vii 109 110 qui venit 165 quid do P Priscianus GLK. í p. 387 et ш p. 275: quod do pw 204 Thrasymachi viii 33 pravam P ut videtur (adrasis ra) 5: parvam w 311 312 poenas metuit quascumque mariti irati debet (poenas irati quascumque metuit debet). The subjective genitive with poenas is harsh; otherwise poenas quascumque metuit, debet is in Juvenal's manner; cf. v 170 171 omnia ferre si potes, et debes. 326 erubuit nempe haec ceu fastidita repulso ('tanquam fastidiose repulsa cum ipsa reppulisset Hippolyti propositum). To me repulso seems very harsh. xi 26 ignoret 38 crumina c***ina P crumena pw: culina 5 55 et fugientem 5 Priscianus GLK. п p. 389 et ш p. 361: effugientem Pw 114 without a point before his. But Madvig's anaphora his monuit nos, hanc curam, has much force, and the line drags without any stop. 224 cum tonat, exanimis, primo quoque murmure caeli, xiv 9 ficedulas 16 utque et 17 putet coniecit Buecheler 24 inscripta, ergastula, carcer? distinxit Buecheler post inscripta cum Herwerdeno 215 216 parcendum est teneris, nondum implevere medullas: (maturae nequitiae cum po nequitiae ast cum 5. nulla erat post medullas distinctio: the comma after teneris seems certain; probably after a time the naturae...est may approve itself to the taste). xvi 20 tota tamen chors (tamen cohors P quod servandum censui: cohors tamen w) с i 157 deducis ,, 159 despiciet xiii 28 nunc I record elsewhere (vol. II p. viii) the predecessors who have been of service to me. I have read no English commentary on the original text. On the other hand, my notes shew that Holyday', Gifford, Badham, not 1 Samuel Johnson once intended to turn into Latin Holyday's notes, whose preface indeed shews that he lived in an atmosphere of profound learning and refined taste: 'In Hope and Zeal I ventur'd on this work, not doubting but that a man may, not without success, though without custome, Preach in Verse. Which purpose being understood by some worthy friends, was not condemn'd but incourag'd by a free and happy supply of diverse excellent Manuscripts of our Author. My honour'd friend Mr. John Selden (of such eminency in the Studies of Antiquities and Languages) and Mr. Farnaby (whose learned Industry speaks much for him in a little) procur'd me a fair Manuscript Copy from the famous Library at St. James's, and a Manuscript Commentary from our Herald of Learning, Mr. Cambden. My dear friend, the Patriarch of our Poets, Ben Johnson sent-in also an ancient Manuscript partly written in the Saxon Character. My learned friend Dr. Merick Casaubon afforded likewise an excellent Manuscript from the Study of his exact Father. The ready and singular courtesie of Dr. Augan sometime President, and the Fellows, of Corpus-Christi-Colledge, lent me from their publick Library a large and excellent Manuscript. My ancient friend Mr. Thomas Allen, the perpetual Monument of Glocester-Hall, yielded me also a parcel of a Manuscript, the first three Satyres. Nor may I omit my ingenuous and learned friend Dr. John Price, who imparted to me divers foreign Criticks, content with a mere translation, have in the throes of imitation learnt to appreciate their model more justly than many professed critics. I have now added a running table of contents as a heading of the pages, which will facilitate reference. Henceforth I hope to devote myself to clearing off my many literary arrears; reserving for my old age a commentary on Seneca, for which I have made large collections. J. E. B. M. whose Labours, though publish'd, are but rarely brought into these parts, but collected by his diligent choice, in his Travels into France, Italy, and Greece: to which I added mine own store, and what choice ones my youth had observed in our Oxford-Library.' This John Price, though 'the greatest critic of his time' (Wood), is now nearly forgotten. Yet his commentaries on Apuleius and the N. T. (Critici Sacri vol. v) are by no means obsolete. It would be well worth while to discover and print the commentaries which he left ready for the press. Hierauf las ich Martial: viel Witz, interessante Sittenmalerei...... Ganz anders, so recht ins Herz herein, wurde ich von meiner vierten Lectür bezaubert, von Juvenalis. Ehmals verstand ich ihn nicht, aber die grossen Städte und die Lebenserfahrung haben ihn mir commentirt. Welcher Mann, wenn er sich erhebt! Wer wollte nicht gern, wie Cicero, sterben um so einen Rächer! Zitternd von dem Feuer, so er in mir entflammte, schrieb ich nur die Anfangsworte gewisser grossen Stellen, die lebenslänglich zu lesen sind, weil sie in den innersten Schatz der Menschheit, die Beute der Jahrhunderte, gehören. JOHANNES V. MUELLER 24 April 1807 (Werke vir 272). Fluent and witty as Horace, grave and sublime as Persius, of a more decided character than the former, better acquainted with mankind than the latter, he did not confine himself to the mode of regulating an intercourse with the great, or to abstract disquisitions on the nature of scholastick liberty; but, disregarding the claims of a vain urbanity, and fixing all his soul on the eternal distinctions of moral good and evil, he laboured with a magnificence of language peculiar to himself, to set forth the loveliness of virtue, and the deformity and horrour of vice, in full and perfect display. WILLIAM GIFFORD Juvenal (2nd ed. Lond. 1806 p. lix). I come now to a more serious charge against Juvenal, that of indecency. To hear the clamour raised against him, it might be supposed, by one unacquainted with the times, that he was the only indelicate writer of his age and country. Yet Horace and Persius wrote with equal grossness: yet the rigid Stoicism of Seneca did not deter him from the use of expressions, which Juvenal perhaps would have rejected: yet the courtly Pliny poured out gratuitous indecencies in his frigid hendecasyllables, which he attempts to justify by the example of a writer to whose freedom the licentiousness of Juvenal is purity! It seems as if there was something of pique in the singular severity with which he is censured1. His pure and sublime morality operates as a tacit reproach on the generality of mankind, who seek to indemnify themselves by questioning the sanctity they cannot but respect; and find a secret pleasure in persuading one another that "this dreaded satirist" was at heart no inveterate enemy to the licentiousness which he so vehemently reprehends. When we consider the unnatural vices at which Juvenal directs his indignation, and reflect, at the same time, on the peculiar qualities of his mind, we shall not find much cause perhaps for wonder at the strength of his expressions. I should resign him in silence to the hatred of mankind, if his aim, like that of too many others, whose works are read with delight, had been to render vice amiable, to fling his seducing colours over impurity, and inflame the passions by meretricious hints at what is only innoxious when exposed in native deformity: but when I find that his views are to render depravity loathsome; that every thing which can alarm and disgust, is directed at her in his terrible page, I forget the grossness of the execution in the excellence of the design. ibid. pp. lxvii lxviii. Thus much may suffice for Juvenal: but shame and sorrow on the head of him, who presumes to transfer his grossness into the vernacular tongues ! Though I have given him entire, I have endeavoured to make him speak as he would have spoken if he had lived among us; when, refined with the age, he would have fulminated against impurity in terms, to which, though delicacy might disavow them, manly decency might listen without offence. ibid. p. lxxiii. 1 Bernays accounts in like manner for charges brought against the cynics by a society which feared their unsparing censures. So amongst us, reviewers of high pretension, reserving all their indignation for the ladies who disclose wrongs done to their sex, have not a word to say against the fashionable wrong-doers who interpret reticence as condonation or secret approval. |