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ing to thy word: that thou mayest know that there is none A.C.1491. like unto the LORD our God.

11 And the frogs shall depart from thee, and from thy houses, and from thy servants, and from thy people; they shall remain in the river only.

12 And Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh: and Moses cried unto the LORD because of the frogs which he had brought against Pharaoh.

13 And the LORD did according to the word of Moses; and the frogs died out of the houses, out of the villages, and out of the fields.

14 And they gathered them together upon heaps: and the land stank.

15 But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

THE THIRD PLAGUE-LICE ®.

EXODUS VIII. VER. 16-20.

16¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the land, that it may become lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

17 And they did so; for Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and it became lice in man, and in beast; all the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

18 And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, and upon beast.

19 Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

THE FOURTH PLAGUE-FLIES 9.

EXODUS VIII. VER. 20, TO THE END.

20 ¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in

* The plague of lice reproved the absurd superstition which demanded external purity alone.-The Egyptians considered it a great profanation of the temple if they entered it with any animalcula of this sort upon them. The people in general wore a linen garment over another of linen; but they laid aside the former when they approached their deities, for fear it should harbour vermin; and although their rites were most filthy and contemptible, yet they were carried on with a most scrupulous shew of purity and cleanliness.

• The fourth plague must have convinced the Egyptians, who were worshippers of zebub, the god-fly, that their own gods were converted into instruments of torment in the hand of a superior Power.

A.C. 1491. the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me.

* Or, a mix. some beasts,

ture of noi

&c.

+ Heb. a re-
demption.
+ Or, by to

morrow.

m Wisd. xvi.

9.

ed.

*

21 Else, if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses: and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground, whereon they are.

22 And I will sever in that day the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there; to the end thou mayest know that I am the LORD in the midst of the earth.

23 And I will put a division between my people and thy people to morrow shall this sign be.

24 And the LORD did so; and there came a grievous swarm of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses, and into all the land of Egypt: the land was Or, destroy-Scorrupted by reason of the swarm of flies.

n Ch. iii. 18.

25 And Pharaoh called for Moses and for Aaron, and said, Go ye, sacrifice to your God in the land.

26 And Moses said, It is not meet so to do; for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to the LORD our God: lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us?

27 We will go three days' journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to the LORD our God, as he shall command

us.

28 And Pharaoh said, I will let you go, that ye may sacrifice to the LORD your God in the wilderness; only ye shall not go very far away: intreat for me.

29 And Moses said, Behold, I go out from thee, and I will intreat the LORD that the swarms of flies may depart from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people, to morrow: but let not Pharaoh deal deceitfully any more in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the LORD.

30 And Moses went out from Pharaoh, and intreated the LORD.

31 And the LORD did according to the word of Moses; and he removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people; there remained not one.

32 And Pharaoh hardened his heart at this time also, neither would he let the people go.

THE FIFTH PLAGUE-MURRAIN OF CATTLE 10.

EXODUS IX. VER. 1-8.

1 Then the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh, A. C. 1491. and tell him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.

2 For if thou refuse to let them go, and wilt hold them still,

3 Behold, the hand of the LORD is upon thy cattle which is in the field, upon the horses, upon the asses, upon the camels, upon the oxen, and upon the sheep: there shall be a very grievous murrain.

4 And the LORD shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt: and there shall nothing die of all that is the children's of Israel.

5 And the LORD appointed a set time, saying, To morrow the LORD shall do this thing in the land.

6 And the LORD did that thing on the morrow, and all the cattle of Egypt died: but of the cattle of the children of Israel died not one.

7 And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.

8

THE SIXTH PLAGUE-THE BOIL ",

EXODUS IX. VER. 8-13.

And the LORD said unto Moses and unto Aaron, Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.

9 And it shall become small dust in all the land of Egypt, and shall be a boil breaking forth with blains upon man, and upon beast, throughout all the land of Egypt.

10 And they took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward heaven; and it became a boil breaking forth with blains upon man, and upon beast.

10 The fifth plague destroyed the living objects of their stupid worship. The sacred bull, the ram, the heifer, and the he-goat, fell dead before their worshippers, as if in ridicule of their vain incense. This judgment must have likewise had a great effect on the Israelites, and must have tended to wean their affections from those gods of the country to which they had before attached themselves.

"The sixth plague was the boil produced by the ashes of the furnaces, in which they had offered human sacrifices, probably some of the Israelites themselves: they were accustomed to scatter the ashes, to obtain a blessing from their gods: this very rite became the means of their present torment.

VOL. I.

A.C. 1491.

11 And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils; for the boil was upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians.

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12 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and Chap. iv. 21. he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses.

p Rom. ix. 17. *Heb. made thee stand.

+ Heb. set not

THE SEVENTH PLAGUE-HAIL 12.

EXODUS IX. VER. 13, TO THE END.

13 And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.

14 For I will at this time send all my plagues upon thine heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people; that thou mayest know that there is none like me in all the earth.

15 For now I will stretch out my hand, that I may smite thee and thy people with pestilence; and thou shalt be cut off from the earth.

deed for P this cause have I raised thee
name may

16 And in
very
up, for to shew in thee my power; and that
be declared throughout all the earth.

my

17 As yet exaltest thou thyself against my people, that thou wilt not let them go?

18 Behold, to morrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the foundation thereof even until now.

19 Send therefore now, and gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field; for upon every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.

20 He that feared the word of the LORD among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his cattle flee into the houses:

21 And he that + regarded not the word of the LORD left his heart unto his servants and his cattle in the field.

22¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch forth thine hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.

12 The seventh plague demonstrated that neither Isis, who presided over water, nor Osiris, the lord of fire, was able to protect the fields, and the climate of Egypt from the thunder, the rain, and the fire of Jehovah. These phenomena of nature seldom disturbed at any period of the year the climate of Egypt. On this occasion, they happened at a time when the air was generally most calm and

serene.

23 And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven: A. C. 1491. and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and the fire ran along upon the ground; and the LORD rained hail upon the land of Egypt.

24 So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation,

25 And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast; and the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field.

26 Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, was there no hail.

27

And Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them, I have sinned this time: the LORD is righteous, and I and my people are wicked.

*Heb. voices.

28 Intreat the LORD (for it is enough) that there be no more * mighty thunderings and hail; and I will let you go, H and ye shall stay no longer.

of God.

29 And Moses said unto him, As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands unto the LORD; and the thunder shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail; that thou mayest know how that the earth is the q Ps. xxiv. 1. LORD'S.

30 But as for thee and thy servants, I know that ye will

not yet fear the LORD God.

31 And the flax and the barley was smitten; for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled.

32 But the wheat and the rie were not smitten: for they were not grown up.

33 And Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread abroad his hands unto the LORD: and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured upon the earth.

34 And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants.

35 And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, neither would he let the children of Israel go; as the LORD had spoken by Moses.

THE EIGHTH PLAGUE-LOCUSTS 13.

EXODUS X. VER. 1-21.

1 And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh :

13 In the eighth plague of locusts, the Egyptians undoubtedly offered up their prayers to Isis and Serapis, who were the conservators of all plenty. They would

+ Heb. kid

den, or dark.

Heb. by the hand of Mo

ses.

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