra | 213 |
riodel Testing and Similarity | 217 |
A22 Dimensions and Units | 219 |
A23 Similarity Parameters and Model Testing | 221 |
History of the Metric System The SI System and Conversion Tables | 229 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | 235 |
Study Guide | 241 |
Figure and Table Credits | 251 |
253 | |
255 | |
Iné vydania - Zobraziť všetky
What makes airplanes fly?: history, science, and applications of aerodynamics Peter P. Wegener Zobrazenie úryvkov - 1991 |
Časté výrazy a frázy
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