Markleham, Rober?

HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE

ANECDOTES

OF

STEAM-ENGINES,

AND OF

THEIR INVENTORS AND IMPROVERS:

BY

ROBERT STUART,

CIVIL ENGINEER.

TH' INVENTION ALL ADMIRED, AND EACH HOW HE

'TO BE TH' INVENTOR MISSED; SO EASY IT SEEMED

ONCE FOUND, WHICH YET UNFOUND, MOST WOULD HAVE THOUGHT
IMPOSSIBLE.

Milton.

VOLUME I.

LONDON:

WIGHTMAN AND CRAMP,

PATERNOSTER-ROW.

-

MDCCCXXIX,

KLM

WITH A ROLLING PRESS MOVED BY A STEAM-ENGINE,

BY

WILLIAM CLOWES,

STAMFORD-STREET,

LONDON.

Honours paid to early inventors, 4.
Statue of Memnon, 5.

Kircher's Commentaries, note, 6. Hero of Alexandria, 8.

Editions of Spiritalia, note, 9. Hero's steam-toys, 11. Wil-

liam of Malmsbury-Gerbert's clock, 15. Alberti, 16. Astro-

logers, 17. Cardan's clipile, note-Mathesius-Whirling

celipile, 20. Besson, 21. Ramelli - Baptista Porta 24.

Wilkins quoted, note-Solomon De Caus raising water-

Giovanni Branca, 32. Cornelius Drebbel, 33. Bishop Wil-

kins, memoir, 34. Heating buildings by steam, 35. Kircher

the Jesuit raising water by steam, 36. Jack of Hilton, 38.

Tail-piece Kircher's steam-engine.

CHAPTER II.

Lord Herbert captures Monmouth-Imprisoned in Dublin-

Letter to his wife, note, 42. Returns from exile, and impri-

soned in Tower-Letter to Colonel Copeley, note, 44. Some of

his contrivances at Ragland, note, 45. Dedicates his Century

of Inventions to Parliament, 47. Lord Orford quoted, note, 48.

First steam-engine, 49. Editions of the Century of Inven

tions, note, 52. Inventions of the Earl of Worcester, note, 54.

Describes high-pressure-engine, 56. Exact and true definition

of his water-work, note, 57. Two designs for his engine de-

scribed, 60, 61. Act of Parliament, 62. His prayer, 63.

Inscription found on his coffin-Marchioness of Worces-

ter, 64. Letter of a priest to her, 65. Cosmo of Medicis, 66.

Describes Lord Worcester's engine at Vauxhall, 68. Jean

Hautefeuille's gunpowder engine-Duchess of Orleans-De

Sourdis Huyghens, 70.

Sir Samuel Morland memoir,

note-Machine for raising water, 73. Hutton quoted, note, 74.

Manuscript of experiments on steam, 75. Table of cylin-

ders, 76. Anonymous author describes a steam-engine, 77.

-

CHAPTER III.

Doctor Papin's mode of softening bones by steam, 83. De-

scribes safety-valve, 84. Mode of estimating strength of

steam, 86. Quantity of coals and effect produced, 87. Ma-

chine for raising water, 88. Air-pump, 90. Transmits

motion by it, 91. Vacuum by condensing vapour of gun-

powder, 91. Describes engine producing vacuum by conden-

sation of steam, 92. Observes waste of fuel from imperfect

combustion-Suggests reversing the flame, 95. Hints at

steam-guns and steam boats, 96. Authors who have mentioned

wheel-boats, note, 97. Prince Rupert's wheel-boat, 98. Tail-

piece, wheel-boat, described by Valturius.

CHAPTER IV.

Captain Thomas Savery, 101. Notices of his life-His wheel-

boat objected to by Dummer, note, 103. Sir I. Newton

mentions Savery, 106. De Samaurez' stream measurer, 107.

Savery's first engine, 109. Editions of Miner's Friend,

note, 110. Advantages of fire engine, 112. Its uses, 115.

Directions for erecting it-Action of the apparatus, 118. De-

sagulier's account-Robison's, Stuart's, and Switzer's com.

mentaries on it, note, 122. Allen's notice of Savery, note, 124.

Hooke designs a steam-engine, note, 125. Peculiarities of

Savery's machine, 126. Amonton's, 128. His fire-wheel, 130.

Papin resumes his experiments, 132. Elector of Hesse, 133.

Elector Charles's engine, 135.

CHAPTER V.

Biographical Notices of Thomas Newcomen and John Caw-
ley, 144. First atmospheric engine, 146. Introduction of
safety-valve by Desaguliers, note, 148. Switzer's account of
Newcomen's invention, note, 150. Sniffing clack, 153 New-
comen's boiler, 155. Griff engine, 156. Condensing by injec-
tion, 157. Bradley, 158. Engine for Mr. Balle, 59. Hum-

CONTENTS.

phry Potter invents scoggan-derivation of the word, note, 160.

Biographical notice of Desaguliers, 161. S. Gravesend and

Desaguliers' experiment-Steelyard safety-valve introduced,

note, 162.
Four-way-cock and injection in the inside of

Engines sent to

receivers applied to Savery's engine, 163.

St. Petersburg-Accident by bursting, 164.

CHAPTER VI.

Beighton invents hand gear, 171. Its action described, 172.

Engine described by Desaguliers, 173. Potter's mechanism

for opening cocks, 174. Engine with a buoy described, 175.

Two other forms of engine described, 178, 179.

CHAPTER VII.

Biographical notice of Leupold-Improves Amonton's fire-

wheel, 184. Improves Savery's engine, 185. Invents high-

pressure-lever engine, 187. Beighton calculates a table of pro-

portions of parts-Meyand, Meyer, and Bosfraud's engines, 189.

CHAPTER VIII.

Doctor Allen's experiments, 195. Modes of boiling water,

note, 196. Allen suggests to force a current of air upon fuel, 197,

and to navigate a ship by pumping water from its stern

with a steam-engine-Wheel-boats, note, 198. Gensanne's

engine, 199. Jonathan Hulls invents a steam-boat, 200.

Payne's method of expanding fluids, 202. Blake, 203. De

Moura's engine-Bernoulli and Gautier, 204. Keane Fitz-

gerald's experiments to increase steam, 205. His apparatus

for converting an alternate into a rotary motion-Brindley's

improvements, 207. Biographical notice of Cugnot-He in-

vents steam-carriages, 209. Blakey's engine, 210. Anecdotes

of Smeaton, 212.

CHAPTER IX.

Watt's

Biographical_notices of James Watt-and of his family,

note, 218. Biographical notice of Dr. Robison, note-He

suggests an idea of a steam carriage to Watt, 221.

first experiment, 222. Memoir of Professor Anderson, note—

Watt repairs model of Newcomen's engine, 223. Tries some

experiments upon it-Brindley's wooden cylinders, note, 225.

Smeaton's experiments, note, 226. Watt's experiment on

heating water by steam, 228.