International Journal of Turkish Studies, Zväzok 9,Vydania 1–2

accepted According activities administrative alliance Anatolia Ankara Arab army authorities Balkans Bayezid became Bitlis borderlands campaign Caucasian Caucasus central century Christian communities continued cultural Czartoryski dated discussion district documents early economic established European example fact forces foreign French given granted hand identity important independence interests Islam issue Istanbul Italinski Kurds land language later letter Mehmed merchants military Moldavia Montenegrin Muslim North official organization Osmanlı Ottoman Empire Paris party Paşa paying period Persian political population Porte position practices present princes principalities protection provinces region relations religious Republic result rule Russian Safavid sancak secret sent Shah sixteenth social sources status subjects Sublime Sultan territories trade treaty tribes tribute troops Turkey Turkish Turks Tursun Wallachia