Sir Philip Francis, K.C.B. (1825–1876), a grandson of Sir Philip Francis, was called to the bar at the Middle Temple, London, in 1845. In 1867, he was appointed Consul General in Constantinople, and Judge of the Supreme Consular Court of the Levant. He died 10 August 1876. He is said to have performed his long and most difficult duties with as much ability as integrity and uprightness.

Hon. Tench Francis, the eldest son of the Rev. John Francis, D.D., and Miss Tench, was born about 1700, probably in Ireland. He received an excellent classical education and came to America about 1720, and settled in Talbot County, Md., where he studied law and married 29 December 1724, Elizabeth Turbutt, born 17 March 1708, daughter of Hon. Foster Turbutt of "Otwell," Talbot County. He was Clerk of Talbot County Court, 1726-1734. One of the Burgesses in the Lower House of Assembly, 1734-1737, and Attorney General of Maryland, 1735-1737. He afterwards removed to Philadelphia, as a better field for his talents and where he became a leading lawyer. Attorney General of Pennsylvania, 1742-1754. Recorder of Philadelphia 1750-1755. He was very highly esteemed as a man, a lawyer and an author. He died 16 August 1758. At the time of his death, The Pennsylvania Gazette, of 24 August 1758, and of which Hon. Benjamin Franklin was the proprietor, said, "On Wednesday the 16th instant died here, TENCH FRANCIS, Esq., attorney at Law. He was no less remarkable for his strict Fidelity than for his profound Skill in his Profession. He filled the stations of Attorney General of this Province, and Recorder of this City, for a Number of Years, with the highest Reputation. His domestic Virtues made him dear to his Family; his Learning and Abilities valuable to the Community; to both his Death is a real Loss."

Mr. Francis is said to have been the first of the Philadelphia lawyers, "who mastered the technical difficulties of the profession." His life was full of professional honor and unlimited public respect.

The children of Hon. Tench and Elizabeth (Turbutt) Francis, were, John, Anne, Mary, Tench, Elizabeth, Margaret, Rachel Turbutt and Philip Francis.

John Francis, the eldest son, born in Talbot County, 20 January 1726, died unmarried.

Anne Francis, the eldest daughter, born in Talbot County 1 October 1727, died 18 December 1771, married 30 September 1743, Hon. James Tilghman. Their children were, Tench; Richard, who died unmarried; James, who married Elizabeth Buely; William, who became Chief Justice of Pennsylvania; Philemon, who entered the British Navy and married Harriet Milbanke, daughter of Admiral Milbanke, R. N.; Thomas Ringgold, who died unmarried; Anna Maria, who married William Hemsley; Elizabeth, who married Major James Lloyd; Mary, who died unmarried; and Henrietta Maria, who married her cousin Lloyd Tilghman.

Colonel Tench Tilghman, the eldest son of Hon. James and Anne (Francis) Tilghman, born in 1744, died in 1786, was an aid-de-camp to General George Washington during the War of the Revolution, and married in 1783, Anna Maria, daughter of Hon. Matthew Tilghman. Their eldest daughter, Anna Margaretta Tilghman, married in 1807, Tench Tilghman; and Elizabeth Tench Tilghman, her sister, married in 1811, Colonel Nicholas Goldsborough of "Otwell," Talbot County.

Mary Francis, born at "Fausley," Talbot County, 19 December 1729, died 1801, married William Coxe of New Jersey. One of their sons Tench Coxe, was an author and politician.

Tench Francis, Jr., born at "Fausley," 3 November 1731, died 2 May 1801, married Anne, daughter of Charles and Anne Willing of Philadelphia. Mr. Francis was for many years agent of the Penn family in connection with Proprietary interests, and the first Cashier of the Bank of North America. He was a friend of General George Washington, who frequently mentions him in his diary. One of his descendants, Hon. John Brown Francis, (1791-1864,) was Governor of Rhode Island, 1833-1838, and United States Senator, 1844-1845, and another descendant, Hon. Thomas Francis Bayard, (1828-1898,) United States Senator from Delaware, 1869-1885. Secretary of State, 1885-1889. Ambassador to Great Britain, 1893-1897.

Elizabeth Francis, born at "Fausley," 20 September 1733,

died in 1800, married John Lawrence. One of their granddaughters Margaret Allen married her cousin Chief Justice William Tilghman before mentioned, and her sister Mary Allen married Hon. Henry Walter Livingston of Livingston Manor, New York.

