Πολλοῖς· ὁ γοῦν Πηλεὺς ἔλαβε διὰ τοῦτο τὴν μάχαιραν. The dactyl occurs in the first, third and fifth feet, as Arist. Equit. 894, 900, 857. Καὶ πρότερον ἐπεβούλευσέ σοι· τὸν καυλὸν οἶσθ ̓ ἐκεῖνον. The anapaest is everywhere allowed; in the fourth and seventh feet, however, principally in proper names only, as Arist. Ran. 912. Thesmoph. 547. Ἀχιλλέα τιν ἢ Νιόβην, τὸ πρόσωπον οὐχὶ δεικνύς. Εγένετο Μελανίππας ποιῶν Φαίδρας τε Πηνελόπην τε. As an example of the catalectic tetrameter take Arist. Nub. 1036 sqq. Καὶ μὴν πάλαι γ ̓ ἐπιγνόμην τὰ σπλάγχνα, κἀπεθύμουν The Roman dramatists, also, used the catalectic tetrameter very frequently; the Atellan poets in particular are said to have delighted in it. They observe the diaeresis after the dimeter more strictly than the Greeks. Plautus treats the verse as asynartete, allowing himself in the diaeresis the hiatus and anceps, as Plaut. Asin. III. 3. 61, 62. Sed si tibi vigintí minae-argénti proferuntur, Quo nós vocabis nómine? - libértos, non patrónos. Some few examples occur in Terence, too, as Hecyr. V. 1. 15; 3. 32. Est mágna ecastor grátia de istác re quam tibi hábeam. According to the usual licenses the Romans put the spon dee in the even places, too; it is, however, less frequent in the fourth foot, and is usually concealed by the pronunciation. The spondee may stand even here, if the verse have not the diaeresis. The same observation applies to the anapaest which in the fourth place is harsh, if the verse has the diaeresis, yet occurs also softened, Asin. III. 2. 36. Nimis aégre risum cóntinui ubi hóspitem inclamávit. The dactyl is rare in the fourth foot, as Plaut. Curc. IV. 2.7. Terent. Hec. V. 3. 34. Et nunc idem dico. - Et commeminisse haec ego volám te. Philúmenam esse cómpressam ab eo, et filium inde hunc nátum. In the seventh foot, besides the iamb, there may stand, (1) The spondee, as Terent. Eun. II. 2. 31. Ut sibi liceret díscere id de mé, sectari jussi; (2) The tribrach, as Ter. Eun. II. 2. 41. Numquidnam hic quod nolis vides? te crédo, at numquid áliud? (3) The dactyl, as Eun. II. 2. 49. Detíneo te, fortasse tu profectus alio fueras; (4) The anapaest, in such a way that there is no foot caesura in the first syllable, as Terent. Heaut. IV. 4. 17. Adelph. IV. 5. 78. Quid? transeundum núnc tibi ad Menedémum est et tua pómpa; (5) The proceleusmatic, which however is more rare, as Plaut. Most. I. 3. 18. Ergo hóc ob verbum té, Scapha, donabo égo profecto hodie aliqui. As an example take Plaut. Rud. II. 1. 1 sqq. Omnibus modis, qui pauperes sunt hómines, miseri vivunt, Post id piscatum hamátilem et saxátilem aggredimur, Cibum captamus é mari. Sin éventus non vénit, Atque ut nunc valide fluctuat mare, núlla nobis spés est. (8) Tetrapodia iambica catalectica. Many of the Anacreontic poems, so called, seem to be of this rhythm, since in them the anacrusis appears only as monosyllabic. The greater part of them may be arranged in strophes, as Carm. IX (18 Mehlh.), X (), XV (5), XVII (7'′), XX (z♂′), XXIII (28′), XXXI (ŋ'), XXXIII (zɛ'), LV (x5't), LXV (a); others are composed only by the line, I (xy' ́), ́II (x8′), XI (5′), XII (9′), XIV (18′), XVI (25′), Xíx (xα), XXXII (17), XL (2y′), LIX (e'), and in part XXVI (us). Theocr. Idyll. XXX. In poems of the later period only, as Fragm. II), the spondee occurs for the iamb. The resolution of the arsis also is avoided. The verse has not a fixed caesura on account of its shortness. As an example take Anacr. Carm. I. Θέλω λέγειν Ατρείδας, Χαίροιτε λοιπὸν ἡμῖν Ἥρωες· ἡ λύρη γὰρ Μόνους Ἔρωτας δει. Among the Romans, Seneca has this rhythm in his tragedies, as Med. 848 sq. He also admits the dissyllabic anacrusis, and hence the verses might be regarded as Anacreontics: Two iambic catalectic tetrapodies, antipathically combined. Callim. Epigr. XXXIX. Ὁ Λύκτιος Μενοίτας τα τόξα ταῦτ' ἐπειπών II. VERSES OF THE DACTYLIC-ANAPAESTIC KIND, USED BY THE LINE. A. Dactylic Verses. (a) Rational Dactyls. (1) Dimeter cat. in disyll.-Versus Adonius. According to Terent. Maur. p. 2431, Sappho used it by the line. As an example he gives the following imitation: Primus ab oris Troïus heros, Perdita flammis Pergama linquens, Exul in altum Vela resolvit : Saepe repulsus Ausone terra, Moenia fessis Sera locavit; 1 Unde Latinum Post genus ortum Altaque magnae Moenia Romae. (2) Metrum encomiologicum. It consists of a trimet. dact. cat. in disyl. and a monom. troch. acat. It is classed by Hephaestion among the asynAs an example he cites from Alcaeus: artete verses. , Ἦ ρ' ἔτι Δινομένει τῷ Τυῤῥακήῳ Τἄρμενα λαμπρὰ κέατ ̓ ἐν μυρσινήῳ· and from Anacreon, who is said to have used this metre in several of his songs: Ορσόλοπος μὲν "Αρης φιλέει μεναίχμαν. It consists of a trimet. dact. cat. in disyll. cum anacrus. with an ithyphallic following. It was used by Archilochus, and after him, the comic writers Eupolis, Aristophanes (Vesp. 1528 sqq.), Eubulus, Diphilus, Cratinus and Phrynichus, employed the verse. Hephaestion classes this verse likewise with the asynartete. Archilochus always had the diaeresis after the dactylic rhythm, as, Ερασμονίδη Χαρίλαε, χρῆμά τοι γελοῖον. The comic poets often neglected it, and instead had the caesura after the arsis of the third dactyl, as Cratinus in Athen. VIII. p. 344. F. Ψῆφος δύναται φλεγυρὰ δείπνου φίλων ἀπείργειν. Archilochus allowed himself the spondee for the first dactyl, as, Αστῶν δ' οἱ μὲν κατόπισθεν ἦσαν· οἱ δὲ πολλοί. |