Margaret Francis, born at "Fausley," 24 August 1735, died in 1796, married in 1753, Chief Justice Edward Shippen of Philadelphia, one of whose daughters Margaret Shippen married in 1779, General Benedict Arnold. This alliance was an unfortunate one in many respects for the beautiful and amiable Margaret Shippen, but she was an excellent woman in every relation of life, and she had the satisfaction of moulding the character of several sons and daughters. Two of her sons reached high military positions in the British service, one of them attaining the rank of Major General. General Benedict Arnold was uniform in his kindness to her, but her letters published in The Pennsylvania Magazine, a few years ago, show that she was not a happy woman. She died 24 August 1804. Rachel Francis, born in 1737, married in 1760, first John Relfe, and secondly Matthew Pearce.

Turbutt Francis, born in Philadelphia in 1740, died in 1797. He was a Colonel in the British Continental Army and disinguished in the French and Indian Wars. He married Rebecca, the only daughter of Samuel Mifflin. Their children were Tench, Samuel, who took the name of Mifflin, and Rebecca Francis, who married Matthias Harrison.

Philip Francis, the youngest son, was born in Philadelphia in 1748. Admitted to the bar and practiced his profession in that city until his death. He married his cousin Henrietta Maria Goldsborough, born 1754, died 5 January 1839, daughter of Hon. John Goldsborough (1711-1778), of "Four Square," Talbot County. Their only son John Francis was lost at sea when a young man, and their only daughter Maria Francis married 23 November 1809, Dr. Tristram Thomas of Easton, Talbot County, Md. (See Thomas Family).

1

THE KERRS

The Cars, Carrs, Kers and Kerrs are all one family. The surname is widely distributed, being found in Norway and France, as well as in England and Scotland. The name of Ker or Kerr is of Scandinavian origin. It is found in the early North Saga of tenth century date, in which the deeds and voyages of Kari, the Icelander are described. It is said to have entered England with the followers of William the Conqueror, and a Karre certainly appears in the Roll of Battle Abbey, but that document is now generally discredited. The name is not in Domesday Book, but it may have come in a later immigration from either Normandy or Brittany. Genealogists say, however, that "no link between the Border Kers and any particular Norman ancestor entering either England or Scotland at any particular date has yet been discovered."

John Ker, the first of the name on record in Scotland, appears as a witness to the perambulations of the bounds of Stobo Manor, belonging to the See of Glasgow, in the reign of William the Lion, 1165-1214. Richard Ker, the next on record, is referred to in 1245, in a Charter to Melrose Abbey, founded by King David i, 1124–1153, now so picturesque in its ruinous solitude and so rich in historic and poetic association. The witchery of the place, the magic, the singular beauty of it all is incomparable. Here, within its crumbling walls, enshrouded in ivy, Sir Walter Scott often lingered and mused awhile.

"If thou would'st view fair Melrose aright,

Go visit it by the pale moon-light;

For the gay beams of lightsome day

Gild, but to flout, the ruins gray;

When the broken arches are black in night,
And each shafted oriel glimmers white;

A Robert Ker was defendant in a case before the Justices of New Castle-on-Tyne, in June 1231, and the names of Robertus de Kari and Johannes Kir appear in 13th century handwriting in Durham. These seem to be the first of the name on record in England.

Nicol Ker of Peebleshire signed the Ragman's Roll in 1296, as did Andrew del Ker of Stirlingshire. The Ragman's Roll is a list of all the Scotch barons and men of note who subscribed on a roll of parchment their fealty to Edward i. It contains the largest and most authentic enumeration extant of the nobility, barons, landholders, burgesses and clergy of Scotland prior to the 14th century. For many years after the Conquest the name is found only in isolated instances in the public records and not until the beginning of the 14th century does it become frequent. It is often found then in the Patent Rolls and the Hundred Rolls and other records in England as del Ker, or Carr or Ker.

In the reign of David ii, about the year 1357, when John Ker, of the Forest of Selkirk, acquired the lands of Auldtounburn, various families of Kers or Kerrs also acquired lands in Peeblesshire, Haddingtonshire, Dumfriesshire, Lanarkshire, Sterlingshire, and in Aberdeen. From this it would seem that though probably of the same stock, there are many families of the name in Scotland who are not descended from the great Border Houses of Cessford and Fernieherst who first settled in Teviotdale, at Ancrum, Cessford and Fernieherst.

These Kers were very powerful on the Border, their influence extending from the village of Preston Grange in Lothian to the limits of England. Cessford Castle, the ancient baronial residence of the family, is situated on a ridge inclining towards